T HE F ERAL MAL L

E s c a p i n g d o m e s t i c a t e d s p a c e
J o h n A . W e s J o h n W e s t e l l | A d v i s o r : N e a l S c h w a r t z
2 0 1 1 T H E S I S P R O P O S A L
C O N T E N T S
I a m i n c l i n e d w h i l e w a t c h i n g t h e t u r t l e
t o t u r n i t o v e r a n d s t u d y i t s u n d e r b e l -
l y . F r o m t h e t h i s u n n a t u r a l p o s i t i o n I
s e e h o w t h i s p l a t o n i c a l l y s o l i d c r e a t u r e
m a k e s i t s w a y t h r o u g h t h e w o r l d .
- D w e l l e r b y t h e D a r k S t r e a m
J o h n A . W e s J o h n W e s t e l l | A d v i s o r : N e a l S c h w a r t z
A B S T R A C T
A R T I C L E
I n t r o d u c t i o n - A n o t h e r W o r l d
A S p a c e f o r t h e C o n s u m e r
C o n t r o l S p a c e
D o m e s t i c a t e d i n t o F e r a l
F e r a l S y s t e m s
A B S T R A C T
T|| | |e| ear| re re| | arce | r corurer |op
p| r ra| | erv| rorrer| ard | |e po| er| | a| ol | |e l era|
a a rec|ar| r | r | |e | rarl orra| | or ol dore| | ca| ed
corurer pace. 0ur cap| | a| | | | c cu| | ure |a oecore | |e
dor| rar| ]roo| ol poWer W| | || r corurer cu| | ure, l ed
o] rore] ard corurp| | or, ard e|| o| | | r | |e ao| | | | ] | o
cor| ro| ard pred| c| our ever] rove. T|e arc|| | ec| ure ol
corurer| r, | a d| rec| produc| ol cap| | a| | r, a p| ace ol
cor| ro| , W|| c| |a over | |e pa| cer| ur] | | | | ered | |e ur
oar | ardcape W| | | pace ol corurp| | or (| |e |opp| r
ra| | } | |a| |ave predor| ra| e| ] oecore a p| ace ol puo| | c
occupa| | or.
w|| | e recer| | ] | ec|ro| o] |a oro|er doWr | |e Wa| | ol
uc| pace, crea| | r a l | ee| r ard deca] ol | |ee orce,
'v| | orar] | oca| | or, ruc| ol our eper| erce ol uc|
cor| ro| | ed erv| rorrer| | | | | e| | a our cu| | ura| rorr.
T|e reearc| | oo| | oWard | |e | dea | |a| ar arc|| | ec| ure
roo| ed | r | |e rec|ar| r ol | |e l era| (| rarl orra| | or ol
dore| | ca| ed oac| | r| o | |e W| | d} | |rou| | |e occupa| | or
ol | |e Wea|ree l ourd | r dore| | ca| | or ol a pace,
car po| er| | a| | ] prov| de a reW preerce ard eper| erce
l or a cu| | ure ou| | | arourd corurp| | or.
T|e arc|| | ec| ure ol a l era| pace | rarpoe W|a| Wa
or| | ra| | ] deered 'Core| | c Space | |rou| | |e | rar
l orra| | or ol oourdar| e ard | |e corl | r| r e| erer| | |a|
W|| c| erve a ar er| averer| l or | |e W| | d de| re, er
v| rorrer| , ard eper| erce | |a| e| | ou| | de | |e rea| r
ol dore| | ca| | or. l r CarW| r' | |eor] ol evo| u| | or, | |e
W| | d pec| e rade dore| | c | |rou| a | ar| r ol | ra| |
urder | |e carel u| u| darce ol | |e |urar prac| | ce, car oe
| rarl orred oac| | r| o a l era| | a| e o a | o e|| o| | qua| |
| | e ol | |e W| | d.
A a pace ol | er de| red | | |e a cr| p| ol a rov| e,
W|ere ever] c|arac| er W| | || r | |e erv| rorrer| | care
l u| | ] cral | ed ard rade, | |e ra| | | ]po| o] oec|or | |e
ro| | or ol a 'Scr| p| ed Space a del | red o] uroar | |eo
r| | |orrar K| e| r. w|ere | |e occupar| are | ver | |e
| | | u| or ol l ree W| | | , ou| | r ac| ua| | | ] | |e 'rea| cor| | ol
ar aoo| u| e de| | ra| | or. w|a| po| er| | a| car oe der| ved
l ror | |e revera| ol uc| cor| ro| | ed prac| | ce, W|ere | |e
cor| ro| | ed oecore | |e urcor| ro| | ed, urpred| c| ao| e, ard
ee|er ol a Freud| ar' oca| | ed rar| l e| cor| er| ? Car
arc|| | ec| ure erve a a ve|| c| e | r | |e crea| | or ol uc|
pace?
S| r| | ar| ] wa| | er 8erj ar| r' Arcade Proj ec| , co| rc| de
W| | | | |e | dea | r|erer| W| | || r | |e ra| | , a | |e crea| | or
ol | |e F| areur | r|ao| | ed ard va| ued uc| corurp| | ve
pace. T|rou| | |e reappropr| a| | or ol | |e | | l e ol | |e c| | ]
oac| | r| o | |e cor| ro| | ed ra| | pace, | |e ra| | oecore
ar | ra| ra| | ve Wor| d W|ere our de| re car p| a] ou| | |e
cap| | a| | | | c | ruc| ure ol de| r. T|e re| |odo| o] ear
| red W| | | l o| | oW a | r| | ar | ruc| ure | o | |a| ol | |e l | areur,
a a reW Wa] | o erv| | or | |e pace ard | | | r|ao| | ar| .
