-

1973

-:
. ()

70

. - . 2005


30
- 1973
Camp David . 1967,
.

,
status quo.
Sadat

,

, .

,
. ,
.
.
,
,
,
6 1973,
.
,

, . ,

,
.

,
16 ,
. 24
,
,

.

-
1973
,

. ,

, . ,
,
,
. 30
,

( )*.


status quo

*
,
. , ,
1973 6 , .
(Ramadan War),
. ,
(October War).

- 1973

71

 (No Peace
No War)
,
Camp David

.



.

1967-1972
1967

,
,

*

1967.

,
, 14
.
,
,
:
1, .
,

,
,
.
status quo ante bellum,




2.

- .


.

, ,

14. ,

.
,

. ,

,
, .

,

. ,

*
(5-10 1967)
, . ,
.
1
ime (29 1973) . 30.
2
Dupuy, . 387.

72

. - . 2005

 status quo ante bellum.

,
,
.


.

de facto
,
.
,
(242/1967 )
,


3.

,

.
70, ...
....
,
(dtente).
Muhammad Anwar al-Sadat*,

,

. 14
:
,

,


( ....)

.



34.

, 4.
,
. ....

,


.

,

, . Sadat


,
.

Muhammad Anwar al-Sadat (1918-1981) Gamal Abdel al-Nasser

1970. - ,
1977 Menehem Begin. 1981 Jihad
.
3
Dupuy, . 387.
4
Heikal, . 164.

- 1973

73

 , Sadat
1971
,
.
,
,
Sadat
,
.

,

5.
status quo

. Sadat

,

.
,


,

. ,


6.

Sadat 1971
5
6
7
8
9

74

Dupuy, . 389.
Asher, . 50.
Heikal, . 172
erzog, The War of Atonement, . 21.
erzog, The War of Atonement, . 21-22.

. - . 2005

7,
1972
. ,
Nixon
Brezhnev 1972,

.... ,

34 , ,
,
8.
, Sadat
1972 15.000

. Sadat
,


.


.


,
,

.

, ,

9.
, 1972
Sadat 15

 .
,


Mohammed Sadeq,
Ahmet Ismail Ali.

, , .



10.
Sadat

.
1967.


Sadat
. ,
,
.



.


. 1967

.

* .


(SAM)11.
- (SAM-2,
SAM-3, SAM-6 SAM-7) ,
,
12.

1967

. ,

, .

, ,

.
,
.


.
,

*
(War of Attrition) 1969 1970. ( ,
) .
10
Badri, . 17.
11
erzog, The War of Atonement, . 9.
12
Herzog, The Arab-Israeli Wars, . 227.

- 1973

75

 / .
,

.
,

. Shazli,
,
: 14


,
13.
,

. ,


, .


,

14,15.

,
.

, , ,
(Israeli Defence Force-IDF)
.


(The Concept). ,
,

.

,
.

.

13
14
15

76

Shazli, . 140-141.
Herzog, The Arab-Israeli Wars, . 228.
erzog, The War of Atonement, . 33-4.

. - . 2005

Moshe Dayan

 ,
.

,
197516. ,
(
Bar-Lev*)
,

. ,

. ,

.


1967, 1973
17.

, .

. ,
, Eli Zeira, (Modin**),
:
.

,

[
] . [ ]
.
.
18.

Moshe Dayan


19.
Dayan,

,
. 10
1973,
,
-

Bar-Lev 30-80 , .
, .
7-10 . 1973
30% (Herzog 1975, .6-12).
**

5 : Mossad, , Modin,
( ) , Shabak (), Shin Bet
( ), .
, ,
Modin. ,
Mossad Modin.
16
erzog, The War of Atonement, . 24.
17
Herzog, The Arab-Israeli Wars, . 228.
18
Armed Forces Journal, , 1973.
19
Herzog, . 238.

- 1973

77

,

20. *,

,
[] ,
21.
.

.

,
.

, ,
22.

, , -

.
, ,

.
,
,
. , 1969


.

. 14
,

.
1972 ,
,

.
Lod 30 1972,
**
(9 1972), -

*
Moshe Dayan (1915-1981)
Haganah, ,
.
, .
, 1956.
Ben-Gurion, Haganah.
1967 , 1974. 1977
Camp David.
**
1970, .
, Al-Fatah.
1970 1972 ( ).
, .
20
Dupuy, . 406.
21
OBallance, . 51.
22
Insight, . 94.

78

. - . 2005

 ...
1973


.

,
23.

Ismail
Saad Shazli
1973.
,
. Sadat

: ,

,

,
, ,
.
24.

