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JheÚkxore~
nÓke% LdUèk%
(çFke [k.M vè;k; ƒ&Š)
f=nf.MLokeh
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JhJhd'koth xkSM+h; eB
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n'ke% LdU/k%
(iwokZèkZ%)
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nsodhdk fookg] vkdkÓkok.kh vkSj dald }kjk
nsodhd Ng iq=ksadh gR;k
Jhjktksokpμ
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mokp (JhÓkqdnso xksLokehls dgk) Hkork (ijegal&pwM+kef.k vkid
}kjk) lkselw;Z;ks% (pUæ vkSj lw;Zd) oaÓkfoLrkj% (iq=&ikS= vkfnd
Øels oaÓkdk o.kZu) dfFkr% (uoe LdUèk vkfneü o.kZu fd;k x;k
gS) ýrFkkþ mHk;oaÓ;kuke~ (pUæoaÓk vkSj lw;ZoaÓkeü mRiék) jkKke~
(iq#jok] ddRL; vkfn jktkvküdk) ijekÚqre~ (ije foLe;dkjh)
pfjre~ p (moZÓkh&ifjxzg vkSj bUæineü vkjksg.k vkfn pfjr
dFkkdk Hkh o.kZu fd;k x;k gS)ûƒû
6 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@ƒ@ƒ
Jh:ipj.k}U}&jkfx.ke~ oztokflue~A
Jhthoa lrra oUns eUns"okuUnnkf;ue~û
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ÏikEHkqfèk;Z% ijnq%[k&nq%[kh lukruLRoa çHkqa vkJ;kehû
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loZçFke fu#ikfèkd d#.kkd leqæ Jhxq#ikniù ¬ fo".kqikn
v"VksÙkjÓkr JhJheÚfäizKku dÓko xksLokeh egkjkt] egkegksikè;k;
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Jhy tho xksLokehikn] Jhy lukru xksLokehikn] ijeoUnuh; Jhy
JhèkjLokehikn vkSj egkonkU; Jhjkèkk&Hkko&dkfUr&lqofyr Ï".kLo:i
ÓkphuUnu JhxkSjgfjd Jhpj.kdeyksaesa iqu%&iqu% iz.kfriwoZd mudh
Ïik&izkFkZuk djrs gq, lc izdkjls vufHkK gksusij Hkh mä
oS".ko&vkpk;ks±dh Vhdkvküd vkèkkjij JheÚkxor n'ke&LdUèkij
^HkkoçdkfÓkdk o`fÙk* çLrqr djusdh ps"Vk dj jgk gw¡A lân;
oS".koo`Un esjs bl nq%lkgldks {kek djd ÏikiwoZd bl nhu&ghudh
{kqæ lsok&ps"Vkdks Lohdkjdj Ïik djüA
egkjkt Jhijhf{kr~~ d iz'uküd vuqlkj ijegal&pwM+kef.k
Jh'kqdnso xksLokehus JheÚkxord çFke vkB LdUèkküeü ;ksxèkkj.kk]
egkiq#"k laLFkku (voLFkku)] lef"V vkSj O;f"V fojkVdk o.kZu]
euqoa'kdk o.kZu] Hkwxksy vkfn o`ÙkkUrdk o.kZu] vusd Hkäksad
pfj= ,oa mik[;ku vkfndk o.kZu djrs gq, vUresa uoe&LdUèkesa
lw;Z vkSj pUæoa'kdk o.kZu fd;k gSA fQj pUæoa'kdk o.kZu djrs
gq, mUgküus la{ksiesa JhÏ".kyhykdks bfÂr fd;k gSA
egkjkt Jhijhf{kr~~us ekr`xHkZesa fuokl djrs le; ftudh
Jhew£Ùkdk n'kZu çkIr fd;k Fkk] tks ik.Modydh ,dek= xfr gSa]
ftud izHkkols vkt egkjkt ijhf{kr~ i`Fohd vkfèkiR;dks R;kxdj
xÂkthd rVij Jo.kk Hkfädk vkJ; ysusesa leFkZ gq, gSa]
14 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@ƒ@ƒ
ftud Jhpj.kdey czãk] fÓkokfn }kjk Hkh ofUnr gksrs g®] tks
nhutuküdh ,dek= 'kj.k g®] mu JhxksfoUndh dFkkd Jo.kek=ls
gh Jhijhf{kr~~ egkjktd ân;esa vUr£ufgr xqIr&izsecht vadfjr gks
mBkA
ftl çdkj [kks;s gq, foLe`r èkudk dN va'k feyusij
mldh Le`frd tkx`r gksusd lkFk&gh&lkFk ftl çdkj euesa ml
èkud vo'ks"k Hkkxdks ikusdh Hkh izcy mRd.Bk tkx mBrh gS]
mlh çdkj egkjkt ijhf{kr~ Hkh JhÏ".kyhykdk dN va'k lquusd
i'pkr~ mld vo'ks"k va'kdks Hkh lquusd fy, vkrqj gks mBsA
çse ân;dh oLrq gksusij Hkh mls vUrj ân;eü fNikdj ug°
j[kk tk ldrk] D;küfd ckgjeü Hkh mld cgqr&ls fodkj çdkfÓkr
gksdj ân;eü mldh vofLFkfrdks çdfVr dj nsrs g®A egkjkt
Jhijhf{kr~~dh JhÏ".k&yhykdFkk Jo.kdh ykylkd o£¼r gksusd
dkj.k mud us=ksaesa vJq] 'kjhjesa iqyd vkSj ok.khesa xn~xn&Hkko
izdkf'kr gks mBsA bl çdkj os izse&'kksHkkls 'kksfHkr vkSj
isze&lEind egkèkuh egkjkt cu x;sA dksbZ fo"k;klä O;fä gh
mUgü ;g dgdj Jhghu eku ldrk gS fd ^jktos'k ifjR;kx djusls
mudh nSfgd Jh ,oa jktin R;kx djusls mudh ,sfgd (tkxfrd)
Jh (lkSUn;Z) u"V gks x;h gS*] ijUrq rÙoK O;fäd vuqlkj okLro
Jh vFkkZr~ ^lEifÙk* rks JhHkxoku~d pj.kdeyküeü jfr gS] u fd
èku] tu] xzke vkfn dk çpqj ek=keü gksukA
JhpSrU; pfjrke`rd vUrxZr Jhjk; jkekuUn laokneü Hkh
ns[kk tkrk gSμ
lEifÙkj eè;s thosj dkSu lEifÙk xf.k\
jkèkkÏ".ks izse ;k¡j lsb cM+ èkuhû
(JhpSñ pñ eè; Š@„†ˆ)
vFkkZr~ ßJheu~ egkizHkqus Jhjk; jkekuUnls iwNkμlEif Ùk;ksaesa
thodh lcls Js"B lEifÙk D;k gS\ Jhjk; jkekuUnus dgkμftud
ikl JhjkèkkÏ".kd çfr izse:ih lEifÙk gS] os gh lcls vfèkd
èkuh g®AÞ
ƒŒ@ƒ@ƒ þ izFkeks·/;k;% 15
mixzg g® vkSj lw;Z xzg g®A pUæ lw;Zdh fdj.kksals vkyksfdr gksdj
txr~dks izdk'k nsrs gSaA pUædh vis{kk lw;Z ifjek.kesa c`gr~ rFkk
vusd çdkjdh ÅtkZvküd òksr gSaA fofHkék n`f"Vdks.kküls fopkj
djusij ns[kk tkrk gS fd pUædh vis{kk lw;Z gh Js"B gaSA vr,o
pUæ vkSj lw;Z indk lekl djusij ^pUælw;Z* u gksdj ^lw;ZpUæ*
gh gksuk pkfg;s] ijUrq egkjkt Jhijhf{kr~~us Jh'kqdnso xksLokehd
le{k ^lw;Zlkse;ks%* u dgdj ^lkselw;Z;ks%* dgk gSA blls ;g izrhr
gksrk gSS fd tkxfrd Js"Brk vkSj dfu"Brkdh vis{kk Hkxor~&
lEcUèk;qä Js"B&dfu"Bdk fopkj gksuk gh mfpr gSA pUæoa'kesa
Lo;a&Hkxoku~ JhÏ".k ,oa lw;Zoa'kesa mud vaÓk JhjkepUæ vorh.kZ
gq, gSa] blfy, Lo;a&Hkxoku~ JhÏ".kd lEcUèk&xkSjols pUæ gh
Js"B gSaA fo'ks"kdj pUæ] czãkd ekuliq=μvf=d iq= gSa ,oa lw;Z
