HERBAL HEALING Herbal Healing: Apple (Pyrus malus) Spirit Online: Herbal Healing: Apple (Pyrus malus) There

are many varieties of apples, all of them having some medicinal and cookin g purposes. To list them here would be futile effort, as nearly everyone is fami liar with the apple and has a personal favorite. Of the apple trees, perhaps the most beautiful is the crab-apple tree. When in bloom (which unfortunately lasts only a short time), the blossoms are pink and very lovely. They resemble cherry blossoms. HEALING To eat an apple going to bed Will make the doctor beg his bread Digestion: The malic and tartaric acids in the apple can be attributed to most o f the apple's medicinal properties. They can be used to help balance out the aci d in the system, which especially useful for digestive problem. Eat sweet apples if you have too much acid, sour apples if you have too little or are constipate d. Fever: Apple water can be a good drink for bringing down a mild fever. A decocti on of apple bark can also be used to cool high fevers. Skin: Apple cider vinegar can be diluted with mineral water or rose water and sp lashed on the face in the morning to refresh and restore skin. Or, a cup of appl e cider vinegar added to your bath water will make your skin soft and supple. Teeth: Apples act as a multi-purpose dental aid. Their acidic juices are a natur al tooth cleanser, and they are just firm enough to push the gums back so that t he border between the teeth and the gums is clean. Sometimes a loose baby tooth can be pulled out by biting into an apple. CULINARY USES The taste of apple is familiar to most people, it is tangy, sweet, and juicy. It is found in everything from pie to jelly. But the fruit itself is not the only part used in cooking. The bark of the apple tree produces an edible oil. An alch olic solution has also been used which is called Apple Essence, and is used as a flavouring liquid. FOLKLORE and HISTORY Here's to thee, old apple-tree! Whence thou may'st bud, and whence thou may'st blow, Hats full! Caps full! Bushel - bushel-bags full! And my pockets full too! Huzza! According to A Modern Herbal by Mrs. M. Grieve, the above is a toast to health u sed in an old Christmas Eve ceremony. In Devonshire, England, wassailing was onc e a popular custom on Christmas Eve. It is nearly forgotten, but the ceremony st ill exists in remote parts of Devonshire. If a woman has several suitors and can't choose just one, she would remove the s eeds from an apple. She would then throw them one at a time into a fire, saying the name of one of her suitors with each one. If one of the seeds popped in the

fire, she should marry him. Another bit of lore says that a young woman would ta ke a whole apple peel and throw it over her shoulder. If it formed a letter when it landed, that would be the initial of the man she would marry. In Scandinavian mythology, Idun kept apples in a box that would renew the youth of the gods if eaten. In Celtic lore, apples are revered as the fruit of the faeries ("fruit of life o f the Sidhe") and are believed to be a passport to the Otherworld. Herbal Healing: Cayenne (Capsicum minimum) Spirit Online: Herbal Healing: Cayenne (Capsicum minimum) Cayenne peppers grow on a shrubby plant with long, red fruit and little, flat se eds. HEALING Cold and Flu: You can make a gargle from a few grains of cayenne powder added to a cup of water to help fight symptoms of winter sicknesses, especially a sore t hroat. Here is a wonderful recipe for preventing the fly and staving off symptom s in people who've already caught it: Antiflu Preparation 2 teaspoons cayenne pepper 1 teaspoons sea salt or common salt 1 cup boiling water 1 cup apple cider vinegar Grind together the cayenne pepper and salt to form a paste. Add boiling water (o r some strong, strained chamomile tea). Steep and cool. Add the vinegar to the w ater. Most adults can take between a teaspoon to a tablespoon every half hour. I f it seems too strong, dilute it. (From Herbal Medicine by Dian Dincin Buchman) Aches and Pains: The medicinal properties of cayenne can be effective in relievi ng pain from gout and arthritis. The herb has been shown to effectively reduce e ven the most chronic pain. It can be applied in a direct herb or ointment form t o the achy joints. It may burn at first, but it it bearable and will kill much o f the pain. Such an ointment may also be a favorable pain reliever for chronic r heumatism. Blood: If you suffer from cold feet due to poor circulation, try putting a bit o f cayenne powder in a pair of old socks (it will stain) to warm your feet up and get the blood flowing. Cayenne is also a strong astringent. A few grains dropped into a wound will stop even very profuse bleeding. A small amount of cayenne in hot water may also be drunk to halt internal bleeding. This should only be used in an emergency, but i t can be very effective when the situation demands it. Stomach Discomfort: A little bit of cayenne can actually help ease (not worsen) a churning stomach. A pinch added to foods, whether raw or cooked, will act as a digestive aid. FOLKLORE and HISTORY Roman armies rubbed cayenne pepper, combined with vinegar and rosemary, over mea

