9.

()
.
. .
.
.
- .
-
.
,
:
:
:

9.1
.
, .

, ( )

, time() .
9 , .

,
, .
(A)
(M)
T (S)

 T-
.
T
time() ,
(Test Value) 9 .

(Options) 95% .

: 95%

95% .
.
.

[]

() 0.190 0.05 , ( ).
9 . (9)
(9.82) 95% , [-0.41 ~ 2.05] .
0 .

, T-

, .
, (samlple mean)
(sample error) . ,
. T-
, , ( ; -)
.

 ( 5%)
.
T- 2 T- 2 T- .

9.2
T-
(A)
(M)
T (T)
(gender) (total) .

total(
) , (Test
Variable) , (Grouping
Variable) gender()
.

[(D)]
, Group : 1 Group : 2
. , .

. gender() Group : 1
1(), Group : 2 2()
, .

(Use specified values)

1 2
.

(Cut point)

, ,
.

[]

: 50, 3381.74, 2133.056, 301.660
: 42, 4232.79, 1928.716, 297.607
gender() 1, 1850, 3381.74
2133.056 301.660. ,

. .

[Levene : F=1.336, : 0.251]

T-
, . Levene ,
F .

F 1.336 = 0.251>0.05
, T- .
[ : -851.046]

-851.046(-1700.371, -1.721). () = 0.05 0.05,

.

, -851.046 .
95% [-1700.371, -1.721]. 0

9.3
-
-
-
-
: . T-(Paired
samples t-test) .
.
10 ,
?

1
70
68

2
62
62

3
54
50

4
82
75

5
75
76

6
64
57

7
58
60

8
57
53

9
80
74

10
63
60

T-
(A)
(M)
T (P)

(before,
after) (Current Selections)

Variable 1 : after
Variable 2 : before
.
(Paired Variable) `after-before'
.

(Paired Samples Statistics) ,

 66.5Kg, 63.5Kg 3Kg

.

(Paired Samples Correlations) 0.944 .

3Kg(66.50-63.50) 3.23Kg,
1.02. 95% [0.69, 5.31], 0
. T- Sig = 0.017 < 0.05
, 0.05 .
.
- .
,
.
. .
,
.

 1] 15 .
, 40 5%
.
22 25 34 35 41 41 46 46 46 47 49 54 54 59 60

2] .
20 , 10 ,
, . 2
. .

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

70
68
82
78
72
68
67
68
88
60

11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

60
65
55
58
67
59
61
68
77
66

3] 16 ,
.
.

1
75
80

2
83
90

3
96
92

4
77
75

5
81
86

6
90
90

7
82
81

8
67
70

9
94
89

10
85
88

11
78
82

12
82
79

13
96
91

14
80
90

15
87
78

16
81
89

10.
.
,
.

.
-
; , ,
(Analysis of Variance : AVONA) .
.
,
, . (factor) .
(factor level) (treatment) .
, , , .
.
(one-way ANOVA) .
(two-way ANOVA)
. .

10.1
1) .

:
: .

(SS)

(DF)

(MS)

(F) , . F
.
2) ,
.

, .

10.2
.
(A)
(M)
(O)

(total)
, (Dependent List)
, (location)
(Factor) .

, 5
.

(Post Hoc Multiple Comparisons)
(Multiple Comparisons) .

`Brown-Forsythe' `Welch'
.

[ : ]

(, , , , ) (N),
(Mean), (Std.Deviation), (Std. Error), 95% (95% Confidence Interval for
Mean) .
[ : ]

.
Levene . Levene 0.304 P=0.874 > 0.05
. .
[ : ]

 . (Between groups) 4( -1 ) , (Within

groups) 87( - ).
, F .
F F(4, 87, 0.05) 2.48, F = 4.009 > 3.35,
. F , F p =
0.005 < 0.05 . .
.
[ : - ]

Bonferroni 0.05 , ,
.

[ : ]

.

. ,
.

10.3
(two-way ANOVA) 2 ()
. .
, .
, .
, .
,
, .
.
(A)
(G)
(U)

(dependent Variable)
(total) , (Fixed Factors)
(location) (gender) .

 , (Random Factors), (Covariate), WLS (WLS Weight)

.

WLS

.
0, , .

1) (Model)

(Custom) ,

(location), (gender) ,
(Build Term)
. (Sum of squares) III
(Type III) .

2)

(Horizontal Axis) (location)

(Seperate Lines)
(gender) , (Plot)
(Add) .

3)

(location), (gender)
LSD(Least
Significant Different, ) .

4)

(Descriptive

Statistics)

(Homogeneity tests) .

[ : ]

3770.26
92. (location)
1() 5198.63,
2() 3335.44
. (gender)
3381.74, 4232.79
.

[ ]


.
Levene
0.787 , = 0.629 > =0.05
.
[ ]

(location) F = 4.444, = 0.003 ,

(gender) F = 5.481, = 0.022
. , .
R ( )
.

, .

location gender (2-Way Interaction) , 0.05
. .
[ ]

(I) (J) (I-J)

1863.19,
0.004
. ,
0.002, 0.001
.

[ : ]

.

.
.