.
,
.

23
24
25
26
27

. ,

25.
.


.

,
26. ,
.

.

,



.



.
Ismail ,
,

27.

Sobel, . 8-40.
Badri, . 17.
Badri, . 14.
Badri, . 21.
Sadat, . 237.

- 1973

79


.
,

.
Sadat
,

1973

28.

1973,
Hafez al-Assad*

Sadat.
Sadat

29
. , Assad


. ,

.
,

30.

Gamasy, .
,
12 : ,
/
.
,

,
6 .

,
,
,

. Sadat

, Assad
,
**.



. 14 ,

.

*
. Hafez ( Halz) al-Assad
1971 Baath.
**
1967,
.
: ,
.
1973, , Sadat,
.
28
Sadat, . 237.
29
Sadat, . 241.
30
Sadat, . 241-242.

80

. - . 2005


.

1972,
,

,

. ,
1972
.

.


.

, ,
. ,


,

31.
Gamasy
,
Sadat
, Assad
-

31
32
33
34
35

erzog, The War of Atonement, . 35.

Sadat, . 241-242.
Asher, . 42.
erzog, The War of Atonement, . 29.
Herzog, The Arab-Israeli Wars, . 228.

.32 ,
.
,
. ,
33
34 , David
Elazer, /, .
,
,


. ,
,

. ,


,


35.
,
.

Hafez al-Assad

- 1973

81


.
,

. 14
,

.

,
36.

1973




.

. .
:
7 11
5 10 .

15
37.



12 . D
6 ,
(
).

36
37

82

Herzog, The Arab-Israeli Wars . 228.

Shazli, .136.

. - . 2005

. ,



,
.
,
. ,
, ,
28 . - (
)


.

-
13 ,

. ,


, 13
,
. 14 ,
. ,
,
.

.


,

,
.
26 ,

.

,
1968,
1973
22 38. 27
,
30
.

...


.

.

.

,
.
Mossad

38

,

.
14
/, Elazar,
Modin
.

, ,
.

1
1 ,



. ,


,
,
.
,
,
Saad Mamoun, ,
Abdel Muneim Wasel, ,
,
.
,

48 .

Shazli, . 139.

- 1973

83

 , ,

.
3
,
4 ,
.
6
39. , Herzog,
95%


6 40.

,
.
,
.
,
.

,
.
Shazli ,
41.

, -

. Simon-Tov,

IDF,
. 1


.
,
. ,

,
3
. ,
David Gedaliah

* 42.
Simon-Tov Gonen,
IDF
1 ,
, ,
.

,

*
.
, Zeira Simon-Tov .
, Zeira, Gedaliah
. (Herzog, . 236).
39
Shazli, . 142.
40
Herzog, The Arab-Israeli Wars, . 229.
41
Shazli, . 142.
42
Insight, . 104

84

. - . 2005

 43. AlAhram,
,


, ,
. ,
:
, ,
,

. ,
.
( )
.
,
.
4

26 . Gonen
.
.

3 , Sadat Assad

. , Aeroflot, ....,



, ,
*.

,

,

44.
4
Zeira
Elazar
.


5 . ,
Zeira
.45



46.

4 5 .

Sadat 1972.
Herzog, The Arab-Israeli Wars, . 235.
44
Shazli, . 143-144.
45
Herzog, . 238.
46
Dupuy, . 408.
43

- 1973

85



.
,

5 ,
.
,
47.

0400 6 Moshe Dayan

48,
. ,
Zeira Elazar
,

Mossad
1800
49,50.
Elazar
.
Dayan,

.
, 0600, Dayan,
Elazar Zeira -

.
Dayan
,

51. ,

,
52.
, Dayan
,

.

Golda Meir* 0800.
, Zeira Elazar
,


.
,

, ...
,
, ,
.
1000

*
Golda Meir (1898-1978) ... . 1949 1966,
. 1969
1974, .
47
Shazli, . 144.
48
Insight, . 128.
49
Insight, . 101.
50
Dupuy, . 408.
51
Dayan, Moshe.
52
Insight, . 123.

86

. - . 2005

Golda Meir

53.
,
Zeira,


.
,
/

1800. , , .
, , .



54.

.
,
Elazar 0400.

.
.
1400,
Gonen
, Albert Mendler,

55, .
, Gonen
Albert,
.
, Mendler, 56.

1400* , 1405
. ,
( 240 )
57.

*
1800/D, ,
. ,
. ,
/D.
. (Herzog: 1975, . 33).
53
Dupuy, . 408.
54
Dupuy, . 409.
55
erzog, The War of Atonement, . 46.
56
Dupuy, . 410.
57
Herzog, The Arab Israeli Wars, 241.