czãkd ekuliq= ejhfpd ikS= gSa] vr,o tUe&lEcUèkls Hkh pUæ
gh Js"B gSaA
egkjkt Jhijhf{kr~~ JhÏ".kyhykdFkk lquusd fy, vR;Ur
mRlqd gq, gSa ,oa ;gh mudk ,sdkfUrd vHkh"V Hkh gSA
JhÏ".kyhyk&fo"k;d iz'u djusd fy, gh os Jh'kqdnso xksLokehd
iwoZ&dfFkr fo"k;ksadk vuqeksnu djrs gq, Øe'k% vHkh"V fo"k;ksadh
vksj vxzlj gks jgs g®ûƒû
fuo`Ùkr"kSZ#ixh;ekukn~&
HkokS"kèkkPNªks=euks·fHkjkekr~ A
d mÙke%'yks d xq . kkuq o knkr~
iqeku~ fojT;sr fouk i'kq?ukr~û†û
vUo;%μfuo`Ùkr"kS%Z (ftudh JhÏ".kHkfäd vfrfjä fo"k;Hkksxdh
vU; leLr okluk,¡ lekIr gks pqdh g®] ,sls eqätukü }kjk Hkh)
mixh;ekukr~ (JkSr&ijEijk vFkkZr~ Jhxq#eq[kls Jo.kdj loZJs"B
lkèkud :ieü fujUrj dh£Ùkr gksusokys) HkokS"kèkkr~ (lalkjls
fuo`fÙkdh vkS"kèk&Lo:i] leLr nq[kküdk foukÓk djusokys ,oa lkè;
vkSj lkèku Lo:i) Jks=euks·fHkjkekr~ (ÓkCnek=ls dkueü rFkk
vFkZKkuls eueü lEiw.kZ :ils vkuUn vuqHko djkusokys) mÙke%
(loZJs"B) Óyksd% (JhHkxoku~d HkäokRlY; vkfn xq.kküd fujUrj
dhÙkZuls) iÓkq?ukr~ (iÓkqvküdks ekjusd LoHkkookys cgsfy;sd) fouk
(vfrfjä nwljk) d% iqeku~ (dkSu ,slk O;fä gksxk] tks) fojT;sr
(bu dFkkvküls fojr gksxk)û†û
28 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@ƒ@†
fuekZY;dh Hkk¡fr ije mRÏ"V oLrq ;k fo"k; vkSj D;k gks ldrk
gS\ tks bu fo"k;ksadk ifjR;kx djd izkÏr fo"k;küesa vuqjä gksrk
gS] og dfo"k;h gSA
blfy, eqä] eqeq{k vkSj fo"k;h dksbZ Hkh JhÏ".kd
xq.kkuqoknls foeq[k ugha gks ldrkA JhÏ".kdFkkesa ,d ,slh vfpUR;
'kfä gS] ftlls lHkh vkÏ"V gks tkrs gSaA Jhijhf{kr~~ egkjktdh
fou;ksfä ;gh gS fd ßeSa eqä ;k eqeq{k u gksusij Hkh fo"k;h rks
gw¡ ghA vr,o d.kZjlk;u vkSj euksjlk;ud :iesa JhxksfoUnd
xq.kkuqoknesa vkÏ"V gks tkÅ¡xk] blesa dksbZ lUnsg ugha gSAÞ
gs xqjks (JhÓkqdnso xksLokeh)! eSa JhÏ".kdh yhykdFkkd
Jo.kls foeq[k gks tkÅ¡xkμ,slk u le>sa] D;küfd JhÏ".kd
xq.kkuqokn&Jo.kls fdlhdks Hkh fojfä ugha gks ldrh gSû†û
firkegk es lejs·ej´t;S%
ns o oz r k|kfrjFkS f LrfefÂyS % A
nqjR;;a dkSjolSU;lkxja
ÏRokrju~ oRlina Le ;RIyok%û‡û
ækS . ;L=foIyq " Vfena enÂa
lUrkuchta d#ik.Mokuke~A
tqxksi d¥{k xr vkÙkpØks
ekrq'p es ;% 'kj.ka xrk;k%ûˆû
oh;kZ f .k rL;kf[kyns g Hkktk&
eUrcZfg% iq#"kdky:iS%A
iz ; PNrks e` R ;q e q r ke` r ´p
ek;keuq " ;L; onLo fo}u~ û ‰û
vUo;%μes (esjs) firkegk% (firk vfHkeU;qd fir`oxZ vtqZu
vkfn ik.Mox.k) ;r~ Iyok% (ftu JhÏ".kd pj.kdey:ih
ukSdkdk vkJ; ysdj) lejs (;q¼eü) vej´t;S% (nsorkvküdks
thruseü leFkZ) frfefÂyS% (frfefÂy (vFkkZr~ ,d foÓkkydk;
34 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@ƒ@‡&‰
xzg.k djrs gSaA fdUrq thod tUed lkFk mud tUedk ikFkZD;
;g gS fd thodk tUe dekZèkhu vkSj Hkxoku~dk tUe izsekèkhu gSA
Hkxoku~ HkäokRlY;oÓkr% ftl oa'kesa tUe ysdj ,slk lEcUèk
LFkkfir djrs g®] ml oaÓkeü mRiék egkHkkX;oku O;fä gh Hkxoku~d
Kkfr (dVqEch) gksrs gSaA
JheÚkxoreü ;knox.k vkSj xksix.k JhÏ".kd Kkfrd :ieü
fu£n"V gq, g®A JhHkxoku~us o`Unkouls eFkqjk tkrs le; o`Unkouokfl;ksd
a ks
;g dgk Fkkμ^Kkrhu~ oks æ"Vqes";keks foèkk; lqânka lq[ke~* (JheÚkñ
ƒŒ@†‡@„…) vFkkZr~ ßeFkqjkoklh lqânksadk vkuUn&foèkkudj e® bl
o`Unkouesa iqu% vius Kkfr;küdks ns[kus vkÅ¡xkAÞ JhÏ".kdk egkjkt
Jholqnsod iq=d :iesa tUe xzg.k djuk JheÚkxoresa Li"V :ils
o.kZu gS] vr,o ;knox.k mud Kkfr g®A egkjkt ijhf{kr~ Hkh
vius lEcUèkd vuqlkj JhÏ".kdks olqnsouUnud :iesa tkurs gSa]
vr% mud eresa ;knox.k gh JhÏ".kd Kkfr gSaA ijUrq Jh'kqdnso
xksLokehus dgkμ^Kkrhu~ oks æ"Vqes";ke%* (JheÚkñ ƒŒ@†‡@„…)μ
JhÏ".kd Jheq[kfu%l`r bl opud vuqlkj xksiksadks os vius
Kkfrd :iesa tkurs gSaA blfy, Jh'kqdnso xksLokehus xksiksad lkFk
JhÏ".kd fuokldh ckr dgh gSA
vius Kkfr;ksad lkFk HkäoRly JhÏ".kd oklLFkkudk
ukeek= lqudj egkjkt ijhf{kr~ r`Ir ugha gks ik;s] blfy, mUgksaus
iz'u fd;kμßgs xqjks! JhÏ".kus ozt vkSj eèkqiqjhesa okldj
dkSu&dkSu&lh yhyk,¡ dh gSa\Þ ;gk¡ ^ozt* 'kCndk vFkZ ^xksdy ,oa
o`Unkou* rFkk ^eèkq&iqjh* 'kCndk vFkZ ^eFkqjk vkSj }kjdk* gSA
vr,o bu rhu LFkkuksaij JhHkxoku~dh yhyk,¡ ,oa }kjdk
okldkyhu gfLrukiqj] d#{ks= vkfn LFkkuküdh yhyk,¡ Hkh bl
çÓud }kjk lwfpr gksrh gSaA
egkjkt ijhf{kr~us JhHkxoku~dh xksdy ] eFkqjk vkSj }kjdkμbu
rhukü èkkeksaesa okldkyhu yhykvksad fo"k;eü iz'udj iqu% mudh
eFkqjkyhykesa daloèkd fo"k;esa lUnsg;qä gksdj çÓu fd;sμßgs
xqjks! JhÏ".kdh tUeyhykdh ppkZ djusij ,slk izrhr gksrk gS fd
50 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@ƒ@Š&ƒ„
dal mudh tuuh nsodhd ppsjk HkkbZ g®] vr,o JhÏ".kdk ekek
gSA ijUrq JhÏ".k rks leLr ln~xq.kksadh [kku g®] fQj Hkh mUgküus
Lo;a gh lcd lkeus ekek daldk oèk fd;kA ekekdk oèk djuk
rks dnkfi mfpr ugha gS] vr% bldk D;k dkj.k gS\ u tkus bl
yhykesa Hkxoku~ JhÏ".kdh dlh vikj d#.kk fNih gqbZ gSAÞ
egkjkt ijhf{kr~us vkSj Hkh ,d iz'u fd;kμßJhHkxoku~us
ujnsgdk vkJ;dj fdrus o"kks± rd ;knoksad lkFk ;nqiqjhesa fuokl
fd;k\Þμbl çÓuls ,slk yxrk gS fd tho ftl çdkj vius
deZQyd vuqlkj euq";] i'kq] nsork vkfn nsg èkkj.kdj viuk