t to prevent spoiling. It has also been used to purify milk. A pepper is placed in the milk for 15 minutes, then removed. The milk will be hot, but all the germ s will be dead! Herbal Healing: Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) Spirit Online: Herbal Healing: Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) The common chamomile plant is low-growing and "creeping", with clusters of flowe rs and leaves reaching about 12 inches in height. The stems branch freely and ha ve a fuzzy surface. The flowers bear some similarities to the daisy, with white petals and a yellow center. HEALING Stomach: A chamomile tisane can be made for digestion, stomach spasms, gas, and stomach aches. Add one or two tablespoons of chamomile flowers to a cup of boili ng water and drink slowly, 1/2 a cup at a time. When you make this tisane (tea) remember that you should always let the tea brew in a covered container or else the steam escapes, along with the medicinal value of the flowers. Antiseptic: Mrs. M. Grieves writes in A Modern Herbal that the "antiseptic power s of Chamomile are stated to be 120 times stronger than sea-water." Use hot cham omile paste applied to inflamed, sore, or swollen areas to reduce the irritation and redness. You can make the paste by adding a little hot water to to the flow ers and grinding them with a mortar and pestle. Combine with an equal amount of crushed poppy heads for an even more powerful poultice. Hair: A strong infusion of chamomile can be used to subtly add golden highlights to ashy brown hair. According to Buchman (Herbal Medicine) chamomile can be com bined with henna to "add beautiful highlights to dark hair". Skin: Steaming the face with chamomile is a wonderful way to have your own at-ho me facial. Bring some water to a boil and remove it from the heat, then pour it in a wide bowl. Add a generous amount of chamomile flowers. Turn your face down towards the bowl and drape a towel over your head to keep the steam in. Steam fo r 15-20 minutes. This will open the pores and gently release any trapped dirt. R inse face with lukewarm water immediately after steaming. Pain: Applying a chamomile paste will help ease pain in sores and swellings. An infusion can be added to a bath to relieve sore and aching body parts. Insect Repellant: A strong tea can be poured in a spray-bottle and sprayed on ex posed skin to repell flies, gnats, and mosquitos. This is a good natural alterna tive to store-bought chemical repellants. FOLKLORE and HISTORY Chamomile has a long, rich history. It has been used for a spectrum for hundreds and perhaps thousands of years all over the world. The believed chamomile to be one of the nine holy herbs given by Woden world, and the Greeks called it "groundapple" because of the sweet, mell. of purposes Anglo-saxons to heal the apple-like s

In the Middle Ages, it was planted along walkways because stepping on the plant helps it flourish. Like a camomile bed the more it is trodden the more it will spread

The plant has also been called the "Plant's Physician". It is believed that cham omile plants placed throughout the garden contribute to the well-being of all th e other plants. When one plant starts to look sickly, place a chamomile plant ne xt to it and it will liven up. In the old times, the herb's ability to drive away insects was seen as magical i n nature. But today we know that the apple-like scent is what keeps the bugs awa y. Gypsies believed that chamomile prevented nightmares, so drinking chamomile tea on a bad night may keep the dreams sweet. A little bit of chamomile under the pi llow at night would have the same mystical effect. Herbal Healing: Comfrey (Symphytum officinale) Spirit Online: Herbal Healing: Comfrey (Symphytum officinale) Comfrey is a leafy plants, its long stem and large leaves are rough and hairy al l over. They are not generally pleasant to touch and make the fingers itch. The flowers grow in clusters and are either pale yellow or purple. HEALING Bruises and Breaks: Bruised comfrey roots can be places on fresh cuts and wounds , resulting in a quicker healing process. Comfrey has long been favored in ointm ent form to quickly heal any sores, bruises, cuts, wounds, and abrasions. A salv e made of the fresh herb helps heal and reconnect broken tissue and bones. It ha s long been revered as the "cure" for a broken bone. Bug Bites: Comfrey can be comforting for insect bites. Rubbing a fresh comfrey l eaf on a bug bite will relieve the pain and irritation. Arthritis: Softened comfrey roots can be applied to arthritic body parts to reli eve the pain and discomfort. Gout: Nicholas Culpeper contends that "the roots of Comfrey taken fresh, beaten small and spread upon leather and laid upon any place troubled with the gout pre sently gives ease: and applied in the same manner it eases pained joints and ten ds to heal running ulcers, gangrenes, mortifications, for which it hath by often experience been found helpful." CULINARY USES Until the late 1970s, it was believed that comfrey was acceptable for internal u se. However, later research showed that young comfrey leaves (those most commonl y eaten) contain natural poisons, namely alkaloids which may be carcinogenic. It is recommended that comfrey not be ingested in any form whatsoever. Recipes are still available for using comfrey as a remedy for digestive problems; do not us e these recipes. FOLKLORE and HISTORY Comfrey first came to popularity in the Middle Ages. Its modern name, "comfrey", evolved from its original name, con firma, which alludes to its power to unite broken bones. Its botanical name, Symphytum, comes from the Greek word "symphyo" meaning "to unite". In Herbal Medicine, Dian Dincin Buchman tells of the secrets of Indian bonesetti ng. Interestingly, there is a "sect" of bonesetters in India who manually set fr

