Nng cp a cng an ton cho h thng

Nu bn mun nng cp dung lng lu tr, truy cp d liu nhanh hn v c mt h thng yn tnh hn, bi vit ny c th gip bn.

Nh li nhng nm u thp k 1990, nhiu ngi ch c trong tay a cng vi dung lng 40MB. Vo thi im , l do duy nht bn nng cp cng l tng dung lng lu tr. V dung lng a ln nht m bn c th mua c ch l 540MB. Ngy nay, mt thanh nh USB nh b cng c dung lng gp vi ln con s .

l 15 nm trc. Hin ti, c nhiu l do hn bn quyt nh nng cp a cng cho h thng ca mnh. Vi cc cng ngh lu tr mi, chng hn SATA, NCQ (Native Command Queuing), cng vi u im v b m ln, bi trn bng cht lng, c ch chng sc va chm cng nh cng ngh tng mt lu tr trn mt a, vic thay a cng khng ch cn nhm mc ch tng dung lng m cn nhm p ng yu cu v tc v gim ting n h thng.

Di y, chng ta s xem xt cc th thut v cch thc nng cp a cng, truyn cc d liu sang a mi m khng gy ra trc trc cho h thng.

Bt u

Thng thng, khi bn thm hoc nng cp mt a mi tt hn, a ny nn c cu hnh l a chnh C. l bi v h iu hnh s c ci t trn a C.

Tuy nhin, nhiu khi mi ngi li khng lm nh vy. C mt l do c bn xut pht t s phc tp trong vic chuyn h iu hnh (cng vi cc ng

dng v cc d liu ngi dng) t a ny sang a khc. Mt s k thut vin cn cho rng cch nhanh nht l thit lp a mi thnh ph (slave). Vi phn mm thch hp v cc k nng cn thit, bn c th thy vic chuyn tt c d liu - bao gm c OS - s tr nn n gin hn rt nhiu.

Hai phn mm ph bin nht m bn c th s dng cho cng vic ny l Norton Ghost 9.0 ca Symantec v True Image 8.0 ca Acronis.

Trong bi vit ny, chng ta s dng sn phm ca Acronis. y l mt phn mm d s dng, kh mnh v c gi r hn ca Symantec. Acronis cn cng cp c bn th nghim min ph c th ti t website, cho php ngi dng nh gi trc khi quyt nh mua. True Image 8.0 cng rt hiu qu trong vic to ra cc a khi ng v kh nng nhn bit b iu khin SATA.

Bc u tin l to ra a khi ng c bn n gin (portable) ca True Image. Bn s thy Acronis h tr ngi dng rt tt: phn mm s t ng thc hin tc v ny trong qu trnh ci t.

Bi vit ny tp trung vo vic nhn bn a cng vi mc ch nng cp. Do , chng ta nn to mt bn an ton ca a khi ng - bn ny c dung lng ch phn na bn y (s hiu qu trong trng hp sao chp t hoc ti a USB hoc SCSI). Vic ti cc trnh iu khin (driver) khng cn thit s ko di qu trnh to a khi ng. Hn na, la chn y s i hi dung lng ln hn v mt nhiu thi gian thc hin hn. i khi, bn c th gp phi vn v tnh tng thch.

Nhn bn a

Bn c th nhn bn bt c a cng no nu a ch c dung lng khng nh hn dung lng thc t c s dng lu tr d liu a gc. Ly v d, nu bn c 20GB d liu trn mt a 80GB, bn c th sao chp a ln bt c a cng no c dung lng ti thiu 20GB.

Ngoi ra, hon ton c th nhn bn gia cc a ca cc hng khc nhau; t USB ti IDE; SATA ti IDE; SCSI ti PC Card hoc IEEE 1394 (Firewire). Bn cng d dng sao chp t a cng laptop ti cc dng a cng khc.

a ch khng nht thit phi c phn vng (partition) hoc nh dng bi phn mm s lm iu ny trong qu trnh nhn bn. Tuy nhin, tt c cc d liu trong ch (nu c trc khi nhn bn) s b xo. Sau khi nhn bn, ch s l bn sao chnh xc ca a gc; ch c th khc nhau dung lng trng. Do , trc khi thc hin, hy kim tra a ch m bo rng bn sao lu cc d liu cn thit bng cch copy vo a khc hoc CD.

Bn cng nn cn thn khi chn a ngun (a gc). Nu bn v tnh cu hnh sai, chng hn t ch thnh ngun v ngc li, bn s nhn c mt a ch b xo sch sau khi hon thnh. Tt c d liu s bin mt!

True Image s nhn bn a cng vi mi nh dng, FAT16/32, NTFS, Linux Ext2, Ext3, ReiserFS hoc h thng tp Linux SWAP. Phin bn 8.0

cng cho php bn copy cc partition n l t mt mng RAID ti mt a n, hoc t mt mng RAID ti mt mng khc. Bn cng c th xy dng mt tp nh (image) khi phc v thc hin vic copy sector-ti-sector vi nhng a b hng. Tt nhin, y l nhng tnh nng s khng c cp ti trong bi ny.