deZQy Hkksx djrk gqvk ml nsgdk ifjR;kx djrk gS] mlh çdkj
JhHkxoku~ Hkh vius iz;kstud vuqlkj euq";] i'kq] nsork vkfn nsg
èkkj.kdj ;FkklEHko yhyk djusd ckn iqu% ml nsgdks R;kx nsrs
gSaA ijUrq ;gk¡ ;g voÓ; gh tkuuk gksxk fd thod lkFk
Hkxoku~d tUedk ikFkZD; gS] vFkkZr~ tho vius deZQyls 'kjhj
èkkj.k djrk gS vkSj Hkxoku~ LosPNkls 'kjhj èkkj.k djrs gSaA
fujkdkjoknh vkSj czã&lk;qT;dh dkeuk djusokys gh bl
fl¼kUrdk vuqlj.k djrs g®] fdUrq bld }kjk JhHkxoku~dh
Jhew£Ùkdks deZQyls izkIr thodh izkÏr nsgdh Hkk¡fr vfuR;
Lohdkj djusij egk vijkèk&leqæesa Mwcuk gksxkA JheUegkizHkqd
lkFk Jhdk'khd v}Sroknh oSnkfUrd vkpk;Z izdk'kkuUn ljLorhdk
HkxoÙkÙod fo"k;esa fopkj&foe'kZ gqvk FkkA ml le; JhpSrU;egkizHkqus
muls dgk Fkkμ
çkÏr dfj;k ekus fo".kqdysojA
fo".kq fuUnk vkj ukfg bgkj Åijû
(JhpSñ pñ vkñ ‰@ƒƒ‡)
vFkkZr~ lfPpnkuUn JhHkxoku~d 'kjhjdks izkÏr le>uk
mudh fuUnk djuk gSA ;g egk&vijk/k gS] D;küfd blls c<+dj
fo".kqdh vkSj dksbZ fuUnk ugha gks ldrh gSA
fujkdkjoknd fo"k;esa Hkh JheUegkizHkqus dgkμ
ƒŒ@ƒ@Š&ƒ„ þ izFkeks·/;k;% 51
vuÓkuij cSBk gw¡] fQj Hkh gfjdFkkd fy, thou èkkj.k dj jgk
gw¡A vr% vki eq>s gfjdFkk lqukdj ÏrkFkZ djsaûƒ…û
lwr mokpμ
,oa fu'kE; Hk`xquUnu lkèkqokna
oS;klfd% l HkxokuFk fo".kqjkre~A
izR;P;Z Ï".kpfjra dfydYe"k?ua
O;kgrq Z e kjHkr Hkkxorçèkku%ûƒ†û
vUo;%μHk`xquUnu (gs ÓkkSudth!) vFk (ijhf{kr~d çÓu
djusij) l% (loZyksd çfl¼) Hkxoku~ (loZK&fÓkjksef.k) Hkkxor&
çèkku (JhHkxoÚä pwM+kef.k) oS;klfd% (O;kluUnu JhÓkqdnso) ,oa
(iwoksZä) lkèkqokna (ijhf{kr~d leqfpr çÓuküdks) fuÓkE; (Jo.kdj)
fo".kqjkra (mu jktk ijhf{kr~dks) çR;P;Z (fofoèk çdkjls çÓkalk
vkfn }kjk lEEkkfurdj) dfydYe"k?ua (dfyd nks"kkasdk gj.k
djusokyh) Ï".kpfjra (JhÏ".kdh yhykdFkkdks) O;kgÙkq± (dhÙkZu
djuk) vkjHkr (çkjEHk fd;k)ûƒ†û
vuqoknμJhlwr xksLokehus dgkμgs Hk`xquUnu 'kkSud! vuUrj
ijeiwT; egkHkkxor loZK&f'kjksef.k O;kluUnu Jhy 'kqdnsous
Jhijhf{kr~~ egkjktd bu vfr mi;qä vkSj ;qfäiw.kZ iz'uksadks Jo.k
djd mUgü lk/kqokn iznku djrs gq, mudk lEeku fd;k ,oa
dfyd dYe"kdks ukÓk djusokyh Jhgfjdh yhykdFkkdks dguk
izkjEHk dj fn;kûƒ†û
lkjkFkZn£Ókuhμgs Hk`xquUnu 'kkSudA dykS tfu";ek.kkukefi dYe"ka
lalkjnq%[ka gUrhfr rr~A ;}k] dfy:ia dYe"ka gUrhfr fo".kqjkrfo'ks"k.kefiA
Hkkxors"kq izèkku bfr iaqLRoek"kZe~A ;}k] Hkkxork ,o ekU;Rosu izèkkukfu ;L;
l%ûƒ†û
Hkkokuqoknμ^Hk`xuq Unu*μgs 'kkSud! ^dfydYe"k?ue~*μHkfo";dkyeü
dfy;qxesa tUe ysusokyküd Hkh ^dye"k*μlalkj nq%[kdks ukÓk
djusokyh JhÏ".kdh yhykdFkkA vFkok] ftUgküus dfy:i dYe"kdks
ƒŒ@ƒ@ƒ† þ izFkeks·/;k;% 57
Hkwfen`ZIru`iO;kt&nSR;kuhd'krk;qrS% A
vkØkUrk HkwfjHkkjs.k czãk.ka 'kj.ka ;;kSûƒ‰û
vUo;%μHkwfe% (i`fFkoh nsoh) n`Iru`iO;kt&nSR;kuhd&Ókrk;qrS%
(egk&vfHkekuls x£or gksdj dekxZeü pyusokys jktkvküd osÓkeü
nSR;&nkuokü rFkk mudh vla[; lsukvküd) HkwfjHkkjs.k (vR;Ur
ƒŒ@ƒ@ƒ‰ þ izFkeks·/;k;% 65
vU;= mRiék ugha gksrk] oSls gh JhHkxoku~ Hkh vius Hkäd oa'k
fcuk vU;= dg° Hkh tUe xzg.k ugha djrs gSaA blfy, os vius
ijeHkä ;nqd oa'kesa okRlY;izsedh ew£Ùk Jholqnso egkjktd ?kjesa
çdV gküxsA
Jhczãkus vkSj Hkh dgkμgs nsorkvks! bl yhykesa nsojef.k;ksad
HkkX;dh Hkh lhek ugha gSA os Hkh bl ckj JhÏ".kdh fiz;kvksadh
lsokd fy, i`Fohesa tUe xzg.k djsaxhA
nsojef.k;ksadk JhÏ".kyhykd le; tUe xzg.k djusd
fo"k;esa iùiqjk.kesa Hkh ns[kk tkrk gSμ
xksI;Lrq Jqr;ks Ks;k ½f"ktk xksi dU;dkA
nsodU;k'p jktsUæ u ekuq";% dnkpuû
vFkkZr~ Jho`Unkouyhykesa JhÏ".kdh izs;lh xksfi;k¡ dksbZ Hkh
ekuoh ugha gSaA lk/kufl¼k (eqfupjh vkSj Jqfrpjh) xksfi;k¡]
nsodU;k,¡ ,oa fuR;fl¼k xksfi;k¡ gh bl yhykdh ifjdj gSaA
iwoZdYiesa JhÏ".kdh yhykdFkkvküdks lqudj tks nsodU;k,¡
xksihHkkols Hkxoku~ JhxksihukFkdh lsok djusd fy, mRlqd gqbZ Fkha]
mUgküus gh bl o`Unkouyhykesa xksih:iesa ekr`LFkkuh; xksfi;ksad xHkZls
tUe xzg.kdj fuR;fl¼k izs;fl;ksad vuqxr gksdj JhxksihukFkd
lsokfèkdkjdks izkIr dh g®A
JhmTToyuhyef.kxzUFk (…@‡„&‡…) esa Jh:ixksLokfeiknus
dgk gSμ
fuR;fç;k.kkea'kkLrq ;k tkrk nso;ksu;%A
rk vaf'kuhukesoklka fç;l[;ks·Hkou~ oztsû
vFkkZr~ JhÏ".k tc vius va'kls nso;ksfuesa vkfoHkwZr gksrs gSa]
ml le; mud izhfrfo/kkud fy, mudh fuR;&dkUrkvksadh va'k
Hkh nsfo;küd :iesa izdV gksrh gSaA os nsojef.k;k¡ gh vc JhÏ".k&
vorkjd le; oztesa xksidU;k,¡ gksdj viuh vaf'kfu fuR;
fiz;kvksadh fuR; lf[k;k¡ gksrh gSaA
ƒŒ@ƒ@„† þ izFkeks·/;k;% 79
Jh'kqd mokpμ
bR;kfn';kejx.kku~ çtkifrifr£oHkq % A
vk'okL; p egha xh£Hk% Loèkke ijea ;;kSû„ˆû
vUo;%μçtkifrifr% (n{k vkfn çtkifr;küd Hkh ifr)
foHkq% (txr~&,s'o;Zd vfèkifr czãk) vejx.kku~ (nsorkvküdks)
bfr (iwoZ dfFkr JhHkxoku~d vkfoHkkZodk çdkj) vkfnÓ; (o.kZudj)
xh£Hk% (gs i`Foh! rqe èkU; gks] vfrÓkh?kz JhxksfoUnd pj.kdeykü
}kjk rqe vyaÏr gksvksxh bR;kfn eèkqj opuküls) eg° (i`Fohdks)
vk'okL; (vk'oklu okD;küd }kjk lUrq"V djd) ijea (Js"B)
Loèkke (vius Hkoueü) ;;kS (pys x;s)û„ˆû
vuqoknμJh'kqdnso xksLokehus dgkμn{kkfn iztkifr;ksad Hkh
