A Timeline of the Occult and Divinatory Tarot from 1750 to 1980

CollectedbyMaryK.Greer withassistancefrom LolaLucas,K.FrankJensen,Cerulean

Retreivedfrom http://www.tarotpassages.com/mkgtimeline.htm andtheAeclecticTarotForumon13/5/2010 NoctPress2010

A Timeline of the Occult and Divinatory Tarot from 1750 to 1980

c.1735 The Square of Sevens by Robert Antrobus:Genuine Gypsy Card reading claims to be a reprint of a 1735 tome with a second edition in 1896. 1735 dateisapocryphal. Manuscript (discovered by Franco Pratesi in the late 1980s), that lists cartomantic interpretations for 35 Bolognese tarocchi cards along with a rudimentary method of laying them out. A sheet of 35 Bolognese cards (trumps and number cards) are labeled with simple divinatory meanings such as journey, betrayal, married man, love. A later deck ofdouble headed Bolognese cards from the 1820s are labeled both top and bottom withdivinatorymeanings,showingacontinuityofuse. Etteilla stated that he learned the art of telling fortunes with playing cards from three cartomancers, one of whom hailed from Piedmont in northern Italy. In 1757 his Piedmontese teacher led him to the tarot, declaring that thesecardscontainedthesecretsofallthewisdomoftheancients.[Huson, TheTrueTarot,recentlyrepublishedasMysticalOriginsoftheTarot]. Three persons in Paris were publicly known as offering their services for divinationbyplayingcards.Thepracticespreaduntilacryofsacrilegewas raised and was stopped by officialdom. [p 160 W. H. Willshire. 1876. A descriptive catalogue of playing and other cards in the British Museum. (reprinted1975byEmmering,Amsterdam)] Etteilla claimed that his Piedmontese (Italian) teacher first taught him the Tarotinthisyear. Nicolas Convers Tarot de Marseillestyle cards engraved and printed. (ReproducedbyHouseofCamoininthe1968.) According to Casanova, his Russian peasant mistress would read the cards everydaylayingthemoutinasquareoftwentyfivecards. JeanBaptiste Alliette (17381791 publishes the first treatise on fortune telling with playing cards: Etteilla, ou maniere de se r cr r avec un jeu de cartespartM***(Etteilla,oraWaytoEntertainOneselfwithaPackofCards by Mr***) which includes reversed meanings for the 32 cards. He mentions lesTarauxinalistofmethodsoffortunetelling[WickedPack,p.83]. AccordingtoEtteillatheBookofThothhadbeenengravedforposterityby seventeenHermeticadepts,priestsofThoth,onplatesofgold171yearsafter the Great Flood, and that these plates had been the prototypes for tarot cards.[Huson,TheTrueTarot(recentlyrepublishedasMysticalOriginsofthe Tarot.]

c.1750

c.1750

17511753

1757 1760 1765 1770

1770

Krata Repoaor Initiations into the ancient society of Egyptian priests, published in German (by Von Kppen) as a revelation of a new branch of Freemasonry. Its rituals were clearly based on translations of Graeco Egyptian texts. (See MP Hall Freemasonry of the Ancient Egyptians.) A later edition appeared in French in 1778. Dr. John Yarker published the first English edition in a Masonic Journal, The Kneph. Blavatsky claimed it was based on The Ritual of Initiations by Humberto Malhandrini, published in Venicein1657. Inthespringof1770,theyoungGoethe,atthistime20yearsofage,wentto Strasburg in the Alsace to continue his studies at the university. There he witnessedandhimselfhadareadingoftheplayingcardsbyanoldwoman. Count Cagliostro (174395) appears in London and Paris with his Egyptian MasonicRite. American Declaration of Independence and beginning of the American Revolution. FoundingoftheIlluminati(?) CagliostroissaidtohaveinventedhisschemeofEgyptianMasonry,which would become known as the Egyptian Rite of Freemasonry (see 1782). He claims to have discovered a mysterious document in a London bookstall, writtenbyaGeorgeCofton. Volume 5 of Antoine Court de Gbelins Le Monde Primitif contains an EtymologicalDictionaryoftheFrenchLanguageinwhichtheoldfashioned form of the word, Tarraux, is listed as a Game of cards well known in Germany, Italy and Switzerland. It is an Egyptian game, as we shall demonstrateoneday;itsnameiscomposedoftwoOrientalwords,Tarand Rha,Rho,whichmeanroyalroad. The American Revolution ends October 19th. Uranus, first planet to be discovered since Babylonian prehistory, identified March 31 by William Herschel.RussiasCatherinetheGreatandHolyRomanEmperorJosefIIspilt theBalkans.LosAngelesisfoundedinCaliforniabySpanishsettlers.Kants Critique of Pure Reason and Gibbons Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. Mozartiscomposing. 8th volume of Le Monde Primitif by Court de Gbelin, claiming Egyptian originofTarot,asabookofwisdom.IncludesanessaybyleComtedeM*** [Mellet]whichexplainshowtousethecardsfordivination.DeGbelinsays thereare22Trumpsjustasthereare22Hebrewletters.LeComtedeMellet gives only the following correspondences (based on the cards running in a descendingorder):TheSun=Gimel(signifyingrecompenseorhappiness); TheDevil=Zain(inconstancy,errororcrime);Death=Teth(theactionof

1770

1771 1776 1776 1777

1778

1781

1781

sweeping); Fortune = Lamed (law or science); The Fool = Tau . We can assume that The World = Aleph, Judgment = Beth, etc. De Mellet also uses these significances for divinatory purposes. It is de Mellet also who first changescoinstotalismans(pantacles)whichislaterdevelopedbyliphas Lvi. AccordingtoCourtdeGbelinthecardswere: LeFou LeJoueurdeGobelets(Thimblerigger),ouBateleur(Juggler, Montebank) ChefsTemporels&SpirituelsdelaSocit II Roi III Reine IV GrandPrtre(ChefdesHirophantes) V GrandePrtresse VI LeMariage VII OsirisTriomphant PlancheV.No.VIII,XI,XII,XIIII:LesquatreVERTUSCardinales XI LaForce[comingtotheaidofPrudence.Moakley] XIIII LaTemprance. VIII LaJustice XII LaPrudence IX LeSageouleChercheurdelaVrit&duJuste.[SeekingJustice. Moakley] XIX LeSoleil XVIII LaLune(TearsofIsis).CreationoftheMoon&TerrestrialAnimals XVII LaCanicule(Dogstar)Sirius(Sothis).CreationoftheStars&Fishes XIII LaMort XV Typhon XVI MaisonDieu,ouChteaudePlutus.[HouseofGodoverturned,with manandwomanprecipitatedfromtheearthlyParadise.Moakley] X LaRouedeFortune PlancheVIII XX LeJugementDernier(LastJudgment)ouLaCration X LeTemsouleMonde,reprsenreroitleGlobedelaTerre&ses rvolutions.[MoakleysaysTheWord] 1782 Etteilla applies to the Royal censor to publish Cartonomanie Egiptienne, ou interpr taton de 78 hieroglipes qui sont sur les cartes nomm es Tarots (EgyptianCartonomania,orInterpretationofthe78hieroglyphswhichareon thecardscalledTarots).Heisrefused. CagliostrofoundshisEgyptianRiteLodgecombinedwithaprivatetempleof Isis at which Cagliostro is High Priest. His researches consist of a body of 0 I

1782

knowledgeknownastheArcanaArcanorum,orA.A.,andbasinghisinternal alchemyonTantriktechniquesfromGermanRosicrucianlodges. 178386 PublicationofEtteillasManiredesercreravecleJeudeCartesnommes Tarots(AwaytoentertainoneselwiththepackofcardscalledTarots)infour parts.Heclaimsitwasdevisedbyacommitteeofseventeenmagi,presided over by Hermes Trismegistus nearly 4,000 years before. The first copy was inscribed on leaves of gold which were disposed about a fire temple at Memphis. [3Ds, pp. 8385] His recreation of the deck has the first 12 cards basedonthecreationmythsintheDivinePymander,andonastrology,ashe feltTarotcouldbeconsultedinanastrologicalmanner. PublicationofthefirstEtteilladeck.AvailableastheGrandEtteilladeckfrom Grimaudsince1982.TheTrumpsandallastrologicalcorrespondencesareas follows: 1 EtteillaLeConsultant(Male).Aries.Papussaysthisisspecialtothe TarotofEtteillaI'dmakeittheBateleur,asdoesEdmond 2 Eclaircissement(Enlightenment/Fire).Taurus.Papus:Sun 3 Propos(Discussion/Water).Gemini.Papus:Moon 4 Dpouillement(Loss/Air).Cancer.Papus:Star 5 Voyage(Travel/Earth).Leo.Papus:World 6 Nuit(Night/Day).Virgo.Papus:EmpressI'dmakeitthePopess 7 Appui(Support/Protection).Libra.Papus:Emperor 8 EtteillaLeConsultante(Female).Scorpio.Papus:PopessI'dmakeitthe Empress 9 LaJustice(Justice/Jurist).Sagittarius.Papus:Justice 10 LaTemprance(Temperance/Priest).Capricorn.Papus:Temperance 11 LaForce(Strength/Monarch).Aquarius.Papus:Force,i.e.,Strength 12 LaPrudence(Prudence/TheMasses).Pisces.Papus:HangedMan 13 Mariage(Marriage/Union).Papus:Lovers 14 ForceMajeure(AbsoluteNecessity/AbsoluteNecessity).Papus:Devil 15 Maladie(Illness/Illness).Papus:BateleurI'dmakeitthePopeitshows thesamepersonasperformedtheMarriage(inbishop'sfishhat)holding awandoveranaltartablewithram'sheadsonthecorners;oneofthe reversedmeaningsisMage. 16 Jugement(Judgment/Judgment).Papus:Judgment 17 Mortalit(Death/Nothingness).Papus:Death 18 Tratre(Traitor/Traitor).Papus:Hermit 19 DtresseorMisere(Poverty/Prison).Papus:Tower 20 Fortune(Fortune/Raise).Papus:WheelofFortune 21 Dissension(Disagreement/Disagreement).Papus:Chariot 68 TenofCoins=PartofFortune 69 NineofCoins=SouthNode 70 EightofCoins=NorthNode 71 SevenofCoins=Saturn