Bt tay vo vic

a cng mi khng nht thit phi c lp vo trong case my tnh. Chng hn, khi thay mt a, ta c th n gin t a theo hng ln trn (c ngha l mt bn mch s pha trn) bn cnh my tnh. Tho v case my ra, sau gn a mi vo mainboard bng cp ni v t a l a ph cho a c s c thay th. Hoc ta cng c th tho cc a (nu c) trn b iu khin th hai trn mainboard v s dng cp d liu v cp ngun ca n cho a mi.

Bn phi lu v hng t a. Mc ch ca vic ny l m bo khng c mt vt kim loi no c th tip xc vi bn mch trn a, dn n nguy c on mch v gy hng hon ton cng. Hy c bit cn thn, i khi chnh chic tuc-n-vt bn dng li l mi nguy hi.

Nhn bn IDE ti IDE

Trng hp n gin nht l vic thay th hoc nng cp mt a IDE trn mt h thng c IDE sn c. lm iu ny, khi ng t a khi phc ca True Image, chn Disk Clone v chn a bn mun nhn bn. Di y l giao din minh ho khi bn khi ng t True Image v la chn

Disk Clone:

Tip theo, chn a ch. Trong vng vi pht, hoc vi gi ng h, tu theo dung lng d liu c nhn bn, bn s c mt bn sao chnh xc ca a c ca bn.

IDE ti SATA

Nhn bn mt a IDE sang SATA, v ngc li, cng n gin nh IDE ti IDE. Gia hai trng hp ch c mt s khc bit. Trong s cc b iu khin SATA trn th trng, a phn c cung cp bi cng nh sn xut Silicon Image, VIA v Promise. B iu khin ca Promise l mt b iu khin RAID, do n khng c t ng xc nh bi True Image. Tuy nhin, theo th nghim thc t, cc b iu khin ca VIA v Silicon Image u c th nhn din t ng bi phn mm ca True Image.

Bn thn h iu hnh Windows XP khng tch hp trnh iu khin SATA, khi bn mun khi ng t mt a cng SATA mi c nhn bn, Windows XP s khng c np. Mun khc phc, hy m bo rng b iu khin SATA trong BIOS c kch hot v ti cc tp iu khin ca n vo Windows trc khi nhn bn. Nu bn qun khng thc hin bc ny, h thng s yu cu ci t sa cha (repair installation) Windows bn c th khi ng m khng lm mt d liu. Bn cn phi c a CD ci t Windows XP v a cha trnh iu khin SATA (bn c th tm trn website ca cc nh sn xut mainboard). Khi ng bng a CD ci t XP.

Ngay khi a ci t c ti, bn nhn phm F6 ci t trnh iu khin SCSI hoc RAID ca hng th ba. La chn ny ch xut hin trong vng 20 giy, do vy hy nhanh tay. Sau khi nhn F6, c v nh khng g khc bit, tuy nhin, hy kin nhn. Cui cng, mt thng ip trn mn hnh yu cu bn nhn phm S ti trnh iu khin ca hng th ba. Nhn phm, a a ci t driver SATA vo a mm v thc hin theo hng dn trn mn hnh.

Khi trnh ci t Windows XP ti xong cc trnh iu khin, bn s c hi la chn ci t hoc sa Windows XP. iu quan trng cn lu l bn khng chn sa lc ny. Qu trnh ci t Windows XP s cng cp mt la chn sa cha th hai, v chnh l iu chng ta cn.

Tip theo, nhn ENTER chp nhn Set up Windows XP now. Sau , nhn phm F8 ng vi ni dung bn quyn. Mn hnh tip theo s cho bn la chn sa h iu hnh. Sau khi chn, Windows s ci t trn bn thn n, gi nguyn d liu ngi dng v cc ng dng ang c.

Lu : Khi bn thc hin tc v ny, bn s mt tt c cc bn cp nht ca Windows trc . Sau khi ci t xong, iu trc tin nn lm l truy cp site Windows Updates, ti v ci t tt c cc bn cp nht cn thit.

Nhn bn a cng my xch tay

nng cp a cng my laptop, bn cn phi c mt h thng my tnh bn thng thng. a phn cc my xch tay ch h tr lp t mt a cng. Tuy nhin, ch cn mt b chuyn i a (adapter) khng t tin,

nh minh ho di y, bn c th cm c a mi v c vo mt my bn.

Sau khi lp t, khi ng t a True Image. Thc hin vic nhn bn a nh hng dn trn, sau lp a mi c nhn bn vo my xch tay. l tt c nhng g phi lm.

Tt nht, bn nn kim tra xem h thng c khi ng v hot ng bnh thng trn laptop hay khng, sau mi vn cht cc c vt v hon tt cng vic ca mnh.

Gi y, bn c trong tay mt h thng vi a cng mi m khng phi ci t li h iu hnh cng mt t cc phn mm ng dng, v quan trng hn, tt c cc d liu ca bn vn c bo v tt.