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Abstract
This guide helps you get started with Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 by providing information about its features, hardware requirements, and how to set up and manage it. For more information about Hyper-V Server 2008 R2, see the Microsoft Hyper-V Server Web site (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=129170). This document is also available in an online format (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=158005).
Copyright information
Information in this document, including URL and other Internet Web site references, is subject to change without notice. Unless otherwise noted, the companies, organizations, products, domain names, e-mail addresses, logos, people, places, and events depicted in examples herein are fictitious. No association with any real company, organization, product, domain name, e-mail address, logo, person, place, or event is intended or should be inferred. Complying with all applicable copyright laws is the responsibility of the user. Without limiting the rights under copyright, no part of this document may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise), or for any purpose, without the express written permission of Microsoft Corporation. Microsoft may have patents, patent applications, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property rights covering subject matter in this document. Except as expressly provided in any written license agreement from Microsoft, the furnishing of this document does not give you any license to these patents, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property. 2009 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Hyper-V, Windows, Windows Vista, and Windows Server are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. All other trademarks are property of their respective owners.
Contents
Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 Getting Started Guide..............................................................1 Abstract....................................................................................................................................1 Copyright information......................................................................................................................2 Contents..........................................................................................................................................3 Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 Getting Started Guide..............................................................4 New Features..................................................................................................................................4 Virtualization Platform Comparison.................................................................................................5 Setting Up Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2008 R2................................................................................7 Review Prerequisites for Installation...............................................................................................7 Processor....................................................................................................................................8 Memory........................................................................................................................................8 Network adapters........................................................................................................................8 Additional considerations.............................................................................................................8 Install Hyper-V Server 2008 R2......................................................................................................8 Configure Hyper-V Server 2008 R2.............................................................................................9 Manage Hardware and Drivers.....................................................................................................10 Adding hardware.......................................................................................................................10 Configure Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 for Remote Management......................................................11 Manage Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 Remotely.................................................................................12 Configure Virtual Networks...........................................................................................................14 Configure and Manage Failover Clustering...................................................................................14 Additional References...................................................................................................................15
New Features
Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (SP1) contains the same virtualization feature set as the Hyper-V role in Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1. Some of the features included in Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 SP1 are: Dynamic Memory: Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 SP1 introduces Dynamic Memory as a new feature to help use physical host memory more efficiently to potentially achieve higher virtual machine densities. RemoteFX: Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 SP1 includes RemoteFX as a new feature to deliver a rich desktop environment within virtual machines. It provides a 3D virtual adapter as well as the ability to redirect USB devices in virtual machines. Live migration: Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 includes support for live migration. Live migration enables customers to move running virtual machines from one host to another without service interruptions. Failover clustering: Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 includes host clustering technology to enable support for unplanned downtime. With live migration and failover clustering, customers receive high availability and dynamic migration capabilities for planned and unplanned downtimes. Processor and memory support: Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 supports up to 8-socket physical systems and provides support for up to 64 cores. In addition, Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 supports up to 1 TB of RAM on a physical system. Updated Server Configuration tool: The Server Configuration tool is designed to simplify the most common configuration tasks. It helps you configure the initial settings without having to type command-line strings. In Hyper-V Server 2008, this utility is called Hyper-V Configuration Utility (HVConfig). In Hyper-V Server 2008 R2, this tool is called the Server Configuration tool (SConfig.cmd). It is included in Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 and in the Server Core installation option of Windows Server 2008 R2. Two configuration options are available
only when you run the Server Configuration tool on a server running Hyper-V Server 2008 R2: An option to have the Server Configuration tool start automatically every time you log on to a computer running Hyper-V Server with the Administrator account An option to configure failover clustering
For a detailed feature and support comparison between Hyper-V Server 2008, Hyper-V Server 2008 R2, and Windows Server 2008 R2, see the Virtualization Platform Comparison section.
