:MA.GNETI.

C CURRENT

B,y ED LBED,sKALHIN,

ROGE{ G.ATE 194.5

B:l(' E~1AlID' ~'lllSDSKliI.NlN 'R~ GATS

~c·~

~31:&ldl. C'awright

~-t'~r.

1'115l:.!.Qt-, U. S". .ft. 1~4"j" tot' a.'!....!!:l:o!l:~~~.3tllld.!!I .

'T"ihi,s wl'.i ti.ng i!6' 1,moOdi u.p ~il,cr i;pdor:l . y'o't'l ;,;ri.l!' r~d. ¥C1,u; elect;r:l.cHy.

50

W!.tell YOU r;eac, .ill:, you la{lk E<lSIt.. ,i'm' :dl I;h~1 <libou~ DVl,91'1et,ic' ~,ur,l;~t., :l,t ~11,l be lU:e:t a.a good f 0Ir

.t::;; tbe result o·f ~ !':""Q years ~;i~n;t mil-e1;1 SOl1l:ll.'>'Ie!l:t fl,;Qm Iti_1, Flo,rida. ,si..:lth !Mt i I;.ude and, ajgb~,i.e:t'h !1J.M8i.'jli'ht¥ -Hirst ~]lowing
sO!iJiM.te'C:fl

'Pi~h ma.9itat~' at ~k Qa"e .• 'l'Wellty- fift'b olI;:td"nI'MIicyLJOngH\.1ode '~e·st. BetW'sl!ll

F'i~iit

'¥QU

:1 w"i.li.:I delKl!l:'ibe w.t. ;& :lIiagfiat iii,. bave $eeCi Gltta:.l:i~ltU: h<!r 1iIIOIA1'Jil~t.§!. ~J sharpe l'Ill!j!~n!t't::;;. s,pllMle o:r haJlI 1Q000Qm.oeitS @-diA.:t.ni~g rna';;:m.ets,in m~y ~p.e:;;. rut"du,suaHy' a hoJ.e in,t;.,_he. m:iddl~'.
0AIJj

J:o all IM'iiAO!::. a.nd tJiMe:M:i:.c:b

_.ct,

~,,,"f

ha.ve

irIQ

el'!.c:L one :sioo .1,," North

tilia lIWI.td

i,1I H!:n:·t:,h .r-ohl,

·!llCt!i Uu; g~h.,gi'.' SO!\iI.tJi .p,o,LfI. !",o.l.~ OI_lld,t.:h.e other 80!J.I;:h P.oiQ",

~, ~
NIQio'oiboiJ!t; the; ,sp~e, ~'8:11 ,ia. the, ii.plj;K~

,LB -0
II! ~~, Qli ~~'

'.
,

mU ~t. :~.,

iA

maSitilet;.. Lt you ha"'l'O UW' ;.1.411 YiQU 'WUlll:

IIll!.l!" !I!.01riO•
-

'taQ '!I;:.h. poL ••

.Y9fi ~ oUt

"0'

tho
the· :ii.Phe'~

:~llt

'W

.;:.,)

.'~-';"" $_~ @ ..-.

'~.

!:.'. I '.' "0,

·n

.. - .' ' . .-. _ ".

..._ _

.,'

..

..' ".' ' . . - _.,

_

o rV.
$1\DI)JJl~:t _. m:L'~

f'rom tbis: ytll!.l. can ,see tM!; thcil lQl'OJ!1.t elm :"' fllidJ;t.M1 ...bQ W!t.l C-Oir.l :sera 'c.h.tl;t. t~ '_1;;8;1 ::Ill! not. 'tb-~"U :~"~ tli.ti iil:lbstanee '~t; iii, e~l"~l.tinli iD, tb .. _~aJi!."

Gt'!ia"riI't:ratl!!i':I ;!!l;nC
i;i8ltil.,

,. Thei

_1lIW,t

iii!

j!Jf
-

Ea@

'iI,'ia:rt:1.e:L. in tb,(i aell!t.ImQoil!!l

!lD. £DI.divdia,1.2.1

IUlP'Itt;

'tw· iio-8·(I!Il£:.

,~...nd 1li;)'ltb N(YJtt:.h Met :SQ·ut.h P,Q'l-@I J.n(.livid~l mag-nets,. 'JI'btIY ,(I:!;O ;IIiO &mIi.l'l, ~t t.h:., ~~ pa;lilll t-h.t.iQ~~ -~ln:i;.. l!~. f.ac ~ t'he:( ean ~iJJsj tl:n:'O'ii-gh m~.'eu e-8!!;der '~ha:n i C;tu:~Ugh the ...ir. -

,--

'Tn€{ ;!Ii!;'''' .;&iI1 '~c:nll:tlmt. ;1i!.Q1;;:ion. ~ IU"'CI ~~ _ ldl.nd 0.£ :ml!.I;;Il'Iei::s 8i1!l'~iit. t;h'iI, QI::JhEI~il::1Ddi. Md. ii! g:b.lidsd bit Ie;lie dgbrt 'cmrm,eli!s: ·t.My :WS!1l'IM<ll, pea:pe;l;:utll ~r"

'Th,c Nortll
'Mftlil,

Md] eYet;'yit:.hinlil'

~nd ,South :li101e.magne-tG.'t:.h!!y ,are ,on .:I!..t"

cQsmle

£orce.,

thQ'

:hold.

·~~i!l:l

..

't'JIJ.II,

~ '. '®"~".'.'.' ' ..•' .'.'.'

,.1, . j:.

individual
hII;v'O! ~'"

ga.ch

Na-rt.b
~II;l'

magn,
~

ru:-.Ji ,Sout.h
'I;
:g&"&i:t't

doe.sn't.

Poli);

:r:1!tglriiet .h:~qt.I~l
amoWlt

t.o OlJl;!{t:hing.

b\ st.i."eng·tll. .• :till!;; Il;ha s'trength

To

be, of

of e'ae_h pr,i!,(l~J.cill1 '!o1!1I1! t.hu rill

~.!:'.!iI-

I~'

~ilin C!:i~1tlt:':l.nQi' in thllJi IJIititlll illl !iI-B<~~BJ ,Illd !:;h~' circulate ..in the. foUowitlg w~: !BAch kind Qf It:h!:lo 11Ilt~Ule!i:iiI ·<!.~e(iomin!;l ,out Qft!1ei~ ov.m C!l1'I'Ii Q·f the w1e .!lnc! ~u;'e lOWlPl;i:.n"g' i!lro1i.!l1ld, Ildl ~;r;.el'.'tlrifilng! ~n t!i.e Qthe:t- end. ~f ~ the wle, .<!in!!;lOOClk to i,t~ Q·....n m'ld. "'..\101 then ovu MJ.d oveJ, ,agdn" ,l!.ll ehe . indi.i.rid'u.al ,1l'I@,gnel:~!lQ\ :!lOt: X'tlf! <1IPQ1,lImd. SOtru!i; run <l.1ioi!<lY <lod n-9JVQr come bac~, but n~ o:n.e:!!!: take ';;liei:c lilll;,c~.

ZD. p$~~n;t:U&IU.tIIJ

I ,:
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~ I

.~
,

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1.1

Ui 'ra: t~~-d t;llesi:I iN'or,!i ~a South "c,le indiiviiSu41 m!!;gllle~5 .n"@J d ..eul ...lti!llg In t.lt'Q, lIM!e W~,'.l' in '~hl!'pen!1ii.Ir,:Il!!nt Uill\lf~e,t: ~Iii't,al... \1Cbe. "lItl~'tb ~(llCi ino!;i,,,,-.l;du,{lI~ as Wl!gl'lct,s:.are '~OmiDg !;ili!; of the 'iMrth'iS SOllCh Ii\Q!''iii arid ,aril JrumUag' ,aroUJlod in the E<IIr'i::h,' 1:: i'3,O(lt"lthPtJl e' ilInc;l! back t~, :ili::!l om 'lWl'[;l, mid .so:r~ tJ·~ p.etle: J..n,(U.,yidlial
1IIIf.qI1i!ts

'.'

${ru,E-h 'Pole. and bac:'k t:o ity;; mom le.ll,d" ~!21i'i :both ~g,l;.h 1i11d $'o~th 1n~.r·(J.uEl;l. 'IM~S: ,sturt; 't@ ~[J, ove:r "!lell Olle:!" ~9i1il1. in. M.nJ~

are

COm::iZlSJIOu!,;. of

the

eartli'

SNlX't:h Pol@

Ilr.ld .;g-e ,nlIliUlil",tJ

arou.t'id·, and

;I,\oh

~~ ha~WGen, thl'!! ,olel, 't_h 'iil ;i,g, ,n a;~'~nillilt;';I:l!. _ _ PIJI:rt ,ia; '!not _~u'clii goil'lg: ,J.:" ~' ~'l,!;~. bl!!~ on th. _~iI;:h ttl :->e: is: pO e ~I;!:r-e thm, tI1ll!-gp.~,t:5 anl no!; 'liJoingi hi or- !!IU'I!. :b!iJ;E 11._~lr:I!!liIi;: Ii! bDi n~iI" iD, mta, tl1IIi!i:, .!!I,t. p~le 'Elnt1!&! lU.Q:r-e It'hlm ,II~ ,Mt,~ E~@!i;;QiG".
Bi,

t!!!i

PE!zmlm~t. ~ti,t

Wno-:t;lQt~e~EI

.,!l

;. ,
_ .....

Now yOUl 9,et: the ,equipmen:t and 1: wi,ll e,ell- you" So youean Be'sfor yourself t.na,t. it is in the way J: have tal,at ..

:1.:1 a pe.l.'l'II;:ment;. f' ... tlQt' ba:t,:'betW¢i'lU th!;l poles tihli!rB b 1;1. SU'ii-'BalM:r,a,l :Pa:t't wlu~.re I. g tM!t'e i,1> noot;.'tl'MCh Ijj)Q,j,:!lg' ,in Q'C' ou,t;, by1te, on t;:l'!el3il.1:ttl t.MR' is no pl.a~e "...,'here the mag!"!@!:£! ;j!,l:'@: not. ,",Cling in 10]:O!.l;I;." 'ir4tt:llie m<t.~~~M:::~ ue; r-1,I1'I:ni'rig io aoo out. 011;,'1;. :~le ~nd$: ~e '~a'llat: ',,"he ECiUIil~O;r:. .
iOy' die

My lQcation ,ill too flU: "/JJ!~I!J.'.J :t1l:'O;i'i tlle,~ert;:ic ~ole,!> SCI aU my ~:n.et:s: <!<rB' '~.:W.ed ~@nter:al. n1'.a&tl, of l~di"'iQill.<;Iil, No<rt}l MI.d, South !Pole ~'iianl~:"!S1 til. ,t oU;¢; pc!!$.si'il9' by.

In rough 8$t,int~,I;;1.on 'eha eaxl;;h' fl, Soul;:h :ma~e~ic poole ,i.s t:~o hun'i'lred ,wd ,S,!.X!;;¥, .t!I.Ues W~S't :€r~ the ~arn.e lfi.eit1diar. t:be ea:r'w" SNQr't.h J!:I.a_g~'eU.e iPOle is (Yo. .. That oalN.es t!la M~t:h a.rtd sou~h Pole magttets .to nm in NorthcMl:. and $outbWe:st . di,;rection.

,6'QW yo\!.il&~the

~,e

~:ipllile~d::. and. i; win, t.lIJ.l, :!lOU" it, in, in the W43" ~ have tQl4.
~ttml,t'!i~!::

80

~w

'aM :IIlft 'fO'l< ~};'!!eU

'"
'.

<O:-eic li!.

inaSfi{j,t bar f'o.ur

is

,111 ~bap{l tI'

m3l_gR,et. tna;l:

inche:::; J!oriij' s:YQtiI,gJ @,ootl,g'h t,o life

f~

t.fm t.Q tMeolt,y POwn.d~.

'.

'.
•

~,1'Ilr;rieQ :iIi!l'lDet ~It t:.llIei!I' ill'che.il;l' long,' 1;1;>,'0 ,and on.e-ha:H' inclUes wide, on!l!~:i.~oh ItMeJr, "'.oLe in th~ middle a.rul pa:l'e-s in e<'l¢il) end . Se-vru:al f,~~~ ,i'lli :lelll,g'tli gf ha:l;d 6~eel Us:b.ingi Hne. t.it~e wllen it is ROi~ in
G:Q.U ,i,It;. at:;~ys s,lI:;.l:!lili')'ht ~iid ii,

soft:

stee,l "tl'eldin,g roo Ql;!'e-~i<ghth ,Of eia l_n¢h Itltiock OIIIiid tluiee
,N~,

fi?!~t long. they

w,Hl be

!'~ ",wi!

tho, fi8iW:n:.r wi" aMI, 'the, Qlaiitlil ~ou ba_ng them 1;!p in 'fin!!1 threads
pei:'rJlanmlt: magnel.:,s.

by'- I)liddl'e' ar.d ~e:ep 't.hel!I tb.e~

W~ w:Lll

~i;!J

lU.p.etll

,01':''~.!!iiSI

~illbp.n y,ou- ali:"~1 Diil.d!:ing a :1':l<l9De~ poll!! in the welding rod 'I.!,,?elJ i!llla:!;le lllag!IlEIt. ,~\:iui!:,biPtI]lemagne!; 'eo l\'iaka- N'o'Ct;h,ll,oLa :!!'.a;g;IiI.E!t in i;,'h,e, l'~ ana 'I:.I:::KI 'IJ .pe. North, Foile li1&.gifLet !;:omak,e :Sw'!::h Pole ~!anet ;i11'1 'i:he i':OO. Yoo, 'eM ,drag .tJ:t,a. 'Mgmlt over ,t;;he rod 'h;"0l';"L ,end tD oodl, oot nevei: stOl" In .~daJ!i.e·"

.,

U~
0

Xl you stop i1.nl))i·ddL8: ther~ will ba an s>(tr,iI, poLe so it: 'will eli,ist-web 't::Ile: ,ma~net; '~c.i:rcula:U.Qil. use i'ron fililtg~ t.o 'Ciea"t ,tile Z)Qd,i:f' t:M~'~ i,s .any magnet:s in the lIti.tlclle. M.(Jl if tlui:i:e .h '!:he .f.il:ingla win cling !:to .i t.. Then, drig the per.ml!l.n.eni: lI!.ra!goot OVQt"' tM .rod and 1,t, 'w:i.ll t:~kQ :it out .• To take t.il!!! magnet ~,t fl:\OlJ!. ,~app~o(lch ox' t,ollcb tl1~rod reti!,with S'affie Und, 'OiCrnagi:l!ilt: rliat .is in ~be rOod. !::¥ dipping rlOd euds ,i,n iron filin.~s:. YOIJ w.iU ,Sel!! ho1'l i.t. woriw. ..

roo

t"'~

the

Br::eal!: thre~ i!?!'e.c:~s ,=b.es·t'~el fishi!lg Q,f line j!luilt lOW] e'o,91,llifh to~.D' in ·:bc~weenthe tlTO po,lel!' of u ;s:b~pe,il>lilflnan~nt ma,giIlJ8it:. • Pili!:: ~he;~ endwise 'be'it,ween the; b;1-o pole!>, and eaJ\;e I:h~ Otl:t" .. aang O'.1e 'by mic:tdla ~'1t'h fine t;hread, o!l!lid hang i;" Uip if1,~I!;1~ ~!d:e of ·tlKi' rOClr.'I. W'he:re I:he:t'Q irS I'!l{ji. ot.her 1iI'I1Ignet. or metal around;.
:ifflU,

H~

1II&·i;1nOt,lJ..
!;rc.

