November | December 2011 Feature title: Ecobiol Aqua A unique and highly effective single strain probiotic

International Aquafeed is published five times a year by Perendale Publishers Ltd of the United Kingdom. All data is published in good faith, based on information received, and while every care is taken to prevent inaccuracies, the publishers accept no liability for any errors or omissions or for the consequences of action taken on the basis of information published. Copyright 2009 Perendale Publishers Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without prior permission of the copyright owner. Printed by Perendale Publishers Ltd. ISSN: 1464-0058

The International magazine for the aquaculture feed industry

of hormone-like cellular messengers - prosantidiarrheal and taglandins and reproductive cells. Part of the bacteriostatic demand for Omega-3 and Omega-6 fish cover agents. themselves by producing them from simple Herbs are UFAs, which they obtain from food. also present in 23-24 May 2012 However, carnivorous and marine fish the aquarium. Aviemore, Scotland should be supplied with Omega-3 fatty acids, They play an because their ability to process them from important role in simple UFAs is small. the preparation Beta-1.3/1.6-glucan - a polysaccharide of water and are derived from yeasts cell walls - is a natural used as a comimmune stimulator that directly affects macponent of both rophages, increasing their capacity for phagoprepared foods cytosis of alien cells and their own cancer cells. and those proExtremely valuable components of foods duced in house for aquarium fish are algae and spirulina conditions. (Arthrospira platensis). In Europe The share of the latter in fish feed depends there are 25 on, inter alia, a very high protein content (55-70 species of basic percent) characterised by a high digestibility herbal raw (90 percent). materials, includIn addition, protein of Spirulina contains ing garlic and most essential amino acids for fish (if not all). common nettle, The cells walls of this cyanobacterium are which are used by Waldo G Nuez-Ortn, DVM, MSc, Aquaculture Technical Manager at NOREL S.A, Professional Feeding Technology composed of mucopolysaccharides, which in foods for Spain, Email: wnuez@norel.es, Website: www.norel.es Suitable for many types of fish farms act as immunostimulators. In the cells of ornamental fish. Robot feeding unit for up to 240 tanks spirulina one should find three times more To manu Most accurate feeder ever made chlorophyll than in plants. Chlorophyll reduces facture pre Centralised pipe feeding system the number of putrefactive bacteria in the pared food proThe UKs major Aquaculture exhibition and conference Export/import for production rearing temperature, antagonistic properties tics for potential probiotic bacteria has quaculture nowadays is gastrointestinal tract. The high content of ducers also use featuring the latest aquaculture products and innovations. management systems against especially beta-carotene, to produce key pathogens, capacity makes been reported by several authors (Farzanfar, facing a number of chalcarotenoids, plants rich in the Visit www.aquacultureUK.com for further information or extracellular intensify coloration in fish, feed called fitamins, enzymes that improve 2006; Gmez and Balcazar, 2008; Vine et al. lenges: high stocking denfoods with spirulina so contact info@aquacultureUK.com See our website www.arvotec.fi 2006) and extended by Merrifield et al. sities and the consequent whichutilisation, viabilityofunder normal storage is essential in case colourful breeding which act on the conditions, and acceptable survival proneness to pathogen transmisunder processing conditions. Ecobiol sion, the increasing limited - or AquAFeed even banned - use of antibiotics | november-December 2011 Aqua, which contains spores november-December 2011 | InternatIonal AquAFeed | 27 of a strain of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, foland the feeding of less degradaFish_Farming Int_1/8_107X146.indd 1 Your partner in technology, 17/10/2011 12:45 lows the above-mentioned criteria of ble plant-based diets. As a result equipment and plants for animalIAF11.06.indd 27 04/11/2011 08:42 selection. When compared to other reduced survival, as well as lower and aqua feed and petfood. probiotics containing Bacillus spp, two efficiencies and growth, lead to unprofproperties make Ecobiol a unique itable aquaculture practices. product; first, a higher survival rate of the sporulated form after pelleting When confronting this situation Providing proficient tools to achieve cost-effective (see Table 1), making Ecobiol Aqua the inclusion of Ecobiol Aqua in both and sustainable aquaculture practices an excellent alternative for shrimp fish and shrimp diets stands out as a Figure 1: Multiplication rate of Ecobiol Aqua as opposed to other strains of Bacillus feed production and second, a faster natural tool to stimulate health and (measured by optical density) activation and high multiplication rate growth in aquaculture practices. A of the vegetative form (see Figure 1). probiotic application for aquaculture Depending on processing conditions, (2010). Among them; essential properties practices can be defined as a live microbial farm management and purpose of applicaas being a non-pathogenic microorganism, supplement that administered via feed or tion, Ecobiol Aqua can be added directly to being free of plasmid-encoded antibiotic directly into the rearing water, provides a the mash, mixed with oil and coated after resistance genes, and being resistant to bile benefit to the animals by enhancing nutrient heat treatment, or being administered via salts and low pH. Other favourable properutilisation, health status, stress response, the rearing water. When applied in feed, ties are adequate and rapid growth at host disease resistance and performance and some prothis is in part a highly effective single strain probiotic biotic will achieved by leach from optimizing feed and the microa natural growth promoter feces and bial balance will provide within the an organic mineral source a benefit on animals the water and water environenvironment rl m e n t , ( M e rr i f i e l d Wynveen International b.v. Tel: +31 (0)26 - 479 06 99 Natuna trition u while when et al. 2010). Fax: +31 (0)26 - 479 06 98 P.O. Box 38 NOREL,S.A. Jess Aprendiz, 19, 1 A y B 28007 Madrid (SPAIN) Tel. +34 91 501 40 41 Fax +34 91 501 46 44 www.norel.es a d d e d A list of info@wynveen.com 6666 ZG Heteren Figure 2: Enzymatic and growing response of Litopenaeus vannamaei to a diet containing directly characteriswww.wynveen.com The Netherlands ECOBIOL Aqua into the