ifr ,sÓo;ZÓkkyh Jhczãkus nsorkvksadks bl izdkj JhHkxoku~d
vorkjls lEcfUèkr vkns'k lquk;k rFkk i`Foh nsohdks fofoèk
opuksad }kjk lkURouk nsdj os vius ijeèkke czãyksddks pys
x;sû„ˆû
lkjkFkZn£Ókuhμbfr] Jhfo".okns'kkuqokn&izdkjs.kû„ˆû
Hkkokuqoknμiztkifr;ksad ifr Jhczãkus nsorkvksadks Hkxoku~
Jhfo".kqdk vkns'k lquk;k rFkk vusd çdkjd eèkqj opuksad }kjk
i`Fohnsohdks Hkh lkURouk nhû„ˆû
T;ksfr;ZFkSoksndik£Fkos"on%
lehjosxkuqxra foHkkO;rsA
,oa Loek;kjfprs"olkS iqeku~
xq . ks " kq jkxkuq x rks foeq á frû†…û
vUo;%μvn% (vkdkÓkeü fLFkr) ýgksusij Hkhþ T;ksfr% (pUæ]
lw;Z vkfndk fcEc) ;Fkk (ftl çdkj) mnd&ik£Fkos"kq (tyls iw.kZ
?kM+s vkfneü) ýçfrfcfEcr gksdjþ lehjosxkuqxra (ok;qosxd dkj.k
dEiu vkfnls ;qä gksusd :ieü) foHkkO;rs (çrhr gksrk gS) ,oa
(mlh çdkj) Loek;kjfprs"kq (JhHkxoku~dh ek;kd }kjk fu£er)
xq.ks"kq (Ókjhjeü) vlkS (og) iqeku~ (tho) ýÓkq¼ gksusij Hkhþ
jkxkuqxr% (e® ;g Ókjhj g¡w] bl cqf¼ls fu;fU=r gksdj) foeqáfr
(tUe&ej.k vkfn nsgèkeZdks Hkksx djrk gS)û†…û
vuqoknμftl izdkj lw;Z&pUæ vkfn T;ksfreZ; inkFkZ tyls
Hkjs gq, feêhd ?kM+ksaesa vFkok ty vkSj rsy vkfnesa izfrfcfEcr
gksdj ok;qd osxoÓkr% dfEir çrhr gksrs gSa] fdUrq okLroeü lw;Z]
pUækfneü dEiu ug° gksrkA mlh izdkj ;g lfPpnkuUn&Lo:i tho
viuh vfo|kls dfYir nsg ,oa eu vkfnesas vklfä;qä gksdj
foeksfgr gksrk gS vFkkZr~ JhHkxoku~dh ek;k }kjk fu£er nsgeü ^e®*
vfHkekudj nsgd èkeZ tUe&ej.kkfndk Hkksx djrk gSA fdUrq]
okLroeü Ókq¼tho tUe&ej.kkfnls jfgr gSû†…û
lkjkFkZn£ÓkuhμrrÓp eu%lfgrL; thoL; euksèkeZizkfIra ln`"VkUr&
ekgA T;ksfrÓpUælw;kZfnfdj.k%] mnd"kq ik£Fkos"kq rSy?k`rkfn"kq p] izfrfcEc:is.k
fLFkra lehjosxkuqxra lr~] fo&HkkO;rsμfofoèka dEio'kkíh?kZ&ÎLokfn:ia] HkkO;rs
Hkkfora HkofrA ,oeso] Los Loh;kÓp rs ek;kjfprksfr Loek;kjfprk%] rs"kq
xq.ks"kq nsg"s kq] iqeku~ tho%] jkxkuqxr%μjkxks fo"k;HkksxPs Nky{k.kks euksèkeZLreuqxrks]
foeqáfr rnh;fo"k;HkksxsPNkO;kI;ks HkofrA rsu] Roefi rFkkHkwr ,o tho%A
Loh;fo"k;lq[kHkksx&fl¼îFk± ;nsrka gafl] r}îFkZesoA nsguk'ks·fi Ronh;'kqHkkn`"V&
L;kuÓojRokísgkUrjL; lqyHkRokPp r=So rs Hkksx% lsRL;fr] L=hoèks rq izR;qr
nsgkUrjs nq%[keso HkksäO;a L;kr~A fd´p] deZ.k% izcyRoknkdk'kok.;qfí"Vks
112 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@ƒ@†…&††
(ƒ)
eg£"k ekd.Ms;dh lkr o"kZdh fuèkkZfjr vk;q Fkh] ijUrq e`R;qdkyd
mifLFkr gksusij mUgküus egke`R;q´t; dopdk ikBdj Jhf'kodks izlék dj
fy;k] ftld QyLo:i mUgü lkr&dYidh yEch vk;q fey x;hA
ƒŒ@ƒ@††&†‡ þ izFkeks·/;k;% 113
gSaA rqe ,dckj nsodhdh vksj ns[kks rksA ;g rqEgkjh NksVh cgu
gS] vk;qesa ckfydk] rqEgkjh bl lagkjd&ew£Ùkdks ns[kdj Hk;Hkhr
gksdj dBiqryh&lh cu x;h gS] D;k blls rqEgkjk ân; rfud Hkh
fi?kyrk ugha gS\ nsodhus rqEgkjs fudV dksbZ vijkèk ugha fd;k]
fQj Hkh bldk oèk djd rqEgkjk dkSu&lk LokFkZ fl¼ gksxk\ rqe
e`R;qd Hk;ls Hkhr gksdj nsodhdks ekjdj e`R;qls cpusdh ps"Vk
dj jgs gksA fdUrq FkksM+k fopkj djd ns[kks fd nsodh Hkh rks
rqEgkjh gh Hkk¡fr Hk;Hkhr gks jgh gS] fdUrq bld ikl rqEgkjk
çfrdkj djusdk lkeF;Z ugha gSA rqe egkcyh gks vkSj ;g vcyk
gS ,oa rqEgkjs Lusgls ykfyr&ikfyr gSA ;g ns[kdj Hkh rqEgsa n;k
ugha vkrh\
bu 'yksdksadk fo'ys"k.k djusij ,slk ns[kk tkrk gS fd
Jholqnso egkjktus daldks vkReKku] fo"k;&oSjkX; ,oa ddeZls
fuo`Ùk gksusd fo"k;esa dgdj mls ikidk;Zls gVkusdk iz;kl fd;kA
Jh'kqdnso xksLokehus JhÏ".kyhykdFkkd izkjEHkesa egkjkt ijhf{kr~dks
bu mins'kksadks lqukdj 'kkL=d iz;kstudk funsZÓk fd;k gSû…‰&†‡û
Jh'kqd mokpμ
,oa l lkefHkHksZnScksZè;ekuks·fi nk#.k%A
u U;orZr dkSjO; iq#"kknkuuqozr%û†ˆû
vUo;%μJhÓkqd mokp (JhÓkqdnso xksLokehus dgk) dkSjO;
(gs ijhf{kr~!) nk#.k% (u`Ókal) iq#"kknku~ vuqozr% (v?k] od vkfn
jk{klküd lgpj) l% (dal) ,oa (iwoksZä çdkjls) lkefHk%
(lkURoukiw.kZ okD;küd }kjk) HksnS% (n`"V&vn`"Vd lEcUèkeü Hk;
çnÓkZudkjh okD;küd }kjk) cksè;eku% vfi (le>k;s tkusij Hkh)
u U;orZr (nsodhdk oèk djusls fuo`Ùk ug° gqvk)û†ˆû
vuqoknμJh'kqdnso xksLokehus dgkμgs d#dyHkw"k.k! ,d
rks dal vfr'k; Øj Fkk vkSj fQj mlij Hkh og loZnk nSR;ksad
ijke'kZd vuqlkj gh pyrk Fkk] blfy, Jholqnsod iwoksZä çdkjd
ƒŒ@ƒ@†ˆ&†‰ þ izFkeks·/;k;% 117
e`R;qcqZf¼erkiksáks ;kon~cqf¼cyksn;e~A
;|lkS u fuorsZr ukijkèkks·fLr nsfgu%û†Šû
vUo;%μcqf¼erk (fop{k.k O;fäd }kjk) ;kor~ cqf¼cyksn;e~
(tc rd cqf¼&cydk mRd"kZ jgrk gS] rc rd) e`R;q% viksá%
(e`R;qdk çfrdkj djuk pkfg;s) ;fn (;FkkÓkfä cy&cqf¼d }kjk
çfrdkj djusij Hkh ;fn) vlkS (e`R;q) u fuorsZr (fuokfjr ug°
gksrh gS) ýrcþ nsfgu% (ps"Vkdkjh O;fädks) vijkèk% (mis{kk
djusdk nks"k) u vfLr (ug° gksrk gS)û†Šû
vuqoknμýJholqnsous fopkj fd;k fdþ cqf¼eku~ O;fädks
vius cqf¼ ,oa cyd jgrs e`R;qls j{kk ikusd fy, çfrdkj djuk
pkfg;sA ;fn iwoksZä ç.kkyhls iz;Ru djusij Hkh e`R;qdk fuokj.k
u fd;k tk ld] rks fQj nsgh ('kjhj/kkjh tho) dk dksbZ vijkèk
ugha gksrk gSû†Šû
lkjkFkZn£Ókuhμviksá% izfrdk;Z%A ;koku~ cqf¼cy;ks#n;ks ;=] r|Fkk
L;kÙkFkkA vLekr~ dalgLrkUe`R;qizrhdkjs ee rq cyL;ksn;ks foQy ,o]