1789

72 SixofCoins=Jupiter 73 FiveofCoins=Mars 74 FourofCoins=Moon 75 ThreeofCoins=Venus 76 TwoofCoins=Mercury 77 AceofCoins=Sun 1789 1789 1791 Cagliostro arrested in Rome and condemned to death as a heretic (the sentenceiscommutedandhediesinprisonin1795). BeginningoftheFrenchRevolution.StormingoftheBastille14July. Etteilla dies. Publication of Dictionnaire Synonimique du Livre de Thot (Thesaurus of the Book of Thoth) by Anonymous, but possibly a pupil of Etteillas,retiredarmyofficerleChevalierPierreJosephJoubertdelaSalette. (Decker, et al, and Huson, The True Tarot, recently republished as The MysticalOriginsoftheTarot]. French copperplate deck with 21 extant cards, called by Kaplan, the GrandprtreTarot.ItappearstobethefirstdeckusingthetitlesHighPriest and High Priestess: Le grandprtre and La grandprtresse. La prudence replaces the Hanged Man and shows him upright. Card XV is untitled but depictstheFoolinsteadoftheDevil(orcouldbeacombination).[Kaplan,ii, p.194]. ...majorwritersofcartomancyinsistedthepropercardstouseforthiswere Tarots....threevarieties:GermanTarots,ItalianTarots(notproducedinItaly but a traditional form used in France and elsewhere) such as the Tarot de Marseille, Tarot de Besancon and Belgian with Italian suit signs, Egyptian TarotsbywhichwasmeantEtteilla'scardsandothersinthattradition.Until 1889, when French writers on cartomancy deigned to notice the first two varietiesofTarots,theyinvariablyinsistedthatonlytheEgyptianonesare suitableforforetellingthefuture[DeckerandDummett] LeGrandEtteillaouLArtdeTirerlesCartesbyJuliaOrsini(Paris). MelchiorMontmignonDOdoucetissuesthethreevolumeSciencedesSignes, oumdecinedelesprit,connuesouslenomdetirerlescartes,(TheScienceof Signs,ormedicineforthemind,knownunderthenameofcarddrawing),based on the work of Etteilla. This lays the ground work for Minor Arcana interpretations today. [Huson, The True Tarot, recently republished as The MysticalOriginsoftheTarot] EliphasLeviborn:revolutionary,expriest,magician,scholar.Dies1875. PaulChristianborn.Realname:JeanBaptistePitois.Dies1877.

late18thc?

c.1800 18041807

1810 1811

1814 1826

Les Souvenirs Prophtiques dUne Sibylle, Sur les Causes Scrtes de son Arrestation,Le11Dcembre1809byMlle.M.A.LeNormand(Paris). ParisianpublisherPierreMongierepublishesEtteillasoriginaldeckbutwith Freemasonic sounding titles on the cards. (now Grimauds Grand Etteilla Tarot). This version was printed from the original copper plates, which had been alteredtoerasethecornersymbols(butnotthenumbersofthecards)and add to most of the trumps, court cards and Aces new legends in cursive script, inside the frames of the pictorial designs, thus conferring on them nameswithaBiblicalorMasonicflavo,suchasHiram'sMasonry(card2), Solomon(card9),Rehoboam(card21)and'theCupofBalthasarcard49, the Ace of Cups)...The label goes on to advertise a book...The book...Almost thewholesectionofthebookdevotedtotheEgyptianTarotsisreprintedin anunattributedpamphletentitledGrandEtteillaissuedbyGrimaudwiththe version of Grand Etteilla I they have been producing for many years... [DeckerandDummett] Helena Blavatsky born 12 August just after midnight in the Ukraine. Dies 1891. KennethMackenzieborn31OctoberatDeptford. Grandlivre deThotdeckpublishedbySimonBlocquelavariationonthe Etteilla deck with a book by Julia Orsini called Le Grand Etteilla ou LArt de TirerlesCartes.(see1800). Jeu de la Princesse Tarot first published as book illustrations. Reprinted as CartomanziaItalianabyEdizionidelSolleonein1983.Thereisamuchbetter reprint of Jeu de la Princesse by ditions Dusserre, Paris, circa 19982001. Reprinted after the first edition issued by Charles Wattiliaux in 1860. Lo Scarabeohasareprinttoo. Foxsistersclaimspiritcommunication. MacGregor Mathers born January 8 at West Hackney. Possibly 10:56 am. GMT. The Dogmas & Ritual of High Magic (Doctrine and Literature of Transcendental Magic) by Eliphas Lvi. First identifies Yod/Fire/Batons; H/Water/Cups;V/Air/Swords;H/Earth/CoinsasperAgrippa(above). ArthurEdwardWaiteborn.Dies1942.

1831 1833 1838

1843

1848 1854 1854

1857

1857

LesRmes,histoirevraiedesvraisBohmiensbyJ.A.Vaillant(Paris).Studyof gypsies as descendents and carries of Hindustani wisdom, reinforcing their roleinTarotorigintheories. OswaldWirthborn.Dies1943. HistoiredelaMagiebyEliphasLvi(Paris). LeClefdesGrandsMystresbyEliphasLvi(Paris). December 3rd. Kenneth Mackenzie visits liphas Lvi in Paris. Tells him of his work with Tarot. Lvi shows Mackenzie a manuscript set of 21 cards + Fool according to the earliest authorities and drawn by his own hand. He wrote about his impressions of the occasion as An Account of What Passed between Eliphas Levi Zahed (Abb Constant), Occult Philosopher, and BAPHOMETUS (Kenneth R. H. Mackenzie), Astrologer and Spiritualist, in the CityofParis,December,1861forTheRosicrucian. An Etteilla IIIstyle Tarot deck is published in Russia with complete illustratedPips(thefirstever?).THEMYSTERIOUSBOOKTHOTHORANART OF FORTUNETELLING WITH 78 ANCIENT EGYPTIAN CARDS, WHICH SURVIVED THE FIRE OF THE FAMOUS ALEXANDRIA LIBRARY. MOSCOW, Bahmetev's Printing House, 1861. Photocopies provided and scanned by Sergey Davydov. Present whereabouts of deck is unknown. See James Revak'swebsite. L'hommerougedesTuileriesbyPaulChristian(JP.Pitois).Thisnoveltellsof anencounterbetweenNapoleonandaBenedictinemonkwhopossessesan occultmanuscript.SeemstobethefirstuseofthewordArcanainrelationto the cards (from Iamblichus). Describes seventyeight symbolic houses or pictorial keys, corresponding to the Tarot deck using Egyptian names and imagery. Virtually the same descriptions of the Arcana reappear in ChristianslaterworkHistoiredelamagie(1870).SeeMarkFilipas'website. Edmond Billaudot (182981), who Mlle Le Normand declared in her autobiographyashersuccessor,createdhisownhanddrawndeckinwhich he attempted to integrate the Etteilla I correspondences with the Tarot de Marseille and the descriptions and attributes given by Paul Christian in L'homme rouge des Tuileries (1863). These include the now standard continentalcorrespondencestotheHebrewletters.Thedeckitself(c.1865) waspublishedin1966byGrimaudastheGrandTarotBelline.SeeKostenko website. RobertChambers'BookofDays(Vol.1,p.281ff),givesthefolkloreofplaying cards based on fortunetelling techniques used by soldiers wives in the early 19th century British Empire. This seems to be the source of Waites interpretationsasGrandOrient.