F: Probiotic

Aquaculture UK 2012

Feeding robots Single feeders Centralised feeding

Ecobiol Aqua

A unique and highly effective single strain probiotic

VA C U U M C O AT E R

ECOBIOL Aqua GUSTOR Aqua BIOMET Aqua

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F: Probiotic
population. Ecobiol Aqua is capable to secrete 0.9g of lactic acid per gram of sugar present in the media. Within the Mash Pellet gastrointestinal tract of the animal, this (UFC/g feed) (UFC/g feed) lactic acid will reduce pathogenic bacteria while is used by beneficial bacteria 2.60 x 106 2.25 x 106 such as Lactobacillus as substrate to grow. 1.68 x 106 1.50 x 106 In addition, the vegetative form of B. amyloliquefaciens produces barnase, a bac1.27 x 106 1.36 x 106 teriocine. These effects have been revealed Table 3: Performance parameters in Litopenaeus vannamaei in an in vitro experisupplemented with 1kg Ecobiol Aqua/ton feed (trial conducted in ment conducted by a semi-intensive culture in Sinaloa) Katsetsart University Control ECOBIOL Difference (Thailand), in which Aqua (%) Ecobiol Aqua showed inhibitor y activCulture days 80 80 ity against Aeromonas Average weekly gain (g) 1.33 1.51 + 13.5 hydrophila and Vibrio Size 15.4 16.7 + 8.4 parahameolyticus at different pHs (Data Survival (%) 67.5 66.5 - 1.5 presented at WAS 2011 Biomass (kg/Ha) 829 887 + 6.9 conference). At the Classification Large Large same time, this inhibiSales price (US$/kg) 3.56 3.56 tory activity reduces Feed (US$/Ha) 887,8 898,4 + 1.1 nutrient competition and avoids pathogen Income (US$/Ha) 2,841.0 3,046.4 + 7.2 colonization of the gut, leading Table 2: Performance parameters in Litopenaeus vannamaei supplemented to improved with 1kg Ecobiol Aqua/ton feed (trial conducted in a semi-intensive culture absorptive surin Peninsula de Villamoros) face area. Control ECOBIOL Difference Aqua (%)
Table 1: Ecobiol Aqua survival after processing (90 during one minute) Number of ponds Total surface (ha) Total animals Density (shrimp/ m2) Total days cultivation Survival (%) Biomass (kg/ha) Average weight at 95 days (g) FCR Feed costs (US$/Ha) Income (US$/Ha) 4 33.02 2,727,600 8.26 101 80.90 986.90 13.30 1.18 1070.7 3245.2 4 -