T|e Arer| car S|opp| r ra| | W| | | | |u e| ao| | | | | e| l a
a | a| r rourd l or | |e dep| o]rer| ol | ac| | c roo| ed
| r | |e l era| a a Wa] l or | |e re| r|ao| | | r | o occur. T|e
propoa| p| ace | | e| l W| | || r | |e cor| e| ol | |e | ]p| ca|
ra| | prorar; par|| r | o| , l ood cour| , depar| rer| | ore
e| c. l | | oo| | o | rp| erer| | |e | er ol | |e l era| | r re| a| | or
| o | |e dore| | c a a Wa] l or pa| | a| | rarl orra| | or | o
occur.
http://www.ickr.com/photos/maisonbisson/2587652936/
I N T R O -
A n o t h e r W o r l d
T|e Arer| car S|opp| r Va| | |a evo| ved over | | re a
a ]roo| ol our ra| er| a| ard corurer dr| ver de| re.
Var| l e| | r | | e| l | |rou| d| l l erer| pa| | a| l orra| | or,
prorar | ]po| o| e, | | | u| orar] el l ec| , ard overa| u
ra| ed erv| rorrer| , | | |a crea| ed a dor| rar| preerce
W| | || r our cu| | ure r| | eu. 0re ru| | r| | | a| | ] aer| | |a|
| |e |opp| r ra| | a| | |ou| ol | er cor| dered oara| or
a p| ace ol | |e rorr, | oca| e | | | rer| | | r | | ao| | | | ]
| o | rarcerd | |e de| re ard eper| erce ol | |oe W|o
| r|ao| | uc| pace, | ru| | areou| ] evo|| r a ere ol
Worderrer| ard aWe W| | | | |e coro| red reed | o cor
ure.
A a pace, | |e Arer| car S|opp| r ra| | |a oecore
ore ol | |e ro| | cor| c pace W| | || r our We| err cu| | ure
| oda]. A p| ace | r W|| c| ro| ol Arer| car oc| e| ] |a a|
ore po| r| v| | | ed, o| | o| | r, per| | oo ruc| rore] a| ,
or car ea| | ] rereroer | |e re| | ol a | |ouard d| l l erer|
| ore a| | coro| red W| | | | |e uccu| er| re| | ol | |e c| rre
oor | |e | r| ar| ]ou e| l oo| | r| de.
Var] ol | |ee corurer dr| ver | | e |ave oecore
| rra| red W| | || r our uroar l aor| c, | a|| r | |e| r p| ace a| or
|| |Wa] road| de a o| oo er| | | | e de| red | o draW
| r | |e ro| ve|| c| e | ral l | c, or W| | || r | |e dere c| | ] cer
| er W|ere |urar l oo| | ral l | c | a| | | rea| e| capac| | ].
T|e Arer| car |opp| r ra| | opera| e a a l | u| d, || || ]
roo| | e er| | | ], ore | |a| | capao| e ol | rarl orr| r | | e| l
over r| || | o | r| ar| | ] adap| | r| o | | urrourd| r ard
draW | r | |e | are| croWd.
0l | er | |e ra| | | ]po| o] |a oeer rearded a a puo| | c
pace, ore | |a| erood| e a pec| l | c e| ol c|arac| er
| | | c per| a| r| r | o | |e cor| ro| ol | |e occupar| ard a
crea| | or ol | |e reed | o corure. we |ave We| cored | |
preerce | r| o our ever]da] | | ve | r| ar| | ] oecor| r | |e
oca| | ed 'ou]er a We Worder | | | aoer| r| |e| r | a]ou| ,
uodued, de| | r| ou ard o| urr] e]ed | o our urrourd| r.
Tec|ro| o] |a | ru| | areou| ] roWr up a| or| de | ||
corurer erv| rorrer| , ard |a ac| ed a ar aer| | r | |e
ru| | | p| | ed peed ard ra| e | |a| W|| c| ood, | rl orra| | or,
ard | a| | | corured. T|rou| | || , | ec|ro| o| e ao| | | | ]
| o prov| de l a| er ard ea| er Wa] | o |op, | |rou| or
| | re |opp| r | | e (Eoa], Arazor, E| ], e| c. } | |e | dea
ol | |e ra| | a a pace ol puo| | c occupar| | or | qu| c|| ]
oecor| r ar aoardored | ]po| o].
A We oecore rore accu| ored | o ar ecoror] | |a| |
cor| ar| | ] | r a | a| e ol cr| | , ard | ec|ro| o| e | r| ve
l or | o| a| uo| qu| | ], qu| c|| ] rerov| r | |e reed | o corure
| r ece| ve arour| , We ru| a| | |e que| | or ol W|a|
W| | | oecore ol | |ee orce dore| | ca| ed pace?
T|e dea| | ol | |e dore| | c ra| | preer| ar ar | r| ere|
| r rourd l or ep| ora| | or, l u| | ol po| er| | a| , | |a| orce
repurpoed l ror | | or| ra| ue ard orou|| oac| | r| o
| |e W| | d car oecore a reW Wor| d l or | |e | r|ao| | ar| .
l| |e 8erj ar| r' F| areur, a Wor| d l u| | ol po| er| | a| ard
| ra| ra| | or. T|e proce ol uc| | rarl orra| | or l ror
a dore| | ca| ed | a| e | r| o | |e W| | d, | |rou| | a|| r or a
l era| | a| e, preer| ar | r| ere| | r | er | o W|| c| We car
oe| r | o re| || r| | |e po| o| | | | | e ol uc| pace.
T|| | |e| | oo| | o ear| re | |e po| er| | a| ol | |e Fera|
| r corurer cor| ro| | ed erv| rorrer| , pec| l | ca| | ] | |e
Arer| car S|opp| r Va| | , ard | |e po| er| | a| l or arc|| | ec
| ure | o l ac| | | | a| e a reW d| coure l or ue. we | rdu| e | r
| |e | dea | |a| ar arc|| | ec| ure orce roo| ed | r cor| ro| ard
| |e dore| | ca| | or ol peop| e ard p| ace, |a | |e po| er| | a|
| o oe revered ard | a|er oac| | r| o | |e W| | d , o a | o
e|| o| | qua| | | | e ol | |e l era| , | |e dar| ard urpred| c| ao| e
| de orce l ourd W| | || r | |e c| | ].