actures without a cast and use a unique, secret herbal preparation to heal the b one. What is most fascinating is that the bones "heal in a fraction of the time it takes with Western medicine". Unfortunately, bonesetters are not abundant bec ause they refuse to entrust their secrets with anybody, so the magic of the bone setters may just die out. But according to Buchman, we may already know one herb that belongs in this secret recipe -- comfrey! Herbal Healing: Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Spirit Online: Herbal Healing: Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Ginger roots creep and spread around underground, while a stalk spikes up bearin g narrow leaves and a white or yellow flower. What color your ginger root is dep ends on where you obtained it, but most store-bought ginger is called black (sca lded and unpeeled) or white (peeled). The flowers are quite fragrant, but the ro ot is the only part having any real medicinal use. HEALING Stomach: Ginger is every herbalist's favorite for calming tummy turmoil. Stomach aches, menstrual cramps, morning sickness, and heartburn can all be soothed wit h a cup of ginger. It can also be excellent for soothing motion sickness, in fac t, it may be more powerful for this purpose than familiar medications such as Dr amamine. Use 1500-2000 mg for this purpose. Digestion: A small amount of fresh or powdered ginger will stimulate the digesti ve system. In cases of gastritis or alcoholic gastritis, a pinch of ginger powde r or a slice of the fresh root can be made into a tea to calm this discomforting problem. Aching Joints: Use ginger to help soothe your aching muscles and joints. Add a c ouple spoonfuls to a warm bath to soothe your joints. Or, you can brew a tea wit h ginger to have the same joint-relieving effect. Cholesterol: Recent studies have shown that ginger may help keep down cholestero l levels. Along with exercise and a healthy diet, ginger tea may be a pleasant w ay for those with high cholesterol levels to start towards a healthier life. Menstruation: A ginger tea can be used when the menstrual period is late because of a cold or when cramps are especially severe. Sore Throat: Treat a sore throat by gargling with a ginger infusion or sucking o n a ginger candy. Remember that a little goes a long way! Try the ginger candy r ecipe under the culinary uses of ginger. CULINARY USES Ginger has a spicy-citrusy flavor and is a favorite cooking spice in Asian, East Indian, North African, and Carribean cooking. Here is a unique recipe you may e njoy: Ginger and Honey Candy 1 pound honey -- the darker the better 1 pound walnuts -- shelled and chopped coarsely teaspoon ginger Simmer the honey over low heat and add the walnuts and the ginger. Stire for for ty-five minutes over very low heat. Butter a large platter and pour the candy. Take it away from the heat, and let i

