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Solid State
Solid State
solid state
Relation between edge length (a), radius of sphere (r) in different types of cubic unit cells For simple cube, a = 2
r For face centred cube, a = 2 2r
Relation between nearest neighbours distance (d) and edge length (a) for cubic unit cell. For simple cubic, d = a
For face centred = 0.707 a. cubic, d =
Calculation of number of particles per unit cell contribution of each atom present on the corner = 1/8 contribution of each atom present on the face = 1/2 contribution of each atom present on the edge centre = 1/4 contribution of each atom present at the body centre = 1 Relation between radius ratio and C.N.
Radius ratio (r+/r-) 0.155-0.225 Possible co-ordination number of cation 3 Structural Arrangement Trigonal planar Examples
B2O3
0.215-0.414
Tetrahedral
0.414-0.732 0.732-1
6 8
Octahedral Cubic
Calculation of density (p) of a cubic crystal from its edge length (a) Density p =
Bragg equation n
= 2d sin
wavelength of incident x - rays d = interplanar distance = Angle of reflection or diffraction N = order of reflection or diffraction