A t h o u s a n d l i t t l e s t a g e s
A S p a c e f o r t h e C o n s u m e r
Var] arc|| | ec| ura| | |eor| | |ave a| | erp| ed | o c| a| l ]
| |e aro| uou ra| | | ]po| o], p| ac| r | | | r| o d| l l erer| ca|
eor| e | o | r] ard urder| ard | | | rare ordered qua| |
| | e, l orr| e de| r ard | |e ruarced re| |od ol poWer
ard cor| ro| W| | || r. T|e ra| | a a puo| | c pace, |a crea|
ed a reW ro| e ard preerce l or W|| c| We a a co| | ec| | ve
aerc] car carr] ou| our corurer dr| ver de| re W| | || r
a 'puo| | c pace. l | | ro | orer | |e c| | ] quare or | |e
puo| | c l our| a| r l or W|| c| We eper| erce | |e puo| | c rea| r,
ou| ra| |er | |e ra| | a puo| | c, e| | a a p| ace | |a| W|| c|
We |ave l requer| ed ol | er. l | |a evo| ved a| | qua| | | | e ol
| |e uroar cer| er | r| o ore | r| er| or| zed ere ol pace.
w|a| doe | |e repreer| a| | or ol uc| pace | rp| ] l or our
eper| erce ard urder| ard| r ol | |e c| | ]?
l r | |e 1950' ard 19o0' deoa| e aoou| | |e | rpac| ol
| |e re| ora| |opp| r cer| er, | |e reou| | d| r ol doWr
| oWr, | |e ro| e ol uroar || |Wa], ard | |e l u| ure ol | |e
Arer| car c| | ] Were oe| r p| a]ed ou| | r rar] l | e| d, ]e|
l eW arc|| | ec| ard p| arrer re| | |ee | ue or | |e| r
oWr | err.
1
\| c| or 0ruer Wa per|ap ore ol | |e ro|
| rl | uer| | a| correrc| a| arc|| | ec| , W|o rore | |ar ar]
o| |er a| | erp| ed | o erae | |ee d| l l erer| | rerd a
| |e] p| a]ed ou| over | |e ]ear. 8ecor| r a| ro| | | |e a
preac|er, | r reard | o || crea| | or ol | |e re| ora| |op
p| r ra| | , W|| c| |e oe| | eved Wa | o c|are uouroar
deve| oprer| ard cou| d a| | er | |e uroar erv| rorrer| | r
|or| | Arer| ca. 0r| ra| | ] a| r| r recor| | | or a a |op
de| rer l ror v| erra, |e | el | al | er l| | | er' arrea| | or | r
1938, ard oecare a We| | |roWr |op de| rer | r |eW
Yor|.
2
0ruer opera| ed | |rou| rar] d| l l erer| ca| e,
l ror |opp| r cer| er | o doWr| oWr redeve| oprer|
proj ec| , | o l | ra| | ] a ra| erp| ar l or reW c| | | e, W|| c|
cor| der| r W|ere We are roW, cou| d |ave a evo| ved a
l r| || er| r| ] el l | c| er| corcep| ua| | za| | or ol | |e c| | ].
1 Gruen, Victor. From Urban Shop to New City
2 (Ibid)
0ruer' corcep| ua| | za| | or ol | |e re| ora| |opp| r ra| |
a a v| | a| c| | ] cer| er oecare || dr| v| r | dea oe|| rd | |e
de| r, ard Wa ar | r| ere| l ur| |ered o] 0ruer | r ro|
ol || 30 ]ear ol Wor|. le qu| c|| ] Wa deered 'v| | | a| r
ol corurer cu| | ure, W|o Wa l ocued rore | oWard ar
arc|| | ec| ure ol corurp| | or, | |a| W|| c| rar] d| areed
W| | |. Var] ol || cr| | | c co| red | |e | err '| |e 0ruer
Trarl er | o decr| oe a repu| ed p|eroreror | |a| oc
cur dur| r a v| | | | o a |opp| r cer| er: | r | |e preerce
ol a dazz| | r arra] ol ood, ore | oe ore' purpoe
ard oe| r | o dr| l | , | rarl orred | r| o a p| | ar| ard urcr| | |
ca| corurer purc|a| r rardor | | er.
1
l | | e| | ra| ed
| |a| a ruc| a 90 percer| ol |opp| r ra| | | rarac
| | or corcerr ood | |a| | |e |opper |ad ro| p| arred | r
advarce | o ou] ]e| d| d o al | er | |e 0ruer | rarl er | oo|
|o| d.
2
0ruer' | r| ere| car oe l ourd | r | |e apec| ol | |e
oc| a| | r| erl ace oe| Weer |op ard | |e puo| | c. le Wou| d
erae | r | |e | |ea| r| ca| | ra| ra| | or a a Wa] l or de| r
| r, |op ard | ore, a We| | a | |e re| a| | or|| p ol | |e
puo| | c | o | |e | ree| . le qu| c|| ] | r| er| or| zed | || cord| | | or
| r || l orru| a| | or ol | |e re| a| | |opp| r ra| | .
