qweityuiopasufghjklzxcvbnmqweityui

opasufghjklzxcvbnmqweityuiopasufgh
jklzxcvbnmqweityuiopasufghjklzxcvb
nmqweityuiopasufghjklzxcvbnmqwei
tyuiopasufghjklzxcvbnmqweityuiopas
ufghjklzxcvbnmqweityuiopasufghjklzx
cvbnmqweityuiopasufghjklzxcvbnmq
weityuiopasufghjklzxcvbnmqweityuio
pasufghjklzxcvbnmqweityuiopasufghj
klzxcvbnmqweityuiopasufghjklzxcvbn
mqweityuiopasufghjklzxcvbnmqweity
uiopasufghjklzxcvbnmqweityuiopasuf
ghjklzxcvbnmqweityuiopasufghjklzxc
vbnmqweityuiopasufghjklzxcvbnmity
uiopasufghjklzxcvbnmqweityuiopasuf
ghjklzxcvbnmqweityuiopasufghjklzxc
vbnmqweityuiopasufghjklzxcvbnmqw



NICBAEL Angelo

Aitista iinascimentale

11/23/2011

Ahmad Syahml bln Parun
Croup 83
20102016



wbom l embtoceJ lo wbom my sool oow llves

a
g
e

|

4
r
t
i
s
t
o

r
i
n
o
s
c
i
m
e
n
t
o
/
e




"Whom I embraced |n whom my sou| now ||ves"

MICnALLAnge|o


wbom l embtoceJ lo wbom my sool oow llves

a
g
e

|

4
r
t
i
s
t
o

r
i
n
o
s
c
i
m
e
n
t
o
/
e


ita eisonale

M|che|ange|o dl Lodovlco 8uonarroLl Slmonl1 (6 March 1473 18 lebruary 1364) commonly
known as Mlchelangelo was an lLallan 8enalssance palnLer sculpLor archlLecL poeL and englneer who
exerLed an unparalleled lnfluence on Lhe developmenL of WesLern arL2 uesplLe maklng few forays
beyond Lhe arLs hls versaLlllLy ln Lhe dlsclpllnes he Look up was of such a hlgh order LhaL he ls ofLen
consldered a conLender for Lhe LlLle of Lhe archeLypal 8enalssance man along wlLh fellow lLallan
Leonardo da vlncl
Mlchelangelo was consldered Lhe greaLesL llvlng arLlsL ln hls llfeLlme and ever slnce Lhen he has
been held Lo be one of Lhe greaLesL arLlsLs of all Llme2 A number of hls works ln palnLlng sculpLure
and archlLecLure rank among Lhe mosL famous ln exlsLence2 Pls ouLpuL ln every fleld durlng hls long
llfe was prodlglous when Lhe sheer volume of correspondence skeLches and remlnlscences LhaL
survlve ls also Laken lnLo accounL he ls Lhe besLdocumenLed arLlsL of Lhe 16Lh cenLury 1wo of hls besL
known works Lhe leL and uavld were sculpLed before he Lurned LhlrLy uesplLe hls low oplnlon of
palnLlng Mlchelangelo also creaLed Lwo of Lhe mosL lnfluenLlal works ln fresco ln Lhe hlsLory of WesLern
arL Lhe scenes from Cenesls on Lhe celllng and 1he LasL !udgmenL on Lhe alLar wall of Lhe SlsLlne Chapel
ln 8ome As an archlLecL Mlchelangelo ploneered Lhe MannerlsL sLyle aL Lhe LaurenLlan Llbrary AL 74 he
succeeded AnLonlo da Sangallo Lhe ?ounger as Lhe archlLecL of SL eLers 8aslllca Mlchelangelo
Lransformed Lhe plan Lhe wesLern end belng flnlshed Lo Mlchelangelos deslgn Lhe dome belng
compleLed afLer hls deaLh wlLh some modlflcaLlon
ln a demonsLraLlon of Mlchelangelos unlque sLandlng he was Lhe flrsL WesLern arLlsL whose
blography was publlshed whlle he was allve3 1wo blographles were publlshed of hlm durlng hls
llfeLlme one of Lhem by Clorglo vasarl proposed LhaL he was Lhe plnnacle of all arLlsLlc achlevemenL
slnce Lhe beglnnlng of Lhe 8enalssance a vlewpolnL LhaL conLlnued Lo have currency ln arL hlsLory for
cenLurles ln hls llfeLlme he was also ofLen called ll ulvlno (Lhe dlvlne one)4 Cne of Lhe quallLles mosL
admlred by hls conLemporarles was hls LerrlblllL a sense of awelnsplrlng grandeur and lL was Lhe
aLLempLs of subsequenL arLlsLs Lo lmlLaLe Mlchelangelos lmpassloned and hlghly personal sLyle LhaL
resulLed ln Mannerlsm Lhe nexL ma[or movemenL ln WesLern arL afLer Lhe Plgh 8enalssance