Capabilities
x64-based Yes processor architecture only Hypervisorbased Product type Number of sockets (licensing) Yes Stand-alone product Up to 4
Yes
Yes
64
64
Capabilities
Command line, text-based configuration tool, and remote GUI management (with Remote Server Administration Tools or a Full installation of Windows Server 2008 R2)
Command line, text-based configuration tool, and remote GUI management (with Remote Server Administration Tools or a Full installation of Windows Server 2008 R2 ) Existing management tools Yes
Command line, text-based configuration tool, remote management, and local GUI (Hyper-V Manager MMC)
Management
Manageable by System Center Virtual Machine Manager Virtualization rig hts for Windows Server guest virtual machines
Yes (Virtual Machine Manager 2008 and Virtual Machine Manager 2008 R2) 0
(Virtual Machine (Virtual Machine Manager 2008 Manager 2008 R2) R2) 0 4 virtual machines (Enterprise) Unlimited virtual machines (Datacenter)
Capabilities
virtual processors
logical processors
logical processors
Hyper-V Server 2008 and Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 also provide the following support: Storage Direct-attached storage: You can use Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA), external Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (eSATA), Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment (PATA), Serial Attached SCSI (SAS), SCSI, and Firewire. Storage area networks (SANs): You can use Internet SCSI (iSCSI), Fibre Channel, and SAS technologies. Guest operating system support See article 954958 in the Microsoft Knowledge Base (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/? LinkId=157981).
Processor
Minimum: An x64-based processor with hardware-assisted virtualization. This is available in processors that include a virtualization optionspecifically, processors with Intel Virtualization Technology (Intel VT) or AMD Virtualization (AMD-V) technology. Hardware-enforced Data Execution Prevention (DEP) must be available and enabled. Specifically, you must enable the Intel XD (execute disable) bit or the AMD NX (no execute) bit.
Memory
Minimum: 1 GB RAM; recommended: 2+ GB RAM Maximum: 1 TB
Network adapters
Minimum: 1 Recommended: 2 or more
Additional considerations
The settings for hardware-assisted virtualization and hardware-enforced DEP are available in the BIOS. However, the names of the settings may differ from the names identified previously. For more information about whether a specific processor model supports Hyper-V, check with the manufacturer of the computer. If you modify the settings for hardware-assisted virtualization or hardware-enforced DEP, you may need to turn off the power to the computer and then turn it back on. Restarting the computer may not apply the changes to the settings.
5. In the next screen, specify the location where you want Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 to be installed, and then click Next. 6. As the installation proceeds, the computer will restart several times. When the installation is complete, you will have the opportunity to set up the Administrator account. Click OK. 7. Type a strong password for the Administrator account, confirm it, and then press ENTER. 8. When you see the message Your password has been changed, click OK.
The Server Configuration tool is also available in Server Core installations of Windows Server 2008 R2, although the options available in the tool are slightly different in that environment. The majority of the options in the Server Configuration tool are documented in the Server Core Installation Option Getting Started Guide (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/? LinkID=134202). Two options appear only when you run the Server Configuration tool in Hyper-V Server 2008 R2: 10) Do not display this menu at login 11) Failover Clustering Feature
Option 10 simply allows you to control whether or not the Server Configuration tool automatically starts whenever you log on to the computer with an account in the Administrators group. To enable or disable failover clustering, type 11 and press ENTER. The tool will show the current status of failover clustering.
See the Command Reference for a complete collection of all command-line operations and options (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=132012). Because there is no user interface, Hyper-V Server is designed to be managed remotely in the following ways: Using Hyper-V Manager from Remote Server Administration Tools (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=130862) Using the Hyper-V Manager Microsoft Management Console (MMC) snap-in from a server running Windows Server 2008 R2 Using System Center Virtual Machine Manager R2
Adding hardware
To add hardware 1. Follow the instructions provided by the hardware vendor for installing the hardware. If the driver is already included in Hyper-V Server 2008 R2, Plug and Play will start and install the driver. If the driver for the hardware is not included, proceed with the following steps. Note Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 uses the Windows Server driver model. Any drivers that work with Windows Server 2008 R2 will also work with Hyper-V Server 2008 R2. 2. Copy the driver files to a temporary folder on the server running Hyper-V Server 2008 R2. 3. At a command prompt, navigate to the folder where the temporary files are located, and then run the following command, where driverinf is the file name of the .inf file for the driver: Pnputil i a <driverinf> 4. If prompted, restart the computer. To obtain a list of drivers 1. At a command prompt, type: Sc query type= driver Note You must include the space after the equal sign for the command to complete successfully.