t stand for a few hours. This can be cut into different shapes with a wet knife. (From Herbal Medicine by Dian Dincin Buchman) FOLKLORE and HISTORY Many centuries ago, English herbalists believed that ginger was a "remedy" for r otting meat. It was also used for many other curious purposes, including insomni a, cold breasts, snakebites, swooning, and bad eyesight. Ginger was first introduced to Europe by Alexander the Great upon returning from Asia. It quickly became a favorite and no dinner was complete without the herb. At one time ginger maintained a good reputation as an aphrodisiac (and it still does to some extent). It was believed that even the most prudent women would be transformed into a vixen with the aid of ginger. Herbal Healing: Marigold (Calendula officinalis) Spirit Online: Herbal Healing: Marigold (Calendula officinalis) The common marigold, or calendula as it is often called, is a flowering plant wi th pale green leaves and golden orange petals. HEALING Skin: An ointment made of marigold petals may be used to soothe and moisturise c happed hands. An infusion of the flowers may also be used in a bath to reduce sc ars and varicose veins. Calendula (marigold) lotion is also useful to heal painf ul lesions caused by eczema. Inflammation: Dip a hand towel in a strong marigold tisane combined with apple c ider vinegar. Apply this to the inflammation. Wounds: Marigold speeds healing. kly. It can also it can help heal is an excellent healing agent. When placed on an open wound, it It has amazing abilities to cause broken skin to heal very quic be used after you've had a tooth pulled. Or, taken internally, and reduce ulcers.

Insect Stings: Wasp or bee stings can be healed and soothed by rubbing a marigol d flower on the affected area. It will relief the pain and irritation and bring any inflammation down. Fever: An marigold petal infusion or tea can be used to bring down a fever. This will promote perspiration to stop the fever. CULINARY USES Marigolds are indeed an edible flower. They can be used as a garnish or as a pri mary ingredient in a dessert. Whether candied or decorating main dishes, marigol ds have a unique, syrupy-sweet flavor. Why not give this recipe for marigold cus tard a shot? Marigold Custard 2 cups milk 1/3 cup unsprayed marigold petals 1/4 tsp. salt 3 tbsp. sugar 1 to 2-inch piece vanilla bean

3 egg yolks, slightly beaten 1/8 tsp. allspice 1/8 tsp. nutmeg 1/2 tsp. rose water Heavy whipped cream Using a clean mortar and pestle, pound marigold petals or crush them with a fork . Mix the salt, sugar and spices together. Scald milk with the marigolds and the vanilla bean. Remove the vanilla bean and add the slightly beaten yolks and dry ingredients. Cook on low heat. When the mixture coats a spoon, add rose water a nd cool. Top with whipped cream, garnish with fresh marigold petals (optional). FOLKLORE and HISTORY The Romans named the flower Calendula after the calendar after realising that th e flower bloomed on the first day of each month. Linnaeus was among the first to recognise that the marigold flower seemed to be open only during a short period of the day, observing that they opened at nine i n the morning and closed around three in the afternoon. This same observation is mentioned in Winter's Tale: The Marigold that goes to bed wi' th' sun, And with him rises weeping. According to Buchman (Herbal Medicine), Henry the VIII used marigolds in his "Me dycyne for The Pestilence." This included also sorrel, burnet, feverfew, a bit o f rude, and a few snapdragons. He believed that the tea could be taken when symp toms appeared and the person would be healed with "God's Grace." The flower was also used to color hair yellow in the old times, according to Ele anour Sinclair Rohde's Old English Herbals: "Of marygold we learn that Summe use to make theyr here yelow with the floure of this herbe, not beyng contet with the naturall colour which God hath geven the. " This yellow dye is extracted from the flowers by boiling. Being an edible flower , the marigold was also used to give cheese a yellow color, and milkmaids churne d marigold petals with butter to give it a golden hue. Magical lore tells that putting marigolds under the matress will induce propheti c dreams. The herb is also said to have the power to make dreams come true. The marigold was also believed to be protective and was used in wreathes to keep a h ome safe. Similar to St. John's Wort, it was thought that marigold could strip a witch of her will. Herbal Healing: Rosemary (Rosemarinus officinalis) Spirit Online: Herbal Healing: Rosemary (Rosemarinus officinalis) The latin name Rosemarinus means "dew of the sea". The wild rosemary plant flour ishes along cliffs, on rocky shores, and by the sea. Rosemary is a shrubby herb with short, evergreen leaves which are dark on the top and pale on the bottom. T he flowers are small and light blue, and are usually considered the most medicin ally valuable part of the plant, though the stems and leaves are useable as well . Rosemary has a strong scent reminiscent of camphor and pine.

