Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Planning
It means identifying goals for future organizational performance and deciding on the tasks and use of resources needed to attain them. Managerial planning defines where the organization wants to be in future and how to get there.
Planning cont.
A goal is a desired future state that the organization attempts to realize. Goals are important bse organizations exist for a purpose, and goals define and state the purpose. A plan is a blueprint for goal achievement and specifies the necessary resource allocations, schedules, tasks and other actions. Goals specify future ends; plans specify todays means.
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Planning cont.
The concept of planning incorporates both ideas; it means determining the organizations goals and defining the means of achieving them.
Organizational Mission
At the top of goal hierarchy is the mission- the organizations reason for existence. The mission describes the organizations values, aspirations and reason for being. A well defined mission is the basis for devt of all subsequent goals and plans. The formal mission statement is a broadly stated definition of purpose that distinguishes the organization from others of a similar type.
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Operational planning
Managers use operational goals to direct employees & resources toward achieving specific outcomes that enable the organization to perform efficiently & effectively. One consideration is how to establish effective goals. Managers use a number of planning approaches, including management by objectives, single-use plans and standing plans.
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Management by Objectives
MBO gained recognition in 1954 with the Publication of Peter Druckers book The Practice of Management. It has remained a popular & compelling method of for defining goals & monitoring progress toward achieving them. MBO is a system whereby managers & employees define goals for every dept, prjct & person and use them to monitor subsequent performance.
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Organizing
Organization typically follows planning and reflects how the organization tries to accomplish the plan. Organizing involves assigning tasks, grouping tasks into depts, delegating authority, and allocating resources across the organization. Organizing is the deployment of organizational resources to achieve strategic goals.
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Organizing cont
The deployment of resources is reflected in the organizations division of labour into specific departments & jobs, formal lines of authority, and mechanisms for coordinating diverse organization tasks. Strategy defines what to do; organizing defines hoe to do it.
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Organization structure
The organizing process leads to the creation of organizational, which defines how tasks are divided and resources deployed. Organization structure is defined as; 1) The set of formal tasks assigned to individuals & depts, 2) Formal reporting r/ships including lines of authority, decision responsibility, number of hierarchical levels and span of managers control
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Organization chart
The chart delineates the chain of command, indicates departmental tasks & how they fit together, and provides order and logic for the organization. Every employee has an appointed task, line of authority and decision responsibility. Look at work specialization, chain of command, span of mgt, Centralization and decentralization
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Leading
Leading is the use of influence to motivate employees to achieve organizational goals. Leading means creating a shared culture & values, communicating goals to employees throughout the organization, and infusing the employees with the desire to perform at a high level. *Leadership styles
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Controlling
Controlling means monitoring employees activities, determining whether the organization is on target toward its goals, and making corrections as necessary. Organizational control refers to the systematic process of regulating organizational activities to make them consistent with the expectations established in plans, targets and standards of performance.
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Controlling cont.
To effectively control an organization, managers need to decide what information is essential, how they will obtain that information, and how can and should respond to it. Managers decide which standards, measurements and metrics are needed to effectively monitor and control the organization and set up systems for obtaining that information.
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