The steeper the line is, the greater the value of the gradient.

m>0

m<0

m=0

m undefined

x-intercepty is the y-intercept 1 intersection 1 intersection x-coordinate where the y-coordinate (0, y) straight line crosses x x (x, 0) the x-axis. y-axis.
y

y=0 x=0
(x, 0)

y
2 intersections (0, y) 2 intersections

y
(0, y)

(x, 0)

4 3

2
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

x-intercept = y-intercept =

6
3

4 3 2 1 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1

1 2

x-intercept = y-intercept =

-4
2

Try these.
Draw straight lines the passes through these pairs of points then determine the x-intercept and y-intercept.

a) K (-8, 0) and L (0, -3) b) P (-2, -1) and Q (4, 2)

c) T (6, 1) and U (0, -5)

-8

-6

-4

-2

0
-1 -2

x-intercept = y-intercept =

-8
-3

-3

K (-8, 0) L (0, -3)

P (-2, -1) Q (4, 2)

y
2

-2

0 -2

x-intercept = y-intercept =

0
0

-4

T (6, 1) U (0, -5)

y
1 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6

-2
-3

-4
-5

x-intercept = 5 y-intercept = -5

4 3 y-intercept

2
1 0

x-intercept

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

x-intercept = y-intercept =

6
3

x-intercept = y-intercept =

-4

4 3 2 1

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1

1 2

Gradient =

m=1
-6 -4 -2

m=
2

m=

-2

m=3

x y

0 -2 4 0

x 0 -2 y -8 0

Try
x y

0 1

2 5 0

x y

0 4

-2 0

6 5 4 3

2 1
-2 -1 0 1

-2

-2 -4 -6
-8

x y

0 -8

-2 0

6 5 4 3 2 1 -1 0

x 0 -0.5 2 y 1 0 5
1 2

Y-intercept

gradient

Find the gradient and y-intercept for the following equations.

Find the equation given the gradient and the y-intercept.

Gradient = 3, y-intercept = 4

Gradient = -2, y-intercept = 1

Gradient = 8, line goes through point (0, -3) Gradient = -4, line goes through point (0, 5)

Any points that lie on the straight line satisfy the equation.

L.H.S = y = 7 R.H.S = 2x + 4 = 2(2) + 4 = 8 L.H.S

(2, 7) does not lie on y = 2x + 4.

~ Homework ~

Skills Practice 5.3 b Q 1, 4 Skills Practice 5.4 b Q d, e, f Skills Practice 5.4 c Q 2, 3 Skills Practice 5.4 d Q c, f, i, l

(Pg 125)
(Pg 128) (Pg 129) (Pg 130)