cq¼s#n;Lrq lQyks HkforqegZrhfr Hkko%A vlkS e`R;q%û†Šû
Hkkokuqoknμ^viksá%* vFkkZr~ tc rd cqf¼ vkSj cy
fo|eku gS] rc rd e`R;qdk fuokj.k djusd fy, iz;kl djuk
pkfg;sA fdUrq] ;gk¡ dald gkFkls nsodhdh e`R;qd çfrdkj djusd
fo"k;eü esjk cydk iz;ksx djuk foQy gh gS] ijUrq cqf¼d
ç;ksxls dk;Z lQy gks ldrk gS] ;g Hkko gSA ^vlkS* vFkkZr~ og
e`R;qû†Šû
Jholqnso mokpμ
u áL;kLrs Hk;a lkSE; ;}S lkgk'kjhjokd~A
iq=ku~ leiZf;";s·L;k ;rLrs Hk;eqfRFkre~û‡†û
vUo;%μlkSE; (gs ÓkkUr LoHkkookys!) lk (blls igys
çdkfÓkr) vÓkjhjokd~ (vkdkÓkok.khus) ;r~ oS vkg (^bldk
vk¡Bok xHkZ rqEgkjk gUrkjd gksxk*μ,slk tks dgk gS) ýmld
vuqlkjþ vL;k% (nsodhls) rs (rqEgü) Hk;a (ej.kdk Hk;) u fg
(ug° gS) ;r% (D;küfd) ýftu nsodhd iq=külsþ rs (rqEgkjk) Hk;a
mfRFkra (ej.kdk Hk; mRiék gqvk gS) vL;k% (bl nsodhd) iq=ku~
(mu iq=küdks) leiZf;";s (e® rqEgü leiZ.k d:¡xk)û‡†û
vuqoknμJholqnsous dgkμgs lkSE;! iwoZesa lquh x;h vkdkÓk&
ok.khus tSlk dgk gS] mld vuqlkj bl nsodhls fu'p; gh rqEgsa
dksbZ Hk; ugha gSA ftlls rqEgkjk Hk; mfnr gqvk gS] mu nsodhd
iq=ksadks eSa rqEgkjs gkFkksaesa lkSai nw¡xkû‡†û
lkjkFkZn£ÓkuhμvL;k% ldk'kkÙks Hk;a ukfLr] fdURoL;k v"Vekr~
iq=kr~] ;|FkkA vgUrq iq=ku"Vkoso leiZf;";sA ;r% iq=kÙks Hk;eqfRFkra] l ok
oè;rka] v"Vkoso ok oè;Urkfefr Hkko%û‡†û
Hkkokuqoknμ^u áL;k%*μtSls vkdk'kok.kh gqbZ gS] mld
vuqlkj bl nsodhls rqEgsa dksbZ Hkh Hk; ugha gS] ijUrq bld v"Ve
iq=ls gh rqEgsa Hk; gSA ijUrq eSa vius vkBksa iq=ksadks gh rqEgü lkSai
nw¡xkA ftl iq=ls rqeeü Hk; mRiék gqvk gS] doy mldk ;k fQj
vkBksa iq=ksadk gh rqe oèk dj ldrs gksμ;g Hkko gSû‡†û
124 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@ƒ@†ˆ&‡‡
Jh'kqd mokpμ
LolqoZèkkfékoo`rs dalLr}kD;lkjfor~A
olqnsoks·fi ra çhr% ç'kL; çkfo'kn~x`ge~û‡‡û
vUo;%μr}kD;lkjfor~ (olqno s d opuküdh ;kSfädrk tkudj)
dal (dal) LolqoZèkkr~ (cgudks oèk djusls) fuoo`rs (fuo`Ùk gks
x;k) olqnso% vfi çhr% (Jholqnso Hkh lUrq"V gksdj) ra (daldks)
çÓkL; (çÓkalk vkfnd }kjk lEekfurdj) x`ga çkfoÓkr~ (vius ?kjeü
çfo"V gq,)û‡‡û
vuqoknμJh'kqdnso xksLokehus dgkμml le; dal Jholqnos d
;qfälÂr opuksadh ;FkkFkZrk le> x;k rFkk mlus viuh cgu
nsodhdks ekjusdk fopkj NksM+ fn;kA Jholqnso Hkh mld izfr
lUrq"V gks x;s rFkk daldh iz'kalk djusd mijkUr mUgküus vius
?kjesa çosÓk fd;kû‡‡û
lkjkFkZn£ÓkuhμokD;L; lkj% lR;Roa] olqnsoks feF;k u czwrs bfr
loZFkk tkukrhR;FkZ%A rosna èkeZ'khyRoa Hkqfo izdVhHkwrfefr iz'kL;û‡‡û
Hkkokuqoknμopuküdh lR;rk vFkkZr~ Jholqnso dHkh Hkh >wB
ugha cksyrsμdal ;g lc tkurk FkkA rqEgkjh bl èkeZ'khyrkdk
txr~esa foLrkj gksμbl izdkj daldh iz'kalkdj Jholqnsous vius
?kjdh vksj çLFkku fd;kû‡‡û
HkkoizdkfÓkdk o`fÙkμJh'kqdnsothus egkjkt ijhf{kr~ls dgkμgs
d#dy&pwM+kef.k! olqnsoth nsodhdks fudVLFk foifÙkls eqfä
fnykusd fy, vusd izdkjls fopkj djus yxsA
mUgküus eu&gh&eu fopkj fd;k fd tho&txr~esa tSlh O;kfèk
gS] oSlh gh vkS"kfèk Hkh gSA bl izdkj foifÙk vkSj mldk izfrdkj
nksuksa gh g®A ftl çdkj chekj gksusij vkS"kf/kdk lsou u djusls
chekjh c<+ tkrh gS] oSls gh cqf¼eku O;fä Hkh foifÙk mifLFkr
gksusij dHkh Hkh mldh mis{kk u dj cqf¼ dkS'ky ;k cy
iz;ksxlsμtSls Hkh gks mlls j{kk ikusdh ps"Vk djrs gSaA mlls ;fn
ƒŒ@ƒ@†ˆ&‡‡ þ izFkeks·/;k;% 125
j{kk ugha gksrh gS] rc nks"k fdls fn;k tk;sxk\ ;gh le>uk gksxk
fd ml foindk izfrdkj lkeF;Zls vrhr gSA dal nsodhdk oèk
djusd fy, m|r gqvk gS] ;g eq>ij ,d egku foifÙk gSA
vr,o bldk çfrdkj djusd fy, eq>s Hkh ;Fkklkè; ps"Vk djuh
pkfg;sA
,slk fopkjdj olqnsothus daldks vusd izdkjdh ehBh&ehBh
ckrksals le>kusdk iz;kl fd;k] ijUrq dksbZ Qy ugha gqvkA
nSook.khdks lqudj olqnsothus fu'p; dj fy;k Fkk fd nsodhd
vkBosa xHkZdh lUrku bldk vo'; gh o/k djsxhA vr% ;fn eSa
mls bldks leiZ.k dj nw¡] rks nsodhd çk.k cp ldrs g®A blfy,
mUgksaus dgkμ^eSa nsodhd ftrus Hkh iq= gksaxs] mUgsa rqEgkjs gkFkksaesa
lkSai nw¡xkA*
fQj Hkh vkBosa xHkZesa JhÏ".kus tc tUe xzg.k fd;k] ml
le; olqnsoth mUgü dald gkFkküesa leiZ.k u dj uUnky;esa j[k
vk;s] blesa dksbZ lUnsg ugha gSA D;ksafd JhÏ".kus mUgü ,slk djusd
fy, vkns'k fn;k FkkA ^dal eq>s ekjsxk ;fn rqEgsa ,slk Hk; gS] rks
rqe eq>s xksdyesa j[k vkvksA* Hkxoku~dk lk{kkr~ vkns'k ikdj
olqnsothdks viuh izfrKkd fo"k;esa Lej.k djusdk vodk'k Hkh
ugha jgkA
Jh'kqdnsothus dgkμgs egkjkt! olqnsothd dald le{k
bl izdkj izfrKk djusij dalus Hkh eu&gh&eu fopkj fd;k fd
;g Bhd gSA ;fn eSa nsodhdk oèk d:¡xk] rks yksx esjh fuUnk
djsaxs vkSj nsodhd firk] Hkzkrk vkfn vkReh;tuksad lkFk esjk
fojksèk c<+sxkA ijUrq nsodhdh xHkZtkr lUrkudk futZuesa oèk
djusij dksbZ Hkh tku ugha ik;sxk vkSj esjs izk.k Hkh cp tk;üxsA
fo'ks"kdj olqnsoth ije lR;oknh gSaA vr% mUgksaus tks izfrKk dh
gS] og dHkh >wBh ugha gksxhA vr% o`Fkk gh bls ekjusls dksbZ ykHk
ugha gSA ,slk lkspdj dalus nsodhdh pksVhdks NksM+ fn;k vkSj
ryokj Hkh E;kuesa j[k yhA
126 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@ƒ@†ˆ&‡ˆ