1860 1860 1861 1861

1861

1863

c.1863+

1864

18651870

The78TarotsEgyptiensGrandjeudelOracledesDamesdeckappearsasa completely redrawn, Etteillastyle deck with many alterations. Sometimes calledEtteillaIII,itwasdesignedin1865byG.Regamey,reprintedasTarot EgyptienbyditionsDusserrein1985. TheHistoryofPlayingCardswithAnecdotesoftheirUseinConjuring,Fortune Telling,andCardSharpingbyRev.Ed.S.Taylor(London).(See1973reprint). Manuel Illustre de Cartomancie. LArt de Tirer Les Cartes Francais suivi du LivredeThotouJeudelaPrincesseTarotbyJ.Trismgiste(Paris). HistoiredelaMagiebyPaulChristian(JP.Pitois).Developmentoftheideas he popularized in his 1863 novel. Presented the Tarot as a mystery school teaching experienced as an extension of the Krata Repoa Egyptian Sphinx ritual(see1657;1770).Firstuseddecansinrelationto36NumberCards.His workwasplagiarizedfreelybyotherwriters:seeBurgoyneandtheHermetic BrotherhoodofLuxor(1883);andSaintGermain(1901).Itbecamethebasis fortheChurchofLightTarotmaterials(1918). WilliamCarpenter'sarticleinTheRosicrucian(January)mentionsthatLevi's books were very little known even among the members of our mystic and secretorders.Carpentermaybethesourceforthefirstprintedreferencein theEnglishlanguagetotheallegedoccultsignificanceoftheTarotcards. MaxTheonmadeGrandMasteroftheHermeticBrotherhoodofLuxor,Peter Davidson was the Order's frontal Chief. Blavatsky, Olcott, Barlet, Burgoyne and others of the time were numbered on its rolls and probably used their Egyptianized version of the Tarot (see 1883). Blavatsky soon severed ties withtheHBofL. FoundingoftheTheosophicalSocietybyMadamBlavatsky. AleisterCrowleyborn.Dies1947. A Descriptive Catalogue of Playing and Other Cards in the British Museum accompaniedbyaConciseGeneralHistoryoftheSubjectandRemarksonCards of Divination and of a PoliticoHistorical Character by William Hughes Willshire(London). IsisUnveiledbyHelenaBlavatsky(whousedalotofLvi) FriedaHarris(neMarguereteFriedaBloxam)borninLondon,England. The Taro by T. H. Burgoyne. This article appeared in a number of succeedingvolumesofThePlatonist,amonthlyperiodicaldevotedchieflyto the dissemination of the Platonic Philosophy in all its phases. This is

1865 1867 1870

1870

1873

1875 1875 1876

1877 1878 1883

essentially a ripoff of Paul Christians description of the Tarot cards (see 1870)andthebasisoftheHermeticBrotherhoodofLuxorsTarotteachings. 1884 1884 1885 1886 1887 1887 1887 FoundingoftheLondonTheosophicalSociety. Paul Foster Case born on October 3, 5:28 PM, in Perendor NY (now called Fairport).Diesin1954. Founding of the Hermetic Society by Anna Kingsford, and of the Dublin HermeticSociety,W.B.Yeatspresiding. KennethMackenziedies3July. KabbalahUnveiledtranslatedbyMacGregorMathers. TabulaBembinabyWilliamWynnWestcott(Bath). WestcottobtainspapersfromMrs.MackenzieandsoonafterasksMathersto help him write up rituals based on a cypher manuscript. Mackenzies wife was known as Sister Cryptonyma to Mackenzies Cryptonymus. MackenziecraftedmanyofthecoreritualsfortheSatBhai. TheTarot:ItsOccultSignification,UseinFortuneTelling,andMethodofPlay, Etc.byMacGregorMathers. Founding of the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn on March 1. (Anna Kingsforddiesonemonthearlier.) Founding of the Kabbalistic Rose+Croix by Stanislas de Guaita in Paris. MembersincludePladan,Papus,OswaldWirth.WirthsTarotdeckisbased ontheteachingsofdeGuaita. TheSecretDoctrinebyMadamBlavatsky. Guaita/Wirth deck. Oswald Wirths first deck, Les 22 Arcanes du Tarot Kabbalistique,publishedinaneditionof350copies.SubtitledDesignedfor the use of initiates by Oswald Wirth in accordance with the indications of Stanislas de Guaita. This was the first published set of occult Tarot cards other thanthose derivingfrom Etteilla. He revised the designin 1926. This firstversionisdistinguishedbyitsartnouveauborders. PapuspublishesTheTarotoftheBohemians.ContainsessaybyOswaldWirth andillustratedwithWirthsmajors. WilliamButlerYeatsinitiatedintoGDonMarch7. HelenaBlavatskydies.

1888 1888 1888

1888 1889

1889 1890 1891

1893 1896 1896

The Devils Picture Books: A History of Playing Cards by Mrs. John King Van Rensselaer(NY:Dodd,Mead,andCo.). TheMagicalRitualoftheSanctumRegnum,InterpretedbytheTarotTrumps byWilliamWynnWestcott. Falconnier/Wegenerdeck.PublicationofLesXXIIlameshermtiquesdutarot divinatoire by R. Falconnier. Here, for the first time, could be seen designs which truly mimicked Egyptian art based on the descriptions of Paul Christian (1870). The images were drawn by Maurice Otto Wegener and basedonthedetaileddescriptionsbyChristian(seealso1901).Thesearethe inspirationformostfutureEgyptianstyleTarotdecks. TheSquareofSevensbyRobertAntrobus.See1735. Aleister Crowley initiated into Golden Dawn on Nov. 26, taking the motto Perdurabo. The Mystic Rose from the Garden of the King by Sir Fairfax L. Cartwright (London: H.S. Nichols). Source for Blakeleys Mystical Tower of the Tarot (1974). TheGoldenDawnsplitsintomanyfactions. Practical Astrology by Edgar de ValcourtVermont published under the pseudonym of Comte C. de Saint Germain. (Reprint, see 1973.) Basically plagiarized material from Paul Christian (see 1870). Valcourts book reproduced the earlier illustrations by Falconnier Wegener (see 1896), adding designs for the Minor Arcana. Theonly difference between the Wegener designs and the ValcourtVermont reproductions is that Trump II (The Gate of the Sanctuary) was slightly redesigned. They are the basis for theChurchofLightTarot(1918).These78imageswerelaterpublishedasa deckin1978byAGMllerunderthenameEgyptianTarot.SeeMarkFilipas' website. AnnieHornimandoesTarotreadinginwhichshedecidestofinanceanIrish Theatre(theAbbeyTheatreinDublin). FoundingoftheOrdoTempliOrientisinGermany. Les Cartes Jouer du Quatorzime au Vingtime Sicle by HenryRen DAllemagne(Paris).Amajorandrareworkonthehistoryofplayingcards with3200reproductionsofcards. FoundingofCrowleysArgentiumAstrum.

1896 1898 1899

1900 1901

1903 1906? 1906

1907

1909

ManuelSynthtique&PratiqueduTarotbyEudesPicard(Paris:H.Daragon, Librairediteur). Original designs for the Minor Arcana. Sceptres = fire; Coins=Earth;Cups=Air;Swords=Water.Thenumberprogressionisbased onthepatternofvegetativegrowth. LeTarotDivinatoiredeckcreatedbyPapus&Goulinatdeckfirstpublished. First publication of the deck conceptualized by A.E. Waite, art by Pamela ColmanSmith, published by Rider & Co. London. The two editions were different regarding cardstock used and the pattern of the backs (roses and lilies and brown pebbles respectively). At least two further editions were printed before World War II which from 1972 onwards was licensed to US GamesSystemsInc. The first edition of Waite's cardsize book The Key to the Tarot was dated 1910,butaccompaniedthedeckin1909.AnewexpandededitionofTheKey appearedin1920andagainin1931. The Key to the Tarot by A.E. Waite, published as a book and deck set. The cards have a brown pebble backing. There is some indication that two editionswereprintedin1910thesecondonbettercardstockthanthefirst (?),Althoughthismightrefertothestandalonedeckin1909andthesetin 1910. Le Tarot Divinatoire: Clef du tirage des Cartes et des Sorts by Papus. Card interpretationsbasedonEtteillaandhisdiscipleDOdoucet(1804). The Tarot of the Bohemians: Absolute Key to Occult Science by Papus, translated by A. P. Morton. (for French original see 1889; many English editions,esp.1971). PierpontMorgan Library acquired the ViscontiSforza cards from a dealer namedHamburger. Waite's Pictorial Key to the Tarot is published with illustrations of all 78 cards. It is based upon the text from The Key to the Tarot but with new materialadded.Manylater,butnotalwaysfaithful,editionsappeared. IlDestinoSvelatodalTarocco,originallydesignedbyBrunoSigonin1912as anEgyptianbasedTrumpset,withaMilaneseMinorArcana.Republishedby Modianointhe1975asCartomanzia184,andinanEnglishversionin1981 underthetitleCagliostroTarot.Interpretivekeywordsatthetopandbottom oftheTrumpsarefromliphasLviandPaulChristian.(see1975,1981)See MarkFilipas'website. ADescriptionoftheCardsoftheTarot,withtheirAttributions;includinga MethodofDivinationbytheirUseinTheEquinox:TheOfficialOrganoftheA.