To disable a device driver 1. At a command prompt, type the following, where service_name is the name of the service you obtained in the previous procedure: Sc delete <service_name>
To configure Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 for remote management 1. If it is not already running, start the Server Configuration tool by typing Sconfig.cmd in a command prompt and pressing ENTER. 2. If the account you have used to log on to the computer is already in the Domain Administrators group, skip to the next step. If the account you have used to log on to the computer is not in the Domain Administrators group, add the account to the Administrators group by typing 3 and pressing ENTER. 3. Type the domain name and user name and press ENTER. For example, type: domain\domain user. 4. Click OK. 5. In the Server Configuration tool, configure remote management by typing 4 and pressing ENTER. 6. Select any of the following remote management methods. These options are not exclusiveyou can enable any or all of them by repeating this step. For remote management, you should enable all of them. Allow MMC Remote Management a. Type 1 to enable MMC Remote Management. b. A message appears that says: Enabling MMC firewall exceptions and Virtual Disk Service. c. When the process is complete, the following message appears: "Remote Management allowed for
all Windows Firewall profiles. Click OK. Enable Windows PowerShell a. Type 2 to enable Windows PowerShell. b. When the process is complete, the following message appears: You must restart the computer to complete the Windows PowerShell installation. Restart now? Click Yes. Allow Server Manager Remote Management Note You must enable Windows PowerShell and restart the computer before you can enable Server Manager Remote Management. a. Type 3 to allow the computer to be managed by using Remote Server Manager. b. When the process is complete, the following message appears: Remote Server Management enabled. Click OK. 7. You may need to restart the computer to activate the option. 8. If the computer running Hyper-V Server is in a workgroup, see the Hyper-V Server home page for more information (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=158001).
Choose the option that is right for you, and then follow the steps that correspond with your choice.
Notes The Hyper-V Manager Microsoft Management Console (MMC) snap-in is automatically installed when the Hyper-V role is enabled on Full installations of Windows Server 2008 R2. If you will be using a computer with a 32-bit operating system to remotely manage a computer running Hyper-V Server that has failover clustering enabled, you must enable 32-bit support for failover clustering on the computer running Hyper-V Server. You can do this with the following command: dism /online /enable-feature /featurename: FailoverCluster-Core-WOW64
To manage from a Windows Server 2008 R2 computer 1. On the remote computer you will be managing Hyper-V Server from, enable the Hyper-V Manager MMC snap-in: On the Start menu, click Server Manager. 2. Right-click Features, and then click Add Features. 3. Under Remote Server Administration Tools, click Role Administration Tools, click Hyper-V Tools, and then click Next. 4. Click Install. 5. After the computer restarts, click the Start menu, click Administrative Tools, and then click Hyper-V Manager. 6. On the left side of the MMC window, click Hyper-V Manager. 7. From the Actions menu, click Connect to Server, select Another Computer, and then enter the name or IP address of the server that you want to connect to.
To manage from Windows 7 1. On the remote computer you will be managing Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 from, download and install the Hyper-V Manager MMC snap-in from Remote Server Administration Tools (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=130862). 2. After the computer restarts, click the Start menu, click Administrative Tools, and then click Hyper-V Manager. 3. On the left side of the MMC window, click Hyper-V Manager. 4. From the Actions menu, click Connect to Server, select Another Computer, and then enter the name or IP address of the server that you want to connect to. To manage Hyper-V Server remotely from Microsoft System Center Virtual Machine Manager, see the Virtual Machine Manager content (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=129168).
Note You can mix Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 nodes with nodes running Server Core installations of Windows Server 2008 R2. That is, a cluster can contain nodes of both kinds.
Additional References
Microsoft Hyper-V Server Web site (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=129170) Microsoft System Center Virtual Machine Manager Web site (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=129168)