T|e oe| rr| r | r | |e crea| | or ol | |e |opp| r ra| | | o
ca| ed | |ere| ve l | r| , | |rou| ar e| er| or re| a| | or|| p ol
| |e | ore | o | |e | ree| . 0ruer' l | r| |op oear | |rou|
| |e ra|| r ol | |e | r| er| or ol a a par| ol | |e | ree| . 8]
p| ac| r | |e | az| r a| | |e l ror| ol | |e | ore | | | r| ar| | ]
oecare a par| ol | |e | ree| , ard W|a| Wa orce corl | red
or | |e | r| er| or Wa a| | oWed | o oe eer o] | |oe Wa| || r
or | |e | deWa| | ol | |e | ree| , | r| ar| | ] draW| r | |e| r
a| | er| | or. T|| Wa l ur| |er e| erded | r| o | |e d| p| a]
produced | r | ore l ror| a 'e]eca| c|er | o draW | r
cu| orer, W|| c| We roW ee a a dr| v| r l ac| or W| | || r
| |e ra| | | r| er| or pace, | |rou| rad| ca| , | | | z], v| ua|
2 Kwinter S. Virtual City: e wiring and waning of the world,
1995. e Gruen Transfer.
d| p| a]. Var] ol | |ee d| p| a] ard | |e de| r ol | |e
| ore, oear | a|e or | |ea| r| ca| | | |e qua| | | | e | |rou|
| |e ar| | cu| a| | or ol or| || co| or, r| rrored url ace, ard
a| | r covered e| erer| , | o er| | ce | |e corurer | o ou].
0ruer oecare | r| ere| ed | r | |e | ore ao| | | | ] | o | a|e or
a | |ea| r| ca| | | |e qua| | | ], | rea| | r eac| | ore a | | oWr
| ae, W|ere |e Wou| d | a| er oe| r ep| ore Wa] | o cre
a| e | | | u| or ard | |e ao| | | | ] | o | urr | |e pede| r| ar | r| o a
ou]er.
T|e orea|| |rou| care W|er 0ruer l | r| | | ed a| | | |ee
d| l l erer| c|arac| er| | | c | r| o ore ou| | d| r, | |e re| ora|
|opp| r cer| er, W|| c| Wou| d | a| er oecore ar | r| er| or
| zed pace l or | |e corur| r ol j u| aoou| ar] | ]pe ol
produc| . le oe| | eved | |a| W| | | | |e r| e ol uouroar| za| | or
| |e |opp| r cer| er Wou| d erve a cer| erpo| r| , ol l er| r
j u| a ruc| ol W|a| | |e re| ropo| | | ar cer| er ave. l |
orou|| | oe| |er | |e correc| | or ol oc| a| ard c| v| c l urc
| | or urder | |e urore| | a ol | |e corurp| | or ol ood.
T|rou| rar] ra| | | | era| | or | |a| | oo|ed | o recorcep
| ua| | ze | |e pede| r| ar | ree| arourd a correc| ed | r| r
ol | ore ard |op ard coord| ra| ed pa| |Wa], | |e l | r|
crea| | or ol | |e | r| er| or| zed ra| | Wa a| | |e Sou| |da| e
|opp| r cer| er. T|e | dea oe|| rd | |e de| r Wa | o
crea| e W|a| 0ruer rel erred | o a 'l r| rover| ed Arc|| | ec
| ure. Vuc| ol | |e e| er| or cor| | ed ol o| ard W| rdoW| e
Wa| | | |a| Wou| d or| ] || r| a| | |e | r| er| or| | ] ol | |e ou| | d
| r, | |rou| | are er| rarce ard o| o| oc| ol co| or. le
War| ed ave | |e a| | rac| | ve e| erer| l or | |e | r| er| or o
| |a| orce | r| de | |e |opper Wou| d |ave ro reaor | o
| eave.
T|e |opp| r ra| | de| r repac|aed | |e c| | ] | r a al e,
c| ear ard cor| ro| | ed l orr | |a| ave | |e ra| | rea| er
| rpor| arce a a corrur| | ] ard oc| a| cer| er. T|e er
c| oed ra| | upp| | ed pa| | a| cer| ra| | | ], puo| | c l ocu ard
|urar der| | ].
3
3 Crawford, Margrette. Variations of a eme Park
T|| de| r Wa | |e oe| rr| r ol ro| |opp| r cer
| er, W|| c| | r | urr Wou| d | ead | o | |e dea| | ol | rrer c| | | e.
l | | oo|ed | o crea| e a | r| er| or| zed ere ol corrur| | ],
W|| c| Wa produced | |rou| a l orru| a l or prorar crea|
| r a || || ] cor| ro| erv| rorrer| .
Wou| d ee| rel ue l ror | |e c| | ] W| | || r, ou| Wou| d e|
cau|| | r | |e Weo ol corurer| r ard a reed | o ou]. l |
ac| ed a ar poWer e| erer| l or crea| | r ard produc| r
d| l l erer| | ]pe ol erv| rorrer| ard eper| erce cor
| a| red W| | || r.
uroar | |eor| | |orrar K| e| r d| cue | |e ro| | or ard
evo| u| | or ol cor| ro| | |rou| W|a| |e ca| | a s:|| | e1
s):e, W|| c| | eer a a repore | o our || | cor
urer cu| | ure, ard | |a| rar| l e| | | e| l | |rou|ou| rar]
apec| ard pace ol | |e corurer oc| e| ] | oda]. A
cr| p| ed pace a del | red o] K| e| r, ' | s ) ||)e1
e|| |e| | |)| | |es | |e || eoe| | |e | 1e) | |)| | |ej
)|e | :| || v| o|e | ):| v)| | | j | |e o|| 1 | s |e
1e| e|| e1
2
A cr| p| ed pace | ver] ruc| aoou|
| |e ro| | or ol | |e v| eWer W| | || r | |e pace ard |oW | |e
rec|ar| r ol poWer cor| ro| | |e uer, a| | |e are | | re
| v| r | |er | |e | | | u| orar] oe| | el | |a| | |e] are | r cor| ro| .
'l r | || cae a p| ace W|ere | |e corurer 'ac| ou| | |e
| | | u| or ol l ree W| | | .