1909 1909Dec.

1910

1910

1910 1910

1911 1911

1912

1912

A., published by Aleister Crowley. This was a plagiarized version of the GoldenDawnmanuscriptBookT. 1912 1913 1913 1917 PropheticalEducationalandPlayingCardsbyMrs.JohnKingVanRensselaer (Philadelphia). RudolfSteinerfoundstheAnthroposophicalSociety. TheSymbolismoftheTarotbyP.D.Ouspensky(St.Petersburg:Trood). TheKeytotheUniverse:oraSpiritualInterpretationofNumbersbyHarriette AugustaCurtissandF.HomerCurtiss(SanFrancisco&WashingtonD.C.:The Curtiss Philosophic Book Co). Founders of the Order of Christian Mystics. (Many subsequent editions. (See 1923 for Vol. 2.) Reprinted 1983 by Newcastle.(IllustratedMajorsofRWS,Egyptian,Marseilles,Wirthdecks.) C.C.Zainfirstpublishesaseriesofinstructionalcourses,whichwereatthat timeillustratedwiththereproductionsfromPracticalAstrology(see1901). Contains the first English translation of Christians original Arcana descriptions translated in 1901 by Zains friend Genevieve Stebbins. See MarkFilipas'website. TheIllustratedKeytotheTarot:TheVeilofDivination,IllustratingtheGreater and Lesser Arcana by L. W. de Laurence (Chicago: The de Laurence Company).AtotallyplagiarizedversionofWaitesbook. MathersdiesinParisofinfluenzaonNov.5.ArmisticeDayisonNov.11. MoinaMathersreturnstoLondon,establishestheAlphaetOmegaLodgeof theHermeticOrderoftheGoldenDawn. TarotwasintroducedtoGermanybynolessthantwobooks: Ernst Kurtzahn (Datyanus): Der Tarot Die kabbalistische Methode der Zukunfterforshung als Schlssel zum Okkultismus, Talis Verlag, Leipzig. 1920. The book (dedicated to Gustaf Meyring, author of Golem) deals with esoteric/kabbalistic tarot and also presents what the author call the first German tarot deck, a slightly modified version of the Etteilla deck. The 78 cardsdeckisrenderedinthebackofthebooktobetakenout,butwasalso availableasapropertarotdeck. A. FrankGlahn's Das Deutsche Tarot Buch published by Uranus Verlag, accompaniedbyadeckofcardsDeutschesOriginalTarot,anEgyptainstyle deck, but unique. Glahn's book and cards should become a German tarot bible,whichsurvivedupinthe1980's,publishedbyHermannBauerVerlag. CrowleysAbbeyofThelema.

1918

1918

1918 1919 1920

1920

1920

May16,PaulFosterCaseinitiatedintotheSecondOrderofAlphaetOmega lodge. Channels most of the material for what would become The Book of Tokens(see1934). An Introduction to the Study of Tarot by Paul Foster Case (NY: mimeographed). J. B. Trinick Tarot or Great Symbols of the Paths, a set of Majors painted for A.E. Waite by John Brahms Trinick and Wilfrid Pippet and used in his FellowshipoftheRosyCross.[Dummett&Decker] PaulFosterCaseresignsfromtheGoldenDawn. Q.B.L.orTheBridesReception:BeingaShortCabalisticTreatiseontheNature and Use of the Tree of Life by Frater Achad (Charles Standfield Jones) (ChicagoIL:CollegiumAdSpiritumSanctum).Reprinted1969. LeTarotEgyptienbyElieAlta(Vichy:BouchetDreyfus). PaulFosterCasefoundsTheSchoolofAgelessWisdom,probablyinBoston. The Key of Destiny by Harriette Augusta Curtiss and F. Homer Curtiss (San Francisco&WashingtonDC:TheCurtissPhilosophicBookCo).(See1917for Vol.1.Manysubsequenteditions.Reprinted1983byNewcastle.)(Illustrated MajorsofRWS,Egyptian,Marseilles,Wirthdecks.) The Egyptian Revival: or The EverComing Son in the Light of the Tarot by Frater Achad (Charles Stanfield Jones) (Chicago: Collegium ad Spiritum SanctumPublicationDepartment).Reprinted1969. Le Tarot: Signification et Interprtation du Tarot Italien: Quatrime dition revue et corrige by J.G. Bourgeat; Paris: Librairie Genrale des Sciences Occultes,ChacornacFrres.

1920 192122

c.1922 1922

1922 1923 1923

1923

1923

1926Apr26 Paul Foster Case establishes the Boston office of Builders of the Adytum (B.O.T.A.). 1926 1927 1927 1927 OswaldWirthpublishesrevisionofhisTarotdeck(original,1889)underthe nameLeTarotdesimagiersdumoyenge(TarotoftheMedievalArtists). OswaldWirthpublisheshisbookbythesamenameashisdeck(see1926). DionFortunefoundstheFraternity(laterSociety)oftheInnerLight. ABriefAnalysisofTheTarotbyPaulFosterCase(NY).Earlyversionofwhat becameTheTarot:KeytotheWisdomoftheAges(see1947).

1928

An Encyclopedic Outline of Masonic, Hermetic, Qabalistic, & Rosicrucian Symbolical Philosophy by Manly Palmer Hall (Los Angeles: Philosophical Research Press). Significant chapter on the Tarot (later published as a booklet).IllustrationbyJ.AugustusKnappwilllaterbecomebasisofaTarot deck.LatereditionspublishedasTheSecretTeachingsofAllAges. TheGeneralBookoftheTarotbyA.E.Thierens(Philadelphia:D.McKayCo.) (seereprint,1975.) Revised New Art Tarot created by J. Augustus Knapp under the direction of ManlyPalmerHall.RepublishedasKnappHallTarot(1978).Deckcombines Wirth and FalconnierWegener imagery with material from Westcotts TabulaBembinaandtheworksofHomerandHarrietteCurtis(1917). Arrows of Light: From the Egyptian Tarot: A practical application of the Hermetic System of Names and Numbers, based upon the teachings of the Brotherhood of Light by John H. Dequer (NY: selfpublished). (No card illustrations.)Noillustrations. Oswald Wirth publishes second book on Tarot, Introduction ltude du Tarot(IntroductiontotheStudyofTarot). Playing Cards : History of the Pack and Explanations of its Many Secrets by Benham,SirWilliamGurney(London:SpringBooks). The Greater Trumps by Charles Williams (London: Victor Gollancz Ltd). (Manyreprintings.)Greatesttarotnoveleverwritten. Oracle of Tarot: A Course on Tarot Divination by Paul Foster Case (NY: mimeographed). The Book of Tokens: 22 Meditations on the Ageless Wisdom, commentary by PaulFosterCase.(revised,1968). TheSacredTarotbookanddeckbyElbertBenjamin(C.C.Zain)(LosAngeles: Church of Light). (See 1918; 1969.) Gloria Beresford illustrated the deck basedonFalconnierWegener(see1896;1901).Thedeckispublishedbythe Church of Light under the name Egyptian Tarot Cards, also known as The Brotherhood of Light Tarot, which takes its name from the organization which Zain founded. The Sacred Tarot is republished in 1996 with significantly improved Tarot designs which are beautifully redrawn. See MarkFilipas'website. The Encyclopedia of Occult Sciences introduced by M. C. Poinsot (NY: Tudor Publishing Co.) Reprinted as The Complete Book of the Occult and Fortune Telling(1945).SummarizestheinterpretationsofEudesPicard(see1909).

1928 1929

1930/41

1931 1931 1932 1933 1934 1936

1939

1941

Pursuit of Destiny: With ThirtysixTarot CardsandanEndpaper Chart ofthe Cycles by Muriel Bruce Hasbrouck (NY: E.P. Dutton and Co., Inc.) (RWS illustrations.) Based on the Golden Dawn system and teachings of Aleister Crowley. An exhibition of Playing Cards. The Tarot (Book of Thoth) 78 paintings accordingtotheinitiatedTraditionandModernScientificThoughtwithother OccultandAlchemicaldesignstobeshownatTheNicholsonGallery(Nicholson &Venn)at46HighStreetOxfordfromJune7toJune211941.Catalogprinted withcoloredpictorialwrappers.Onthecoveristhevariant,unusedversion of The Magician. Although the descriptions and interpretations of the cards are drawn from Crowley, the text is presumably the work of Frieda Harris and E.W. Bryant. (from R.A. Gilberts Hermetica Catalog, Autumn 2002.). Thereissomequestionastowhetherthisexhibitionevertookplace.