- 1973

87

 ,


4 ,
, ,
72 .

72

,

180
Bar-Lev.


24-48

.

58.
.
,
70.000 500-700
72 ,

59.
,

60.
, 58
59
60
61
62
63

88

erzog, The War of Atonement, . 35-36.

ime (. 29 1973) . 24.
ime (. 22 1973) . 34.
ime (. 29 1973) . 38.
ime (. 29 1973) . 22.
Herzog, The Arab-Israeli Wars, 250.

. - . 2005

.
,

.


1967.

,
.
,
61.
, ,
.
,
50
, 14 ,
100 .62
6
,

. ,

.

7-14

IDF
63.





, . ,

,

.
, ,
,
. 14 ,
,
.
,
...

.
9
,

. ...
.
14 ,



.


.


64.
,
Ismail .
*
64

,


. ,

,
. ,
,
14 . ,

,

,


.

14
. 16 ,

Ariel Sharon* .
, ,
.


,

. ,
,

.

.
Dupuy, . 566-567.

- 1973

89


,
,

.



. 14 ,

.



.

.
16 ,
Alexei Kosygin16 65.
22 ,
....
. ,

, 24 . ,

.

,


.

Agranat (Agranat Commission of Inquiry),
, . S. Agranat,
.
.
/ . ,
1974,



:

. ,

, Modin
. , Modin

.
,
. ,
10
,
66.

16
O Alexei Nikolayevich Kosygin (1904-1981) Leonid
Brezhnev 1964 1981. ,
1966.
65
Dupuy, . 513-519.
66
Agranat, . 7-8,18.

90

. - . 2005


,
.
Zeira,
,

.



67.

Moshe Dayan .
, Golda
Meir 1974.

, ,
,
,
.



.
,


,
.
67
68
69
70

Herzog, The
Herzog, The
Dupuy, .
Herzog, The

.
68,


, .

(
)

, ,

. ,



69.
Sadat
,

.
14 ,



. ,

,
70.
.
Sadat
. ,

Arab Israeli-Wars, .236.

Arab-Israeli Wars, . 316.
566.
Arab-Israeli Wars, . 315.

- 1973

91

 ,

.
.

.
,
,
.

, ,
.

Klausewitz
,
1973
, .
Sadat


,
. ,

71.

1973
,

.

71

92

ime (. 29 1973) . 22.

. - . 2005

.

1967.

,
. , 1967
, , ,

. 1973.


. 1967
, ,
( )
.
Sadat
.


( )
,
.
, 1973
.
,

,

. ,
. -



,
. ,


.
,
.
, 1973

30 .

.
,
,


.




.

, .

Time, 22 1973.
Time, 29 1973.
Armed Forces Journal. All the Inelciencies of any Intelligence Service. 1973.

Dupuy, Trevor N. Elusive Victory, The Arab-Israeli Wars 1947-1974. Harper and Row, New York, 1978.
Asher, Jerry. Duel for the Golan, William Morrow and Company, Inc. 1987.
Heikal, Mohammed. The Road to Ramadan. Collins, St.James Place, London, 1975.
Badri, Hassan el, Magdoub, Taha el, Zohdy, Mohammed Diael Din. The Ramadan War-1973, T.N.
Dupuy Asociates, Inc. Dunn Loring, Virginia, 1978.
Herzog, Chaim. The Arab-Israeli Wars.
Herzog, Chaim. The War of Atonement: The Inside Story of the Yom Kippur War. Greenhill Books,
London 1975, (. 2003).
Shazli, Saad l-. The Crossing of Suez: The October War (1973). Third World Centre for Research
and Publishing, London, 1980.
OBallance, Edgar. No Victor, No Vanquished. Presidio Press, 1978.
Insight Team of the London Sunday Times. The Yom Kippur War. Doubleday, Garden City, 1974.
Sobel, Lester A. Israel and the Arabs: The October 1973 War. Facts on File Inc., New York, 1974.
Sadat, Anwar al. In Search of Identity: An Autobiography, Harper and Row. New York, 1977.
Dayan, Moshe. Moshe Dayan: Story of My Life. Morrow, New York, 1976.
Agranat Commission. Press Release Issued by the Commission of Inquiry - Yom Kippur War upon
Submission of Its Third and Final Report to the Government and the Defense and Foreign Alairs Committee of
the Knesset on 30 January 1975. Government Press Olce, Jerusalem, 1975 .

- 1973

93