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  • Hypothesis Testing Notes: Means, Proportions, P-Values

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    The value for all population parameters in the test statistics come from the null hypothesis. If the population standard deviation, s, is known, then the population mean has a normal distribution. The P-Value Approach treats hypothesis testing in a different manner.

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    Stats-Hyp Testing Notes

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    The value for all population parameters in the test statistics come from the null hypothesis. If the population standard deviation, s, is known, then the population mean has a normal distribution. The P-Value Approach treats hypothesis testing in a different manner.

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    11 views7 pages

    Hypothesis Testing Notes: Means, Proportions, P-Values

    Uploaded by

    samba684
    The value for all population parameters in the test statistics come from the null hypothesis. If the population standard deviation, s, is known, then the population mean has a normal distribution. The P-Value Approach treats hypothesis testing in a different manner.

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    of 7

    Ch9Notes:HypothesisTesting(p.

    3)
    Wednesday,July27,2011 3:25AM

    TestingaSingleMean
    Youaretesting,youarenottestingxbar. Ifyouknewthevalueofmu,thentherewouldbenothingtotest!! Ican'temphasizethisenough. Thevalueforallpopulationparametersintheteststatisticscomefromthenull hypothesis.Thisistruenotonlyformeans,butallofthetestingwe'regoingtobedoing.

    TestStatisticforHypothesisTestsaboutaPopulationMean: Known
    Ifthepopulationstandarddeviation,,isknown,thenthepopulationmeanhasanormaldistribution,and you willbeusingthezscoreformulaforsamplemeans. The criticalvalueisobtainedfromthenormaltable,orthe bottomlinefromthettable. Theteststatisticformulais:

    GeneralPattern
    Noticethegeneralpatternoftheseteststatisticsis(observed expected)/standarddeviation.

    TestStatisticforHypothesisTestsaboutaPopulationMean: Unknown
    Ifthepopulationstandarddeviation,,isunknown,thenthepopulationmeanhasastudent'stdistribution,and youwillbeusingthetscoreformulaforsamplemeans. Theteststatisticisverysimilartothatforthezscore, exceptthat sigmahasbeenreplacedbysandzhasbeenreplacedbyt.The criticalvalueisobtainedfromthet table.Thedegreesoffreedomforthistestisn1.

    Pastedfrom<http://people.richland.edu/james/lecture/m170/ch09mu.html>

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    Ch9Notes:HypothesisTesting(p.4)
    Wednesday,July27,2011 2:57AM

    SingleProportionsTesting
    Youaretestingp,youarenottestingpbar.Ifyouknewthevalueofp,thentherewouldbenothingtotest!! Thepopulationproportionhasan approximatelynormaldistributionifnpandn(1p)arebothatleast5. Rememberthatweareapproximatingthebinomialusingthenormal,andthat thepwe'retalkingaboutis theprobabilityofsuccessonasingletrial. Thecriticalvalueisfoundfromthenormaltable,orfromthebottomrowofthettable. Thestepsinvolvedinthehypothesistestingremainthesame.Theonlythingthatchangesistheformulafor calculatingtheteststatisticandperhapsthedistributionwhichisused.

    PValueApproach
    ThePValue(ProbabilityValue)Approachtreatshypothesistestinginadifferentmanner. Insteadofcomparingzscoresortscores,you'recomparingprobabilities,orareas. Thelevelofsignificance()istheareainthecriticalregion(i.e.theareainthetailstotherightorleftofthe criticalvalues). Thepvalueistheareatotherightorleftoftheteststatistic.Ifitisatwotailtest,thenlookupthe probabilityinonetailanddoubleit.

    Rejectthenullhypothesisifthepvalueislessthanthelevelofsignificance.
    Anyproportionequivalenttothefollowingstatementiscorrect: Theteststatisticistothepvalueasthe criticalvalueistothelevelofsignificance.
    Pastedfrom<http://people.richland.edu/james/lecture/m170/ch09pro.html>

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    QuizReview HWHandout(part1)
    Wednesday,July27,2011 5:52AM

    Statistics 2 Page 1

    QuizReview HWHandout(part2)
    Wednesday,July27,2011 6:13AM

    Statistics 2 Page 1

    QuizReview HWHandout(part3)
    Wednesday,July27,2011 6:15AM

    Statistics 2 Page 1

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