1941

19421July Exhibition of the Thoth Tarot cards at the Berkeley Galleries in London. CatalogwrittenbyFriedaHarrisforthisexhibitioncontainsseveralerrorsin attributions of Hebrew Letters (Daleth instead of H for the Star and Teth insteadofLamedforAdjustment). 1944? 1944 1945 Completion of the Thoth Deck, conceptualized by Aleister Crowley, art by FriedaHarris. The Book of Thoth by Aleister Crowley. Also a very limited edition of the cardsproducedinmonochromaticbrown. The Complete Book of the Occult and Fortune Telling introduction by M. C. Poinsot (NY: Tudor Publishing Co.) Reprint of The Encyclopedia of Occult Sciences(1939).SummarizestheinterpretationsofEudesPicard(1909). The Song of Sano Tarot by Nancy Fullwood (NY: Macoy Publishing). ChanneledmateriallooselyrelatedtoTarot,publishedbyPFCase. AleisterCrowleydies. TheTarot: AKeytotheWisdomoftheAgesbyPaulFosterCase(NY:Macoy Publishing Co). (See 1927 for early version.) (RWSstyle Majors, drawn by JessieBurnsParke.) Le Tarot de Marseille book, written by Paul Marteau (owner of Grimaud) revolutionizes the way that Tarot card interpretations are generated throughlookingcloselyatthepicturedetailsofthecards. Pamela Colman Smith dies at 2 Bencoolen House in Bude, Cornwall, September18,1951.

1945 1947 1947

1948

1951

1951

The Royal Road: A study in the Egyptian Tarot: Key to Sacred Numbers and Symbols by George Fathman (Life Research Foundation. (See also 1977.) Illustrations by Paul Hagerup, based on drawings of Dequer (1931), which arevariationsoftheFalconnier/Wegener(1896). ThePaintedCaravan:APenetrationintotheSecretsoftheTarotCardsbyBasil Rakoczi (The Hague, Netherlands: Boucher). Tarot divination according to gypsylore.Letterpressbookwithartfulillustrations. PaulFosterCasediesinMexico,whileonavacationwithhiswifeHarriette. The Fireside Books of Cardsedited by Oswald Jacoby and Albert Moorehead (New York: Simon & Schuster). Playing card history, stories, excerpts from novels,poems,art,cartoons,etc.Mentionstarotoften,hasasectionontarot andfortunetellingincludingasetofinstructionsdistilledfrom20booksby Geoffrey MottSmith to go with the tarot decks being sold by Macys DepartmentStore. Transcendental Magic by Eliphas Lvi (translated by A. E. Waite) (London: Rider&Co.). A Pictorial Key to the Tarot by A.E. Waite (NY: University Books, their first printing). The Tarot Revealedby Eden Gray, selfpublished (NY: Inspiration House). Seminal American Tarot book that is precursor to and inspires the Tarot renaissanceofthelate60sandearly70s. The Tarot Shows the Path, Divination through the Tarot by Rolla Nordic (London). (Original illustrations of Marseillesstyle cards drawn by Paul Mathison.)PublishedinAmericanin1979.Nordicwasamajorinfluenceon several British and American Tarot authors but not generally known in America. The Tarot: a Contemporary Course oftheQuintessenceof HermeticOccultism byMouniSadhu(London:GeorgeAllen&Unwin,Ltd.).(Originalillustrations by Australian artist, Mrs. Eva G. Lucas of Melbourne). A Russian metaphysicianwhodevelopedayogaexerciseandmeditationprogramtobe doneaspartofthestudyofTarot. TheTarotforToday:BeingNotesRelativetotheTwentytwoPathsoftheTree of Life and the Tarot Trumps Together with a New Way of Approach to this Ancient Symbol, More Suited to the Present Aquarian Age, and Entitled The HorusArrangementbyMayananda(London:ZeusPress).Stronglyinfluenced by Crowley and Eastern, yogic practices but illustrated with a Marseilles deck.

1954

1954 1957

1958 1959 1960

1960

1962

1963

1964

The Brotherhood of Light (Egyptian) Tarot Cards new edition published by TheChurchofLight,LosAngelesCA.(see1936).Thesetarotcardsarenot playingcards;buttheprimitivesymbolicalpictographwritingthroughwhich Egyptian Initiates conveyed spiritual conceptions derived from a still more remotepast.(DesignsbasedonFalconnierWegener,see1896;1901). The Sufis by Idries Shah (NY: Doubleday & Co.). Has an appendix in which ShahclaimstheTarotwascreatedbytheSufis. TheEsotericTarot:TheKeytotheCabalabySimonKasdin(ConventNJ:The EmersonSociety,1965;andNY:SamuelWeiser,1972).Originalillustrations of Majors based on Hebrew letter shapes by Sylvia Schlossman of MorristownNJ;andJimmyCarterofVirginiaBeachVAfortheWheelofLife. AWickedPackofCardsbyHughRossWilliamson,GuildPress,firstAmerican edition 1965 (copyright 1961, presumably in Great Britain) A murder mysteryaboutgaymenwithatarottheme:fourtarotkingsasthesignatthe innandalsothequestionoftheprotagonistsfatheramongfourmen. GrandTarotBellinepublishedbyFranceCartes,Paris.BookletbyJ.M.Simon. A 19th century handmade deck that combines the Marseilles deck with EtteillasandPaulChristiansimageryandideas.(See1863.) The Tarot Cards Painted by Bembo by Gertrude Moakley (NY: New York PublicLibrary).AgreatinspirationandimpetustothemodernstudyofTarot history. Proposed a relationship between the Trumps, Petrarch, and Renaissanceparades. CollectingPlayingCardsbySylviaMann(NY). The Linweave Tarot Pack produced by Brown Company, Pulp, Paper and BoardDivision,277ParkAve.,NewYork.Overalldesign,DavidL.Burke.The 42Linweavecardspresentedhereareintendedasapartialsamplerofthe58 papers in the Linweave line, andas a graphic showcase of fine illustration from many sources on fine paper. However, we will say this: If you consistentlyspecifyLinweavepapersforthebestexpressionofyourartistic skills,youwillbegivingyourtalentsthebestchanceoffruition.Thisisthe onlyrealwaythatfortunesaremadeinyourbusiness.DavidPalladinisfirst Tarotcardsappearedhere. The Secret Workings of the Golden Dawn, Book T The Tarot by S.M.R.D & others (Toddington: Helios: Rare Text Library of Philosophical Research). Typed version of the Golden Dawn tarot manuscript in a limited edition of 200.

1964 1965/72

1965

1966

1966

1966 1967

1967

1967

HowtoReadTarotCardsbyDorisChaseDoaneandKingKeyes(WestNyack NY: Parker Publishing Co.). (Church of Light/FalconnierWegener illustrations.) TarotCardSpreadReaderbyDorisChaseDoane(PrenticeHall) TheTarotoftheMagibyCarlyleA.Pushong(London:Regency).(Influenced by Frank Lind and Rolla Nordic. Illustrated by modified Rolla Nordic/Paul Mathisondeck.) PlayingCardsbyRogerTilley(London:Weidenfeld&Nicholson). NicolasConvers1760TarotdeMarseillecardsreproducedbytheHouseof Camoinbasedontheoriginalpearwoodwoodcuts. AlbanoWaite deck published by Tarot Productions, Inc., Los Angeles CA. CreatedbyFrankieAlbano. The Book of Tokens: Tarot Meditations by Paul Foster Case (Los Angeles: BuildersoftheAdytum).(Revisionof1934edition.)(BOTAcardillustrations byJessieBurnsParke.) Manuel complet d'interpretation du tarot by Hades (Paris: Bussiere). Supposedlybasedona1761original. Tarot Instructions No author given, Tarot Productions, Inc. More pamphlet than book, this booklet was apparently meant to come with Albano's large size major deck. This maxi size deck is only a few millimeters smaller than thebooklet,butenoughsothatthebookletcan'tfitintothebox.Itisactually printed on the box that instructions are included, but this sentence was hiddenbyaneutralyellowlabelgluedoverit. The Book of Thoth: The Ultimate Tarot by Jerry Kay published by Xeno Publications, 6311 Yucca St., Los Angeles, CA. Deck and booklet. B&W. Available as both 22 and 78 card decks, either in booklet form or as card deck. TheNewTarotfortheAquarianAge(deckandbooklets)byJohnStarrCooke and Rosalind Sharpe (Kentfield CA: Western Star Press, Three Kings Production).Deckbasedondetailedchanneledinformationdepictinganew set of tarot cards that have evolved beyond the Medieval cards for the AquarianAgeandpaintedbyJohnCooke.Asetofb&wAtlanteantarotcards were drawn during the 1940s based on the dreams of Cooke but not published as cards until 1992 in The Word of One Tarot. The Majors were publishedwithtextbyAliceKentinblackandwhiteinspiralboundbookin 1979.ItwassoldasCommunifyAGame.