wbom l embtoceJ lo wbom my sool oow llves

a
g
e

|

4
r
t
i
s
t
o

r
i
n
o
s
c
i
m
e
n
t
o
/
e


iima infanzia

M|che|ange|o was born on 6 March 1473a ln Caprese near Arezzo 1uscany3 (1oday
Caprese ls known as Caprese Mlchelangelo) lor several generaLlons hls famlly had been smallscale
bankers ln llorence buL hls faLher Ludovlco dl Leonardo dl 8uonaroLLo Slmonl falled Lo malnLaln Lhe
banks flnanclal sLaLus and held occaslonal governmenL poslLlons3 AL Lhe Llme of Mlchelangelos blrLh
hls faLher was Lhe !udlclal admlnlsLraLor of Lhe small Lown of Caprese and local admlnlsLraLor of Chlusl
Mlchelangelos moLher was lrancesca dl nerl del MlnlaLo dl Slena6 1he 8uonarroLls clalmed Lo
descend from Lhe CounLess MaLhllde of Canossa Lhls clalm remalns unproven buL Mlchelangelo hlmself
belleved lL7 Several monLhs afLer Mlchelangelos blrLh Lhe famlly reLurned Lo llorence where
Mlchelangelo was ralsed AL laLer Llmes durlng Lhe prolonged lllness and afLer Lhe deaLh of hls moLher
ln 1481 when he was [usL slx years old Mlchelangelo llved wlLh a sLonecuLLer and hls wlfe and famlly ln
Lhe Lown of SeLLlgnano where hls faLher owned a marble quarry and a small farm6 Clorglo vasarl
quoLes Mlchelangelo as saylng lf Lhere ls some good ln me lL ls because l was born ln Lhe subLle
aLmosphere of your counLry of Arezzo Along wlLh Lhe mllk of my nurse l recelved Lhe knack of handllng
chlsel and hammer wlLh whlch l make my flgures3
Mlchelangelos faLher senL hlm Lo sLudy grammar wlLh Lhe PumanlsL lrancesco da urblno ln
llorence as a young boy38b 1he young arLlsL however showed no lnLeresL ln hls schoollng
preferrlng Lo copy palnLlngs from churches and seek Lhe company of palnLers8 AL LhlrLeen
Mlchelangelo was apprenLlced Lo Lhe palnLer uomenlco Chlrlandalo19 When Mlchelangelo was only
fourLeen hls faLher persuaded Chlrlandalo Lo pay hls apprenLlce as an arLlsL whlch was hlghly unusual
aL Lhe Llme10 When ln 1489 Lorenzo de Medlcl de facLo ruler of llorence asked Chlrlandalo for hls
Lwo besL puplls Chlrlandalo senL Mlchelangelo and lrancesco Cranaccl11 lrom 1490 Lo 1492
Mlchelangelo aLLended Lhe PumanlsL academy whlch Lhe Medlcl had founded along neo laLonlc llnes
Mlchelangelo sLudled sculpLure under 8erLoldo dl Clovannl AL Lhe academy boLh Mlchelangelos
ouLlook and hls arL were sub[ecL Lo Lhe lnfluence of many of Lhe mosL promlnenL phllosophers and
wrlLers of Lhe day lncludlng Marslllo llclno lco della Mlrandola and ollzlano12 AL Lhls Llme
Mlchelangelo sculpLed Lhe rellefs Madonna of Lhe SLeps (14901492) and 8aLLle of Lhe CenLaurs (1491
1492) 1he laLLer was based on a Lheme suggesLed by ollzlano and was commlssloned by Lorenzo de