'w1~1 itt/II'!!, ,~ pe,mtrJ'.i~fi.t IUignec Io;!" c~.;Ii!!!I l:,Q,tlia,t. ',"""iii' :P01~J;'-.i,e¥ in 'Fo.r mo':'!adel,icilte l;!!1!!l ,Ja,s,ng! the _gnei:. in ~o?er we:b.
the

o~her

t.G~t
II!!/. t.f

lIel:(l~of

~oB~

u:v,. ,i.~

:f.i;J.!D~•. ,

.' .. ~
'W'

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.I~O

• '.,...,:_.O

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We'st. :1:,1:'001 the, hangiiD,g lMlg!llet. No'ritb Poole. 1NlIg';I'U!!t :in ':l:evel'i'l',ith ;~ ~i'_:r:lqing !i'l<'!,"'ii!~t, t.h~n Y$llJraUJ s,e,e_ that tl'le SO'Yt.'it i:ir::>l~ of the Mfl'g;lng: :I!Iia.g!l!e!l: .is 't;.~rn1n9' '00 ¥Mli anat:hll!! No~th. ll'Qle, maI.g.naita",,~' t:ro~ yQ1;.!,. No;;m .put thE! South J1glLe PeJ:li;l".u'ii$.t).t magiuit poJ!,1l itl t.1IIie,smne level,r t;hit;; time North'-"ole iiIl<rg:nc:t will tl.iim t>IO:I YQU and South 'Pole J1la~t, ,~wa:y ftQ~ you, , liolcditbe·
,lg.

iF-tlt the; u s'h"'P!1l~e:tWIcile:n1;: JOagQ.et. t.WO fetett

'TM~ -ea;,p·liitri'ldIlt II'hows ,t'lllO tldQliijl,. DlIli!l' that, tltCl :~.'t. oan be· •• nlt ~t ~tradllh't. ~t_:!:"Ii!!!J!!'.· ana -t.11:., ot.ha·r· ~,I:i~'r 'li!:--.ii;g ~ _Vi!\!-!!It!!1 ;~ iKE; II~ tb., ~tl;eor ldnd 'oJIIIi.!lQrulc.g ,UIIl! ~Sl baC1k ~o yOO,.

ou~

'c ...
·c-~.-·'
'~

'b~·.

ff-

c::

~'

.,~o

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''Flli.kei t\~() p,ieces

M.i:k;e,it eo' that onem.gl1l2:t 's 10Wllll: end 15 NQ"th Pole!n;3.l)l1et: Md, t'bl}cthru: l'>O:Le magnet: .' Make. 1 t ,90 Ithat. '~11l,e:ir bang 'three l:lliChel3' oIlp,ilr!;.. fi' P.11::1.loreh POle NQrt:b $,lae, ru:I!i ~tb ;,",0-1,11: !'iQ'y.tb s':'i.tIW • •' Nowea1kJ~ the f'!;lU:t:-i:llJ.dh J.ong Jil~eiltl1l$.gQ"l;:. b..r" hold Nortlli P'O:i.e in North e:i.de i;litld iSout:i:l Pole .in SO\Jt.h !ilide.. .. Ral,se SJ.o.wl.y!.l-Y tQ t:b~ I;.Wo h:,,'Ulgcing ma-gnets, then you~i.ll Sl!!!o!! tM't: tl:ie h..'lH9i~ma-gnets: ·ii.'it'eC10',i;ling u.v. 0; l:iOW ;te~t'er-~e. put tliorl::h ~lJole 'Of bar ~~sall,t:b s:1de a:ni:1 ~~i;:hpol~ :~i;:h dd~,. 'il'bis: II::iJl:'ta, 'I{I,h@11I. MII:'-!!I'ag;.l..et <l!Wr<iO!;cihtl,g !:.:b.:f!:l1!ulgliflS 'IIl,\l!.gnets w.ill~,preat1.
.sOl,l,itl:l
Q\lit.

ho·l,d a lit:.~l~ them! lll?'

wlI.ile,

Q:f

§t<!!i~l fi-sl!l:iil'll;! :u.f'le wiroe. PI.I·I::t.bem in. i{J' ~liDa.p€!· lM(,lftet., tM,e t.lretti. out, bend. 01. litt.]!e PaC!J!o:: :!inene ~w:t ~JWiI h<t1it9

~a, ax;pe:ii'i.iAalii~ ,1Ilh.ow.: bat. Ifo.ll'bb. ,.. II SIou:t:h, l'<'!:1.., I!!lII.pot. ,!!~ .~~.~ t in 1I<t:tJ!_~h and that t~h. ,1IIi:.:I:,._ ~ .tflltiv.i-4!:!41. IMInI_tll ·!D:)e.~ Gj;l8. UDd. of Jltll"n,ert:1I qaiae!;, t;hoB, oUt.: ~.

N ....

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<:- .... ,

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!COIn, Ollt. ~ 'ewo inch:es"di:le' .and i!i fool!: :lcmg. of 't:,b,e 'U ~haP'el m.3.5111:'18!!! O»Ma;l >of tJre st.rip, and di;p the, lolO'u leljd .in iron fiJtillg~:, and! S~\!! ll.o"!!ll,lA;;h i ~li.f I;:S: " N'qw ,Ii\l.t: the $o.uth [\!'OlI'e OIl top 0100. S!!J& hew :lIn.!ch it l1£t-s. C'haJ:lliE!' I!!H;!,vl!tl:!l.l times. t.il.en 1"O1.l will see, th.U t:'he N'Ortl'l P-ole lU'ts IflOl:'ethan. tHe sou'eh ~ile cut:. a.

.s'crip Of

'cin

lOlut, t::h~, NQr~h

.P'Ole

'0

I,

n
i

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i

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No·.... ~u.t. ,~..e .Mo:r·l::h 1Iro1!~, m{l1'l.et !Ilnd.e~ '~lle .i roGiI, :f i 11ng bo.x, ·and se,.e how ~~h it pushJes up. No;:.;; C!Mns''''" 'i;I~t. Souch ~Qle iE"Jl:gfl'l;et 'Wlder th(!. hox; ,and s.ee ilOl,l;f m;;u::hl't ~:II.l:C!beiS up. Do thi~ e,~vo;!r41 eim.es, t;hen ycM wUI see, tlta,t ::he. SOIJ1::hPole m8!j)'I'1I!1!t pwihe.g: up mar,a tban W:orl:n P'ole lfIl."gne,t,., "-l1oWc a,gtIi~nl;iIHi.t
gl'I,

~l1expCir~'i;
!i,'~H~I;!.b..

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--

'•• -" ~~_.Q;

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.'
UIOl.';JtU;lt.iiZ'tilU ,.

No:.~t:ak~ ,,..he th:!:'ee~f-QOit:: i<m{l so·f;; ~'~a.em weldioo rod. !t i:s .al.-l'".eady <'15 01 pem.oom).t. m<ilQ'i'lLil!t:. hallig i'~ in a U:ae: t:bre~.d, 'so h. is .in. le'lH!ll .. N~l~ ~s!!lre each .and y·ou wUl. ~e!i! toot the $Q\1I;;:i'I '$I1~ is 10Jlge~.

Tn rIi¥ loceatlo-n a:t Rock Ga..te, be'ctl''et;!1l.'l'Vient:y~fi.f_!;:h "n.d T\;i"Gficr-si:l-teh [,at:i~ude atl<d iEi:1cg',f,I't;i.Qt:.h iitM l1ii.i{ljht.:i"~f.t!fgt !Ugn{Jiit~ We;st., in I:.hree-foQt hmgln$9-net tne Sout.h Po,le e,r.,g. is l!ibo1,1,'t ... $i:.tumtt1l of an .1!l:ll:lb 1,OO'Igler. FarthM:' N:oilirt.!:I .it sl1.Q<uld 00 longer' :y,I!'c.but: .,t ,EqUaWirbQ1::h u.d. Q·f t.hCl~P"',k .kould ~ o!PaJ.. ,1:1].le1ilJth, ' Il'lJ_Ii:~u;t..h· a SOutil, b~'!1b.phe.r'!!! the No:~th Pole end '0£ :~.et: ,si'l.O\:I.ld 'be
lCinger;.

' ..ior".,r.----......,.!J ':,..... i - ......

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:;- r "

.~

All mq ~:l.ng lmil~Bll!!itli ocr CO~SSQS Ittlell{ i:leve~ jilQitli; &0 the f:sr-th' S IDag!'le't.i.a pole, l:I,ei~hM: o the' 'i'eO[lll'.ll'pl'ioillZal t ~le. 'n~ 'GlcdJ:lit. ,~ little lft):rdj)A!!i!;tl't!" T1Ue. 'Only' X'oBa:!l= I C~_n Hg1l.l:rl! O'Ut why 't._lI.ey po·:!.nt in th~tt<ray b,. looli:ii:ntl' fronl ·tIl,!;! !!Ia!ll:e!' geogr,aphlcal mef:"id1a~~!::h.e: Qrth mBg',l1eUQpole J,::$ (1), :t.he south i!I!Ol!5m,et.J1(: N pol~ i~ 'o~~e butl&eil _ and f,i,f.teet1! lOI'l9'il:udes 'NeS·1;from it" ;[1".1 :roo.Q'1l; a:t;imalt:l,on the eur.:..h·;!;I, e South l'I'Ii!lg.netiJc po.iL~ .is We> n!\l,(li\l!red .MId d;:;!I,;~I" m.'l.le_1;I W¢~t _bam I:bB sarne IDe;l;;'idiol:ll. Ell!!,ecor'!::,h's ~or,t-h. lMgne~ic!;l!il'le is; on. 'Tha.t car1J~es t~e north and South FGle '~fletlil I;Q ;!rUll ji~ N.oI."d:tea.:~;II; .!lndi sQ.!.l:tbwest dh.. -ection ,ttl lQC"t:i~

:b:y

:il,1I

too

:I!'~Ii!t.Tay

t:h-e, ge.nEl'ral

S~r&D, of

f'1'i"Cim 'idt", map8t::ll.:Ci!' i!O]!,!!!!i!!: SiO d .inl'9i .. :i.d.ual. No;r;th ~nd $'Qut:1:l :~ol(l

1 tiJ¥ 1iilZI1il!t1e:ts,are· l!!Ia,ooets :that {!!I"e,

guided p.!!Is.s.tng'

by,.

l'1B.gl1etic I 2.hii!v,ingt:.Q 'Cl!lrrent I 2. Pii1iH;I!:n-g' f::o:'PI

__
'OI'!.I;!

dQ

wl::ha

!!!agDet. or ma~l'Iet;'l.~m.

to· ~:n::.ot:r-.er.
~o:b .. di"'l>'~~.

'ji ,.oometmng ~.

't-ha't £'lc.'l.IIgI, as

CI

strearn

~1.

'1Ii5J.~,

~.et.c:

O\U".uu·1;

111

'tha

II'~

,1l1J

1~i)i.actri4 ~%lgt.,

'~.Ili.t

;Illi. ,~w::~'

e;qI:~68iIl!1o!Q.

:tit 18, :!W~ QiW. ,lj:ttH~~.. .t'Il'I,e.y .tIA t._C\!ir.:~tjJ. on"" (::'i:II~\i; ill ;::~1!9od ,rl01e· j,M_ivida:l:. _~I;;.iI ,:li,D wn~ntt'.WCId,fi!~1IIiIIa ud tho ot..~ t5! ~,lfad: of BOlllU i'oJ,(I :l1nd.i:~4u&1.~(!,t!!. .1i!!C!I~emtr.!Ilt._ IItE'e>Ullil. g.d.thv _A, ~Q ~e illt.".Di .V'*:I.~IIt; ~!t. ·ot1liilu ~t:;".. :In Wh1'z;:U~tiJ:. !B~tb, l~ill:l:l.mI!. M.d mtl:i, M~ :8PC1.(iil .•. i)f ~,nh
one
C~t';n,}n.t; al.on,e if it 'l;Ioe .NorthPole ;:u;r1.'E;!t1t i,'I; ca:nnot r\lII ~.lon,e.

a... u,y

'm'A9lnelt, ci:i~;r-en!;. O~ S~U!th li'Q,le !t')l.g-.il.et.

• +

Mitld.ng _gnat·le. ~'t wit;h

mt'teries

from me:t;al 1)yac:ld.,

HDW the eurreuts

ana

run

they ext't: a, e:arba:'tt;"ery WM ttbe:yean ,do.

WheD

Youwi.L1

OIl1iQ SO'U.thpole

g'M

t:he

pr.i,fic,ipleoE 'horw perfl'llaY!@nt :roag!,:l(~t:s ~d!e by~o.rth a·rE' indivioiiual !<I~g:!4et li;Ufxeno::;.!O! rLm!ning in a ~:lLngh ~l:r~ C :frl:)lfl <l bl;i.tt'@'ff. a slngJi.ewire.
~r.:!!L'I8.dL@ •

'this

m~9TJ.et-lM.kingftl.itill

it in'U~tr·a:t:e.s ])otQ'~ll
OJm1 mg<l.(etc!Ol ~1;l!;.h..e

r!la·gnet:,s;
tll~y !;:l!.-GiY

!i;;):cb poLe

SQIl,l,th or; :-IIl'QJ:'th is

are

ru!O_ning 1>1.the 'wi:t'~.

ttI<1I~

'U-~ e1:lieJr

Now 1: wril.,l ~,.1.1 YQl.li :~, ieAOC'IH::N!:!I!;~ bat.ee!Ql' o' ,1m.(!I, Wai.'I;, th¥ (:Ian ~"

art! nu:m:lnrg'

W!:'I_!:!Q 't'h_

'I):ml8

'Ql3t

elf' ~ Clm::'

,;i wooden box Q'"rn, :£1@0<';, open ~id.!!i: up, .cu.t: -t'o'lO nO!;;C'he~, in middle so. C<!.l1PU,t ill. QtiA!-e-!g!;h o.f ~D .ifi'Ch '!:.hi,ok: Md, ,eigliteetn-illch long ooppe'~ wlre a.<::1'QS:!i the boX. .. E'U;t tI!.E!J "<Iiix'e olJle ~d Ea.ll:t, the Qth..e:r W@i.:. • St·08Y YQ1<l-rseJ.f roles't, :I)ut car battery s:out;h $ideof the '/bo;!{ wsie;i-vG; t:.m::minOil hs·t.· negatiVii!t t'w:mi.il~~ 'rte,sl:, .. •' {J'e·to two :flexible leads andf.Olllr diPlO: to ht, 't:.he batt.@;ty a.nd t:tleba:re

-"

~i;t:!;lt ptI't:

you

~r.'''''ire.

,.

.•

cennlC!c:e the :Ilia!it 'iil'OO 0:'; t.he OQP"P~ '11>':1.;:<9' w1till po.sU.:ivE'< t.m:mi'llal, We-Ei't end ·of the ooppe£i: wi,:re ""ltb. '!;fie 'i:I§.t:. !;·:i,de, flexihle: lea,d. lea.va the ~ormect;.i'o,n ~.;i,.l,:h nesa,t-ive te-.naililal opeil.

cl;j.p

I::M:,

~
• !.

.~

CD
>t'!
Q,

]d
thj!, c<"pp8r

.. &~J(, [;1>'00 piec'eei of ehe st.eel fis:hing -Ul:leJ QIl.E! in0::11 lontJ, .. P\I.t::.,ea.·en piec:e by 'middle M,:coa=:;: theco,pparwi~e, ene M 't:.o,p of "oIl,re and ·tll\e ·Qt.1'te:;·,IIJlJde.l:'" 1 h.old w!l;:hyo~.n:· finge.l.'$! • •' t'I,Q\\! t,QuC'h the ne;gatiVo6 terminaJ. with the l.~tm~ cHiP, '. ho'l~ ~'I,t;il 'the (:o!PP~ ...:;,ire g'Qi:s, ho,~. '. Take them Q~ f, !;lOti! you t1...\!"a 'Ir.\i!Q .1!I!!IiljJCl--e,t,S, '. hr;l!n~ them. 1£Ip by ll'b!ld.dl,(! in f !Oie 't:,_hread.
Ii,

T'ne 1l!~e,:z; I'M.gn~t w,illi:'.i!mlJt.lro~ay ~rQI.l!Jld,

i't i!'l

n.C!'ii,

W~ t'hg o:nemh)'!li

· U'l .....

tU!:1'l

'~.

'·"0'"
o
"'-".-. " ......

,'-"'"

~ !lt~eak !ti,.v'IOl' inc_hes 1"Mg' piec'l:! ,of til!! fubing line. ~P"'I~ th.€! middle of the, wi:re: act'OE:> and O-I.'1! tgp 0:1: the ao.,ppel):' w~ir~. • t O\l,o'h tl':Le b<iIi.t e.er)' ,

~, nold nntll the oopper wi~e ~ec~.h~t.

.. di,p t.be' middle o£eb~
\'l',U: 1

w,t~

iii ken

fn~~s.,
'thi s equ i~t.