HEALING Headache: A bit of fresh or dried rosemary can be added to a lavendar, chamomile , linden, or peppermint tea to make a wonderful drink for soothing a headache. Hair: Rosemary is loved for its potential is improving the texture and color of hair. Rosemary can be added to a shampoo or an infusion of rosemary may be added to borax to create a hair wash that strengthens the hair and adds shine. It als o can help with dandruff-prone scalps, and some say it can prevent baldness if u sed regularly. A strong infusion of rosemary can be used to subtly brighten dark hair as well. Skin: A bath in rosemary or a rosemary steam facial can benefit the skin greatly . The volatile oils help increase circulation to the skin, bringing life back to dull skin. Rosemary also has antibiotic and antifungal properties, so in a stea m facial one a week, it can be useful to those with acne problems. Bad Breath: Drink the distilled water of the rosemary flowers each morning and e ach night to combat bad breath. CULINARY USES Rosemary is a pungent herb with a tangy, woodsy flavor. It combines very well wi th garlic, thyme, and parsley, and is a favorite for use on lamb and fish. FOLKLORE and HISTORY The historical uses of rosemary for medicine are endless. It was thought that ro semary was a "cure-all". In Bancke's Herbal, it was claimed to be a treatment fo r weakness, sallow skin, loss of appetite, gout, tooth decay, and difficult in b reathing. It also claimed that a box made of the "wood of rosemary" could be sni ffed daily to prevent aging, and that the herb could prevent books from being mo th-eaten. Rosemary was the herb of memory, perhaps you will recognize this quote from Shak espeare's Hamlet: There's Rosemary, that's for remembrance. Because of this, it was valued for loyalty, fidelity, weddings, friendship, and funerals. It was entwined in the bride's headdress, and gilded rosemary branches ornamented with colorful ribbons were given to the wedding guests. An old Welsh tradition that is still used today was to hand a sprig of rosemary to the guest s of a funeral as they left to cast upon the coffin. The Spaniards believed that the rosemary bush gave shelter to the Virgin Mary in the flight into Egypt, and they also believe it protects against evil and witch craft. It was said that Queen Philippa's mother was the first to bring the rosemary pla nt to England. Queen Elizabeth of Hungary was supposedly cured of paralysis by constant use of rosemary on her limbs. The queen wrote the formula for the rosemary water in 123 5 and it was sold all over Europe through apothecaries and European gypsies. It was also believed that a bit of rosemary underneath the bed would ward off ni ghtmares. From Bancke's Herbal:

"...put the leaves under thy bedde and thou shalt be delivered of all evill drea mes." Herbal Healing: St. Johns Wort (Hypericum performitum) Spirit Online: Herbal Healing: St. Johns Wort (Hypericum performitum) The St. John's Wort plants grow wildly in a vast array of terrains. The leaves a re long and pale green. The five-petaled blossoms are yellow with blood-red tips that look as if the petals were dipped lightly in blood, and when pinched, they turn entirely red, appearing to "bleed". For most people, the prefered form is in store-bought capsules, though it may also be used in the form of a liquid. HEALING Depression: St. John's Wort is loved for its power in dealing with mild depressi on, anxiety, and nervousness. The chemicals in St. John's Wort work to stop dest ruction of general "feel good" enzymes and amines. Thanks to the fact that the e ffects of St. John's Wort are broken up into different mechanisms rather than ju st one powerful function, there are fewer side effects than other remedies may o ffer. You can use the product in many forms - tea, capsules, powders, oil, liqui ds, tablets, and whole dried leaves. Regardless of the form, buy only a product which tells the hypericin concentration and follow the dosage instructions on th e packaging. Improvement of depression should be noticeable in 2 to 6 weeks, so give it time before giving up on it. WARNING: Do not use St. John's Wort if you are on a prescription antidepressant, specifically protease reuptake inhibitors such as Paxil. Excessive sun exposure should be avoided when using the herb because it is likely to cause photosensit ivity. Wounds: Some claim that St. John's Wort oil, when applied to a wound, helps aid in healing and staunch bleeding. The oil is made from St. John's Wort flowers in fused in olive oil. Bedwetting: St. John's Wort can be effectively used to help with children who ex perience incontinence of urine at night. The child may be given a tea made of th e herb or one ounce of the herb can be infused in a pint of water and a couple t easpoons can be given to the child before bed. FOLKLORE and HISTORY St. John's Wort blooms around the time of John the Baptist's death, hence the na me. The sap is red and looks much like blood. In Celtic lore, it is said that if som eone stepped on the plant while on the Isle of Wright at twilight, a faerie hors e would appear and carry them around until dawn. It was also believed that the herb could strip a witch of her will. During the B urning Times, a handful of St. John's Wort was stuffed into an accused witch's m outh to force her to confess. Trefoil, vervain, John's wort, dill, Hinders witches of their will (Sir Walter Scott, The Nativity Chant)