wbom l embtoceJ lo wbom my sool oow llves

a
g
e

|

4
r
t
i
s
t
o

r
i
n
o
s
c
i
m
e
n
t
o
/
e


Medlcl13 Whlle boLh were apprenLlced Lo 8erLoldo dl Clovannl leLro 1orrlglano sLruck Lhe 17year
old on Lhe nose and Lhus caused LhaL dlsflguremenL whlch ls so consplcuous ln all Lhe porLralLs of
Mlchelangelo14




















wbom l embtoceJ lo wbom my sool oow llves

a
g
e

|

4
r
t
i
s
t
o

r
i
n
o
s
c
i
m
e
n
t
o
/
e


Et auulta

Lorenzo de Med|c|s deaLh on 8 Aprll 1492 broughL a reversal of Mlchelangelos
clrcumsLances13 Mlchelangelo lefL Lhe securlLy of Lhe Medlcl courL and reLurned Lo hls faLhers house
ln Lhe followlng monLhs he carved a wooden cruclflx (1493) as a glfL Lo Lhe prlor of Lhe llorenLlne
church of SanLo SplrlLo who had permlLLed hlm some sLudles of anaLomy on Lhe corpses of Lhe churchs
hosplLal16 8eLween 1493 and 1494 he boughL a block of marble for a larger Lhan llfe sLaLue of
Percules whlch was senL Lo lrance and subsequenLly dlsappeared someLlme clrca 18Lh cenLury13c
Cn 20 !anuary 1494 afLer heavy snowfalls Lorenzos helr lero de Medlcl commlssloned a snow sLaLue
and Mlchelangelo agaln enLered Lhe courL of Lhe Medlcl
ln Lhe same year Lhe Medlcl were expelled from llorence as Lhe resulL of Lhe rlse of Savonarola
Mlchelangelo lefL Lhe clLy before Lhe end of Lhe pollLlcal upheaval movlng Lo venlce and Lhen Lo
8ologna13 ln 8ologna he was commlssloned Lo flnlsh Lhe carvlng of Lhe lasL small flgures of Lhe Shrlne
of SL uomlnlc ln Lhe church dedlcaLed Lo LhaL salnL 1owards Lhe end of 1494 Lhe pollLlcal slLuaLlon ln
llorence was calmer 1he clLy prevlously under LhreaL from Lhe lrench was no longer ln danger as
Charles vlll had suffered defeaLs Mlchelangelo reLurned Lo llorence buL recelved no commlsslons from
Lhe new clLy governmenL under Savonarola Pe reLurned Lo Lhe employmenL of Lhe Medlcl17 uurlng
Lhe half year he spenL ln llorence he worked on Lwo small sLaLues a chlld SL !ohn Lhe 8apLlsL and a
sleeplng Cupld Accordlng Lo Condlvl Lorenzo dl lerfrancesco de Medlcl for whom Mlchelangelo had
sculpLed SL !ohn Lhe 8apLlsL asked LhaL Mlchelangelo flx lL so LhaL lL looked as lf lL had been burled so
he could send lL Lo 8omepass lL off as an anclenL work andsell lL much beLLer 8oLh Lorenzo and
Mlchelangelo were unwlLLlngly cheaLed ouL of Lhe real value of Lhe plece by a mlddleman Cardlnal
8affaele 8larlo Lo whom Lorenzo had sold lL dlscovered LhaL lL was a fraud buL was so lmpressed by Lhe
quallLy of Lhe sculpLure LhaL he lnvlLed Lhe arLlsL Lo 8ome18 d 1hls apparenL success ln selllng hls
sculpLure abroad as well as Lhe conservaLlve llorenLlne slLuaLlon may have encouraged Mlchelangelo Lo
accepL Lhe prelaLes lnvlLaLlon17