T|e ra| | a| o ued rar] d| l l erer| ra| | ca| e | ra| e
| e orce | r| de | o crea| e | |e de| re | o ou]. Fror | |e
p| acerer| ol produc| W| | || r | |e | ore, | o | |e de| r ol
2 Klein, Norman.Electronic Baroque: Jerde Cities, in: Ray
Bradbury (ed.) You Are Here. e Jerde Partnership International,
London:
Phaidon, 1999
0re ru| l | r| e| ao| | | | |a| | |e ro| | or ol cor| ro| W| | || r
| |e d| coure ol corurer cu| | ure rar| l e| | | e| l a
a dor| rar| l ac| or, ard | |e de| re l or corurp| | or o]
| |e corurer, a c|arac| er| | | c | |a| car oe rar| pu| a| ed
| |rou| | |e dore| | ca| ed qua| | | | e ol | |e pace W|ere
corurer| r | a|e p| ace (| e. | |e |opp| r ra| | }.
T|e ucce ol | |e | r| er| or| zed ra| | | | e | r | |e re| a| | or
|| p oe| Weer prorar ard | |rou| 0ruer a| | erp| a|
| |e rarr| ae oe| Weer depar| rer| | ore ard | |e arcade,
| |e crea| | or ol | |e duroe| | p| ar ro| corror| ] l ourd | r
ra| | de| r. Ar arc|or | ore Wa p| aced a| | |e erd ol
| |e ou| | d| r, | |e | dea oe| r | |a| | |e arc|or | ore Wou| d
ac| a a rare| | o draW | |e cu| orer pa| | |e ra| | er
|op, | rcrea| r der| | ] ol pede| r| ar | ral l | c ard erur
| r | |a| | |ere Were ro ecoror| c dead erd. T|| pro
v| ded a erd| e el l ec| orce | r| de.
Rer Koo| |au' | e| , Jur|pace, prov| de a | uc| d decr| p
| | or ol | |e | ]pe cor| | ru| | ] ol pace | |a| W|| c| | |e ra
c|| re ol corurer| r |a crea| ed. le arue | |a| | |ee
pace are ro| pure| ] arc|| | ec| ure ou| ra| |er cor| dered
'Jur|pace or roderr| za| | or l a| | ou| . le oe| | eve' | |a|
| |e cor| | ru| | ] l ourd | r| de | W|a| a| | oW l or | |e cor| ro|
ol | |e occupar| , |e | a| e:

'C| | v| | j | s | |e esse:e | Jv\s):e | | e\| | | s
)j | |e| | | |)| e)| es e\)s| 1e| js | |e )|:|| | e:| v|e
| se)| essess es:)| )| | )| | :1| | | | s|| \| e| | | |e
s|v| | e| || )| | :v|| )| | | s )| o)js | | e|| | s e\| es| |e | |)|
jv |)|e| j e|:| e|e | | s | | | | s | | || es 1| s|| e| )| | j )j
e)s | ||| | | s| e:|"
!
T|| | ]pe ol cor| | ru| | ] W| | || r | |e ra| | Wa l urdarer
| a| | ] coerc| ve | r | |a| | | rar| pu| a| e corurer | r| o | or
pa| |Wa] | o ra| r| ze | rpu| e corurp| | or . T|e rove
rer| W| | || r | a| Wa] pred| c| ed ard cor| ro| | ed. Fror | ||
| |e ra| | | | e| l l orred a p| ace ol de| re l or W|| c| peop| e
1 Koolhaus, Rem. Junkspace. 2001
C o n t r o l S p a c e
| |e d| p| a] | r | ore l ror| , ever]| || r | r ore Wa] or
aro| |er Wa cor| ro| | ed.

T|e cor| ro| ard cr| p| | r ol pace ard | r| era| | or W| | || r
car oe | oca| ed arourd a || rd ol dore| | ca| | or l or W|a|
oe or orce | r| de. A K| r Cove] d| cue | | | a re
rova| ol ever]| || r darerou, d| r| ], or oad. S|e | a| e:
!|e )| | :s| |v:| s | |e | 1e)| :v| | j o| | |
|e|| j 1| || s| | e::e| || :| | | es | | |)s ) e|)e| | j
| es| | |e )| s|e|e |e)|e1 | se1| o| | | ))1
v| o| | |v| | |e ev| e ))1 | | |e v| | : :)|| |)|
| | |e | es| s | | | | | :)| || es| !|| s |)| | c)| |
| 1es| | :)| | | | |e s):e | \s | |1v:e ) :1|
| | o|e|e )j | e| | )| 1| s|v| | s )|e |e:| ce1 )1
|e|e1 "
3
T|e ra| | | r| | a| | ] | oo|ed | o re| rl orce | |e dore| | c va| ue
ore r| || l | rd | r uouro| a, | |e ra| | | oo|ed | rWard, | urr
| r | |e| r oac| or | |e puo| | c | ree| , ou| a| | |e are | | re
a| | erp| | r | o oecore a puo| | c pace.
4
T|e ra| | | oo|ed | o
oecore a puo| | c pace urder pr| va| e cor| ro| W|ere | |e
| | | u| or ol | |e c| | ] e| | | r | r| de Wou| d p| a] ou| .
A | |e ra| | | oo|ed | o oecore a p| ace ol | |e puo| | c | |
rere| ] | r| | a| ed ra| |er | |ar crea| ed uc| cord| | | or. A
Cove] po| r| ou| , ')| | |v| | | | | | s oe1 )1 || |)| e| j
:| || | e1 | | :| )| s | |e e)| s | v| | : s):e | | e
1o | | |e vse | | |e s| |ee| s| s )1 | |e | o sv)|e
T|e ra| | | | e| l or| ] | oo|ed | o | e| | | r| ze | | ee| l a a puo
| | c pace, ou| or| ] | ed | o 'e| ure ol | e| | | ra| | or | |a|
car oe l ourd W| | || r | |e pace.
0re r| || a| W|a| po| er| | a| cou| d | |e ra| | ol l er | l | |
d| d ac| ua| | ] oecore a puo| | c pace ruc| | | |e | |e c|arac
| or| | | c l ourd ou| | de | |e Wa| | , or | ree| correr' ard
| deWa| |? T|e oeau| ] l ourd | r | |e c|ao ol | |e | ree| .