't;.'lWn you

see

how long

~ roDJ~'~

oarn be IMJ!te! with

~
"',

:B:!:"ea'ko,!"-,,' c\l·tseve:r~l pieQ!!!S: ot t.M hard :!ieee.l ;U~ing betlNee..l'I ~.e PO.)I~S 0'£ th.e; u sb<l:pe mm:llne·1;;" :nQW baLd two ;Pieo~s of t:he sl:fml liire ends 'l,IJl\i ru<,;;l~. the c:~e:1;' wi:t:'e, and, th~ QI:;h.or No!t"tb. s i.de, 'the: ilema"
C(l~~:r
!'Ji:t'll. Mld J;.()l!I.ch the ba!;'t,.~ry,

wi:!:'e;

alll

lOIl9'<lS

to

go:!
0;£

ol:le· 1;IiI:,@,
'11l1:'l't1~ j tls:t

Sout.h sidi!J .be:lwlf ithe

,.

:H,ol!:l 't.i9he

" hold
Ii,

IltI'Iti). !::he coppeJ:'

wirB, g';atB h¢-t,.

N [~: I~S
'!/>I

.' •

now hang th~ U/,P IUWeir ef.ld just'; <iOOV'OC the Gower wir!:ii., t.ouci!li batt~,l!;he, south dd.f:;ma~l'I.Qt swiru;.! Sout'h,~fI.d ~~llei;. ""Hl ,EI~ia:J!3 N·O;it"t:h.:

mr

~nl

the N;.pll:"t'h Bide •

•. ~-::t

o .•
I~

P\llr;, t<l!1O p.LMe5: on WI;) of ~;n.., gC;~~ wire, U'ie end'll ]I.lSJI;. comte~ 'h":i:r~. ThOSE! ~[I.d<!! l~in5r on COP,P~I'·... . irQ, Oll~ poitlti:ngl 50u.~h ana

0° .'
over 'tb,e
9t:he!r

a liit~le

t:h~

~'OJ:th..

'. " •

h()ld t.iq.bt. '!;QuchbIlittety. hold uni;;.iJi. 't:::he <Jopper wlr.-e 91ili'l:Shot.. !;;'!;k.-e {l,ff l~nQOrle1poi;lltiJng ;Qul;l'l. is $Q1;l.tlili::'oie ~'ilneJt. N'arth ia uo:r'eh p~e lti;r(1ne.t..

and

."~' .~.
.0

the.

OnQ pol:p.1lll19

,0,°'
_
',E'

'1:1'

~ ..

..
•

..
'"

b!t tail Imda 00. ttle; C'<lppeJ: wire, oott.et;l theY' oo't:b ltiiU i!j:W'.ii.n9' SQ~t:~. ; Putooe 'ilJ.·re on top of' the, 'QOppe,_r ¥lire 'poin(:,ing 1'1,J,!;. 't:ble o,tlil!l:' bel{)wPD,intinq south"
hail~UP
t.ouch ma.,gtu!ll::ii2:e,

i'lLtt 0(['12 'Il.h'e pn !;,Qp' of !'4ot't.h" l>I<1.~et:i,~'B,

the. cIOpJ;le!r;' w'ire pointing

S'OUI::l!, otb

~low

P9intin!1l'

NO"!Ctb.

'"
'II'

:hMg'l1.p by t~il end llbo>vel;.he t.ouclt tbelldtt!en". bot.h ~~.et:s

ccp,p.er: wirot!:, ~tn ~''i\I'J.n9·~;ortl.'!.: ,

"'.,..'" I~

IJ>'A ;i(;~-N

\~.o
, (I

. ..a
'Ill

.,

.
I!J!I!

: '...'.: ..
...

,/./_~

/(

..............•...............
"'.

....

"

'~

.-" .

CuI;. !;Ii)!; '~iec:;e:s'Qi fj,~lJinr;J wire, (lit'll!; in~, lQn,g. put them by' llii,dQ.1.,e- I;ID, t~ ana ae:t'!)5S, the ocopPeJr • :Ho.ld e.i.gil'it'r .. touch ba'tt:,ety, ·iKhld unti.l co;?;liJ'l!j!r>'"ire gets 'I.'!!(]li;,. I • Ta_ke off, ,

"""ire.

.'0·,'°'
.' ,tr"'"' ='
,~

~,.'
"
::J'
wire

II

.'

,",.w,l Pl;!;t, !Jj'l.as:; Qve~ t:,'h'3l cop\lOle-r i!<;t:!. t'~. put. t.:h.,ose i$,U pli,e,ces ,of Ifi\!l.9I"lets en glaes, on ItJOP of 'ehe cowe-r le.ngthw'he jus't SQ I;:be ~dl5 don't 'eoucb ~bothe.r"

t::o'll,cl; i.:Q hat:,t:.eJ:Y.

the;y

1111l),'i11

tnrn

aC::weli;J, I;;h'B c::oppex-

,~,

wire,

.. ROl'lpull tht:ee: ~o $ou1toh side and thlre'E! 'if;oNorth, ~id.e ill t:he, 5aJf1E w~. lie rlO";.,r bu't about on.<lil,.,hil,!fCol ~ iu~h ai~!i fJtlcm tl:'i!;)1 ClI)ppe~ w:i1t'Iil, '. i::ouch bat,t:el('Y, th"e¥ ~ll w!l1 jo~ 011 'the ~pper' wi~e.

i:hey

~ ~

"""=T

:.::' ..._...

,M,

:=;:1,=:],

J1

'ot--.

o
,. NOWro,l1 ttXu. .Edx toget:he:.r'" le~ WQllJ' Ii:. ctreay bo"e't'l>er" loose" • ••

,and! Y(iU, ~in see :chat t;h.ey

• ,
•

• ,
•

Ma'JIlBc'i ge gnB pleeQ iii II Gh9pe t\*.t~nlBt. put NQrtl'i pole eo.m,'L:mow,!;: W1 th·~QlOPD~ w!.re·,. 'tll;l,t: S:ou,Jtl'i Pj)l!l!1 We~ I:" l:C!uCltl '~he ~tl:o:r.l:". the .1l!:4\Jllet. w.n.l '9:1','tl19 :left. Now pUr. ,so\lt:h Pole. E~a!t !lc:l.de ,[lut l?(!I11~ h~!: d~i!;. !;:hil> ·time the li'13iiiin.et '!1IlU

~:rtl1

t1.!_J;',ii

~i''ilht.

~---! • 01,

o
01£'1:.

g,

.....

,-,.

~ ~

.I·O·.····.~·····Q
II .'

" take' S'lus

It'

'il' '.,
'OJ 'il

'l'&kle OIlS n!l1co. Qf ~ iSl;:e~ filllbing wirle, .t3:i.lf! ,1n ~QnfU:ingji3'.M.d S~11! iih.~ _ is no :1fiA9I\e,!;: in. it. '!'1li.:-: .~tme helle1. ,the \IIi};!®. 'u;p. !U'i.dI C!O'filI'1, tllii! li~wer eng g[! '~Wiiil wil:'el, he;1d1 t:'l.ght.
'I'>o.udt 11lb;e balt,t@ry~

Q;'

the c4:lp~

bl)l~ WltiJ. 'i;l:i1!i C:0'~e1,"' wire, ge~15i hot:. 'rake it. o.l:f. Dipl.1,he. ""'il."\1.i: :h'l. iron ;U,l,iIl-gS • ' • and

VGU ~ill

i!l1!~

that

jt

is: no~mtet

.~.
~~ ~b :II!l!!;W!:'Ilttllli 'wi;t.!1. CUUli!iI!:;;" £r,om bart'I;GtZ::ll•• 1mQ. ~lIwi~lI, ,II, .~1~ w.il.E'I!U:!:e 'lUtia..l. .&1.1 liIaw, 'to ~ :plI(;; en ~bI. w1.;:-'\fi· 1~ p~~ ~ ''R'¥ IIQI "~.Ii,~ !1;h~1 iMr;nti!~1! wh:Lm. 8;0 com.:ng 'Oli!,;:' 11!i¢ t'hIIl ~, 'w.!1'l ~, ;~q in. .:b!i!! '!I!ei~1iJt lI,t!!l.Et.iGif £f1:omtlUI,mi,,1!41o o~ thw ~t..!I. aRcs' ~ 1::.0' itli!.El ~ ,alia..oo,e f~ ,ui! '1:10:m1~lIilD !ID4 ,,!~~fJ:5i1, .~" ai4

-<:- •.•

'You. have .'I::.e!l.d tlIat WI na:k~ ,11,S~U!l;ti l'o.l!li it! 111 cOIil end th~ irs ptlint.inll! to y--ou, Y01,ll'WiUha;vei;;;g nlQ pOll,it:iV'e Io'tLu..(:!i;.~.j;.Mty in tm CQiL in. .c'l,Qe~.~ ~~O!tiJml. ~ ean tel] you tlm,t tb_j!; pClElltJ.ve lel~l;d~!ty b:a!; n,ctlb.~ to do with I!!!.iIkin~ .I. Scul[l:i mn... lilt I?~l. in 'tbe ,coil. l!~ U :~oil,o ~Q1i!l;.h Z' If~ O i:.1lli!l.4e :!:!y' ,t'2I1!tli' O~liIia,lJBftil' ill, 't!:!. 1if.;Q' 'tb.8Y ~na' 'w,'f;ha ,~~~. ti!ll '!DAP!I;t-~. 'i,;i.t~b,II, !liI\.mll,ti!1 'vue., iiI;. &:U.WIlt'E!IIl:1Ii11l ·~ow :.t·l I!li!!!p~tlli ;aJ$, .~.

u.

..f-

.....-:r.

!lLe ..~ ,blilltt:,e,:y' tlMl N~rth~i!!1 _~tl!J ~, ou:t of ~~I;~lV\e,te~ll, ma B9~th E,olll!l _iirii.e'ttl1 run oat of' ~q8iti", 't,,~:mti'D.l.. 801:11, Jtirui., ,of miiglMi!:1111 ,~Q ~q. one, l;in4 or -,I!!,;!!,'gtl~t'll ag!l'ijj,ii~ 'titler 'Qnbillillr M~. mW. .,~., :tUJm!llm:iit.._~ IjU!lr rJ..;ilJ,f:-lum4 !!IIel.'f;lw~il.llbifliOI;l!,. ~ IlJlliinW tho 1Ig,e ~~l:!.~;: l:liQ,tio:n. _di ~11a/1iI' Oll!e kifid of 1M~~a, 'IIB'A'_'!I:i.~'1:. tlila ot._~,J:' :ki'IlC!.. 'liib8iy ~, ft;bir 'ow.a N!iPUltD, f':tiQ!D t:h w!~'Ct :m, appo.11i:<o dirllC!t.ionB" Tlitat i,~ w~ if 'yell! put a~gM;c ;ne~d iliCl!:'08'S the copPeir \'I'i~f.!r tol').{l (i~e:' ,i~ [(o.gh POoLe $,nd t!l:Ie' Qt:t;,~!i." end, SQUth 'lrole.
Dl.

tb_

e:n@

'.

....
~

1-'1
;
\

:\
I

.
'IP

s·• '\

,
<f

,r:;.

• •

C!e~ fo'!J:!: pieces iroll;, b~QI oll;O; WId of

o:f wir-e. si!i!--EiEl,i'lC:teen, ~,ix inches each

I;;i,ha

long,- tWo' copper ~,

•

two

~OEl:-

ba~k:

1;0

!.:'I$e. cUps

can liol'd ire, ~tl;.9;t'

Use, ~per

wire

•' Put both wires wi th :bill.'i:,t,e:i::y', 'l:iawe I~he ''oIl,;:'JI1l) end's Il~l::e'" • [noifJ' ut th1l 1'00$-9 ~ildstog~tbet;', p and pull !;'ltem, 8.wa:y
"', CQ.ilt'!~et

fJElS't • :£lfI cliPl~,

t:lum,

yOU

wiU

noti,c~ tbat

!Oome'tb.inqi.~

hQldi~

yO\!

i;l.ac.k.

When: you PUt tIle eIla~ tQqet.her. 'tl'l,e Iiorth and, Sciut'h Pole' IDaQ".Il.e'esOIl.'">EI!i!l.ssiWOlf;rQIII Qi1,e> wire to the o,th~r.:w.d in, doing; it. the)' palltlle lLI'ir-e 'crui!ls tQgl2Jthe,r,

You will

a,ee 't.be ;spaee I,left; where the aa,'SDet;s

"were, in ..

When you put

th.e,

@]'\oo

tcge:t:tl,er, th:e north

on!;! ~ii.re
1:;.0

'pas:s:blig frof.li

t:.~'e otber.

and south. pole 1!Il:agri.et.s are

1,:f tb~y: ,cannot pass 0V"eT to 't.ile o't,herwi::e, they e~-and t:.h@wiu and crea,'e.e. ,all exPafiding bubblE! wi t!l me'tali S',pa:rks it:illl!lliltg oue , ~lhent.b-e .bubble i,s, cO<;ll" break: it. up. .

" '"

N,QIQ ![r'llt the soft iron. w:irr~ .in th.t!i cl:1,P<lh :pu_~ r.:h.e. :loose>a·n& I:o.getliier s !Jffl. :r;ruU iihern. aWlIIl{. this t;iJfIe the Pllilil!iii~'ii' :'TI~~,tl;i bQl.d tile l:o"i:r~ 'el".dls 'tOgi~t:hfa-r ;e'j;;ron,91er" • 10 l'u"t: thfl ~ 'to'kliClttlE;g IilaftY' t..i:mef.i tbMl. yQ'.1 "will :il'!I:~ ~~ich VI'.i'l:'e,' end gets. :red

Ultst., 81Jltl whieh will malre the, bigger bubbJe ,in the eltd" Ht!tlc sparks OQlTling' ·out fr-(lrn, 't;he b\:ibblwl. 'St;.... tcht];L·e' i:nl:t;.1o:1,e;!;I whi Ie t:h>e¥ ar;e in 1 {quid te-rfll., e 9~it: 'I\Ii.ll ·tiiliile .i.n the ~r!ks
i!!,lN!

and ",a.tcbt..he

t;hen ~~ Tb.~e
mt the

b>..lh'llle t!-KI:t tSat:tlll!,c:l"~iD&r ia; -W:iiLirl1mr

{trouno.

lltCle

:!''Q'1I,l sG~

,IM'gI'letc

t.he

cci!l1i!l\9' ~t Qf t:'!'i.6 ·bu.bble, ttlay .axe nQ't:. 't:b..elJ:@·gnet!;l" one!!> ,,",hj;.c;h tn)r;~' th1il' ~p,,;I,"~$ 'QUit ,of the 'l:nrbhle$.

~'rum.. al.1 the fMirlleca: that are in. t'l:;,.e wi.re, it' they c~:rmot. ~~1;1$ o1Jlert:Q the '()!tb.<et:'. wlr~,l:~e<y are> ~dir.g the bubble and running out of a and c..n"ryins 'tm 1'111<"~ IOipad:g r,,;li tnt-hem" iihen tn :~bl. it!! 'coo:l.. bQiik it w. ~i!i:1't ~Q\!I. wtil:l (joe t-he "p1Il;CIt!, ,l.£t .h61r!111 'tln~ ~.t1B in"

"'*~.

'\

Someti:mes

th.e:r.;ll is '!'!lore ·o,f Nort.b. pole

POlB

,magneiEs.,

1'lIIiI.,g:nets t:ban ther'~ i,s ;S;out.,~

1})i:s

inc1uq1es, geUe;"ators

w11ich do trot ,r.w1L the fr~ iQi" base.

South

polfil m<1I9~t.~

in

of 11!Itlbm:;,. QIl.e .by $1:,:: .i~s. a .. f~~ lQlng, t0get:MI:' ~ ~~lllt ,Oll/O'Ues n.tl,i;:. ¢n. Hoor 11M the other on top I:..l:v.! M~es \19 and dow. ... Qu.!:~. notch. :h'l, ~~ .. i.n nptl<E!lr ~ie,c~, fQI,g incho;)£: deep DJnd ,M nigh ,;tEl il;;o hold. .~. pi(!O:'I3,O'f wo.od Qr bra:ss~ ehat WQ1J.1d~1i)1d n.lliet11e, point:;;; in endg m.d liia~ .!I! ho1:& inm1ddLe t¢ JWld the th;-·ee-·£QI;>I;: magnet. • Get:
Cr;,,10 pie(;ei>

.' ~~il.. t.h~

'" • •

!1i&l,M';oe, the! mtl!gno8l'i::, gloQd .IiJQ it. W'O'idd. !l;,toop Cin ita .:f'.lghl'l :rrm{ll:'ll!lt;iJc poai'U~r.I!> NQi.\I p:\,le th. I e8ir' batol!XY' ,south side posit.i~· terrnincil ~~t. ati.d! liBgiat:i.'\Ml
termin:rt1 ri!less!!; .•.