ugha gq,] D;ksafd mUgksaus dalls nsodhd lHkh iq=ksadks tUe gksusij
mld gkFkksaesa lkSai nsusdh izfrKk dh FkhA blfy, mUgküus
iq=Lusgo'kr% çfrKk Hk djuk mfpr ug° le>kA ijUrq mudk
iq=Lusg ugha Fkk] ,slk Hkh ugha gSA ;fn Lusg ugha gksrk] os
Hkxoku~dks okRlY;&Hkkols dls izkIr djrs\ okLroeü olqnsothdk
ân; iq=okRlY;&Lusgls ifjiw.kZ gksusij Hkh mUgküus doyek=
izfrKk&Hk gksusd Hk;ls gh bl vlá iq=&fo;ksxd nq%[kdks
fNikrs gq, dBksj ân;ls uotkr iq=dks dald gkFkksaesa leiZ.kdj
viuh izfrKkdk ikyu fd;kμ
otzknfi dBksjkf.k e`nqfu dlqeknfiA
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rc daldks cM+k gh vk'p;Z gqvkA fo"k;klä dal brus cM+s
R;kxdh èkkj.kk dHkh ugha dj ldrk FkkA fo"k;klä cfgeqZ[k
ƒŒ@ƒ@‡ˆ&ˆ… þ izFkeks·/;k;% 133
lkjkFkZn£ÓkuhμÓkal;kekl 'k'kalûˆ„&ˆ†û
HkkokuqoknμHkxoku~ Jhukjnus daldks bu lHkh jgL;iw.kZ
ckrksals voxr djk;kûˆ†û
HkkoizdkfÓkdk o`fÙkμdalus nsodhd izFke iq=dk oèk u dj
mls NksM+ fn;kA lkèkkj.k :ils ns[kk tkrk gS fd dalus vPNk
dke fd;kA D;ksafd og ckyddh gR;kd ikils NwV x;k ,oa
olqnso&nsodhdks iq='kksdls cpkdj mUgsa mld ikyud fy,
vfèkdkjh cuk;kA
ijUrq] daldk ;g lRdeZ nsorkvksadks vPNk ugha yxkA os
lHkh O;kdy gks mBs ,oa dal olqnsols ml iq=dks ysdj oèk djs]
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ugha FkhA os txr~dk dY;k.k djusd fy, gh bl dk;Zd fy,
iz;kl djus yxsA
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lkFk ln~&O;ogkj djrk gS] rks JhHkxoku~d Hkwryij vorh.kZ
gksusesa foyEc gksxkA D;ksafd vius Hkäksaij vR;kpkj u gksusij os
dHkh Hkh i`Fohesa vorh.kZ ugha gksaxsA
nwljk dkj.k ;g Hkh gS fd nsodhd xHkZls mRiék izFke Ng
iq= igys ejhfp ½f"kd iq= FksA czãkd 'kkils os i`Fohesa vk;s gq,
FksA dald gkFkls e`R;q u gksusij os 'kkieqä ugha gks ldrs gksA
blfy, dls dald gkFkksals mudh e`R;q gks] bl fo"k;eü nsork yksx
fo'ks"k :ils ps"Vk djus yxsA
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mifLFkr gq,A nsorkvksaus muls viuh fpUrkdh ckr cryk;hA
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vorh.kZ djkdj i`Fohdk Hkkj mrkjusd fy, os LoxZls i`Fohesa
vk;sA ;gk¡ vkdj mUgküus dalls HküVdh rFkk ftlls og nsodhd
xHkZls mRiék iq=ksadk oèk dj ld ,oa olqnso&nsodh vkSj ;knoksaij
fo'ks"k :ils vR;kpkj djs] bldh Hkh O;oLFkk dj x;sA
ƒŒ@ƒ@ˆ„&ˆ† þ izFkeks·/;k;% 137
rqe egkijkØeh gks] os vdys rqEgkjs lkFk yM+ ugha ldüxs] blfy,
mUgküus vius ik"kZnksadks igys Hkst fn;k gSA mld i'pkr~ os Lo;a
nsodhd xHkZls tUe xzg.k djsaxsA rqeus tks nsodhd igys iq=dk
oèk ugha fd;k] ;g dk;Z Hkh vPNk ugha gqvk] D;ksafd rqEgsa
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;g lqudj rqe fuf'pUr gks] ijUrq dkSu&lk vkBok¡ gksxk\ ;g
dkSu tkurk gS\ lcdks ?kqek fQjkdj ns[kusls lHkh v"Ve gksrs
gSaA vc eSaus rqels lkjh xqIr ckrü dg nh g®] rqe cqf¼eku gks]
fopkj&foospuk djd tSlk vPNk gks] oSls djksûˆ„&ˆ†û
Jh'kqd mokpμ
çyEccdpk.kwjr`.kkorZegk'kuS% A
eq f "Vdkfj"Vf}fon&iw r ukd f 'kèks u q d % ûƒû
vU;S'pklqjHkwikySckZ.kHkkSekfnfHk;qZr% A
;nwuka dnua pØ cyh ekxèklaJ;%û„û
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eqf"Vdkfj"V&f}fon&iwruk&dfÓk&èksuqd% (bu&bu ukeküd egk&vlqj)
vU;S'p (vkSj Hkh nwljs&nwljs) ck.k&HkkSekfnfHk% (cfyiq= ck.kklqj
vkSj HkkSe vFkkZr~ ujdklqj vkfn) vlqjHkwikyS% (vlqj jktkvküls)
;qr% (;qä) cyh (bu lcdh lgk;rkls egkcyoku dal)
ekxèklaJ;% (tjklUèkdh lgk;rkls) ;nwuka (;knoküdk) dnua
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feydj ;knoksadk mRihfM+r djuk vkjEHk dj fn;kûƒ&„û
148 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@„@ƒ&‡
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egk'kuks·?kklqj%ûƒ&„û
Hkkokuqoknμbl f}rh; vè;k;esa ;ksxek;kd }kjk nsodhd
xHkZdks vkd£"kr djd jksfg.khd xHkZesa LFkkiu djuk ,oa nsodhd
xHkZesa çfo"V JhÏ".kd mís';ls nsorkvksad }kjk dh x;h Lrqfrdk
o.kZu gqvk gSA
fiNys vè;k;d vM+lBoü Óyksdeü dgk x;k gS fd ^dal
;knoksad lkFk fojksèkkpj.k djus yxkA* ml fojksèkkpj.kdk gh
^izyEc* vkfn lk<+s rhu 'yksdksaesa foLrkjiwoZd o.kZu dj jgs gSaA
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:i vius va'k 'ks"kdks ml nsodhd xHkZesa LFkkfirdj os viuh
ekrk jksfg.khd xHkZesa çfo"V gksusdh bPNk dj jgs g®μ;g vFkZ gSA
;fn dgks fd Ókq¼lÙo&Lo:ik] Hkxor~&çdkfÓkdk] egkÓkfä
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mÙkjeü dgrs g® fd ;g lR; gSA tSls Ókq¼lÙo&Lo:i JhHkxoku~eü
lef"V vkSj O;f"V txr~d çfo"V gksusij Hkh JhHkxoku~ mlls R
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ug° Hkh gSaAÞ
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tc Hkäeü ßgk;! bu leLr fo"k;küdk Hkksx djusd dkj.k gh e®
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gksrk gS] rc blh Hk;d QyLo:i dkyØels mldh Hkksxokluk
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fo"k;küd vorkj g®A nsodhls Hkxoku~dk vkfoHkkZo gksusd dkj.k
