1. Collocation o Is the way in which particular words tend to occur or belong together.

Reiteration involves the repetition of a lexical item, at one end of the scale, the use of a general word to refer back to a lexical item, at the other end of the scale, and a number of things in between the use of synonym, near synonym, or super ordinate

Reiterao reiterao uma forma de coeso lexical que envolve a repetio de um item lexical, em uma extremidade da escala, o uso de uma palavra geral para se referir a um item lexical, na outra extremidade da escala, e uma srie de coisas entre o uso de sinnimos, sinnimo prximo, ou super-ordenada

reiteration means either restating an item in a later part of the discourse by direct repetition or else reasserting its meaning by exploiting lexical relations.
reiterao, quer reafirmar um item em uma parte posterior do discurso pela repetio direta ou ento reafirmando seu significado, explorando as relaes lexicais

Algy met a bear. The bear was bulgy The lexical item which contributes to cohesion here is of course the word 'bear' (not Algy and bulgy!). The next form of lexical cohesion involves the use of lexical items which are in some sense synonymous. The examples of SYNONYMY given by Halliday are the related words 'sound'/'noise' and 'cavalry'/'horses' in the shortened extract below: . . . he was startled by a noise from behind him. It was the noise of trotting horses . . . . The sound of the cavalry grew rapidly nearer... Halliday also regards as synonymous meanings which are at a higher level of generality. A concept which is of a higher level of generality is also known as a superordinate

concept, whereas that which is at a lower level is known as a subordinate concept. We can see how these super- and sub-ordinate concepts are related in Hallidays example of blackbirds birds creatures they, which can be represented in the diagram below,

As we can see, they1 is superordinate to 'creatures', which is in turn superordinate to 'birds', and which is finally superordinate to 'blackbirds'. Any of these superordinate concepts may be used to refer to 'blackbirds'; each of them will be regarded as synonymous to 'blackbirds'. In the analysis of lexical items which have identity of reference, the concept of synonymy, according to Halliday, can also apply to words which do not belong to the same word class, as in 'cheered' and 'applause' in Everyone cheered. The leader acknowledged the applause; and 'cried' and 'tears' in I wish I hadnt cried so much! I shall be punished for it... by being drowned in my own tears!2

Collocation
The final form of lexical cohesion is COLLOCATION. Halliday defines collocation as the tendency of certain lexical items to co-occur. Hallidays illustration of collocation through the example of the limerick A little fat man of Bombay is both typical and memorable: A little fat man of Bombay Was smoking one very hot day. But a bird called a snipe Flew away with his pipe, Which vexed the fat man of Bombay. Halliday notes here that there is a strong collocational bond between smoke and pipe in the above poem. Do not get too worried if you cannot always make an exact distinction between collocation and some examples of synonymy. Halliday notes that even where there is a relation of synonymy between lexical items, their cohesive effect tends to depend more on collocation, a simple tendency to co-occur (p. 313, 333, 577). So the two types of lexical cohesion do tend to overlap.
a collocation (noun): an example of collocation - "White coffee" is a collocation. An easy way to remember the meaning of collocation: think of "col-" or "co-" (together) and "location" (place) = place together, locate together, go together

If we look deeper into collocations, we find that not only do the words "go together" but there is a degree of predictability in their association. Generally, in any collocation, one word will "call up" another word in the mind of a native speaker. In other words, if I give you one word, you can predict the other word, with varying degrees of success. This predictability is not 100%, but it is always much higher than with non-collocates
The predictability may be strong: for example "auspicious" collocates with very few words, as in:
y y y

prosperous occasion prosperous moment prosperous event