• .. hold tl\e
lll.IIl.~t.

(:10'!l!!'i9ct; the O!1Jd Gorwecl;

's e·nd.

F.~:t end. of tha CC£gporr w,i;pe 'i'ilit'h pot;;:itive teU!1J,]i&l tbJ!:: Wc::'St end of th@' ~'9Sl~ w~~e' wt~h. the, Wilst side ],iE!a4. CQiPper w.il;"'@ jlJstOlJoo .... CihA;, IlIlIlt]net e a f.OIImX't:er Qfan .i:nch Non:!'!

of

..
'.

hold

':.!'QuoJn.

in lWel and. ~~:re. the. l:.)Q,ttel;:-Y·, t:hm\ ye.'U wHl

osee

tliQ

IMa!nee

1!O?1.ingimllR<i;i'i1i;.

lr···~fr~· .. t~
r;] ::L/"O
I~,(II

.'

'.

," •
•

•.

C'GlillIl.e;::;:t EilI,:oIl: ~Oi Qf~p",er - ;'\liI:~ "",j, e~ Erlat side :leall,. put. the CQp;p~~ wire 0%1 to;p Oi~ t:he '~J!.I:. '" q);l1I.rte:r' of an i:nc'b scrn.t.'h of ~n-e,t 'oS e..'td .• 1i:,t;i')l.r;] ~, ·c~ wj,J<~' j'us't above in ~ .. 'W:i'I:e and le,..-ei. t;oo.O!1tI::hE;; '[;Klsit i'!le te.nninal. 'clle.n you TdUJi see thi! l1".aqnel;. ;;,~1'119f:ng ~!j'e,;:I:: •

C;OIUl;8(:t:

West end of the .copper ~ire ",1tl:l neg:ativ:e 'te:l1!iina.l.

'1;:1: ,~ ::tt;hlM
,!:'M..P'e'I;i,i;

battery
'I;.b,~

i,e ~J.1.J!, !."~~<!.~

is right. ~·gnet ,s'trClil9 'ewJUq!:l, tM, .same t;.hin,g' ~v<e:t¥ 11;.im$.

,aoo th..:

~Agll;!,,·t

J;'Qd ~1M!':,ed '!iJQQd

t;,~d,

g·~~:t.O'u
diir,e,.ccl!.{

:I$~t*1:'l,lt!!~ not, mrado ~lpt,., SOiriie~_hg", 'I;t!~e lira ,~ of' ~-Hh PQl'iI!I ~'" u ,S'OUit-h 'fI:lJ.J!I. ~".,. ~ i&Culd hll' ,~, Th.e ~WlIie a'S frQllll wh,lch do n,¢it :r:\U1, the S¢i<lt:b: Pol.e ~ne"a. in .f~ame, 0'1." ~a:!!!" hut. r-I,l."', away the !S~ as they run !:h.e NOl;:'til Pole IIliIligne'r.s.

F,r.om t.bIil :r.o:L~ rc.ir;r;D.t.

'. '. '. '.
,I it

.:g~r:im:ml,:, ~

_U1

_0

~t,

t'I:riB

batli:el:lT 1.11 not the

~C4~

put. c:l1l1.!mBigIl~i; In. a.E'l8 ]~l.. ~i th t:;he copp'e:o 'wi~e'. Ke.ep·i:he CQPP~r w~r~ ~nd a 1 :l::t.tle O!.w.-a_y fr.o_ml'l'lo!l~t· 3 N'orth ~ole • C<loo,eet east le4d w:i.'th 'positive termina.l, ,~ ta'Ptila' Mgni ...-et;.-e-r:rnilVll -i:le~l:"011 tim~ with t:h_elO¢ifj,e~Up. and see wh<1:t eh-:e )lBgm,e'i: 1.,5doiil,g. '. Change th'Q tem.ci:r:",l, '. chai.Jl,gl'e .. he. tltPP_ins, '. move 'ehe bOx iliid CC>pp~ wire to the SOllt'h Pole end.. t'GP~tthe· ~anne thi,ngI. '1'heJQ y.ou ~,UL notio~ ~om;~ti~__es;nt:! !!Oppm:- 'wi:t'e end!. p-tIJ!lhea: ~~ t ~,g:l'i'!t, ,allCi sOli'i2~imes ,:I",t; pulls; i,l;;. ir:=, ,"_!"Ji;jjJ th,li! ",.~ th.i:ns ~~!!,;I m!!.qne'l;;. ,<lind SlOI'dEIJtiJr;e;f;; i'l: ,a()6S ne'thing., Ute !i~!f;'I;'h. .Pole ·"• .j:t.h SO>'.:Ith l1I\o:le

Put t'f'ii!l; O<lm,;>e:t" wire IiicJ::O'SS 'the 'b¢:K, Qfif!! end cornt>eci::OllI,G Lead ~ foot. likis'lr, fr'am ii3~_s.~. enri <!i_lltlUi:e'Ql;:h..n: le<l.~ 'oIfitb ~ast e:."l.d. '00.11">9' a magn$.t. in ~ic!e:l:' .... eiD.

EltS't.

Q'ilier

~.

'l\l'CI!!<st ,.

•
• •

batterY':li

kNl'l draii1

Connect the leads 'l1>'ith bt!,t,teu's termin~la to m<!II~e:!i loop, tb,;3: l;@l!.d~ Oil the e;~ Levell 1i.!:L'th ba.t;I;.!:!it"Y'. e. h<a!119i:ng 'magnet ,ocV'e.t"e.he lO!)p' liI'l,d tii;l.~ CCi1mect..t.Q,t:l<S ,bet!;9:e~

te:a:n.irnal~.
th,,<!'t Sllilr.e

the;

You will (futsid,e,

bet,"'l~!;!I!

~I?~

,!I,nil the:

QnEi end of tho ma<lln~t. k:ae],'IG:i.n:sid,e thE'! loop. and Ch~ Qt,he;r;: , tIO.Jln,i) 'hap~s ~'lhe<l. tbe IMgnet ¢it,oa;~:e\!i;tlte ~onn.eb't.il)i'l, '

t:h,e Iltarlli:i:l.1:Il-s.

w:o\md tmtill::'h,B ~, v.u~ by' (:_t,r,i;t~/al

KKlS,iOiessed DUs.hing

~~,!I ,~~~t h!4Lcat"'i! tiMt t:.~, .aRb. lIl:I~ ~th Bo:!i.o ~.t ~r;tMlU: ~~,!,li!I not QD!l.iif ~q f~ Qn'8, 't.~n&l. 't.9 the, othu'. :but ,aro ~Mi;I:I'Il II:~~ :in ,iIID a,i.'I;)~t~,c,I az:- ~t: •.. ·oDl.y ruPttLq 't;iIu, 'B~. lmt u- ~£q' ;nmy' 'tu..:B!

.m!!, ~tl'i Po1 ... id1n~.:JI. ':eO~~Ii. ,11M • C!~"

ItJM

O~""

~t.
.

~.It;, ~_

gut o:i!'! '!:lie

'J,ler'e in tlu~ir (llmlL !::~rmtn.Ell.e ~ or.ly 't:;~ ,acqu{..reJ onb if e1'w: Q<th~r kind QI!! lMiafi~t,~ m:e itl' front of tbem, like/the p€'manent iI:Ila!i<iiI'l€t:s if you pull;; tlle opp;og,i~:e magnet in front of 1t, [;chen di,~ will h.(lJLd togo!!tJ'!,er Tl':i,e ISaIJI,e way 7tCl'lJih.8."Iffl docn.e wiil::h t:ha ·!li;:.:: inches 10n'l:l l."ieG!;!1> of C!QP.~r M~ is'Q;f't. jHro.'! w~r,~.,
poower.

IoilJlile the NQI:ttl Elillid: $lol1t:h ilole rna~",,:s

'~'~ui:n-;POW;;!"

:r.r,om • ;QQ~ti~ 'ri't.h the ,P"'rmatLlHlt: .an ~4e ~ ~m!J inll: lI';lnit~. 'Wiin f~

~t'"

C&1: bat:'I;.O~

RI1i:J.'t:h .rn\S'otl!eh~a~
:lbatbllC¥.,

Y'O-\1.

~an

,iii.

"I;~~ :p~hCl:ipllii how bdlivJ.Clt\!l;:U __ .,It ~%i'D't\tI

0' )

1'rCi>'

did

Ro",,~ib ~

t,he,~It,tll g~ Soaij;h 11101., :ill&Q1Wt,'

,1I.tt~ '8WIi~g'

~r,j

tiM.: '•• .I;'i::h

tlll!v

the';'!il?' • • • M ~ liidd ,i:a: 'i;'!;!;e ~:!i.:D:m:~. 'tb:o o!It'f!I 'the ~1;uDLCi ;fOJ:'I;.", ,~ hCl.4Itoglllt.b.r

orI, i;~.

~~. iiioet;lli:!..!li, _.d ;t'I~~~t:·iiil,a. ho'nI,!!IO.r:~, o.! tbl!i! ~~II' tliDll ,otb~. n,i1 ~;h .utd ~tfi ,fo;]le, .'ifflA!ift:8i. 1$i!J' ;lOW.@!!\" 1'0111n:l:!.t!l, up ,~, ~iih for ifist'illn,ee. In ~oMil1g til ma!'W~eti ,ta~e ,tliie, i\:ocldi!l91 .rod du.m a:nQ. put it o."l. thel>'elClJ:l:.ng, ir'I e)..!;!.C:'I:.roplati:ng they' [pI.1;t 0«1$ IIl.etd Q<JtI tb.eo-th.ex-, -nnd ,U Y01,l, !l;!1,i:!itna .metal too. mulCh in an I1!ileetric furiUJiee the m@!t.al \\I'dl !:li.sappear in air.

_'I!'i!

,Clo_"

'rne

·Ho:::t.h

0IJP..::l.;i1;o'l,,t'tb :E'¢.1'i!J l!!iaqnet s were

!put

in

i:1i·!!: car

t;~.t;l>ary

by '" gem:n:;ato.r.

~'\ihe!'l. t:lul.NO'!"i;;!:l ~nd ,;:Sou b 'il-ole masme-~,:; wen::. .. QhM'~e t'hail:.&l.eld!. th~ IlWIgnee_$ e1'lemsel V"eS •
1:.<i.1;@~

in 'el:il@i oo.t;:.eg:y

'i;he..li" 'built:

Ul.?

lI!

se~ld!!i!

00 the acid! t,OIl;;es the ~t'!;,er ,in va;tl;:~ and is~;!:at~~: ihe IM,qMt:; t'h.em eo the!::t' 'O!.\m, ltA;!minalL;l .. <tt!i.d- ft'ot!'L t:p..-er'9. el"aw el~' Ol~t.. b;;i.t.M~:ies,

and

1m, other
~~.'!;;.i

:rna~net~ to ~.i.t!.v~termirtal.md(

too seid

veee:~ir:tal.

b~}:,(!ls the :i".inc holds the

il1 parL:~ and. ,s~(ll:l sout.h Polflrna,g,:le>li:lii

Ql,lt

by 1':S'df

tr..e

.No.r-l:i'L ~Q\loii!

foor

w1_1

Wl'ira-n t:lui:! Conn~;Ctio.fi$

¢'¢me

,~re 1!l6t~e it.h£:; r:w."",gnet,swill {:~ out l,lI'lcUL t.M ,gin'l:: ;,IfHI l~§t. W",&ur:It ·tJ'iil! z~

·Qf th~ h"",t.te!rY and is gone t'l:m miJ!~eU !lIe

gO,f.le. too.

'The ,sPl2 is tr--Y.e if you, pout. i:oO'.ll in <!i(:,-a, .and s~ ¢Itihor metals. f= eh~ Ol:.h~l;" 1;,~~ifial_ 'Mldwben, the' cO'lltl.6C!'ticn..s ar<l, lMd'e lfuta! IMgnet.. w.il.l cOllI!e ,out. of the b!lltt:.eJ~,bu't. lOI'l'liel'l the, il:"Ofl is 9'0fi~ ·t~ Ill'S!!QI"H!!oU a:re 'OI'~. 'COQ,
'~~ !l!J:IOul.d ))0, Bd,f.UCliJ..~ lWidliDgr t~8th.r e.v~th~'.· ~ 10• • ~~

t~

~th

'iKltl ~.tA

Pol. rupal:.B

,are

Next

~g!l.~t: e , and

l '""HI ·t::e.ll :ycru :ho'/I lI'I2lgrne,tic cil.1:'~t!l: t.b,tyl '1>"1 titnu\:. eilc.he.r.

a:re made by' pe'rmttneIJt:

~a

e..leccrie

Maki:ng Maggeti,c Currea,t,

with pe'tma'Dant and el'eccri.,c ~gaets,

eit:her ..

ana, wi tb.ou.t

. .!..hiD 'I!:.~ E},e,c!:ri<a,

YQT.:L

W;il!.1 iIQa'ke, ,~
t~£oae.:.

't;flJ.~,~_he, uJ!ftld
glML&a'tCiJ:'

,:ea.£' fO\(:t' ~1!I'.:iI.

_g,lWlt.,

..nil! holda~

'i:lIf

pe~.tU!a:J,

mot-J,,~.

•
• • ..
•

5b<1l1XIIeateh ,prong '" foot l@lll9" make 1;:1'>'00 s!;oolls, ,h:om 'braSs or {;}.le, 1Ml:' 1;;0 giO in,

Bend ,iron

'0('

ooft

steel

b.u: Qne .and onehal:f

ir,;,cl:t ,irll, diamet,er, ~M :lin .!i, tI .,nd th,:::ee itlic!:',lils ~t.;ae~ 'the ,pr(Jt:1!f,J,o. al'ilill.'lill~, six 1~n{;:'~e$ lon,g .,nd big mtO'u,gh ,E,i;);'::
iru:ulat,ed i,'~ 'will co})p@r wire, ~.i~e ~ixt;.~€'I'l, '!iJO. (;In :each

WJ.nd. fi'ft·~en,
~po:)Q,l.

htHJ.dr;ed,

~U1:.'I:\S

of
,oW

b>ut

Oll 0.5,

cl():;l,e, to the, berul

cornn&C~ the. boJi,tt;!!lt::y wf.'th !:1to;icQil;s so I;ihll.t e",cb C'<l:~E'e)]t 15 ;nIntlinq coils <l;if:. t'he. Sa.me tj.me, and flO C,liat g',liIeend ot the bar i~ 'GOirth~ol,e ,t,be OIi:~r 8Qu~h iI1'~.1!E. W_ ~ haft 1m, 81e<:t,t.~1c IMP_e.

1n bot:h
W!;,d,

'fhl.:19i '~iM tM $UlO Uing 'Mill ~ it w.:U'l no 'be' ~cm.oml-~l., jrt. is

L

only

t¥M!IIfO~_~.
'~I~

5nO'l1

m.QW ,01,

t.J;:£l:M!\,oqo.er wgr'ks:.

,of f,U:'Ii:~~ li.~ed tIU'~if.ii ""1'th insul,Olib<!,a. cOPPI\!it" !'I:.i;t'et, sil!ll! On ~, spO<il ls;ss tba,n, !;;hs~e; inG-hes 1;on9, ;so t,h&e O1I.e inch and ~, ~lf ~~r,;t iron r,od can go in eat:y, ,. ge'!; ewo rWs", onoQtlttElc. !;he ol'.;~ ,d>t i't'i-Ch~!j. lon~. :If ~s,s.i.ble b~,... 'th,!;!1i'L "C: ,from ,imil'l.a&ed j.l.':Oil.. • Get ~O ra.dio blu,·e bQad., ~:ix; ~¢ ai~lil:);-wl~ :lLi~ht J::r.ulbS,. • NOW corm0c!: QJ!le light :I;)\!lbwith th.e, t;hne~int:h,ceH, .. Wt the. ;;:a.lll w:l.th.out .. ~ e"OrEi''loeti!l~en the ,LoQ'sEien~ii' Q~ '!:he :1.,:';'00 p'rOl1g1S, • oonn~, .. 't.ile :;:ix-';Lru:::h CO,.iifl, \!lith ~,t,t@ry',
iO

W;:i.ntl <Ii

e.4lh~~M'l;.

-coil

•
..