nsodh HkfäLo:fi.kh g®A ^Hk;kr~ dal%* vFkkZr~ ^Hk;ls dal*
160 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@„@Š&‹
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ijUrq tks Ï".kdh Nk;k'kfä gSμtks tM+&txr~d yksxkasdh
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fot;k] deqnk vkfn uke Hkh mud mikldksad i`Fkd~&i`Fkd~ Hkkod
vuqlkj dfYir gq, gSa ;k fHkék&fHkék LFkkuküesa ek;knsoh fofHkék
ukeksals izfl¼ gqbZ gSA og fdu&fdu LFkkuküesa fdu&fdu ukeksals
izfl¼ gqbZ gS] bls JhoYyHkkpk;Zthus viuh lqcksfèkuh Vhdkesa bl
çdkj fyfic¼ fd;k gSμ
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oS".koh vFkkZr~ egky{eh] dke:i ns'kesa pf.Mdk] mÙkjizns'kesa ek;k
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gSaAÞ
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L
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(lqÓkksfHkr ug° gks ldh)ûƒ‹û
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:ieü 'kksHkk çkIr ugha dhûƒ‹û
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Lokijkèksu dalefi nsodh uk'kf;";rhR;FkZ%ûƒ‹û
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,slh voLFkkeü jg jgh Fkh] tSls vfXudh f'k[kk ?kjesa vo#¼
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176 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@„@ƒ‹&„Œ
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tk;saxs rFkk vius pj.kdey:ih dYio`{kdk vkJ; iznku djsaxsμ
mlhd fy, iz;kl djrs gaSû„‰û
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ývfirq] rqEgkjh vfpUR;Ókfäd }kjk ,d gh Lo:i fofHkék ew£Ùk;küeü
çdkfÓkr gqvk gSμ,slk tkurs g®þû„Šû
vuqoknμ(gs Hkxou~!) bl lalkj:i vkfno`{kd vki gh
,dek= miknku dkj.k gSa] vki gh bld ,dek= y;LFkku gSa rFkk
vki gh bld ,dek= ikyd gSa_ fdUrq] vkidh ek;kd }kjk
vko`r fpÙkokys vK O;fä vkidks cgqr :iksaesa ns[krs gSa] if.Mr
O;fä ,slk ugha ns[krsA (rkRi;Z ;g gS fd l`f"V vkfn dk;ks±eü
ewyr% fo".kq gh ,dek= LorU= dÙkkZ g®A czãk rFkk #ækfndk
LorU= dÙkZ`Ro ug° gksusd dkj.k mUgü l`f"V vkfndk dÙkkZ ug°
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Ro¸;Ecqtk{kkf[kylÙoèkkfEu]
lekfèkukosf'krpsrlSd A
RoRikniksrsu egRÏrsu]
d o Z f Ur xks o Rlina HkokfCèke~ û …Œû
vUo;%μvEcqtk{k (gs deyu;u!) ,d (eq[;r% foosdh
O;fäx.k) vf[kylÙoèkkfEu (Ókq¼lÙo&foxzg) Rof; (vkieü) lekfèkuk
(,dkxzrkls) vkosfÓkrpsrlk (le£ir&fpÙk gksdj) egRÏrsu
(xq#ÏikyCèk) RoRikniksrsu (rqEgkjs pj.kdeyküdh lsok:ih ukod
}kjk) Hkok¥Cèk (lalkj&leqædks) xksoRlina doZfUr (cNM+sd [kqj
tSlk rqPN ekudj ikj gks tkrs g®)û…Œû
vuqoknμgs deyu;u! dN fojys cqf¼eku yksx gh
fo'kq¼lÙoxq.kd vkJ; vkiesa lekfèkd }kjk viuk fpÙk fufo"V
fd;k djrs gSaA mld }kjk os egr~ O;fä;ksad vknj.kh; vkid
pj.kdey:ih ukSdkdk voyEcudj Hko&lkxjdks cNM+sd [kqjls
cus xïsd leku ekurs gSa vFkkZr~ mls vuk;kl gh ikj dj tkrs
gSaû…Œû
lkjkFkZn£'kuhμ{ksek;sR;qäe~] rnso {ksea okLroefHkO;´t;fUrμRo;hfrA
f[kya fuÏ"Va] lÙoa xq.kkRede~] vf[kylÙoa fo'kq¼lÙoa fuxqZ.ka èkke Lo:ia
;L; rfLeu~A veylÙosfr p ikB%A lekfèkuk i`fFkO;keorh.kZL; ro
206 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@„@…Œ
HkfäÓkwU; Kkudh çkfIrd fy, d"V Lohdkj djrs g®] mUgü FkksFkh
Hkwlh dVusokys O;fädh Hkk¡fr doy d"Vdh gh çkfIr gksrh gS]
mld vfrfjä vkSj dN Hkh çkIr ug° gksrkAÞ bR;kfn çek.kküd
vuqlkj Hkfädh lgk;rkd fcuk Kku ykHkdk iz;kl Hkh e`x&
ejhfpdkdh Hkk¡fr O;FkZ gSA blfy, ml thoUeqä voLFkkls Hkh
mldk vèk%iru gks tkrk gSA
;fn çÓu gks fd xq.hHkwrk&Hkfäd jgusij Hkh mudk fdl
izdkj vèk%iru gks tkrk gS\ mÙkjesa dgrs g® fd tks O;fä ekf;d
cqf¼ls vkid Jhpj.kdeyküd izfr vuknjdh Hkkouk j[krs g®] ,sls
O;fä gh vèk%ifrr gks tkrs g®A bldk ;g vFkZ gSμKkfu;ksadh
KkukÂHkwrk&Hkfä nks izdkjdh gksrh gSμHkfäd fcuk Kku fl¼
ugha gksrk gSμbl 'kkL=&vkKkd dkj.k gh fdf´prek= Hktuh;
Hkxoku~d izfr ;k mud Jhfoxzg vkfneü ekf;d cqf¼ls vFkok
ek;kcqf¼ls (ƒ) vuknj;qä vkSj („) vuknj jfgrA
muesa igys vFkkZr~ tks ekf;d cqf¼ls vuknj;qä cqf¼okys
g®] mu ri] 'ke] ne vkfneü fu"BklEiék Kkfu;ksadks cgqr dkyd
ckn vfo|kdks nwj djusokyh fo|k vkSj czãHkwr n'kkdks mRiék
djkdj Hkfänsoh lglk vUr£gr gks tkrh gSA os gh viusdks
^foeqäekfuu%* vFkkZr~ e® thoUeqä gks x;kμ,slk dgrs gq,
vfHkeku djrs g®] ijUrq okLroeü os thoUeqä ug° g®A D;küfdμ(ƒ)
Hkxoku~us (JheÚkñ ƒƒ@ƒ†@„ƒ) eü dgk gSμß,dek= J¼k;qä
Hkfäd }kjk gh eq>s izkIr fd;k tkrk gSAÞ] („) Hkfäd fcuk rr~
inkFkZdh vijks{k vuqHkwfr ug° gksrh gS vkSj (…) Hkxoku~d izfr
vijkèk gksusls deZlewg nXèk gksusij Hkh iqu% mRiék gksusd dkj.k
os vèk%ifrr gks tkrs gSAa tSl]s jFk;k=kd izlÂesa fo".kqHkfä&pUæksn;eü
m¼`r iqjk.k&opuesa dgk x;k gSμßtks O;fä eksgoÓkr% jFkk:<+
JhHkxoku~d ihNs&ihNs ugha pyrs] Kku:ih vfXud }kjk mud
deZ nXèk gks tkusij Hkh ,sls O;fä czã jk{kl curs gaSAÞ rFkk
okluk&Hkk";eü mRFkkfir ifjf'k"V opuesa dgk gSμß;fn dksbZ
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le>rk gS fd ^e® eqä gks x;k gw¡] eq>s dksbZ vkSj lkèku ugha djuk