Welsh families also used St. John's Wort to judge the life span of family member s. A sprig of the herb was assigned to each person in the family and hung from t he rafters at night. Then in the morning, the length of each person's life was j udged by how shriveled their sprig was. St. John's Wort was also weaved into wreathes for protection. It is used in many cultures to exorcise demons and ghosts. Herbal Healing: Other Herbs Spirit Online: Herbal Healing: Other Herbs Allspice Teeth: Allspice is wonderful anesthetic for tooth pain. It contains eugenol, a c hemical dentists use to anesthize the teeth and gums. Simply use a cotton swab t o apply allspice oil to the tooth. Digestion: Allspice is also useful to promote digestion. To make a medicinal tea for this purpose, brew 1-2 teaspoons of powdered allspice for 15 minutes and st rain.

Parsley Bad Breath: Chewing a sprig of parsley is a very nice way to get rid of bad mout h odors caused by garlic, onions, and such. It works quickly and leaves your mou th tasting sweet and clean, and your breath smelling the same!

Mint Car Sickness: To use mint effectively against car sickness, take a couple spring s and bruise them. Place them in the car where the smell will circulate. This wi ll help relieve the problem quickly!

Echinacea Immune System: Echinacea is a much-loved herb for its many, many uses. It helps balance out the amount of white cells present in the blood, so it is valuable in boosting the immune system. This makes it ideal when there is a germ or bug goi ng around and you want to do your best to avoid catching it. (See the tea recipe further down.) Flu: When the flu hits, echinacea can help prevent a person from getting the flu , or it can help someone who already has the flu fight off the symptoms. Echinac ea may be used in capsule or tincture form or brewed in a tea (not for those wit h sensitive stomachs). To make a tea, brew a couple tablespoons of powdered or f resh echinacea for five minutes and drink slowly. Drink this tea every 6 to 8 ho urs. Skin: The herb can be used in capsule form for people with skin problems, especi ally acne. It also can be applied to wounds as a poultice to prevent infection a nd speed healing of the wound Herbal Healing: Index (By Ailment)

A Aches: Chamomile, Cayenne Pepper, Ginger Antiseptic: Chamomile Arthritis: Comfrey -------------------------------------------------------------------------------B Bad Breath: Rosemary Bedwetting: St. John's Wort Bleeding: Cayenne Pepper, St. John's Wort Blood circulation: Cayenne Pepper Bones (broken): Comfrey Bites (insect): Comfrey Bruises: Comfrey -------------------------------------------------------------------------------C Colds: Cayenne Pepper Cholesterol: Ginger -------------------------------------------------------------------------------D Depression: St. John's Wort Digestion: Apple, Chamomile, Ginger Dreams: Marigold -------------------------------------------------------------------------------F Fever: Apple, Marigold Flu: Cayenne Pepper -------------------------------------------------------------------------------G Gout: Comfrey -------------------------------------------------------------------------------H Hair Coloring: Chamomile, Marigold, Rosemary Hallitosis: Rosemary Headaches: Rosemary -------------------------------------------------------------------------------I Inflammation: Marigold Insect Repellant: Chamomile Insect Stings: Marigold -------------------------------------------------------------------------------J Joints: Cayenne Pepper, Ginger

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------M Memory: Rosemary Menstruation: Ginger -------------------------------------------------------------------------------N Nightmares: Chamomile, Rosemary -------------------------------------------------------------------------------P Pain: Cayenne pepper, Chamomile -------------------------------------------------------------------------------R Rheumatism: Cayenne Pepper -------------------------------------------------------------------------------S Scars: Marigold Skin (chapped): Marigold Skin (dry): Apple, Chamomile, Rosemary Skin (oily): Chamomile, Rosemary Sore Throat: Cayenne Pepper, Ginger Stomach: Cayenne Pepper, Chamomile, Ginger -------------------------------------------------------------------------------T Teeth: Apple -------------------------------------------------------------------------------U Ulcers: Marigold -------------------------------------------------------------------------------V Varicose Veins: Marigold -------------------------------------------------------------------------------W Wounds: St. John's Wort, Marigold