1967 1967

1967 1968 1968 1968

1968 1968

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1968/69

TheMajorsoftheAtlanteanTarotwas,alongwiththeGypsyTarotandthe New Tarot, published by Alice Kent in black and white in 1979. They were printed on cardboard sheets (USletter format), but published for cutting. The sheets and a text were spiral bound and sold under the name of CommunifyAGame. MontSaintJohnsAstralTarotdeck(b&w)with20pagebooklet,publishedby MontSaintJohns. Art by Yurica. MontSaintJohns, Inc. felt our twentieth century computer age called for a modernized design that would remain faithfultothe78ancientsymbolsandyet,wouldbemorereadilyassimilated bythesubconscious.(see1971,St.Croix). Grand Etteilla Egyptian Gypsies Tarot deck and booklet by B. P. Grimaud publishedinEnglishbyFranceCartes/J.M.Simon(Paris). TarotofMarseillesdeckandbookletbyB.P.GrimaudpublishedinEnglishby FranceCartes/J.M.Simon(Paris). PublicationoftheThothdeckthroughtheauspicesofGradyMcMurtry.The photographyisnotverygood,distortingthecolors(LlewellynorWeiser) The Book of Thoth: A Short Essay on the Tarot of the Egyptians: Being The Equinox Volume III No. V by The Master Therion (Aleister Crowley); artist Executant: Frieda Harris (Berkeley CA: K@shmarin Press, Shambhala Publications).FirstAmericaneditionofTheBookofThoth.Latereditionsby manydifferentpublishers. TheXXIIKeysoftheTarotbyArlandUssher(Dublin:Dolmen). TheTarotbyBradSteigerandRonWarmoth(NY:AwardBooks).(Marseilles illustrations.) Tarot and the Bible by Corinne Heline (Oceanside CA: New Age Press). (IllustratedwiththeChurchofLight/FalconnierWegenertarotdeck.) A Practical Guide to Qabalistic Symbolism by Gareth Knight (Toddington: Helios). SacredTarotbyC..C.Zain.Newedition(see1936). Ancient Tarot Symbolism Revealed by Professor Hilton Hotema (Lakemont GA: CSA Press). Hotema was pseudonym for George R. Clements who also wrote The Land of Light (Pomeroy WA, 1959). (Card illustrations include BOTA,HallKnapp,Marseilles.)

1969

1969 1969 1969 1969

1969 1969 1969 1969 1969 1969

1969

Q.B.L.orTheBridesReception:BeingaShortCabalisticTreatiseontheNature and Use of the Tree of Life by Frater Achad (Charles Standfield Jones) (NY: SamuelWeiser).Reprintof1922edition. The Egyptian Revival: or The EverComing Son in the Light of the Tarot by FraterAchad(CharlesStanfieldJones)(NY:SamuelWeiser).Reprintof1923 edition. ThePropheticTarotandtheGreatPyramidbyRodolfoBenavides(translation of the 14th Spanish edition) (Mexico: Editores Mexicanos Unidos). (Original Egyptianillustrationsw/MarseillesandRWSinfluences.)RelatesMajorsto theBookofRevelations. TarotbyElisabethHaich(Stuttgart).TranslatedintoEnglish,1974. TheSybilLeekBookofFortuneTellingbySybilLeek(NY:Macmillan). IlcastellodeidestiniincrociatibyItaloCalvino(FrancoMariaRicci).English translation,1976.FantasystoriesbasedontheTarot. A Complete Guide to the Tarot by Eden Gray (NY: Crown). First use of the termFoolsJourney. Aquarian Tarot published by Morgan Press, Dobbs Ferry, NY. Illustrated by David Mario Palladini. An authentic interpretation of the medieval Tarot. Palladini,whenhewasstillastudent,wasoneoftheartistsoftheLinweave Tarot(1967). MorgansTarotpublishedbyBigTreesPress,PeltonCA.CreatedbyMorgan Robbins of Boulder Creek CA. This deck is offered as an excellent tool for cuttingthroughtheillusionsand/orsimultaneouslyturningontheillusions whichareenteringthepresentfromabove. RoyalFezMoroccandeckpublishedbyRigelPress,Ltd.,21CloncurryStreet, London. Created by Roland Berrill and Michael Hobdell. The deck was conceived by Roland Berrill, founder of Mensa, in the late 1950s. Berrill commissioned the artist Michael Hobdell to do the artwork for this tarot. Hobdelldiedsoonaftercompletingthework.Berrillcommissionedalimited andnumberedprintrunofthedeck(500decks)butdiedbeforehavingtime to market the deck. These lay dormant until 1970 when Rigel Press, Ltd. marketedthedeck. 20th Century Tarot published by SkorMor Corp., 1107 E. Kimberly Ave., Anaheim CA. 24 page booklet written by Kevin G. Burne. An Entertaining andEnlighteningMeansofPredictingtheFuture.(b&wcards)

1969

1969

1969 1969 1969 1970 1970

1970

1970

1970

1970 1970 1970

InsightInstituteTarotDeck(seeFrankLind,1971)(appropriatedbyRichard GardnerandsoldastheR.G.Tarot,1974). Tarot Cards for Fun and Fortune Telling by Stuart Kaplan (NY: U.S. Games Systems,Inc.).(Illustratedwith1JJTarotdeck.) Evolution through the Tarot by Richard Gardner (London: Rigel Press). Revised reprint of Accelerate Your Evolution (date unknown). (Marseilles styleillustrations). TarotfortheMillionsbySidneyBennett(LA:SherbornePress). MoreTarotSecretsfortheMillionsbySidneyBennett(LA:SherbornePress). ForeseeingtheFuturebyBasilIvanRakoczi(NY:CastleBooks). AHistoryofPlayingCardsbyCatherinePerryHargrave(NY:Dover). OracleofFortunabyOphiel(St.PaulMN:PeachPublishing).Tatvasandfour elementsasrelevanttoTarotstructure. The 9th Dimension Tarot deck and 43 page booklet by Calmera Leosis published by St. Croix, Inc., Whittier CA. Revised edition of the MontSaint JohnsAstralTarot(see1969).B&wwithcoloredbackgrounds. MasteringtheTarot:BasicLessonsinanAncient,MysticArtbyEdenGray(NY: Crown). TheDevilsPicturebook:TheCompleatGuidetoTarotCards,TheirOriginand the Usages by Paul Huson (NY: G.P. Putnams Sons). (Illustrated by the author.)ExploresparallelstoWiccanandmythicthemesinthecarddesigns. Tarot & You by Richard Roberts (HastingsonHudson NY: Morgan & Morgan). (Illustrated by the Aquarian Tarot.) The first book of taped tarot card readings, using easytofollow freeassociation methods, without previousknowledge,YOUmaydivinebytarotforfamilyandfriends.Various tarot card spreads are shown dealing with goals, wishes, loves and future probabilities, plus the new Jungian spread, a method revealing anothers innermostmind. The Tarot of the Bohemians: Absolute Key to Occult Science by Papus, translatedbyA.P.Morton.(firstmodernreprintof1910Englishtranslation). HowtoUnderstandtheTarotbyFrankLind(London:Aquarian).Founderof theInsightInstituteandtheirTarotdeck(1970). TheTarotSpeaksbyRichardGardner(London:RigelPress).

1970 1970 1970 1970 1970 1971

1971 1971

1971

1971 1971 1971

1971 1971

Tarot and the Game of Fate by Yitzhac Kahn (San Francisco: Sebaac Publishers). KeystoneofTarotSymbols:AnOutlineofTarotSymbologyinaNutshellbythe HolyOrderofMANS(SanFrancisco:HolyOrderofMANS).(RedrawnBOTA style card illustrations. See also 1974, 1979.) The Holy Order of MANS was founded in 1968 by visionary Earl Wilbur Blighton, as a monastic order of esoteric (Rosicrucian) Christianity dedicated to charity (Raphael Shelters) and their missionary work in 49 states. The order grew rapidly until Blightonsdeathin1974whentherewasapowerstruggleamongBlightons wifeandothers.Thenewdirectorfocusedonamoreconservativeandless metaphysical path, eventually joining with a defrocked priest from the Russian Orthodox Church. Since 1988, it has splintered into many groups. TheTarotbooksanddeckarestillavailable. The Meaning of Tarot by David Hoy (Nashville TN: Aurora Publishers). (OriginalRWSstylecardillustrationsbyDalePhillips). TheSexualKeytotheTarotbyTheodorLaurence(NY:CitadelPress).(RWS illustrations.) OfficialRulesoftheTarotrumpCardGamebyStuartR.Kaplan(NY:U.S.Games Systems,Inc.). MapsofConsciousnessbyRalphMetzner(NY:Collier).CombinedPaulRussell SchofieldsActualismwithJohnCookesTarot. Hoi Polloi Tarot deck published by Hoi Polloi Inc., New York. Marketed by ReissAssociates,Inc.NY. TarotCardsdesignedbyDavidSheridan,publishedbyMandragoraPress,31 St.MartinsLane,London,withfullinstructionsbyAlfredDouglas. TheTarot:TheOrigin,MeaningandUsesoftheCardsbyAlfredDouglas,card illustrationsbyDavidSheridan,publishedintheUKbyVictorGollancz,Ltd., LondonandbyTaplingerPublishingCo.,NY. Yeats, the Tarot and the Golden Dawn by Kathleen Raine (Dublin: Dolmen Press). Understanding the Tarot by Dr. Leo L. Martello (NY: HC Publishers). (RWS illustrations.) How the Tarot Speaks to Modern ManbyTheodorLaurence(HarrisbergPA: StackpoleBooks).(RWSillustrations.)