Other benefits
Another mode of action reported in Bacillus spp is the ability to stimulate the non-specific immunity by increasing the activity of phagocityc cells and lysozyme (Y-Z Sun et al 2010). Probiotics are also used as bioremediation agents. Bacillus spp. have been demonstrated to be efficient convertors of organic matter back into CO2, especially when administered directly into the water. In the case of Ecobiol Aqua, this benefit can be explained by the secretion of exo-enzymes that help in organic matter degradation. The result is greater penetration of oxygen into the sediments, making burrowing by shrimp easier. At the same time, probiotic bacteria are eaten by zooplankton, which is eventually grazed by shrimp or fish.

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Opportunistic diseases

Trial data
The efficacy of dietary supplementation of Ecobiol Aqua on performance parameters at a commercial scale has been evaluated in shrimp. In a trial carried out in semi-intensive farm located in Peninsula de Villamoros (Mexico), the shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) diets were supplemented with one kg Ecobiol Aqua per tonne of feed. Results (see Table 2) showed significant improvements in survival (+3.7 percent), average weight gain at 95 days (+4 percent), and income (+12 percent) relative to the non-supplemented diet. The same dosage was used in a second trial conducted in semi-intensive culture of Litopenaeus vannamei in Sinaloa (Mexico). As shown in Table 3, Ecobiol Aqua enhanced average weekly gain (+ 13.5 percent), size (+8.4 percent), final biomass (+6.9 percent) and income (+7.2 percent).

Environmental impact

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water, some probiotic will reach the gastrointestinal tract of the cultured animal. A wide range of modes of action have been described for Ecobiol Aqua; it is the combination of all of them what results in animal benefit.

Modes of action Antimicrobial properties

Probiotics release chemical compounds that may have bacteriostatic or bactericidal effects on the pathogenic

It is also 20.40 known that 1,836,000 probiotic bacteria can 9.00 9.0 r e l e a s e 97 - 4.0 extracellular 83.90 + 3.7 enzymes that 1,110.20 + 12.5 help in the 13.83 + 4.0 digestion process. In a study 1.19 + 0.8 conducted by 1162.6 - 8.0 the University 3618,8 + 11.4 of Sonora (Mexico), the protease activity in hepatopancreas of shrimp was measured when Ecobiol Aqua was supplemented at 1kg/tonne of feed (see Figure 2). Results showed increased enzymatic activity during the first four hours after feed intake, suggesting enhanced digestibility and consequently better growth performance. Secretion of amylases, cellulases and xylanases has also been reported for Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (data presented at ASAIM Southeast Asia Aquaculture conference 2010).

Conclusion
Current aquaculture practices are exposed to high risk of disease and reduced performance due to the high stocking densities and use of plant-based diets. Thus, aquafeed formulations must focus not only on nutritional specifications but also on the health status of the animal and an adequate feed utilisation. Ecobiol Aqua is a natural alternative that by providing an inhibitory effect against pathogenic microorganisms, by enhancing the digestion process and by likely having a beneficial effect on the immune system and the pond environment, facilitates the maximum performance to the animal, leading to safe and profitable practices.

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References
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info.aqua@nutriad.net www.nutriad.net

P.O. Box 8 100 Airport Road Sabetha, KS 66534, USA Phone: 785-284-2153 Fax: 785-284-3143 extru-techinc@extru-techinc.com www.extru-techinc.com
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