3 Dovey, Kim. Framing Spaces: Mediating power in built form
4 Crawford, Margrette. Variations on a eme Park.
wa| | er 8erj ar| r' Arcade Proj ec| der| ved l ror | |e | ]pe
ol pace | |a| | |e erc| oed arcade W| | || r | |e ra| | cre
a| ed, ard W|| c| |e per| ro| ol || | | l e ep| or| r uc|
c|arac| or| | | c. le recor| zed | |ee arcade a | |e '|ar
o| rer ol a l urdarer| a| | ] reW || rd ol pace, ar | r| er| or
drear Wor| d ol educ| | ve corod| | | e.
5
8erj ar| r aW
roderr| | ] a a reW r]| |o| o], l u| | ol co| | ec| | ve | ra| ra
| or l ourd W| | || r | |e arcade.
l| deve| operer| ol | |e F| areur cor| rc| ded W| | | | |e
arcade | | |e pace l ourd W| | || r | |e ra| | , a a reW l | ure
opera| | r W| | || r | |e pace ol corurp| | or. l| cre
a| | or ol | |e | | )ev| coro| red corp| c| ou corurp| | or
W| | | uroar vo]er| r ard corurp| | or ol | ree| | | l e a
pec| ac| e. l r | |e 19| |cer| ur], ruc| | | |e | oda], | |e c| | ]
Wa eer a | aoer| r| || r, | rpure ard darerou. T|e
crea| | or ol | |e arcade W| | || r | |e ra| | , crea| ed a epara
| | or ol p|ere l ror, ou| | de | o | r, crea| | r a pro| ec| ed
p| ace W|ere reW l orr ol oc| a| re| a| | or|| p cou| d | a|e
p| ace. T|| re| ruc| ur| r ol | |e rear| r l ourd W| | || r
uc| dore| | c pace a | |e ra| | , oecore ar e| erer|
| |a| W|| c| car oe l ur| |er ep| ored ard po| er| | a| | ] uo
ver| ed.
8erj ar| r' v| eW prov| ded a Wa] | o coro| re c| | ] | o | |e
| r| er| or| zed cord| | | or ol | |e ra| | , | |u produc| r a reW
| ]pe ol c|arac| or l or | r|ao| | | r uc| pace. T|| oe
core l urdarer| a| | r e| ao| | || r a re| | arce | oWard
dore| | c rorr l ourd W| | || r ra| | pace.
5 Dovey, Kim. Framing Spaces: Mediating power in built
form
0re r| || l | r| ear| re | |e ro| | or ol dore| | ca| | or
ard | |e cor| a| rrer| ol | |ee | ra| | W| | || r | |e ra| | , | |
rec|ar| r ard prac| | ce, a a Wa] | r| o urder| ard| r
| |e po| er| | a| l or a revera| ol l orr.
T|e | r| | | a| ood] rorp|o| o] a| | erp| | o c| a| l ] | |e
prorarra| | c j urc| | or oe| Weer depar| rer| | ore ard
ecordar] | ore | roe| Weer.
T|e ra| | |a opera| ed a a p| ace l or dore| | ca| ed prac
| | ce ol corurer cu| | ure | o url o| d. A ar | r| er| or| zed
cord| | | or, | | | oo| | o ec| ude | |e ou| | de Wor| d ou| a| | |e
are | | re r| r| c | |e ere ol puo| | c | | l e or occurr| r
or | |e ou| | de. T|rou| | |e | | | u| orar] el l ec| crea| ed
W| | || r | |e pace | | |a a| | erp| ed | o oecore a c| | ] a| |
or | | oWr. w|a| po| er| | a| car oe crea| ed | |rou| a
revera| ol | |e dore| | ca| ed | der| | | ] | r| o a l era| | a| e, or
a | a| e l ourd ou| | de | |e cor| ro| | ed pace?
Prac| | ce ol uc| | ]pe ol re| | arce | oWard | |e cap| | a|
| | | c corurer cu| | ure W| | || r | |e ra| | Wou| d |ave | o | |e
rel u| e | |e | r| rurer| a| | za| | or W| | || r. S|| e| d arue,
| | s :)|| |)| esve )||| )| | )s ) s| | e | | | |e | | )e|| e
j | | s vse| |e1ees | |e )v| |e| | :| | j | | |e )| | o|| :|
| s vs|e1 | | | |e ):\|v1 | vse|s )v| |e| | : ee|
| )1 | | e|):| | e | | 1s | 1| || 1v)| |e|e|s)| s
1es| )| | | c)| | s )1 | | e||e| | s | ) :| | vvs | )j
| | | |e | |ee1 | | || s s):e )1e j vse|s o| vs|
| e o|| | | e | | )s )ss| |e :sve|s "
Per|ap | |e | rarl orra| | or l ror a dore| | ca| ed | a| e
l ourd W| | || r | |e ra| | , | r| o a | a| e ol | |e W| | d or | ra|
rar] | a| e decr| oed o] 8erj ar| r, occur urder | |e
ro| | or ol oecor| r l era| . T|| | dea ol a | rarl orra| | or
re| a| e ro| | r| | ar| ] | o | |oe l ourd | r pec| e ru| a
| | or W|ere a dore| | ca| ed ar| ra| (p| , ca| , p| ar| , oa| }
| rarl orr oac| | r| o | |e | | or| | ra| W| | d | a| e. Fera|
| ard| r a a po| er| | a| | er oac| | r| o | |e or| | ra| W| | d
| a| e.
T|ere are l our pec| l | c c|arac| er| | | c or | ra| | | |a| W|| c|
a pec| e | |a| | dore| | ca| ed cor| a| r.