1971 1971 1971 1971 1972 1972 1972

1972 1972 1972

1972 1972

TarotClassicbyStuartR.Kaplan(NY:Grosset&Dunlap).(Illustratedbythe TarotClassic/Marseillesstyledeck). Tarot Card Symbology by Max Freedom Long (Cape Girardeau MO: Huna Press).(RWSillustrations.)IncludesarticlesfromHunaVistasgoingbackto 1965. W.E.ButlerfoundstheServantsofLightbasedonacorrespondencecourse createdwithGarethKnight. Dynamic Games Tarot deck, published by Dynamic Design Industries, AnaheimCA. James Bond 007 Tarot Deck by EON Productions Ltd and Glidrose Publications,Ltd.PublishedbyAGMuller&CieinSwitzerlandforU.S.Games Systems,Inc..CardDesignsbyFergusHall,CourtesyofthePortalGalleryLtd, London. The James Bond 007 Tarot Deck is featured in the popular Film, LiveandLetDie,aUnitedArtistsRelease. Tarot: How to foretell your future in the cards by Kathleen McCormack (Surrey:FontanaBooks/Collins).(IllustratedbyItalianPiedmontsedeck.) TheWindowsofTarotbyF.D.Graves(DobbsFerryNY:Morgan&Morgan). (IllustratedwiththeAquarianTarot.)Lightweight. TheBookofTarotbyFredGettings(London:TriuneBooks).Illustratedlarge format book. Interpretations based on Marseilles cards and geometric symbolism. The Tarot and Transformation by Lynn M. Buess (Lakemont GA: Tarnhelm Press). (Illustrated with Church of Light/FalconnierWegener style cards redrawnbyRoxanaR.Donegan) Practical Astrology by Comte C. de SaintGermain (Hollywood: Newcastle). Reprint(see1901). PictorialKeytotheTarotbyA.E.Waite(Causeway;theirfirstprinting).(See 1910;1959;1979.) The Playing Card; an Illustrated History by Detlef Hoffmann (Greenwich, Conn.NewYorkGraphicSociety). TheHistoryofPlayingCardswithAnecdotesoftheirUseinConjuring,Fortune Telling,andCardSharpingbyRev.Ed.S.Taylor(reprintRutlandVT:Charles E.TuttleCo).(see1865original).

1972 1973 1973

1973 1973 1973

1973

1973 1973 1973 1973

1974 1974

The New Tarot first published by creators William J. Hurley and J.A. Horler, CA. Swiss 1JJ Tarot deck, published by U.S. Games Systems, Inc., made in SwitzerlandbyAGMller,distributedexclusivelybyU.S.GamesSystems,Inc., New York. Complete with Instruction Brochure by Stuart R. Kaplan, AmericasLeadingTarotAuthority. R.G. Tarot Cards deck published by Rigel Press, Ltd. Original English Pack Design.BookletbyRichardGardner. JewelsoftheWisebytheHolyOrderofMANS(SanFrancisco:HolyOrderof MANS)(RedrawnBOTAstylecardillustrations.) TowardtheOne:ThePerfectionofLove,Harmony,andBeautybyPirVilanat Inayat Khan (NY: Harper/Colophone). Contains tearout Major Arcana Sufi TarotbyDaneRudhyar. The Mystical Tower of the Tarot by John D. Blakeley (London: Watkins). Illustrated with Marseilles and Charles VI cards. Shows parallels between Tarot,theOrphicmysterytraditions,anda19thcenturySufiwork. Tarot:AnIllustratedGuidebyRebeccaMiccaWarner(NY:St.MartinsPress& London:AcademyEditions).(PrimarilyMarseillesillustrations.) The Secrets of Ancient Witchraft with The Witches Tarot by Arnold and Patricia Crowther, with introduction and notes by Dr. Leo Louis Martello (SecaucusNJ:CitadelPress).IllustrationsofMajorsbyArnoldCrowther. TheHangedMan:PsychotherapyandtheForcesofDarknessbySheldonKopp (PaloAltoCA:ScienceandBehaviorBooks) Egyptian Temple Cards: Past, Present, Future, Key to the secret doctrine of ancientEgypt.AuthenticEgyptianDeckwithInstructionBook.Manufactured byOsirianEnterprisesbyA.J.Metcalfe.(54nonTarotcards.) Mountain Dream Tarot: 78 Photographic Cards by Bea Nettles. Distributors: LightImpressionsCorp.,RochesterNY.TheMountainDreamTarotcameto me in a dream in the summer of 1970. The decision to assemble a photographicsetofcardswasmadeinmysleep.Ibeganthenextmorningat PenlandSchoolofCraftsinthemountainsofNorthCarolina.Ichosemodels whosuitedthecardsandafterreadingthecardsdescriptionwetookawalk tofindtherightplacetomakethepicture....Mycardsareanintuitive,nota literalinterpretationoftheancientdeck.Republishedin2001. CagliostroTarot184publishedbyGraphicArts,Modiano,Trieste,Italyfrom originalEgyptianstyledesignbyBrunoSigonof1912.ExplainedbyDocteur

1974 1974 1974

1974

1974 1974

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1975

Marius in an 80 page booklet titled, Destiny Revealed by the Tarot. (see 1912,1981). 1975 1975/78 1975 1975 RoyalFezMoroccanTarotdeckpublishedbyU.S.Games.(see1970). Spanish Tarot: Reproduccion de un Tarot del Ao 1736, published by H. Fournier,S.A.,Vitoria,Spain.InstructionsbyStuartKaplan. ElTarot:LaBarajaProfeticabyJossIrishRoca(?)Mexico. Dictionary of the Tarot by Bill Butler (NY: Schocken Books). Published in England as The Definitive Tarot. Compared decks and card interpretations frommanysources.Includesasymboldictionary. TheTarotbyRichardCavendish(NY:Harper&Row). WisdomoftheTarotbyElisabethHaich(London:GeorgeAllen&UnwinLtd.). Published with a set of Wirthbased Majors. Strongly based on the work of OswaldWirthwithaHinduyogatwist. TheRoyalRoad:AManualofKabalisticMeditationsontheTarotbyStephanA. Hoeller (Wheaton IL: Quest/Theosophical Publishing House). (RWS illustrations.) Astrology & the Tarot by A.E. Thierens (Hollywood: Newcastle). (Originally publishedasTheGeneralBookoftheTarot,see1928). The Guide Meditation: The Manual on Theory and Technique by Edwin C. Steinbrecher (Santa Fe: selfpublished). First edition of a major work on a Tarot meditation practice. Many editions. Published by Samuel Weiser in 1988. PreludetoScience:AnExplorationofMagicandDivination(sectionontarot) byRichardFurnaldSmith,Scribner,1975. The Tarot by Joseph Maxwell (NY: Samuel Weiser). Translated from the French with Amplification of the Tarot, Introduction and Notes by Ivor Powell. (Not illustrated, but the deck described is clearly the Marseilles of NicolasConverof1760whichwasreprinted(see1968). This book was originally published in France, apparently in several differenteditions.ItwastranslatedintoEnglishin1975.Thetranslatorand publisherdon'tsaywhentheFrencheditionswerepublished,butfromclues in the text (i.e., references to previous editions, etc.), it seems to have been first published sometime between 1900 and 1930. Maxwell was a French lawyerwhoheldhighpositionsintheFrenchjudiciaryandwrotebookson manysubjects,includingtheoccult.Thisisoneofonlyafewofhisbooksto