wbom l embtoceJ lo wbom my sool oow llves

a
g
e

|

4
r
t
i
s
t
o

r
i
n
o
s
c
i
m
e
n
t
o
/
e


ita ui Roma

M|che|ange|o arrlved ln 8ome 23 !une 149619 aL Lhe age of 21 Cn 4 !uly of Lhe same year he
began work on a commlsslon for Cardlnal 8affaele 8larlo an overllfeslze sLaLue of Lhe 8oman wlne
god 8acchus Powever upon compleLlon Lhe work was re[ecLed by Lhe cardlnal and subsequenLly
enLered Lhe collecLlon of Lhe banker !acopo Calll for hls garden
ln november of 1497 Lhe lrench ambassador ln Lhe Poly See commlssloned one of hls mosL
famous works Lhe leL and Lhe conLracL was agreed upon ln AugusL of Lhe followlng year 1he
conLemporary oplnlon abouL Lhls work a revelaLlon of all Lhe poLenLlallLles and force of Lhe arL of
sculpLure was summarlzed by vasarl lL ls cerLalnly a mlracle LhaL a formless block of sLone could
ever have been reduced Lo a perfecLlon LhaL naLure ls scarcely able Lo creaLe ln Lhe flesh
ln 8ome Mlchelangelo llved near Lhe church of SanLa Marla dl LoreLo Pere accordlng Lo Lhe
legend he fell ln love wlLh vlLLorla Colonna marchloness of escara and a poeLclLaLlon needed Pls
house was demollshed ln 1874 and Lhe remalnlng archlLecLural elemenLs saved by Lhe new proprleLors
were desLroyed ln 1930 1oday a modern reconsLrucLlon of Mlchelangelos house can be seen on Lhe
!anlculum hlll lL ls also durlng Lhls perlod LhaL skepLlcs allege Mlchelangelo execuLed Lhe sculpLure
Laocon and Pls Sons whlch resldes ln Lhe vaLlcan20








wbom l embtoceJ lo wbom my sool oow llves

a
g
e
8

|

4
r
t
i
s
t
o

r
i
n
o
s
c
i
m
e
n
t
o
/
e


Statua di Davide

M|che|ange|o reLurned Lo llorence ln 14991301 1hlngs were changlng ln Lhe republlc afLer
Lhe fall of anLl8enalssance rlesL and leader of llorence Clrolamo Savonarola (execuLed ln 1498) and
Lhe rlse of Lhe gonfalonlere lero Soderlnl Pe was asked by Lhe consuls of Lhe Culld of Wool Lo
compleLe an unflnlshed pro[ecL begun 40 years earller by AgosLlno dl uucclo a colossal sLaLue
porLraylng uavld as a symbol of llorenLlne freedom Lo be placed ln Lhe lazza della Slgnorla ln fronL of
Lhe alazzo vecchlo Mlchelangelo responded by compleLlng hls mosL famous work Lhe SLaLue of uavld
ln 1304 1hls masLerwork creaLed ouL of a marble block from Lhe quarrles aL Carrara LhaL had already
been worked on by an earller hand deflnlLlvely esLabllshed hls promlnence as a sculpLor of
exLraordlnary Lechnlcal sklll and sLrengLh of symbollc lmaglnaLlon
Also durlng Lhls perlod Mlchelangelo palnLed Lhe Poly lamlly and SL !ohn also known as Lhe
uonl 1ondo or Lhe Poly lamlly of Lhe 1rlbune lL was commlssloned for Lhe marrlage of Angelo uonl and
Maddalena SLrozzl and ln Lhe 17Lh cenLury hung ln Lhe room known as Lhe 1rlbune ln Lhe ufflzl Pe also
may have palnLed Lhe Madonna and Chlld wlLh !ohn Lhe 8apLlsL known as Lhe ManchesLer Madonna
and now ln Lhe naLlonal Callery London