:tBaV'e!l'eg:ativ.et:eminal
\l'otp t:fue ~at.iv@; "urn ~d ...

o.~m:'I,
tn.QTl.
yo'l.'I.

t:.e,ri'tiiQ],

win see t,hQ wi.r>e imlw~ tlJe H~ht

bu.lb

• t* '

•'

'Put

the

;;b::on

GQ!r€:

in

tbe

OOn·;9; '];l()ie •

ba.tb~ry.

t,hls-- '~it:te 't wi!lmali;e

Ught..

-UI'lli0' ) WhY di.d it not maJo:el jlliJl-»i: as m'llctl, 1.i'9lhe the fhs,1;, tiI!!.iO!" ei1e 'bi!ttt:l!!~ Pl:li.o j\:l~t, ·as !iW.,c:h ~9I)et in tho,liEi irolt.l;l.1'ongs thl!!- firJSt:; t~~'M H. did t.he bIOi!:: 't:,~, b'.lt a~ yQU seQ, " . 't.he coil d.1dl'IO,t g;eli:.th~ jlI;!i9"'DE!1;iI!!.
Wow lrOU
( IIO£[I;

s_
.i~

,the
hall'

'50~t:
.(1;

iron.

M-Ill ~, 40

l.ottO

:l~t '1:0, do 'to ~. ~'!:'J't .~Jl\I!I' ~UO'

lflIIg:D.ilUC; C!U'~cm,t.••
CU~&~~ ,

~gl1:et.i<:!

QIl!ly get

~nl.1it,s,

or i,f lfCIU, Wil.nr!,: to US',hl.: & f we, pbI't:. O:bst,~IlI~t:::iafil!!

can H.

in: i:.he ,H,ght },jIjjl~,,,

e,le.etdc

'c:~re:i1l,t"

lM.ke .1l.Q J!.i.ij'ht.",

we,

:In tlUl light.

e~ailll',.
,GO

it:hay heal;:,

bi.l.l~

t:.he.wi:re is eo iSma:U ~tml:,all. iMQ'l'Iets ca.r.;_not p.ali'!l ,th:rOou;;ii'I t:.he wire up apd. bJi1:"1l! a;n¢l '~t.e ~1.:i.911t:.

woul$l, disi'l.i:pttl;.e·i~ ai~.

b.1t.t;ery
blLllb
~j!,$

I:f the' whe in !:h:e. light 'bu.lb had beom as la.rg,~ J.,lld~ OI:~ i'l~ j"ifi ¢l.!.t~jafJ tbmt t.Mir,e-i'iou;ld be, nQ H,qhl:. The~ t;:,lw.'!!!l! .ltldividu:al ,Wlgt.ll!lJt.S 'if"hie..n ar,e .il~ t:lIe ooil
:NQ~'i::b and!

Both

soueb Poil,@' i:ad1v'idll!8.1 inilQlDl!!l1::ol!lrrerntSl '<l'ldeh. ~,,_me QUIl:; of elit(! Car aI!J:dwen!; in the tr.uliS!Qm.er We1:'e~.ire<:'t. GIlt'OntJ;!. wt.. ,the 1igbt: in I:ile c~us,ed. by' al'll:.e:J::maUmjClUrreni:a.
I!:hlIt

~~AI!o,_

t~"'~:rla;

~l,y~

MI>(u:fI

~Ui

~'IoIo.

=I:I~~B,

<me

!J#.arh:Llu;, tll# "'U!;~'.~

o.l'I.e

""".",,.,.~

1I1Q;l'iI'

~I'.rtoii: nm"

nm

'tke::.'''

tL'!l~, ~;;. :~

'I'

tlJ'
,/,

,i 'II I,

,!

,I'

'l

Gj

}' ."

,
,AP'I ~'P' ,,..,At:t6!lt:tI\ioilH6 Pl:I~E .. &~c,."f 'P~

...

~,- 'um / ..~(um

,;/
.

,
.

-,0-'
tiP'

_'!-:

tj"!I'J" II

lAP.

2.1

''lou, 't;I:',lUliSf~d mL'Z:I:"Imt.a 01i!rren:t1!! h1i. lII~nmgt'.h..

~tId,.

HiOW'1:

'rin

!:eU

yon how to

t:r:!UWJign;j,

':Ill:! :III,lI;D Mllhuri'¥.o:U~a,Q'I! :y.o1!!. 'rind ,ttl.• 11'11$1 :~le,r tg·b:v4l1 !la:&:lI;'vo1UQ8I ~d1, tlH! (lO,U ",t-h, b:L~ wtAI

'!:<'In

"'be

and'mDE".

Ig_ji. 1,.11'.

t;u:~.

euma ·utd

'I',he dlfi'ex::t"!n<:f! now is t;1\tat 'this traIls,fot',mID:' wtk,eBa1t:ernaUng CUil:1"!mts di~~ t I';UI;r;:'L'Em·tI!I <lind the '!iiJG'll$r' I ine tr~s f'~(:n '~Q ;~,l:"~n'lat!n9',t;lX!:'~t~
:!ltO'lk.e; <'iIlt~tuiting
c'ij"t'~i!!llI&.lJ •

o
1:1'l

frOllt

to-

,~

(ma!,I.lile;t"Ql{!-s) • but ill [pOWln." line tl:~!!f:o=er-S! the i;lQi&i:'i't:itj!s: t~e;"E poles I a.lteI:!:'I!lt.@. I:n pO!.i!e:c line: 'tr'aMfo!\fi~t:'s the CM"r>ent!Oi- ll1yaxe o 1>;1;mQtion.i!lnd. :!I:I:I 1i:-Ai~t:i:';t;.tUI,f():rll\'e!!!" th'B curre..>l!:'s a'l:."EI in, .mot.iO'lJ. 01,00 yOlIl, a;~,,, too.

H' l )9' Dr'" Af" 'i:lUs' ~~f.!.sfcli';,me:r, the it"on prong; e~iii'l !'<miaI!:n t'll.e is,arne I'!'!.(!_gne.Ucpolla.:r:U;,li'

"7' I

il')

a~<i

~~

e€I

'UIUl--·',_.r(t'IUm~1'"

:ii '" 1.

to

XI]: .t!l,e; fhe,t,

US''i!'

a aamnrut:ator.

pl~~~ <l1J1 ClJiiIC,n!i'llCs;

&i:(;!

alter-nilJ.:in.-Q., 'l'O

gi~i;

dilM:let.

c;u:r~f;s

we

n'I'V'~

way h.Y f'nl,,tn~ ,tho Qoil' ,8 ,puf!IIh ,t:~ ~"0;1~ and ll!:!.to thil coU.
,1I1UlM

Trat!~rfo~,ili

Ul,;iI g:Q.l!le:tc~,tl,Qit'II' :!mY g!!(l:r!iptio)l, ,0£

!;nlll CQi:~

with

are

~1iI'

1Mt1Pl$i;:>i!i

t:lie ~ent,s, in tlw and Lnidug ebe i~n ,~o~

'. Cor:mect.~he bllt t,Q:t.y W'j ttl t'ha glee1:ri.c fI11Ig'<!lert • it 'l'riUlJe .. su t ttle 't....lu;'$!!,!,n inell: c:.o.11 O;~t,owe~f.ii~ l.r.on prongs. t • and, CQke, it 01.1.1;:., .. do :6.,t. :f,s,sl!.
• r~'i!at

Held

~'i!!'t

new.

it.

I SI:lppnuo YQ~l had a wneel ~d iMin.,Y (lei lSi .around the wheel. tllLnd3Q'. t;.lleift you lfiohi.M.. 'I:'iem.i'!~d_nQ· ;:ind~ of lig'hr~. all 00 'M·t. Mke. tbe· ll'I<I.cl:t.lne. I ",lr~,ady .M.VO t.hoe appli;:;at.ion :ifo'~ ·!1iI.l;;ent :ill th$ ~·t:,ellt, OHice. ,:I: _dlet~i!:l.'ffti:'ene :1Ii.aC!iirruizeo ~ :1!I1I!;:grj;e.tit: ClI.l.r1'e'l:I~'!!, bwt ::i!1: f'mmi! tM!!! ·cQGl:il!l:I.(tt1IO~'IiIO'~e&[I i:!18l.idI ~1!!i!!!!t8 ~d co.ll", th4I! m;:UJt'i!lI~fit!le:l:1't'.'

.. "~t

I:..hE!CiOU in

!1)lcr..-rly and

taJI.e .it ;;)ut

~,el:l,t:!!I.,

1ilJ.~",1y"

tlren

y.Q:g

!<l.ill .o:aveno

H'S'ht.

'That wU.t ~,
•
'rO

to ~
)J,;;mg

mam:!'O't.ie
S\li<I.l.IU

tlw dIU h

~tlmt;. p;t;Q-l1@.iS,

lies even •. ~!'ln¢let. Che bai::t@;i::"Y' wil:h

UOI\" '1';111;1:1

~'t

t~e !i,ix-,incb

:t'w on tOP 'Of the t.W(l' ir·Qn

:~Il·et

!.it: 'i'I~

'!:II;)

i',,"

rel,tlot.rie

:fo:r 1I 1l.jit;t.1Q wb1le.

"

oonnQC'j; 'f-bre,li~t. blJ,llb w\il::htoo ,el,.act:i:tic ~f~"rli;. t;hs, ,sa.me· ~y H. wa~ ewm.ec ted w ,,'her ba,e telry, .. now pull Cifftbe d ....... il'lG'hlAmg b<Ji~,do i·~qu.:i.lt;;kJ!.y" •

dbcO'rutGc.t eheh!ltt:.ezy

then you 1!i'iU

see li,gl!J.t:. .:iln t.~

l;il,!.l'b .'

e ... =>;»

®,,,.' - ........C,···mu,'.'1 -

'1-

UI~UI..-I

• c:o.moeot the, :bait:.te:nr tiP lI9'IItii.·[! '~ith 'the ~le,(:·t.l."i~ maane't., • P\lii;.'th~ kI<!,:I; ;i,crol;s· the. 'iron ~C-I$,$. ~, hold .~,i>I'hi lEi,

dii1Jcoooe:ct tbe i»J;;,t;,cxy.

:now

!ilia til..,t,d", ,~.t. boldla· ~Qfjr!;\]~ motiO:A. If not dist"urbed :it~::U.IluI:. indefi~ite1l!'- ... r held it: i:n this pMlitlon 'f,olt' s.b:: :Ir:i.o_!IitliliEi. and roihen J; l;rn.l1·etJ Q:ff the six=ine-n be.r l~OI; just as: llL1,1!~h l:igihtQ'lJrt. 0'£' it ·iltS Igtl.t, in ~~e first: time.
Q):'.b.it..

'l'hh ,~:t"i!D.~'t m:!!;gD,ai;;.jj .:in ~.

a:J!t.ows that. ,it' :;rOIl lIiC,ilIl:'bM:i .•, HGz::tl!. ~d Itl'len. t'l1liY wil.111 RO'fI\OJ:' .:~.

hu<l:liI.

:Ii!Q;J!.ermti:v5.~\'!!1!.Jl i

r
;

h
!

11
I

I u
~
.

~,

: t U\

. ) ~"il>O,14 .. 1TIl)1 6

-1..

!I

~~1 rn~l,;: 1.[21100 ti.!rl'lS

liS.li:~
l,9'I):O;(I

3 imdh (7,62: "1m,)

t.
1, .... ·-···,··_-

.:1"01'

r.s

~fi~~g

,(s;,n ~m)

~po~

DT~
..I. ~~-.E-~i

,~>:ih (':;!.~~ ~.... )

~Ind~ (J2;7 em)

~.·· .... --·I-lj-----:l- ......... .--'--'

..... ,

.' ~--~~~----~~~~~~~.-+' I ~
11.,$

'1;---

'I n

,::3

Th!i!i ml.4~J.nl!l' IMpDllst'httt ~ hIli:r • •'

hanG' I;lD

M4 dolm.

t:h"¥liho:~'

~~t:.b:aiE'

ill

!!I(lr1:Ji.on,l'lU!~

•'
'I;

H.oJ!.d the ~l:'p(l;tUlQ.lrnot:.i,on. hOlder NQ"r~ ~JI.~ ::TIaQJ:!'ef1i;. {O);' D-tih' ~.a, £.rt~t]1 ,SO~l;.h, Pole !1Wgru;.,I;~~na.l {o.r pole. ~ Ille'e:t;,I s . nO\\l' ;r'l;tise i.,t uP e;;lGtd,Y '1;0, tl;rQ SOl.!!th ~olo 1lan9lifiQImagnet, then YQl!.l will S'oUo ;:>ol,e, ll;an~'.in91 !!@,g·tte;t ~~bg lll'lir;r SOu!::"h.

<'lind
aM

'.

No", put tho perp(!tual rn1.~e ~ sl'oWl,y, ehMI,

Nor'th.

tn.

the

ilI¢t ...