1975 1975

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betranslatedintoEnglish.HepositsSouthernGermanyasthebirthplaceof thecards.HisinterpretationsoftheMajorsarebasedheavilyonnumerology, and he interprets the pip cards according to pictorial elements of the Marseilledesigns.Heassignselementstothesuitsasfollows:Wands=Earth, Cups=Water,Pentacles=Air,Swords=Fire.(LeeBursten) 1976 1976 Tarot: The Royal Path to Wisdom by Joseph D. DAgostino (NY Samuel Weiser).(RWSillustrations.) The Yeager Tarot: Tarot of Meditation deck, published by Credo Company, LagunaBeach,CA.ArtbyMartyYeager.Republishedinasanitized(masking ofsexualorgans)versionbyU.S.Gamesin19??. XultnDeckpublishedbyWisdomGardenBooks,VeniceCA.CreatedbyPeter Balin. ImetPeterBalin(creatoroftheXultunTarot)intheearly80shecameto dinner at my house in San Francisco. He told me that he created the deck afterseeingaRWSdeckoneeveningataparty.Atthetimehewasadown andoutcarpenter.Afriendsuggestedhedoadeck,whichhelaughedat,but the idea wouldn't go away. In fact, he suddenly saw in his mind this huge paintingallonepiecewhichheknewwastheMajorArcanaonlyitwas Mayan. But, he knew nothing about Tarot and little about the Mayans althoughhehadlivedinMexicoforawhile.Hewasworkingatanartgallery during a really slow period so he started on the canvas and became obsessed, finishing the painting almost nonstop. It was only when it was finished that he realized it could be cut up into the 22 cards. People kept insistingheshouldpublishit,butthepricewasastronomicalasfarashewas concerned. Then other people began giving him money to do it some of themstrangerswhowalkedintothegalleryandheverysoonhadenoughto publish. There were many images that he put into the deck that he knew nothing about and only later found out that they were very significant in relationtotheMayancosmologyandtotheparticularTarotcard.Hesaidhe feltduringthewholeprocessthathedidn'treallyhaveachoiceaboutitthe image of the painting of the Majors appeared as a whole in his mind after seeing a Tarot deck once and he couldn't stop painting (except to eat and sleep) until he had finished it. And, when he thought that publishing was impossible,itcametogetheralmostdespitehim.Thebookcamelaterafter lotsofpeoplehadgivenhiminputandhelpedhimputtogethertheTarotand Mayan information that was already encoded into the painting.Mary K. GreeronTarotL. A Feminist Tarot by Sally Gearhart and Susan Rennie (Watertown MA: Pandora'sBox).Firstbooktogivefeministinterpretations(RWSdeck).

1976

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WomanspiritCircleLilithinSantaCruz.TheMatriarchalTarotconceivedout of which emerged at least three subsequent decks Daughters of the Moon (1984),BookofAradia(1984,DjinniVanSlyke),andShekhinah'sTarot. TheCastleofCrossedDestiniesbyItaloCalvino,translatedbyWilliamWeaver. (NY: Harcourt, Brace). Fiction, stories. (Illustrated with ViscontiSforza and Marseillesstyledecks.) TheSymbolismoftheTarotbyP.D.Ouspensky(NY:Dover). ForbiddenImages:TheSecretsoftheTarotbyDavidLemieux(NY:Barnes& Noble). Tarot: Its Meaning, Mythology and Methods of Devination by Martin J. Wyatt (Leicestershire:ValldaroBooks). TheQuantumGods:TheOriginandNatureofMatterandConsciousnessbyJeff Love (London: Compton Press Ltd.). His Qabalah Mandala shows the intersectionoftarot,qabalahandastrology;quantumphysicsmeetstheTree ofLife. TheRationalTarot:HowtoUseIt,WhyItWorksbyRichardSpencerLeGette (London: Arthur Barker Ltd.) Poems start each of the two sections, one on theOracle,theotheronScience. The Golden Cycle: A Text on the Tarot by John Sandbach and Ronn Ballard (Chicago: Aries Press). (No illustrations.) Metaphysical linguistics approach toTarot. TheWayoftheSorcererbyPeterBalin.AVerbatimReportofaTalkonthe Higher Arcana of the Xultun Tarot Deck given by its author Peter Balin at Esoteric Speakers Platform in Phoenix Arizona on June 21st, 1977. (Venice CA,WisdomGardenBooks). TheTarot:HowtoUseandInterprettheCardsbyBrianInnes(London:Orbis Publishing). The Royal Road by George Fathman (Mokelumne Hill CA: Health Research). Reprint(see1951). The Tarot: Path to Self Development by Micheline Stuart (Boulder CO: Shambhala).(MarseillesstyleillustrationsasajourneybytheFoolfromthe World to the Magician.) One day I had gathered enough pieces of the mysteriouspuzzletoseeinaflashthewholepicture.Irealizedthatitwasa chaininwhicheverylinkfittedneatlywithinthenext.Itissaidthattheorder ofthecardshasshiftedabitoverthecenturies:Icanwellseeit,butitdoes not matter. As we have to pass through each link until the wholechain has

1976

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been experienced, it isof no great account if sometimesone is experienced beforetheother. 1977 The Oracle of Thoth: The Kabalistical Tarot by R.A. Straughn (Bronx NY: Oracle of Thoth Publishing Co.) (Original Egyptianinfluenced Majors illustratedbyPaulStephenGrayson.) The Flight of Feathered Serpent by Peter Balin (Venice CA: Wisdom Garden Books). A book about the tarot and the Maya Indians view of the world. (IllustratedwithauthorsXultunTarotdeck). ANewWoman'sTarotbyBilliePotts(ElfandDragonsPress). KnappHall Tarot Cards, published with The Tarot: an Essay (Los Angeles, PhilosophyicalResearchSociety,Inc.).Deckfirstpublished,1929. TheEncyclopediaofTarot(Vol.1)byStuartKaplan(NY:U.S.GamesSystems, Inc.). Wisdom of the Tarot: Taught Simply: Ten steps to learning to read the Tarot CardsbyELoisWinklerLovell(AnaheimCA:Love). ElSenderoIniciticoenlosArkanosdelTarotyKbalabySamaelAunWeor (BudhaMaitreya,KalkiAvataradelaNuevaEradeAcuario)(Mexico:Iglesia Gnostica Cristiana Universal). A major work by this Gnostic philosopher, since translated into several languages including French and English. Illustrated by the Majors of a FalconnierWegener style Egyptian deck that has been published as the Egipcios Kier Tarot Deck (Buenos Aires; and U.S. Games,1984). TheAmazonTarotdeckpublishedbyElfandDragonsPress.CreatedbyBillie Potts,RiverLightwomoon,SusunWeed,andotherartists. Tarotmania (later renamed Tarot Therapy: A Guide to the Subconscious) by Jan Woudhuysen (Wildwood House, Great Britain) (LA: J.P. Tarcher). (OriginalcardillustrationsbyLouiseAaltje). Tarot: A New Handbook for the Apprentice by Eileen Connolly (No. Hollywood: Newcastle). First in a series of three books on the Tarot. (RWS illustrations). Pictorial Key to the Tarot by A.E. Waite (NY: Samuel Weiser; their first printing).(seealso1910;1959;1973.) The Game of Life by Timothy Leary. Seriously tripped out stuffacid, DNA, spacetimecontinuum.

1978

1978 1978 1978 1978 1978

1979 1979

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Tarot Revelations by Joseph Campbell and Richard Roberts (No publisher named). God of Tarot by Piers Anthony (NY: Jove). Fiction. In 1975, at a judo tournament, Anthony met and became friends with a brother in the Holy OrderofMANS(1971,1974).Anthonywasintriguedbytheiruniquemixof Gnostic Christianity, coed communalism, and Tarot. Out of this came a character who would appear in several novels: Brother Paul of the Holy Order of Vision. He also created an imaginary deck called the Animation Tarot,having100cardsinfivesuits.BySeptemberof1977,hehada250,000 word manuscript that no one wanted to publish. Also, members of the real order were told not to read the manuscript or speak with him, which he regrettedsincethenovelstemmedinsignificantpartfromhisadmirationof theiroperation.Hereluctantlyagreedtosplittingthebookintoatrilogy.Jove then stopped publishing science fiction and the next two volumes were publishedbyBerkeley(1980).Itwasntuntil1987thatthenovelappearedin onevolume(NY:Ace). TheGameofTarot:fromFerraratoSaltLakeCitybyMichaelDummettwith the assistance of Sylvia Mann (London: Gerald Duckworth & Co.). The definitive work on playing the Tarot card game (with rules from many countries),plusthehistoryandvarietiesoftheTarotdeck. SeventyEight Degrees of Wisdom: A. Book of Tarot by Rachel Pollack (AquarianPress). JungandTarot:AnArchetypalJourneybySallieNichols(NY:SamuelWeiser). Numerology and Your Future by Dusty Bunker (West Chester PA: Schiffer). NumerologyasrelatedtotheTarotcards. TwelveTarotGamesbyMichaelDummett(London:Duckworth). Vision of Tarot and Faith of Tarot by Piers Anthony (NY: Berkeley). (See 1979.) TheMagicTarotbyFredericLionel(publishedinFranceasLeTarotMagique, EditionsduRocher). NikideSaintPhallebeganworkonhertarotgardensculpture. The Tarot Design Coloring Book by Caren Caraway(Stemmings). There are plentyofcolorindecksbutthisistheonlycoloringbook,perse,ofwhichthe authorsareaware.

1980

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Iproposethat1980markstheendofthehippie/Tarotrevivaleraandservesasthe transitionintothefullmaturityofthemodern,20thcenturyTarotrenaissance.