1. 8od] Vorp|o| o]
2. Popu| a| | or Cerorap|]
3. S| | e Aero| ae
4. Ar| ra| C| e|
D o m e s t i c a t e d i n t o F e r a l
T|e d| arar ol | |e pa| | a| | a]ou| | ro| corror | r ra| |
| ]po| o| e T|e | ruc| ure ol | || l orra| a| o de| err| re
rer| a| va| ue W| | || r | |e prorar | a]ou| , | o ra| r| ze
prorar prol | | . T|e arc|or | ore e| | |e c|eape|
rer| oecaue | |e] are | |e rare| . T|e |a| | oW |op
c| oe | o er| rarce are | |e c|eape| ol ra| | |op | rce
peop| e rare| ] pa ecep| W|er er| er| r or e| | | r.
T|e ro| eper| ve rer| occur a| | |e pr| rar] zore ol
| rpu| e purc|a| r W|ere | |e r| l avour j eWe| r], | l | ,
c| o| |e, ard acceor| e.
T|e ecord | ra| | l ourd W| | || r | |e ra| | oe| r | o ae
| |e popu| a| | or derorap|]. T|| decr| oe | |oe W|o
are ro| | | |e| ] | o oe l ourd | r | |e ra| | a oppoed | o
| |oe l ourd ou| | de | |e pace. T|e averae |opp| r
ra| | | ]pe l ourd | r 2010 Wa a l era| e, ae 39, W| | | ar
averae | rcore ol $59, 000. T|rou| | | ao| | | | ] | o a| | rac|
| |e dore| | c uer, | | | | r| | | |e derorap|] l ourd ou| | de
| |e pace. Var] ra| | are a| o a| | r| ou| ed | o | |e | eerae
popu| a| | or a | | oecore a p| ace ol rel ue l or uc| cu|
| ure. w|a| | ]pe ol o| |er derorap|| e r| || | |e ra| |
oe| r | o or| r W| | || r?
T|e | || rd c|arac| er| | | c decr| oe | |e | | e aero| ae
| o W|| c| | |e ra| | r| || p| ace | | e| l W| | || r. Var] |op
p| r ra| | are p| aced | r pec| l | c area o a | o draW | r
| |e ro| ve|| c| e ard pede| r| ar | ral l | c. T|e | | e aer
o| ae de| err| re W|ere | |e oe| p| acerer| Wou| d oe
| rc| uded par|| r, acce, ard urrourd| r cor| e| .
T|e | a| | ra| | per| a| r | o | |e prorar | |a| | | oca| ed W| | |
| r. Var] ra| | | ]po| o| e | r order | o urv| ve ru| | r|ao| |
rore ard rore prorar. T|e | ]pe ol prorar a| o | | e
| r| o W|a| reed oecore cor| a| red orce | r| de. T|e ra| |
| r | | | | | u| or | o opera| e rore | r | |e puo| | c rea| r, |a oe
ur | o | r|ao| | puo| | c prorar uc| a: c|urc|e, po| | ce
| a| | or, rueur, | | orar| e ard o| |er puo| | c erv| ce.
Prorar ard | |e reappropr| a| | or ol prorar W| | || r | |e
Duane Hanson- Young Shopper
:H V W H O G 6 D Q W D $Q L W D
6 , 7 ( &+$5$&7 (5, 6 7 , &6 6 X U Y H \ L Q J W K H 8U E D Q 6 L W H
3 X H Q W H +L O O V 0D O O
%U H D 0D O O
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Veri zon Wi rel ess
WESTMINSTER MALL
Los Angel es, CA
SIZE : 1, 195, 000 SQ Ft .
Prorar aero| | e
S| | e Aero| ae
A r| | r ol | ao| e W| | | | r| ao| e Wa ep| ored | |ou| | |e
de| r eper| rer| ore. T|e r| | r ol a | ao| e e| erer|
uc| a a corcre| e W| | | a | r| ao| e e| erer| uc| a
Wa, | o crea| e a cord| | | or | |a| cou| d a| | oW po| er| | a| reW
cord| | | or oe| Weer | o erere. T|rou| re| | | r | |e Wa
al | er | | |ad e| W| | || r | |e l orr, a reW cord| | | or oe| Weer
| |e e| erer| car occur, W|ere vo| d pace car oecore
area l or | r| erac| | or | r ore ere re| ap|or| ca| | o | |e
| ao| | | | ] ol | |e ra| | | ruc| ure ard | |e | r| ao| | | | ] ol | |oe
W|o occup] | |e pace .

0re r| || a| o or| r aoou| | |e | r| ao| | | | ] ol de| re W| | || r
| |e occupa| | or ol | |e pace ol corurp| | or ard |oW
| | | crea| ed W| | || r. l | |ere po| er| | a| l or | |e de| re | |a|
W|| c| | |e ra| | crea| e | o | a|e or a l era| qua| | | ], W|ere
de| re oecore W| | d?
A | r 8erj ar| r' l | areur, |e oe| | eved | |a| | |e darer ol
| |e uroar | | l e | |a| Wa epara| ed orce | r| de | |e ra| | ,
Wa ac| ua| | ] par| ol | | v| | a| | | ] | r W|| c| | | | | r|ed | o | |e
ae| |e| | c ol | |e uo| | re.
3
T|e pec| ac| e | r|erer| W| | || r
3 Savage, M. Walter Benjamins Urban ough, Environment
and Planing. 1995
ra| | ol l er a po| er| | a| | ] reW l rareWor| l or ue. Cou| d
| |e rep| acerer| ol a reW prorar provo|e a reW ue l or
| |e pace?
8ETwEE| STA8l ll TY A|C l |STA8l ll TY
T|e dore| | c c|arac| er| | | c l ourd W| | || r | |e ra| | | ]po|
o] preer| | |ere| ve a opera| | r oe| Weer a cord|
| | or ol | ao| | | | ] ard | r| ao| | | | ], W|| c| | r | urr produce a
|| || ] vu| rerao| e pace. A Cove] c| a| r:
!|e :)|e| v| | j :| || |e1 |e|ese| )| | )| e| | e:| s | | |e
)| | | | s e\:| vs| s | 1| | | e|e:e )\e | | |v| e|)| e
!|e |1v:| | | ) :)|| |)| )| s|e|e e:v|)es
:)|| |)| esve e|)|| | !|e |e | |e )| | 1e| js | |e
s| | | | e|s | 1e:|)| | : v| | : s):e | |e |e | | e:v|
)es 1e:|)| | : v| | : vse
Per|ap | |e | r| ao| | | | ] prov| de a p| ace l or W|| c| | rar
l orra| | or car occur, a c|are l ror dore| | c | r| o | |e
l era| . 8erj ar| r aW revo| u| | orar] erer] a| | |e |ear| ol
| |e co| | ec| | ve drear| r ol | |e corrod| | ] cu| | ure.
