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Promoting Biofertilisers in Indian Agriculture

Premsukh Godara

Introduction
Biofertilisers, more commonly known as microbial inoculants, are artificially multiplied cultures of soil organisms that can improve soil fertility and crop productivity

History
Nitragin, a laboratory culture of Rhizobia in 1895 by Nobbe and Hiltner Azotobactor & BGA Azospirillum 7 Vesicular- Arbuscular Micorrizae(VAM) INDIA N V Joshi, 1956, Rhizobium commercial production in India

Commanly explored Biofertilisers in India


RhizobiumRHZ Fixes atmospheric nitrogen into symbiotic association with plants, forms nodules in roots AzotobactorAZT Useful for cereals, millets, vegetables, cotton & sugarcane Free living & non-symbiotic N-fixing organism AzospirillumAZS N-fixing organism for non legumes Blue Green Algae BGA Free living Photosynthetic N-fixer Improve soil aeration & WHC, add growth promoter & Vitamin B12 Azolla Aquatic fern of shallow fields of rice Symbiosis with BGA Phosphate Solublising / Mobilising Biofertiliser PSB Enable uptake of Phosphate in plants

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