wbom l embtoceJ lo wbom my sool oow llves

a
g
e
9

|

4
r
t
i
s
t
o

r
i
n
o
s
c
i
m
e
n
t
o
/
e


Cappella Sistina Soffitto

In 1S0S Mlchelangelo was lnvlLed back Lo 8ome by Lhe newly elecLed ope !ullus ll Pe was
commlssloned Lo bulld Lhe opes Lomb under Lhe paLronage of Lhe ope Mlchelangelo had Lo
consLanLly sLop work on Lhe Lomb ln order Lo accompllsh numerous oLher Lasks 8ecause of Lhese
lnLerrupLlons Mlchelangelo worked on Lhe Lomb for 40 years 1he Lomb of whlch Lhe cenLral feaLure ls
Mlchelangelos sLaLue of Moses was never flnlshed Lo Mlchelangelos saLlsfacLlon lL ls locaLed ln Lhe
Church of S leLro ln vlncoll ln 8ome
uurlng Lhe same perlod Mlchelangelo Look Lhe commlsslon Lo palnL Lhe celllng of Lhe SlsLlne
Chapel whlch Look approxlmaLely four years Lo compleLe (13081312) Accordlng Lo Mlchelangelos
accounL 8ramanLe and 8aphael convlnced Lhe ope Lo commlsslon Mlchelangelo ln a medlum noL
famlllar Lo Lhe arLlsL 1hls was done ln order LhaL he Mlchelangelo would suffer unfavorable
comparlsons wlLh hls rlval 8aphael who aL Lhe Llme was aL Lhe peak of hls own arLlsLry as Lhe prlmo
fresco palnLer Powever Lhls sLory ls dlscounLed by modern hlsLorlans on Lhe grounds of conLemporary
evldence and may merely have been a reflecLlon of Lhe arLlsLs own perspecLlve
Mlchelangelo was orlglnally commlssloned Lo palnL Lhe 12 AposLles agalnsL a sLarry sky buL
lobbled for a dlfferenL and more complex scheme represenLlng creaLlon Lhe uownfall of Man and Lhe
romlse of SalvaLlon Lhrough Lhe propheLs and Cenealogy of ChrlsL 1he work ls parL of a larger scheme
of decoraLlon wlLhln Lhe chapel whlch represenLs much of Lhe docLrlne of Lhe CaLhollc Church
1he composlLlon evenLually conLalned over 300 flgures and had aL lLs cenLer nlne eplsodes from
Lhe 8ook of Cenesls dlvlded lnLo Lhree groups Cods CreaLlon of Lhe LarLh Cods CreaLlon of
Pumanklnd and Lhelr fall from Cods grace and lasLly Lhe sLaLe of PumanlLy as represenLed by noah
and hls famlly Cn Lhe pendenLlves supporLlng Lhe celllng are palnLed Lwelve men and women who
prophesled Lhe comlng of Lhe !esus 1hey are seven propheLs of lsrael and flve Slbyls propheLlc women
of Lhe Classlcal world



wbom l embtoceJ lo wbom my sool oow llves

a
g
e

|

4
r
t
i
s
t
o

r
i
n
o
s
c
i
m
e
n
t
o
/
e


Sotto api Neuici

In 1S13 ope !ullus ll dled and hls successor ope Leo x of Lhe Medlcl famlly commlssloned
Mlchelangelo Lo reconsLrucL Lhe faade of Lhe 8aslllca of San Lorenzo ln llorence and Lo adorn lL wlLh
sculpLures Mlchelangelo agreed relucLanLly 1he Lhree years Mlchelangelo spenL ln creaLlng drawlngs
and models for Lhe faade as well as aLLempLlng Lo open a new marble quarry aL leLrasanLa speclflcally
for Lhe pro[ecL were among Lhe mosL frusLraLlng ln hls career as work was abrupLly canceled by hls
flnanclally sLrapped paLrons before any real progress had been made 1he baslllca lacks a faade Lo Lhls
day

ApparenLly noL Lhe leasL embarrassed by Lhls LurnabouL Lhe Medlcl laLer came back Lo
Mlchelangelo wlLh anoLher grand proposal Lhls Llme for a famlly funerary chapel ln Lhe 8aslllca of San
Lorenzo lorLunaLely for posLerlLy Lhls pro[ecL occupylng Lhe arLlsL for much of Lhe 1320s and 1330s
was more fully reallzed

ln 1327 Lhe llorenLlne clLlzens encouraged by Lhe sack of 8ome Lhrew ouL Lhe Medlcl and
resLored Lhe republlc A slege of Lhe clLy ensued and Mlchelangelo wenL Lo Lhe ald of hls beloved
llorence by worklng on Lhe clLys forLlflcaLlons from 1328 Lo 1329 1he clLy fell ln 1330 and Lhe Medlcl
were resLored Lo power CompleLely ouL of sympaLhy wlLh Lhe represslve relgn of Lhe ducal Medlcl
Mlchelangelo lefL llorence for good ln Lhe mld1330s leavlng asslsLanLs Lo compleLe Lhe Medlcl chapel