yOM

cn ,hQilldJerWlde:r the Norell Pole h<1R9ill9i ,mag-net" ~iU lIe@l;,he :~t~ ~"ole bUlging m'i!llgn'l.'et ,51\>'i~g'~rI~

~~~

''1'h1s: e]lpet'il;ie,li.'u:: ~'!!fiI WJ.t.bQ1J:t &lW ~QRbt: thlit ~'81 No¢1i!i ~ ,S'oUitb POI .•, &Dti:vl~l,I!ll1l! OIir4, nuning' i-l!tt'b. lcamt!l'dJ.r.ot.~ 1I:1I·t:I:I'O:!!Ie the GOpp~ Hi~, • ..m.:i.JDb C"U!ie :in QuI; ,o:f t.lW cM:: hatte.q., _tI ill. ,bQit'tL, b,'If"il!.~~1I·wi!'., eM 1I!II-~' •. 1t!8 a"· :lfUl:IiIii.'il;:,' ·aheatI ~. Whl:r'l.~l1!st ma~:LoD-t.hj;y UiOe.(I Woo rJ."'~t:-liMl.d tftS!t:. il'

Hi .' '.' 1:1

..

and IDQkoe i.e so 1t'Qu, 'COOl 'r.1.!..J;n ii:; wound .if possible 1IlQl':'e'tiiftan, two t;bouGll!nd roe!l;l''Olut,:!.lflW iii mii'1\l'te, • 'C'onr:H~et the li;ght bulb 'I\I.i!,l;:h 'eh1!-perpet.ual !!IiOt.ion .bolder, • Xl"'!; 1t; 'on ':he si!?ilin ..lln.g:1iJ.nioc·oma{jl'1e·tn tile hOl:iil bi;!:tllo"f:lml p-.r:Q'i'l,lJS ana the sq<l.1l.XCCi:. i iron bil.r • • ' flOW IOpi,1l t'll'e .l.lrd .. o magrl\l,et OI,r¢l,ijid an..dl$~el'!o\' ... :1Il_.uchof the, l.1ght. you g.eL!;;, c •. No-o'i'take tha l:ron b.ltr of £

"

Goe't, I:hID t. U:n.ie:o, WI..9Jlet"

n !ltwOW;S 'tMt ,i£ i e iS1tllolJ"a" ilOlI!O' Q~ t.h. J!IIJi!!!el;:l1· whtt!h 1!I'lU'~ in i:.'!l~ Jiron ~ w:il,iI. I:"IMt tlNlmid .:l!.a Dl1 QI,rp!~. ,_d. wi.l,l. noi1; ,~ out. wt;. wUI;:!i .• orl'liI1:t; Ii! b:CO~M", t>~ ~. ''Io;IIf,.U.:nu!. :in 't1:l8 co-U. lind. the, ~.lJult-.il:1 1M ~-e l:i.9b,t..

.00

• .• ~j .-.

....

-,

.- ~_'.... '"'linn.......... ,-. ~.~ -

-[I"I-~~!II... , ~~~,. .::r , '. -~,

.,

ditch~l\I.
•

PUI; ... paper '!box wi'i:h l1l1ent:y of :[J:onf.i.Hfn'glG in ii:, on the hodzonta:Uy Sl;l1nlling l!.lnicQ Jl1alJiIUl't, 'then l;"Q1I \\11,11 see hOl'il tl'.o n~in!1iing aMJ~rn3t, buildP- up r .idge.s: and

..

iN(lW pu I; the!; l'II.a9ll'et so I:bei,t; ,i,t ,Spin the magRet. 1:.111'11:1 wiJ .. yw l buil&£:nS !.:!'p ddq&.s ami (lit-chilD.
C!!lJ

"'~I:I'l!oE, t'llrni'ld,
,SiitS,

V'e:t"!;..iically.

tPI!;!1HHllgi1;l, running a,g;o1.itlst 'Che =tion

;j,n.;li

.. FUe
;"

HlI.err

Sp,j,;r.t one

fi1;ii~g;!l, W<U' and t'~om

then

ti1e're will

'beUner r.ildU,{l<s

<li!,!;d,

,dlH,c'MS.

ti'!$ '~l;.heJC' ''fla.y,

~f)

~6t

MxM·¢@..vtrt*'

\'~ ~e. IM:Ii!HiU.e ~ent:.~ weD IIIiIldie, 'ii~Ql::ly!g, the

~91l.eti~ O'iU1'l';'lJroIte:a:re ~

:!lD 't:b!nl!ii ,M.ff.rtm.t

11I&1a

~
~,_

.. but ,1.1II~n:'iJ!1c:lp:ti!lt;tL~Y' 01111

way., e'onc8Atir«t~.

by
PoOle

al ... .~ni! ana: '~M!D J

f~ cilia pla~ tc

~:iit;:iml'

tha

Qxht:.il:lS

r.qordl. Ml.,d. Sout:h

:b~;livi,&'u.\l !J1!ag:mH;S

acnotne'l'

~
'lij,
-.~,~;
.~''¥

~'

,,;

,~~~

.. .. ~ '"
",'

:r~: ~ ";;
"

.f"

~ik

I will U:l3e only one ~oi.~. i1;nd on!!! 11 s.l'!apll p.erlRdn~e 'l'JagI'l~t. wit;;hout using ~'indj:tiJ.91 t;r..ac t!iie m&Q'h~:r!~ 'l,I~,~ to in'.:X.a~e the' pe~.e!lt mtI,'9'ne't:: st:rern.;rl;.h,
,I,

'the

I"f you' had a pe:t:mal1e'o,t ilRl.gIlet I;~'t the c01.1 lfO,U ~1:J~ 10 I;:bt!i e:l!~otr.ic' ma9lllee would. 'I:!!{) ''in b.etrolleen the proIl~s ·of Le., th&'1 Ie.hait ';o'Q.uld be· goof! '00 -d!l1lmonst_lt'at~., :but 1.1: li'0U -=vie .not., t.r:l,!!1li Ilifie. ~he ,S~ mle yoo. lu!.'le.

Q
,~

(iet:.an .,iLQ'Q< ~o;re the, 'S~me: d'imflfu;.i!.iOj1S <IS .i.n '~he "thl:'!Il;~:hba~'tI coil. e!n:augb. ~cg-u be~cn tbe bleml!liD~I).t NflIIet ~ngi~, .' wi ..do the 1;!,<!!.111,\!, :n~~ of Il:.uxn~ !l!ru'I ~. '~crrm.ec:.t w:i.'~ .t:,l\I! lig\h't bu.!b,. •

b'll.t

long

l,i,.,,11 C
.'
•

,g.•. .11m,
I ;

.F'a-eten, '~he Ui sb~e. pet~a~t magnet, ve~ IQ1QOO,!' ~nd UPM Lrfn:ong:s dov..'l1.r pole North" Sout'til POle 5'01.1'121. NO'tl 'pu~n t~ co.:i.l It:hr,oUlg'h the prong!; :h:om WeSt tQ elilSt. .00- it hun" 00 .l,itgttt in
,t;.~lei

No:rt~b

then the~e Nill

btl:lb.

now pl!,!~1:l ttll!!, poil a..<'i $1;.C>p' in miqdle, and: then i.fu.:;;ih .[!.·g'llI.J:m, wi.ll h[t;.;:;~ two 1i5i/ht,lli>'llil·e' 'the CQcil yent thIt'O\\,gh ~be ~grn<!:·t:

thi

!i)~QlJl$'!il

onlY onCe.

tJ:ma"yoIl

~r'i~:
.

J
You had ewe Ught's sui:c<;:s3.1Q'n, W!:len
i/0'iJi

'.

t:h~, :f.irse time also, wt you did woi; no-tj,;e 'I:-ltoeyo::a.'I'!$ is 'Ii.f~i~~ i'U~h_,et'l 't:.~ coil' [$.. mdodd'1c up. 1:;0, ~:telc. l'lI.oIl.'SilW I:;. ,. B midflllll) tb.t: C:Rt'ren'ts 1:'.aH in ,one· diX'(!Cti.o!'l, lInd ",he--n ~1.1 pus bed. theco'U t!.W<'IY b:oin l".he fi:e1d mll9r'l!et·s middloe,· tIUm the; Ou:l:'~llts. r~e.rsed, t::-hen rlllif;l in 'the. O'I:M.r d.ireccion. Thi!lt
!'I\agn:et

.itS' why you g'ot t'liQ ligbt noill;!iles wniLet;,it~ onli.:.' one 'ti..me'..

oct,I. passed

tll:rOU,90 I;be: Hold

n!!lr,ta .till the W!,!y in whlc:b Un!! 1'I'00rth <I_m.d, BOOi~!h role indivil~l 1i'.&i'J'l.'Iel:~ur~nt.g whlle ¥ou iJ\>lJiOI,hedhe CQil t f:rom tIle:a't 00 i~.l;it;. '!;,h,r'Ol1gh t:h.~ ,OeM lM!:ffl'et .• '. • 'I':ttke I;:b$ ~or:e OU~ 0"£ tlb.e coiJl. wind Ol:)~ ia.y,m; of 'i'l'ir-'B ~ Ule ~'lCa
'Io'i.ndlngr
f,rl~t" •

,rao

wire',sle:ndpoln1ts

!'!la;sl;. aoo

,Sou,tit sidle o,t'

,IlIM Ml::J!i

i,1;;

a'('j,

the

that t.hP!lj :t:lo:rl:lh s1dl~ ,of thi) witlditm.!ll W1I:'a,' SI :end !!,ot~t:1Il

f,fh.e:1Il. yO'u

,eurnmil::.
c!ur:t"eni:

p~Sibed the e!)H

C~

1::"" w;i.t'll

out:. of

C!oi1 ti~fil!" h:omt.'h~ middle, E).f th~, ,U,p.ld ~tt8;t:tbe '!;;l\il!n$~tG rell'M:s,ed, then MO.l:"~h pole IM~i!i.e t cur-r@nt I!ame out ,ott.:he CCtU' s w1r~ 'elJdl:l~t b' po::l.nt.:li.R9It'l'€lst ~nd SmI.!:l1 fQ!e, ll~Qi~t: c.urr>e.!ll;, ~~~t. of t.l:le coil' t> ~,bl'e 'et~d C'I:i: !4:ei pointing "t; ~st. Wl't,h t.'he ~~E), '~::it['ldiing-. if lObe '~orl;:.h il<lle. HelM IM'lJlUet 11;<1]1 ~ !f!QU~luii(\]e" and SOI.:1.t:~l,!tDle fi~ld rntgnet nOl'tlisillil;lJ< then the :ru~in.1lJ 01 I;h~ cu,..,;:ent;;"ilol.tl'~!be
,reVl€lI:'{;'ed.

came

ow!;; of

the

1~,li!e 'r,;j.h.:e

Cbs ntiddl.e Q! thel Ueldrnagltu;jt, Ute [Norl;:,bPole: ~>Qll'l,e.t e!ld, j;;lbliJ,'!:, l.,s poi.nU.ng EMt" ~ I~~ SOIJlICl~:I?o;le JOagml!t Emd t;ha't. .i.s PQif]tingW~SI:. !blli~ Wollen YO" £i\u;he~ t!l .

hUll
~,

't

..
.. •' •

RUn ~Oiljt:'h iilaoJ!Je~,t1ie":,

N>oJt"tlIt ~o'le :tMoguet current No·";>' NOl;;Ith !lind of ~M' coii.l

Pole. N'QW r~n

cunmd;: i!li I~ke WiilOE)l 13l'ld, tlJa'tpoo..n't;s 'Il!Ie,~t, m'I.d ill the ~lrlll end t:hatl. point~ .hs;!;; .. :is: SO!I;I'th. 'Polo ·aJ;l13!.SOil,t'iIL ~ 'of 't:.h'i!!' c~i,l l,~
!::<~;t;~n.t :tn 'We~!:; midi, of Itb(!:

ll'i'!;;]'l;-t;h

North

li'\Qle;

i1l.'1igl1.~It;,

wi:.;e, !mod'

S'()u.tb ~ol~ .m.&'lJM!1;. 1r1 East ,end go£: thl'!i ·....,il:'a. ''!'his lI;;.im~ the 'North end '0,( the 0:0:11. 'IIiJ1. ,he !W'Q:rth 1'0:1. ,ana Sou,i;:b GIld oi tbil:! <:011,;1 !}M :Scn.ltll Po,I.e"

.,-

....

?"

....

(:I

hillll." _
~L"""

- ..

.......

',-10

• •

'd.!.e !1!.1iJl'I~, ~izol:' of wirr3 in a coil l{Oi!i now ha .... a.,_-\,O: e, ~'i! ,000bi9'~r ~t.eel 'bar .f.n :t.he ;;01:](.
:li"~

'WO,Il!::Ild.

then

w~uld, have

It:

b.iooe~ ,iUId sttlongel!:"

llItI-I'ftD.Illt;,.

",'

_'

'~';"""'.-,"'.-,."•. .. -.:. . -,,:."

,

..

-,
I

,~, •.• ,.,',."",,"'."" ' ".,-.> .. .

" . ' r' -_ ",

~u '\i,lere mat:in91 t'he i!;itMll 'ma.g)I'1Ie't,s wHli. ,II, s:!..r.g:l'e ':;;;oPPI!li" ''''1~e ygl,;!, '<'l.;tI!;!'I;:.ed too m~lIY ,tfort.h e"nd ,!O(>ut:h;Po,le 'jmdliv:id~,l :mg:n.etSi. 'You orll.y got lJi'l, t.he st{le~ t\fj,~, vOlnt cro.:all pttrt of the _5)D.Ilt~ ttlia:i; GamEl 0'U't, of 'i;.he coppell" wire. YOI.! .!Ire :;tiJ.1 wast:illiJ 'i:lle t.lo:rtb, ,and Sout:-h Pole ,!1laC1J!i~tiOi. YOI:.l,do MtlO1le1i;:. oller-'haLf (l.ef the ~BU ,m ~ i\'It.EI;al r;n; i1:on :J:»:'r: f~Qlll, t1:l«l$I!? \.m,Lch are in, tltg coil. To pi!;. ~ ~p:8't ,O!ll.t o:l!'it ~U,

~en

'iJBta!most

00t. ~r~

eb~n th~'
end

:b@ a" rnagM,i;. t:h'i:!,s;amea's t~e ,the ,magnet peJles, r.o::lil,l be oppos.ite., II:;. ~e,a1lii a.tcboe ~~g9~lJ.~di t<~~
;:&,8

'out.s::Ld'e th.e coil

t.h-e

'dD

'-,

again as much

w.o,jt"~h Pok

i;.uhB !i);llgnm:;

'0\111;

I!md will. ,~ So-uth !>ole. Tn. tillg of i::-fl,eoil ~f!d i~, the QOit'e c

co,il's COIre, i,E the way 'yQU w:ill

OIr'..d,

'ttl'b;!.

j,Q"i;1l

t,u'oo nalit::e itWO' hoJ.(!~ .in O!nd of' :mat.!ll for-

o:ne ,end of

,~ f~;E;ban a rJ.ng
'r'.o'll' ~,

t::h.e co-ill.' ~ coo:e e:nd, onilth the, l!;'aEll.E! meta:l, jlQ!niTi.{,!,'CQ~~ wH-h ,I:he coil l;ti~e ellds, bo go ,out." O~ !;:Op, client, ,elE1ct.ri~ Ng;net
b:iI1t~~ ~

bav4!I 't:.:he !'il¢stafHcient

~t,

fm:' Ut'l:.;hl,\i

iJOlQ-~II'eg,.

l;t:. Wliiit..1:1 nQ ~M.I!

com.

t~

CI!In~,.

..

" 'Take ,t1':le'oo;llOllli:, oftha ,e'lectxli,c ~~l'I.et, ., l"!.m 'i\:he cur.:ran:ts in t~e coil, '" put a hUd ,s't;..~;t!I~ ,one; endlt;o t,be co.il' $.Rorth . '" hQ1Jd aVl'h:i!.ll~,
.. ~ke .!!.wa:y,

~l~,

That end ai:;, (:o,11'!;. side is ~OUit:'1:'I:PQle m~.q,Il'et. .J!I.:ml t-I¥l otl1.er Noeth Pole :1fLilI,~rnCI: _ Now tnis pe~ magnet {l.t>HmaJc$ othe'l" hard '~Q@slb:J,rs :in P~I1!!::i!lt !'Il.oll.9nei:B bu~ ·ev(j~y ;rr!<1'(jt!et that, it JM:'lres \\'i1,1 ,M '" weakeit' 1M~,et, ~ll.an it1G1iIH.

:orb. QQU.&a,tW,iI :p;e~t ~et.!!I an: !ll&kil:l.gQ'thMt

!!&g.IiI.i;

.ii'll,

t.M,iiam;o ~

·l;:'ib .... tt:1IUi

pe~u.t

pQ~t

M.Sm'li~,II,.

'OO

PUt: thi,g •' I:l;e'~scit"

..

~net ;in ttle 00.\ 1; I;; hole . 1i'uto ;b~' ~ ,t-1:CiIt:'d! vole end in co1.1 s'O'!!l.th~le '-s ,1':1:1'1\ C'\J.l:'l:Ie.D,t ,in the (;oi 1 f\o.t' ,il).~hi,]Le, tali:(!:, t.he ~' cue.
~~'M'l1t

(!mel,

. '~_-" - ..
,"',

.. ..
'

'.,

'CI .

..

"_ . ~ 1.-

WIU!il'l

liCU 'lifeit:1e pllshing;

bliJlb l!;1itb 0Xiia. :pi!l:;~liIget.b~Qli!!li'b the u sll<ipe m<i~I;:. and ~. ~ YOli WliI:i,Cih, .l!.,!tlll of col.l'., .r,h·,jl ,~he ~Jltll!l eliUM; o~t WJiUf", tibieyoud.eU'io tl..ulH1:a.

the light

the

(l.O,U It:.:lmotligh

the

U !E!bacl;lE!d~et ·

YQU g10't:

t.'lI~ fl,!lW91;

f,ro:m

~m

IIUl~ ,~.o
NO'. ';Cw~Ul ~
IDO

yeu

'CaD

"~'Iil.lly .,.. ma't f·~ :1&;; ib!, 'tlll" ~

~,.
;

1:: ~1,t1 ~,.

• rrak-e the l19!ht b\llb of.if the CQil, .. ""l.It. the <:o~ 1fi ,;11;. i. CQml.e.Gt t'he coil wU:h a loop "~4t: WQuld .rleaeb !.'lii.~ iEeei: E'a.et from
.~i:lIt!lt"
II iii
j ijl

It-he

!]I

shape!

l):;eep tile 11001' end. ,fIj f'oQI:; <[jJpa:ri:., ~tzet~b S~oul!hs.t~le ~i.te sUllig:htl:... ~'k_;e :!t 8'0 it; o.ajlil0gt ~V'e ... Get those lit-t:l·e i:l!ul'9':ill.9 il!aj;J11ets ~1').:l,.cb l:ulngone end 1!I_§l',,!;,he. Q!;:'h~ d:rn.m" h~ t;b~ south. Iro:Lel ~gn.et; O·il t.h~ iLoop !jO!'ii7eJ, 00·... ~usb the coil tbr-ou9h the fi :shape magnet ami wfttch, the halm.ing !I\lIgliIJ~I;:,. .' ll'l.ut ;b t 'Win t;;W,:i.:ng$"-QIJ,I;;l<i, !then iNi:I:~th,

Iii

•• ;
W

~,

SOuth. •

rnmv bru:lg i)JoEtb Poole ·m.<!l.gI'lQt on t:.he lOi.ltr,e.• r.o:a't.cb. a,gain whil,e coH tlIroug'lt tone U'S~Lrape l!111.gtl!(!iE./ this tJim&. first it wUl

yO!;!

$ii-eo

!;Iwing

p'Wili:llt.igl 't;1t~1 lI1Q;t'th.. the-Jil,

EN .,' r <s

.l:iii!!llg

bo!::hmagnetls" '~t;::h againaoo you 'i!I'11J! see ~a,t. bQ~h ma,g"fl!e't.1:l at 'eimO) fi.!:'"B't tb~ iSiOf:ll'tgto ,t-weir <r;m ,siode <trui! tbe.n. I:Qt:ba ot:her il!:Ei~-e.
~. Ii'

t:he same

".

(If It-he l1M1i!JJ'!).g ma!W!I)~s do, not. s"'.i~ ~l ire !fOg, OI-J!'e :p1li~hS:Ii'!';t1:le coil t:l:l!rmilJh ,t:lm U ~h!l'!;le magnet, than the U s'l'l~~ m.agnet ia OO't st.I'O.IlgeR<;;l",gb. The iIJ ,BnaP'!1' malJ'net ~l:iotlld .~ :!;ll;:.r~ ~r.Lo\1J,g'b'00 lift tWefl't;y P,O,li'ilds. r~()tl. <::!PI. put: t':!i!O :maggets! ·t;Qg'{lth.er 01.'" 'I!~:E!. el@ctr.i,(l nwg;net.and ;still bet.tm: YOOlJ; C'a!I\!. p1[.I:!;. thQ coil. ;ttl ,~l:~'Ii:.d.~ magnet., you wo-n't, have to pooh irt.. 'iI/'h(!-f.l you i:.a1\ sit ,OO""-And 'tap tha bai:'te.ry e.nd ~,I!!,e a th~ l~±ng l'L1Wl1'l,ets, !lw'iing:ill9" I:f 'YOI!.:Ii '6~iI1l1:: to ~SQ.t:.M' '~leo!;;dc .~~t ,be ~~ that eh N·o.r tn 11\Q.le iiOi in NO(t"th fi;I :l4@1" aDd the South ~al in Sci'Utli !Jlide ,. !i,tid ~u,t~ the coil in, the '~LC'('JngS 1n the arung way as: :it 1.:; RQW,

t'""~

,lUJl

~relfl;t: & 61'1.' 'u&iJ .iD: t'il11!1 8'!liHl1 Wmr bY :UJ.:U.II.·!l til", QQ11 ~ ircm €IQ~.' wi-t-h Hm:tchBll.~, ~U~, btivid\UJ" ~el.! ;amt 't1ten 9JI!."Ir1.ng 'IIDOIIG'A 't;:iJI:Mi, to~ u. :~ .. t"" 'to ~g!e~cut ,find t.b<m ~t..art ,&gaUl.

OV:_

... ..

.
•
,

,
1

. ..

"

'~

~w

~O'I:II"

:t w111 t,8,1,1 you. ~t MppoD,e;ci H f'~, W'eil~'tic! But,.

to, tho' U ~piJ

UIUI!:;

whil!", you. 'pullh$d it!ne

C!Qi1

.• Set up tl1J:! t:hree-fQ-o'~ ~ ..e'l:; so' ::i.!; C;Hl tu:o'l'i, • PIJ,1; the CQil witbc;!Qr.~ in i.t. in t~Q 'll ~oope magl:l~t. • tI.oW a:R~~_a,c:lh the, t.h'r@el~,foot rnaguelt·; Ii' sout.h !?Qle, witJh thee s'o!l!li'!)ma9f\et:· Ii! ,SOli,ith Fole. '": iils' BQ-Of,i as tl:l..e 'elI;re,e,-f"oct JlliIl.'~l'lI~H: bil,g,i,ns t·o mava, you. i3tQp M!.d 1M_!!;,'k, '~be

di,stance • as soon.

•' :i!'Elke the ~oil.

4!!~'ay. a~oe;cb.

~_IjjJ,a.in -

di,s,t,M1:<:e"
Ithe

8'S: -

t,he .tl:llree-fioo~:maooet begins

h~

to .move Ilwa'.t,

tb.~, ct:o;p ~.
·4l:Jile you

mark the

pusihing

!:h,~ you

~:I.:n !!Iiee;
coil

in. and haU'II'a:it

much. s·tc~eng~ll,til:'lleU shlOll)e~ne't lQst (lUIt, of Il;he n si~~ mag~t.

W,!;!fft!,

-'-'-,~--'"
ThQ !J' ~~ ro~n~t _s from t'ru!! lron Oo-r-t1!I,.
:il;;$

st . reng'th .. 'Phs bl::eaHngl

normal ,~dl'l o~ ~.'t~

wt

11001[1;:;/ it:s: ISUeli\gt:l'I up 1;:0 t:h~ 'time itbel;.l!llfl. !:;<Q' bL"eaJ<:~ dllEi'Dg the I;ime· itil@' ~ shap:e; :magne!i;. br~·ke. afl\'''-Y Itt .~·~ai.ned
al%'ay

U
the

then iit~!Ime the now ~.ply

aM r~,C111 fQr th~ :n~t. IIl:tar.t. lJu1l'!ng .~h.e z"ec1i&%iJiDQ! ;c:(UI1iB £r,om't:be airoz' 't:he,earlih"!l1 ~lCl .fiel!Ld.

from

iron 'co~· ~ed-WJrged I;;he

shape

1t'4Q1fiet.,

n
-.,

O-",

~~

. .

"m

"-.'

~l-~Gy l:l'I~.\! ,that Qi;!fo!::',e t:tle '(;Q;1.:1 gOot iil between I!he '1,1shape l'MISi.ne'Lt ,prong'S1 t.ho§e lit.tle !ru;U_vl,du!I;l D0igne't~ ~J:;'E! rmmiIl'J' o~t O'f the' u, sllll,pe:, mii.9Il,et ~Q'_~S: in a1,l di.r,ec1;i.Q'Il,$, ~u t @s ~Q{)r't M '!;lt€l ooil' s c'orl! 4&'00 in c:f fee H V"E!; d,L'!>tllriO'~ fltom 't'he U ~PE! ~g;l'Iel;:'("s ,prongs, then 'l:ne;;;e 11I:UI1: .im'tf.v.idu,a;_ ,~h8il:i'; be.9&.l'1, t~ rw:! tr. t.he C'OI'lll: ,~ o;Q,il and 'k:e;p:: 1:"umlinii1 '1lit'l,t:.U tile QQJ:"'e :I;!roDikiB,i!I,a.y frOID t~e- IJ' ,s;htlp~ .... m.a!linart prong-iS. Mot.r you ~ee tho:s~ littl,e individual magneta ra..n OU:ii:.oft::h<!i U snape, mag,flet .o~t;!I ran, il;l t.he ,$Q£r:: ir()lI cwt:!, l:mt, the s;o;ft iron 'OQr13 n,eV'er belc! the' ' 1'!la9t1eII::S • it puililh,ed thl8lll out.
y'ou

. .:
'. ";&

';f

. .

..

..
,t

Pi;!t: Eive

or s,;ii,;I!: t-bin

3.t'lOl'l

;e;triptl,

Oil,

I.
Ii

flO'P ,over, bo.J.d the 5b",ip~

slant j!,li;t !;O I!l'iey '!,!lin no-t fl.o:p over, not.' ~wr'ooch to the, e::nQ;l;; olf thos-c l]:'~,dpg!'<l'.ith a. littzt,l:e
loO;Se. :by

e~e,

O!l-

!l~Thet<!n.d!

YQu

'd:lll

aee
ii

they

the ~~s.

't-hen

'I;'b:-ey ~i.ll s.~ead.

oot:

,I t~tlih 1:11.~'I'N'liJb '1:-0 ,1Ihg", ~ha,ttbl!!! ~!;. ~~ ~ bald ~~ ~~!:II. ::r~ PIld.M tbemi,_t. A.s SOQIl tj,s tlto{l,~ Ht.tL~ in.iiiyj(!,ual Wgnl\!!t.s get.p1ll!Sli1e1l eue of the 5o,ft il"'oo OOlr'ft'then ,th~ nm i.n t;.he ooi.l,

~
~a,

~. ::tm,b, 't.~I!Ic:cli,l! ,t~ Htt1e iniUi.:v'i4lJ~!DliIi;net:;.

, __

:in bun:!!:, (om., ,~, ClOU'1I ~ frolll bUli1:fioZlil :tli!. 1QIIOJ..1patll:iJ"

'ill~O

a:li.vl,.~.,

'lU, ~'Ci'iI! :!i,e: net, ~ ..(!ell~

c:1!!1Ii',le fi~o.,

t.o maki!! '!!!iIIip.*:i.c ~":!o!!I~tl!. 'CI:IZ'~'t~ O~ ~, ~ 'W\i~'l:i ,Ill I"cdt! ~. n!le9.$\B~' to be~!ii&ii!iii eM UIOlm1i:. .and lI,tZ'4miliJt.h Qf!' tihGl eu~Htt.!!!, • 1ol'be eoU ,1;;1 III i-.rnilax to ~ny ~e.ll, b~t.tl!!x;J, Qn~1 ce1_ a1m1.ei ,dQ~ IlQ!,: amolMl!:. CQ anyt.hiiiQ. 'l't) ~ good, 1Mn:f eell.s liave ~o be in 1'1, batte:g::y. 'I'M, ,game- .in "" GO.n to be good :i'llaHY turiiS ~v,e be :m a. OI>i 1.

orb",

to

\ ',l,

............ .., ft-&Joct"L1i! •• -~.~Q-.i ~ ....

~\:it.. t,.

c........ -t'_"'-- n.$..' "-'"

, :-"C[
L~ '_

"p. ~ ..~r II'·.

Q,

~~;II_.ill;.,..:_r=:~.

" v rrr:r..'

L_

c..... '-,~,_\;;.... ,.......~'~ ,--..$."!"t,_

.....~~-.~ 'f~ h.}..... ,

.',

"r-

~
.

0._

i,;n mu.ll

tUo _p •.t:l:~t: a~ !p!!.t:b!1J'.il:t. ,l~ ~nEI

,m

'bQ.lI.1iC £QIRl M'lt.ft' 10n ·tJ1;lrl ~;

c011.

t:hcI,~",

a:Q.U ,Illv;i.doll· ~ei!I

~hen t:.he bui.krn<l~neti"lenter' tliie cO.H the:r fill the, eol1' swi-r~ w:ithliOrlll <mel S'ol,1t:11 If{;lle' :iifl...d!i v5.dllA;lJ. ~net:5i" :ii!OI::t_h Pol@; ~I'I-<e ~,(! -pmi:nt.i-n.g &'ow.u:di S'ollt:h Po.le U ,shape mo'l.i;lnet and :sout:h Pole, );iO!ntinQ- t()Wli:t"d! "ort;h li'oh U sllilpe rn<i\TtDl{!l;",

NOw .~
~l¢

and

wire

iiil. t;bi1 'coil

1" on., ocmt.inucu,. mtsmot. One' sj,c1ft 'of

I;:~~

,..;ire i.s Sout.._h

'tl\e Q'Eh~r 'U'o~t;h ~l'l!i"

NoW 'we bave

they

a;r;e not

tl-..ose

l:i:~,t.1e HQlrth ~tl, S'O'ltth E'Ql-$ i~d:i.vidud rn.l.gnet::; :i.n~: ~tN', but :t:-'l.!nn:i·Ii9' :i~, the way we, wa:ni,;. 'l'hey ,:;!l;l:'"e running: ",c;ro~~ tille w.:i:.e.

bu~ w.henrJl:1l CQdll :ceMliIes I::'h~ mi,Clldl'e of the lDLlmting Qf' t;h~ eU",re.~ti;f :G top;.

f.'l'e W,iID~ I;;h~ rIlagnebs to rutill;b:t'¢<u\lihthe, ..,..ire :LengthtgiSa, llu~ thelf:e 1:1; onl-y' el'le W,4Y 'tod_o i~. we hOll" to inG:(i¥ls,e tne n~:r of' '~no!;i¢ North and ~-euth Pole ;i;.nd:t.vidtl:!ll I'n~!g,",-ets. ~o- dio, it the o:::-,oil w:il.ll ha.M :::0 aWra:!l.cli and. ef.Jt.el? ';;:he U ;ll,h,a.Pe' m.a:g;Ji'i,e't:,

,
~ ~

f:;;h~ It!' ~'oope !I!<l:grnet I:,'he limit

is; there

gO

In

t;~

,s:t;.op-pe(J!

1Ii'.:!.'re,

",or'<tiiEU"~t.h~. ,eoil th~~ i£: :pl~'e-y oft:hase 11::t1e 1'!IlI.gne't.:I!.bul: t,h~y eo J:li,ln. :hrough th~ wi:r!!!' llmg-tb. '!!I! 13~, nm;r they lrun onb .e,r;:;ltGB~: t.he, c!>lil';EI t

~gml!t~ in the i~on eo.e ~

to mal«! t:ilI.ernagn.@:I:.S run .in tl1ewi:re l,~-t'il .... ii;e' ag~iq 't;::w: coil wi:ll have to 'ili~ttl'lQ !J .~'hapQ =am-et. .. AS" SQQt! .1;S rth~ coil ~:i:ll$ IrO, mO'1'e ~a:y fr;:.ro. I:;b~ III '~11a1le ~net. th~n ttiQ$'e l_i't.t.le Nortll, afllli ,South Pole i:ndividAMI.l magnet,s begin ee l\"1,lI_1'!l <!t.g'ain 'I;Mough the wi~'e le'llqth-w;ige. but in ~i,te dJ.l!:ec;:tiO'R untU ths
OIwa.:f f~cm ogQDe-

~ tiOliCIi, you, '~!!!.t :II "i,rl11 ;,~ ~. • '. Ge,t,,a, small pui;. iron

'I,;ba

co.il

i,ll, 'I!'I. nuI~t

&Jr,:I..ng 'i:be, i:.i_, tb,O 'C<!4~'t:.

ar.

_~.

nav

r,Jap.er bOx t;¢ go .!in bel!:;, een ....

tl'il!

:r1.I:ongIS

cyf the

(I s.hape

iU!i.g-rw:t..

rHing.:;, in it,.

• '.
•
'I'

~rOlij;l~ix-incb long soft iroo ...,ire 'l'o1it'h~r. :put: tbe Ni:r~ in bQ!l(' m i1['o;n, fUJ"flgs, DOW P1Jt '~ne :IJox l'::oet:weetl t;he' U sh!\pe ~:Jiet pr~s,. l!\1i!!:iS-6'tn.~ "",i~~ u,'P. th,~ YQllI Plnl aee hI i;!l{j $~r&1'iJd5 el ingi~flg: to

troll. wire.

I:;hl!! itllsu.la'ced

;; RIIl,ise the ",:I,,:t:e 6:lQl'lly, then the fU,ing ~'trM'AIl 'will .sag and ,fa.il. up • ¢:~e the 1;:>0): out; . •' pUt t"he!!li:re in the fili[lg'!l Agiain. • l:{tise' up ,!.:t:id yoo will ,see tha-t t'he wi~ i~ no ~~. hut during t.~ '!lias :l)eit:.we!m tbe- '(II ~EI' magnet pr«.'g5 i'tw~s '" mIlg'llet.

tiw,1! it.

,!l!'h:t:e;

:1ifIb.mnI t:Alt ,(fttf.11:1/i ehe ,t:iQ the! coil ~i1I 1:b.:tlCU.P: t...l\o V !lI~~6 C».ilboc;Qm8& B;, ~t. :lea f!m.Ot~-on illl ~:le. S'QjIi;!j,Ln&victuaJ. ~!!:oh ,Pol.-iIi lMlm'f!:t1il 1l'iim th1'OQg'ht:lla, eon' II 'wi~~ C,rolillNii"ii. ,M4 ~, the, ~~~'i, ~~8 ~~~wl •••

_I!rn~,.

~.t !:be! '~thana,

~ '~lQ'h

it. .iii :pcr!.a.;;:t;l:r ~ood '11:0' U!;!~ iron ~ir~ eodelliilESlI:.l:ta:l!e CIL~l ® I:lbi'l SO_~ 'I!:b:!.nq wi~b tlx: <=~ll:per 'tS'i-"Q-! lH!,j1~ 5<;lit1i:!1l ••