1
le
oe| | eved | |a| | |e crea| | ve correc| | or oe| Weer percep| | or
ard ac| | or | |a| c|arac| er| ze c|| | d|ood p| a] a| o c|arac
| er| ze revo| u| | orar] corc| oure.
2

For ' dore| | c' pace | o oecore | r ore ere W| | d
aa| r, ro| | c|ered o] | |e reed | o corure ou| ra| |er
| o l u| l | | | our | ra| ra| | or, ore| || r | |a| | v| | a| | o our
e| | erce. we ru| | |er dep| o] | ac| | c | oWard | |e Wea|
po| r| | |a| W|| c| | |e ra| | cor| a| r ard crea| e, o | |a|
ar ecape l ror dore| | ca| | or car occur.
1 Dovey, Kim. Framing Places: Mediating Power in Built
Form
2 Buck-Morss, S. e Dialectics of Seeing: Walter Benjamin
and the Arcades Project, Cambrige, MA: MIT press
| |e ra| | pace | eper| erced | r d| | rac| | or W|| c| | erd
| | ar added po| er| | a| | o | r| er drear ard reror| e.
Cove] c| a| r, ' T|e ra| | po| ar| ze | |e c| | ], | | ol l er a
p| ace ol era| z p| eaure ard de| re W| | |ou| darer W| | || r
ar uroar cor| e| | |a| | rcrea| r| ] ol l er darer W| | |ou|
p| eaure.
A a pace, | |e |opp| r ra| | ue | |e ro| | or ol ac|
| r a a l | c| | ora| Wor| d a a rear l or corce| v| r | dea
W| | || r. Foucau| | d| cue | |e ue ol a l | c| | or | r | |e
produc| | or ol a pace ard W|a| po| er| | a| | ru| | | | car
or| r aoou| , |e | a| e,
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| | j e\| s| s | | | | :| | | | v:| | | | |v| | || ) | | :| | )|
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se| || | |)| 1es | )s je| e\| s| | |)| | s | | :| | s" | |
T|rou| l | c| | ora| qua| | | e | |e Fera| | a|e or a po| er| | a| | ]
dar| | de, | r W|| c| | | crea| e ar | r| rover| ed reW rea| | | ]
l or | |e | r|ao| | ar| | o eper| erce. T|rou| | || | |e ra| |
rar| l e| ar | ra| ra| | ve eper| erce. 0ruer' drear l or
a corrur| | ] | | |e pace |a ro| oeer rea| | zed. T|rou|
| |e | er ol | |e l era| We car rec| a| r | |e | c|ed cu| | ure ol
corurp| | or.
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A b s u r d , F o u l , R i d i c u l o u s , I r r e g u l a r . D a r k
A N N O T A T E D B I B L I O G R A P H Y
[ Books ]
Benjamin, Walter. The Arcades Proj ect. Harvard Press. 2002
Thi s wi l l be used to understand the user wi thi n shoppi ng spaces as a seperate enti ty resi st
i ng the consumer cul ture.
Borden, Ian. The Unknown Ci ty: Contesti ng Archi tecture and Publ i c Space. Massachusetts: MIT
Press, 2000.
Buck-Morss, S. The Di al ecti cs of Seei ng: Wal ter Benj ami n and the Arcades Proj ect. Cambi rdge,
MA: MIT Press. 1989.
Gruen, Victor. From Urban Shop to New Ci ty. 2005
Thi s presents the i deas behi nd Gruen s work and hi s creati on and framework for the mal l
typol ogy
Jacobs, Jane. The Death and Li fe of Great Ameri can Ci ti es. 2004.
Thi s book becomes i mportant for understandi ng economi c causes i n the ci ty devel opment
and agents that act i n the desi gn of past and future ci ti es.
Lewis Tsurmaki Lewis. Si tuati on Normal . The Pamphl et Seri es. 1999
Scott, Felicity. Archi tecture or Techno-utopi a. MIT Press. 2007
Whiting, Sarah. Di fferences: Topographi es of Contemporary Archi tecture. MIT Press. 1995
[ Articles/ Essays ]
Jameson, Frederic. Postmoderni sm, or the Cul tural Logi c of Late Capi tal i sm. 1991.
Koolhaus, Rem. Junkspace. 2001
Scott, Felictiy. Invol untary Pri soner of Archi tecture. 2007
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A r t i c l e O u t l i n e
: : : The Feral Mal l
l l r| roduc| | or (T|e cor| erporar] Va| | }
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8. l| | or| ca|
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a. deve| oprer| ol ra| | | ]op| o]
| deve| oprer| ol A| r Cord| | | or| r
| | . roo| | zed Wa| |Wa]
2. S| ore Fror| Ce| r
3. Sou| |da| e |opp| r cer| er
a. l | r| erc| oed pace
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1. Koo| |au 'Jur|pace
a. pace a a re| due, 'o| |er pace
2. K| e| r 'Scr| p| ed pace
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3. Cove] | |e cor| ro| | ed pace


l l . Core| | ca| ed l r| o Fera|
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1. pec| e | ra| |
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2. popu| a| | or derorap|]
3. S| | e aero| ae
4. pec| e d| e|
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8. S]| er ol w| | d Fera| S]| er
1. repurpoe/ reprorar
2. | r| roduc| | or ol ]| er ol W| | derre
3. F| c| | or W| | || r | |e pace.