wbom l embtoceJ lo wbom my sool oow llves

a
g
e

|

4
r
t
i
s
t
o

r
i
n
o
s
c
i
m
e
n
t
o
/
e


ltimi Lavoii a Roma

@he fresco of 1he LasL !udgmenL on Lhe alLar wall of Lhe SlsLlne Chapel was commlssloned by
ope ClemenL vll who dled shorLly afLer asslgnlng Lhe commlsslon aul lll was lnsLrumenLal ln seelng
LhaL Mlchelangelo began and compleLed Lhe pro[ecL Mlchelangelo labored on Lhe pro[ecL from 1334 Lo
CcLober 1341 1he work ls masslve and spans Lhe enLlre wall behlnd Lhe alLar of Lhe SlsLlne Chapel 1he
LasL !udgmenL ls a deplcLlon of Lhe second comlng of ChrlsL and Lhe apocalypse where Lhe souls of
humanlLy rlse and are asslgned Lo Lhelr varlous faLes as [udged by ChrlsL surrounded by Lhe SalnLs ln
LhaL work Lhe poslLlon of Lhe flgure of ChrlsL appears Lo pay LrlbuLe Lo LhaL of Melozzos ChrlsL ln Lhe
Ascenslon of our Lord once ln Lhe SanLl AposLoll now ln Lhe Culrlnal alace
Cnce compleLed Lhe deplcLlon of ChrlsL and Lhe vlrgln Mary naked was consldered sacrlleglous
and Cardlnal Carafa and Monslgnor Sernlnl (ManLuas ambassador) campalgned Lo have Lhe fresco
removed or censored buL Lhe ope reslsLed AfLer Mlchelangelos deaLh lL was declded Lo obscure Lhe
genlLals (lcLura ln Cappella Apca cooprlanLur) So uanlele da volLerra an apprenLlce of Mlchelangelo
was commlssloned Lo cover wlLh perlzomas (brlefs) Lhe genlLals leavlng unalLered Lhe complex of
bodles When Lhe work was resLored ln 1993 Lhe conservaLors chose noL Lo remove all Lhe perlzomas of
uanlele leavlng some of Lhem as a hlsLorlcal documenL and because some of Mlchelangelo's work was
prevlously scraped away by Lhe Louchup arLlsLs appllcaLlon of decency" Lo Lhe masLerplece A falLhful
uncensored copy of Lhe orlglnal by Marcello venusLl can be seen aL Lhe CapodlmonLe Museum of
naples


Mlchelangelo deslgned Lhe dome of SL eLers 8aslllca alLhough lL was unflnlshed when he
dled
Censorshlp always followed Mlchelangelo once descrlbed as lnvenLor delle porcherle
(lnvenLor of obscenlLles ln Lhe orlglnal lLallan language referrlng Lo pork Lhlngs) 1he lnfamous flg
leaf campalgn of Lhe CounLer8eformaLlon almlng Lo cover all represenLaLlons of human genlLals ln

wbom l embtoceJ lo wbom my sool oow llves

a
g
e

|

4
r
t
i
s
t
o

r
i
n
o
s
c
i
m
e
n
t
o
/
e


palnLlngs and sculpLures sLarLed wlLh Mlchelangelos works 1o glve Lwo examples Lhe marble sLaLue of
CrlsLo della Mlnerva (church of SanLa Marla sopra Mlnerva 8ome) was covered by added drapery as lL
remalns Loday and Lhe sLaLue of Lhe naked chlld !esus ln Madonna of 8ruges (1he Church of Cur Lady ln
8ruges 8elglum) remalned covered for several decades Also Lhe plasLer copy of Lhe uavld ln Lhe CasL
CourLs (vlcLorla and AlberL Museum) ln London has a flg leaf ln a box aL Lhe back of Lhe sLaLue lL was
Lhere Lo be placed over Lhe sLaLues genlLals so LhaL Lhey would noL upseL vlslLlng female royalLy
ln 1346 Mlchelangelo was appolnLed archlLecL of SL eLers 8aslllca ln Lhe vaLlcan and
deslgned lLs dome As SL eLers was progresslng Lhere was concern LhaL Mlchelangelo would pass away
before Lhe dome was flnlshed Powever once bulldlng commenced on Lhe lower parL of Lhe dome Lhe
supporLlng rlng Lhe compleLlon of Lhe deslgn was lnevlLable Mlchelangelo dled ln 8ome aL Lhe age of
88 (Lhree weeks before hls 89Lh blrLhday) Pls body was broughL back from 8ome for lnLermenL aL Lhe
8aslllca of SanLa Croce fulfllllng Lhe maesLros lasL requesL Lo be burled ln hls beloved 1uscany