thin~ tl'.nt;, it ig, not: f<:l.:!.:=:- to USQ hon "':!.~C ee d(l'.7ic;.J'js'~r<ll~e M.-1 1!)_a~U~ ,~it.nmts IliW IlIml~. :bUt: I can t.e:U, ~ that ,U .i: <:!I.¢ iiJ.;j)~ uro iron cc;r.e ~fi '~b.e coil J1 CQ.i(I. qJo~ 1I'..o~~ of !:,l\¢ ~g""etic cuz;rU!.:$ '~!th l>1oft 1!rQ\iI wir<l' coi::t tbjlD :(, G<I:I~ 'lI;i;itliL c~r .r.h:e Qt;Iil. So !;'Q1J fO~~

1!'".1.'.:il::.a ytN

i::-(l:l

rum!' lMi;;lll.elttec,~jjjtli ~!!:\Il' ,lIt$_de. - YQIl £U:i.llgS, :but., Qilly on a 8ma_l~1:'

.35

~;gw

wUlil

t.n

irou ~ow~v

ar·l[li

~Dl;I'

t::JwO\lP t'fle wit;e

];il!~t.hwJ.:ii\il1l..

~mi~h.e

Be'fore '1:J'I..c J!IIj;gnet~ I> tart '00 run through Ute Wi.('·8 lel\Ql;;b ..,i:S;1< tJ:L-e'l( &T\e 1 ined tU:l in ,ill, !5q\i.'<I.ze aC'.rQ~S the::. w.1re. Q_1',!,e ide' (Iff .t::!m ....il'!Q 1,s' North ~ .p';':l!e - ~gnet is i~e -

othe!r

.s!de

1iS SO'U:~h~]!~.

ma9ti;)$t side,

~....IQ[I_ ....
wti.E!'i!! I:hi8 aoi.l oogi:!W to a;w:r,o'lIlc:h!::l"J,e· !Qid'dl!~ of t'ha u s:ll.a.pe ril.a~!l~etandi '~h;;. e.. ::rentll begin tQ I'lli'li .tb,{m the ma,g,ne'ts w1'1:i are in the: wi:t"e. begin eo :slant.. n .. h e N(H:eh '~ole tnagnets. pointing ~$t the, SNQe <15, ti"ile <:Q;l.l"1;I '.... .ir,e el'ldJ, w"'h.M'1i t.be NQ!rI;l'l Pole :m!lg-net ~u;t;rent GOiJ,'iie .out and SQ!;!,~::' :?Qle m<lg.-aetsppin,Ur-91 We::!!,; tt>.e ~amlIl 1lJ.ai tlli!l: 00:1.1' ~ire $.r:td wbere the So·\lth 'Pol!! rMgn.l'lil:cur-reot: came OUt. s

.'
.Q

V
'Nh@tt

again.

the: coil ;r,~aGll~l.~s the l'fJIiddle of 'thl! [iI' :s~magnet. then t.M Cl,liE::t'INLb:;S 5top to run, NOW the Mort:h ;..na .sou:i:.h !:'ole Ir~~net!:>'lIi~e'PQ.ifi.Eing .lI.crOSJ!l 't:Ji:J.e w',irc

~., ..

0.

[I- .. ~
tu'

'illtJJelll ~l'Jje oo!.l !bq:l!.os' 1;:0 rMlVEi ~i!i;,ac¥ from 'l::tle rniddil:e of u shape rn4.Wl'e'i;;; .and! the, Ctlrr't'!'intrSl begin ..0 run tbe.n the II1:<lgn.~l;.a w'lfI.l.ch a:re i·nth.e ,,",',lire ~:ln t,o

dOiiit.• but tbis: 1::~1iII@ thai Ne,rtO pole :magnet5 are I'otnti:ng West the iSameM t,hil' coil ",S wire end r.ibu-e t.be ~=t:h Pole' magn.et '1N,l:~ co:me out and. ~out;hP·ole ~!ftel!:~ point.ing !iO<lcst he ,ea.."Jl.ti: ·the coil's t as IiIlt:cl: ,end wnete the SOuth fiOl!s
C'!J:;',t:lIll'JIt. ':;~$

~,et

·QUt..

~~en

t,h.e

coil

1'IW'Il0ll1.'l

out

OI

:the U

• 'f

15~

mll~t'lt"

effective ~ista:f1IC>e'the

o..ril;'"et,lt~ .-urn:lIinlil· ijlI(;lQP·

rm:tCl'l the .individual

lcrngth:~-.i:Elet.l".ey are

NO.i:::,t:h and ,Sotlth pol~ 1Mag"!leCs ,aTe: runn.in91 t:hro!.!@ .a w::i,r~' ,twmil:lg in do1nt, mm'!\'hj,~l.t~ i!lr<;Ju,nd ..tl'ile .rurmi'n'91i1ltead.

Y'OIIJ, c'an sea ~e sbnt 'by' wl!~;;::hilJ!;lit'hQj ,~~kii: when :tW, are: pl,1t;t.ing t09"OI.ther .ma. ~1l1l.ir:'ii«I.~..a¥ SQi·!;. iron "".,i~~ ends which, a.r.e 'connected to tM ba't: tery .by their' .
o'!;'.h{!t:'

e.n.dS,.-

I!.aCi

l.o.nw

h.ow t'h.~
~i!I$U·

Clfi"iNm'tili

.~:m<g:

·~It
~!JJI;I'.'

~h

~U.o1 ,em, tJw

ot

.tbt! !CO'il·:ar

·nr,. 1f!It-C:b:

t;i!;.QIIIJ

..:Ilx

OI!"-

'~","~'!l~

t.h¢)I 'i'l'.i U

you wUl S~$ eha,!: t...he;y will roll !I1'WoB.Y the!:: . fe:r

,,011 aWli'll' and! .if 'eha .magnets, be strol'lger

t.n-en cut o:1!i

'nd,!: i~ tll~, 'way thE! QIlrth ,ami 8O~l::h. :P;CI'l~ bl4i.v1C11lUiiJ!" ~.t.!i t.bu, ~1·1I: lI'~:r;~ :L~t!b~~,ti,.

.'!:tII ~

The,
the!!

liOa'ifDec" thl;' coH' '!il 1,'o'i~ !:;; il'!sijJl.~tcd. i::he:r~ i,s 311\ :a"b; .s;p.aol!! 'l:'~d! .every wire ,and a as ,it is m011l:n that:: ehe dty air is Il;,ne !b€'.i3:t Qb$,!;:r!!I,ction,t:o~ ':;he~~ts' : '~510 tMQ~h a.ri.d ~J;i you k;I"J~ t-h~ -::!o.il it;! wlll.l i'ooulal;:ed so the ,~ ,air does f'..ot ~'t in., It :!;g ,wen JrnO'.o.mt,'Mt it i$ many' ;:'l_I.tl~ eD.Si~ f¢il:' t:h.a. ~gnet!> to "irun, in mel¢;al. tl:"M in Oiir,

e'.o,U·S

~'«'!lU;:oo.

'WJti'l)

'i:che N'Q,rt:.h <mQ $oo,'ebir'olt! i.r.tdivi,dU'aiIM9ne,ts as ~I;as:::ourt as they run in ...,'Q:i.l€ ' the

dQ' ~~ C;Qi.l .l,1;i

ool:~er!

:nan

a~I:'OS,!!!

ii;;~(lI1.gh

t:bll!l U :;ha,pe

~ >;d~'iI

'YQ1lL

(!;~t'Q!I;8

t,:he,wire

~MI 'Nt:U,'-~ IP~I;;,II thill' ~ 11.' .'" the:r e~ili,w.ILIII&" 1:~ 'tAoey ~

t_

e:..

nm ,lD, the w.i:o, t.lmy' ;h,ed't:ia'!;e ~

i.tl",
~t;.

II~ _~

of ~

'iOiltt

lenythwi!lo,.

c:ro.!I~ilIC1.

,th~ W"l_re ~0lIiIi:n'Sl1 iu tli,II eo tliLou 1iIl~ '~1Ji.b..a. ~~ ~~

r.w1 0\11; 0:£

l1I8.w maguM:iB

.t!!

'loti. ,lul"l,e,been wonderi:~" Why a1tlt!."Balting'

9iw.er-OIi~$,

o:::urreilts can, run

~Q

.IlIr

<!l.>ItlIy'

from their

One ~e":Ggn i:s between ,,,,,..·ery 't;.ime th.e: O:ll~,:.~,tii; s't",crt. QJ1rld sto,l;) th~e :is no J:;jI!:''eS~Si,).ltEl' in '~~ w.!~, 810 the, )I'l;l;gclll,(lt:s fr,QI1I'Ltblt. -<lir rWl. 11'1 t.he '~rt.l:'e alld wb.e:n the nm s,tM'"t::r there al~'ehIdy ,a~e 1Il1lgne!:3 in theljji:nre ~.'hi<ch dono!! ~v~ to Qome:from t,he geHe:r~,t,.O'r. teoo '~he p~t' lif;lll!, ite,slf ;i'EIi <IJ ~ll 9iel1let';!h.~~ hi<ol'i oI:ii~,si,!S I;:.he, :bi9 w t§

gant'Jt"lJrtO':t'

t;(;i

fu~.ip'li

't'h:e

ID<i9fi~t5'

fw tbe,

eu=r.-eiii':;S

't,o'l:'U!l

w.lth.,

~.
1 11ii1.ve ill ..,e:neratol." us L,ng ru:ry '~ma~t9
a':l;r.;I1.ln.<l. i~"

t:h-a.i ganer:al;:es

clJ;rxeni;s

'01'1 a ~11

:;c":le

f~Qm. t!:te ;,i;L~ ....i,ehoul;;

JLnOII;:__h.e:r t:hill'!;;J"

yQU havrel been j,\I"O,~.ec'i."ing' ho'q' 11;.9,normal, $t!."$t!;~t::}) ioodfii.i'Ea,lly. 'ire\! '~ but ycllll, ahe.!C;~l{ l:Ut'le Q,llel;;h.tl:thoW~ "t.

U ,$ha,pe th.f!i; 'SG,~t

i:r.orl daelS: no!;; hold

P~n!IiIil'llUlt

ma,gnet

can,

biep' -

lllIl.QillaJt;,~,

_~.

:rt, 18, ~

~~

SJ8q118it.l!iDl_tiJOD,
ma.d...

liIoldic!!I;. 1:1; :U.lulI't.rol!!Jt4!1l1l

t,h", ;p7:ucip.1!1!lhow'

"~~t
~, ~

AU. t~a'l:,kall

eo

mll ~~

be,

de:D4l' ;l:~ to ~t~tti,e

!MP"~

.~ ~

bI. ,on ~j,t#

l!lFlt;op.

H4~, ~t;;eel U$l:l[!j;p~ ~GlM'ts lle~~ne.

lla<Ve' .... broko!n=bi

t ,bue

M.die~ Pr~~

(lond.i t:i,OfI!S,

i:eie

:ii 'thin;!!:. the ;e.trum:U%e oi the mcl:t,~;J, i$ !;.he llIMWe'~. !I ha'\ille' t'<l'O U a_ha_p~, Ii'lltgn,'!lI.'t::s. They look OlHk.e, but ,ene i:; .a. litl;l~, h&rd~ than 'tlli1!!od:l!er,. 'I'be 1irtardo:r one,(:~n, hft t.1tIi:ee i!'Cmd!;;;: IliOit'1l t~ t::l;I~ s>o!fte:l: ODe. :![ lulve !been tempitl:'.:i.~ tlie, ot'h~,I" ,i!lc&eJ. [JntIg'lll{!i!.!:, and ,bar:l,1'~ 'IWI!!1eed t:h.!l:.t tl'!.~ haJ,:de.r the' ISt1ilelg-e;ta 'tbe~:l!.~Jt tt 'l:!e>c~5,. 'That, s(h.Qw,!;I tlrla.t: the ~t.<tl iG :rnpxe pi'l,c:ked 0IIl.d 'has l@;S<l hfloles 1n 'it £;0 t.ne' ma,gii'.e'i;_'$ c;oIID1I;o1; (:la.ss: tl1rou,gn it: lin fun spe;ed, !Sotl'ie',{ tIl!'JIiI IJ!P if,!; the, prong ~,d_~ - ~~'Y c.om'Q

,in fas~r

t.1Hlil

t:h<!':i

C~.

gate

O1.]'t.

I thir",k -!the &bHity for tbe s'oft: steel ~e~ding :rod! toM,ld ';netal" s fine ~i;;rl1lo:t;\:i~.

l'Il-lt~lIIWit~..i!.§

in t:.he

Tlle ,reai300 then

cQ,Uthe

,reBtlite

¢~

NQrtb and, Soout,hPole ma.gtl\ei!" f'unctio:ns S indicate ·tn~t. ith

~neeic

!C1!I't'r~(Il,t·Ei ,;!ifid rcI("I'I;e;l~lO.r'i,.e 'cur.r!!rnt!l, Ol,'; ,~1e:.cttic1't,y is too much. wie-n .tho;;e tl.on-~ist.i",!g eleC'i:.:lXII'l.3. :u' it~d

I 'IIiJ'Ould. oeept ~

an(!,

510'

~t would ~

it. ~etic.it:ywould .o.H :r'ight: ..

't:bl!l' elcct.;-ici't:y1& O:Qrnte<;;l;;-~ boa-en c:all-illd ~tieity

e ~ -91l'I!I'e.ic MS'e!

As

I .a.aid in foroe_

the

begirun.il!1!gr fue r

North

.and SmlthPol,e ,earth

magne;tathey on .it,

are

·the

ooami,c

'T:hey hold

ta.qr,eth.erthi,a.

and ,ev,e.rything

and they

hold the mooll'.L together too ....'T'hemoon' a north ,end holds S'outh ;Po,l'e magll·ets the s·amJJeaa the ,earth' ~ North ,end .. 'ThemCfQn' S S.cmth ,end holds N'orthPo,I'e t.hea.amJJ.e aathe ,a,othat ,earth" the a S01!lth ,end ... 'TCi').'oa,e pelopl·e who haveE!been hav,e to. do La in South to g.i.ve the .and the North ,end! wDuld be ai.de, wonde;·r.ing why the mQon one-·hal.f South ,end :in the moon nOrth d:.a.ea· nat .oome d·o1ID'.L .al.l. they -of a tU!rn

side, .and then themCfQn would '8!o-me down ... A.t pres,ent EJ'I.'e 'earth l.i.lk,e magnet p,d,l,ea. in the. a·aroe .aidea' s!otheir own .maqrnet pol,es apart, b1.!J.wfiE!llthe t pol,e,a aDe rev,er.a,e;d!., thE!ll they

.andl"Jl'.Cfonav.e h ~,eepthem: Helf\e i,a.

wi 11. p1.!J.I.l. tog.ether..

a 'gooo tipt.o the roc1i;:,et peo'1::oI,e Ma1i::.etheroc1i;:.et. a head ,atroll1lg nOrth ;Po,l'e ... ma'gnet ,and E,n'e tail lend a.trong South -Plo.l,emagnet ,and then l,oct on E,n'e moon' a North end, then you wi.ll. ham: betIDe'r a·ucoeaa._ onl.y .holding t.Cf§l1etheltthe earth and. alf\CfllJRd i:&saxia .. 'Thoale :magneta. whi,ch on _ fuei.r
'Own

Nlort.h .and S01.!J.thPal,e :m~gnets are nat mCfOn,but they are tu.rning the ,earth are West oomingr [·orm: the aide,and that a·1!ln.ar<ehi·ttii.g ,earth .ia what cir=l.atingaro1lll1cltfle and they

~ind

,of magneta. Eaat

uhi,chare than on the and SO"ll"f;.hPo,l,e

hi.tmQre

'On the

aide

ma.Jkes the, ,ear1i;h t.urn

a1f\o1lll1d North ...

ma'gneta maT~:e the l.i'ghtning, in ,earth' a li"orth hemi,sphelf\e the S01.!J.th PoI.e magne!ta. a1f\e ,going up and. the NorthPol,E! magne!taar<e oamingr down. in the aame flaah .. 'The Niairth lilghta :in oonce!lltraterl are ,Ca1.!J.aIOO the by but the Nbr1t.h and South at,r."ams .are not .Po.l!e m8!qrneta aa lll1!l.'chonoentrat.ed!. c pa8.a.ing ,a:treams,

aatheya1f\e in the :li!ghtnl.;ng ... 'The radii£! wav,ea· .are made py the N'orthand South Pol,e magne;to;l Now about ilieru:a'Sfl1!e!tsiz,e: .. _ Y01.!J. ]know sl1.lnll..qht ,can g.o thro1Ll!gh 'glaaa., pape.p ,and I'Bav,ear but .i.tcanllot go thro1!l!Q!h u·C>oo.,roC:~ .and iron, b1.!J.t .the magnets. can go t.hr01!l!gfi,ev,er.ylthin'Qi".This. ah'O:wathat ,Bach magnet .i.a a-mall,er tn;;m. IBach parti,cl,e ,af I ilgh t._