gSA e® vkSj Hkxoku~ ,d gh oLrq g®] vr,o mud pj.kdeyküdh
vkjkèkukdh dksbZ vko';drk ugha gSA* tc ,sls Hkfäghu Hkkodk
mn; gksrk gS] rc le>uk pkfg;s fd ,sls Hkfäghu&Hkko;qä
foeqäekuhdk fpÙk vHkh rd 'kq¼ ugha gqvk gSA
Kkuh thoUeqä n'kk ikbuq dfj ekusA
oLrqr% cqf¼ 'kq¼ ugs Ï".k Hkfä fcusû
(JhpSñ pñ eè;ñ „„@„‹)
vFkkZr~ Kkuh eku ysrs g® fd e®us thoUeqä nÓkkdks ik fy;k
gSA ijUrq] oLrqr% JhÏ".kHkfäd fcuk cqf¼ Ókq¼ ug° gksrh gSA tks
viusdks eqä le>usdk vfHkekudj czã&Hkkoesa Mwcs jgrs g®] os
loZs'oj Hkxoku~dks le> ugha ikrs g®A ^vfo'kq¼cq¼;%* vFkkZr~ ^vga
czãkfLe vFkkZr~ e® czã gw¡*] ^thoks czãSo ukij% vFkkZr~ tho czã
gh gS] mld vfrfjä vkSj dN ug° gS* vkfn Jqfr] iqjk.k vkfnd
opuksadk voyEcudj os fookn djusesa gh prqj gksrs gSa] ijUrq
mUgü 'kkL=küd izfrik| rÙodk vuqHko ugha gksrk gSA JhJhèkjLokfeiknus
dgk gSμ^ÏPNsª.k cgq tUerilk] ija ina eks{klfékfgra lRdy&ri%&
Jqrkfn] irfUr fo?uSjfHkHkw;Urs* vFkkZr~ ^ÏPNªs.k* vFkkZr~ cgqr
tUeküdh riL;kd ckn] ^ija ine~* vFkkZr~ eks{kd fudVLFk lRdy]
ri] fo|k vkfn ikdj Hkh ^irfUr* vFkkZr~ fo?uküls vfHkHkwr gks
tkrs g®A
nwljh vksj Hkxoku~us dgk gSμßgs vtZqu! esjk pj.kkJ;dj
L=h] 'kwæ] oS';] vUR;t vkfn lHkh ije xfrdks izkIr djrs g®A
rks fQj czkã.k] Hkä ,oa jkt£"kx.k esjs pj.kksaesa vkJ; ysusij
ÏrkFkZ gksaxsμblesa dguk gh D;k gS\ vr,o gs vtZqu! bl
vfuR; ,oa Hk;kog nq%[kküls Hkjs gq, eR;Z&txr~esa tUe ysdj esjk
Hktu djuk gh thodk ,dek= dÙkZO; gSAÞ
blfy, xksfoUnd pj.kksaesa 'kj.kkxfr&foghu O;fäd fo|k]
dy vkfn lc&d&lc fujFkZd gSaA mudk lRdyesa tUe]
'kkL=Kku] ti] riL;k vkfn O;FkZ gS] D;ksafd muls Hkfäghu
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gksusdh rks ckr gh D;k\ vFkkZr~ vUos"k.kh; vkidks dHkh [kks ug°
cSBrs g®μbl fo"k;esa vkSj vfèkd D;k dguk gS\μ;g vFkZ gSA
dnkfpr~ ;fn dksbZ Hkä Hkz"V gks Hkh tkrk gS] rc Hkh
vkid çfr mldh ^c¼lkSânk%* vFkkZr~ fuÓpy çse jgrk gSA
D;küfd] fp=drq] Hkjr rFkk bUæ|qEu vkfnd Hkz"V gksdj o`=klqj]
fgj.k vkSj gkFkh vkfn :iksadks çkIr djusij Hkh Hkxoku~d izfr
mud iszedh lkSxq.kk o`f¼ gh ns[kh tkrh gSA blfy, Hkäksadk Hkz"V R
gksuk Hkh mud izsedks c<+kusdk dkj.k&Lo:i gS] ,slk ns[kk tkrk
gSA
vFkok] os ,sls Hkz"V ugha gksrs gSa] D;ksafd Hkz"V gksusij Hkh
vkid izfr ^c¼lkSânk%* vFkkZr~ ßesjk Hkä dHkh Hkh fou"V ugha
gksrk gSÞμ(Jhxhñ ‹@…ƒ) eü ,sls çfrKkc¼ esjs izHkqus esjk midkj
djusd fy, gh eq>s bl çdkj Hkz"V djk;k gSμbl izdkj os
vkid izfr n`<+ fo'okl;qä efrokys gksrs g®A
os vkid }kjk lc çdkjls lqjf{kr gksdj fo?udkfj;ksad
lsukuk;dd vFkok xq#rj fo?uküd eLrdij pj.k j[kdj fcuk
fdlh Hk;d fopj.k fd;k djrs g® vFkZkr~ lHkh foifÙk;ksadks
ijkHkwr dj nsrs g®A vFkok] fo?u mRiék djusokys Hkh mud
pj.kksadh oUnuk djrs gq, HkfäiwoZd mUgü vius eLrdij èkkj.k
djrs g®] ;gh vFkZ gSû……û
Hkkoizdkf'kdk o`fÙkμJhxksfoUnd pj.kkfJr tho vfr lgt
gh lalkjls eqä gks tkrs gSaA fdUrq mud izfr vuknj djusls Kku]
;ksx vkfn rhoz lkèkukdh flf¼ls thoUeqä in ikdj Hkh Kkuh
vkSj ;ksxh mlls Hkz"V gks tkrs gaSA ;g rÙo czãkfn nsorkvksaus
izdk'k fd;k gSA
onfUr rÙkÙofonLrÙoa ;TKkue};aA
czãsfr ijekResfr Hkxokuhfr 'kC|rsû
(JheÚkñ ƒ@„@ƒƒ)
220 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@„@……
vkRekesa dksbZ Hksn ugha gS] D;ksafd nksuksa gh lfPpnkuUn foxzg gSaA
blfy, nsorkvksad dFkuesa Hkxoku~dk Jhfoxzg fo'kq¼lÙokRed
lfPpnkuUne; gSA
nsorkvksaus dgk fd Hkxoku~dk Jhfoxzgμ^'kjhfj.kka Js;
mik;ue~* vFkZkr~ thoksad loZfoèk dY;k.kd fy, migkj&Lo:i
viuh Jhew£Ùkdks txr~esa izdk'k djrs gSaA ^Js; mik;ue~* dk vFkZ
JhèkjLokfeiknus dgk gSμ^deZQy nkr`* vFkkZr~ Hkxoku~ Jhfoxzg:iesa
thoksad deZ Qynkrk gSaA
oS".ko&rks"k.khdkjus dgk gSμ^'kjhfj.kke~ v'ks"kthokuka Js;l%
lRdeZQyL; rr~ izsekUr iq#"kkFkZ oxZL; mik;ue~ mi<kSdufeo
d#.k;k lknjnkua ;su* vFkZkr~ Jhew£Ùkdh miklukls tho leLr
izdkjd lRdeZQydks izkIr gksrk gS ,oa Hko&cUèkuls eqä gksdj
mud pj.kksaesa izse izkIrdj ÏrkFkZ gks tkrk gSA Hkxoku~ tc txr~esa
viusdks izdV djrs gSa] rc os txr~&thoksad izfr d#.kkiwoZd ;g
migkj iznku djrs gSaA
oS".ko&rks"k.khdkjus ,d nwljk vFkZ Hkh fd;k gSμ^Js;lka
loZfoèk eÂyL; mi vkfèkD;su v;ue~ vkJ;:ia ijekuUn
Lo:ifeR;FkZ%* vFkZkr~ Hkxoku~dh Jhew£Ùk leLr çdkjd eÂydk
Js"B vkJ;&Lo:i gSA blls le>k tkrk gS fd leLr izdkjd
nq%[kksadk vUr gksusij ijekuUn&Lo:i JhxksfoUnd pj.kdeyksadh
izkfIrμ;gh loZJs"B eÂy gSû…†û
u uke:is xq.ktUedeZfHk&
£u:firO;s ro rL; lkf{k.k%A
euksopksH;keuqes;oReZuks
ns o fØ;k;ka çfr;UR;Fkkfi fgû…ˆû
vUo;%μrL; (cqf¼ vkfnd) lkf{k.k% (lk{kkr~ æ"Vk vFkok
fu;Urk) euksopksH;ka (rdls vkSj vkIr okD; }kjk) vuqes;oReZu%
(;g gSμ,slk fuf'pr gksrk gS] fdUrq vuqHko xkspj ug° gksrk gS)
ro (vki) xq.k&deZ&tUefHk% (HkäokRlY;kfn xq.kküd }kjk] Hkw&Hkkj
gj.k vkfn deZd }kjk] olqnso vkfnd iq= gksdj vorfjr gksusij
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uke vkSj :iküdk Hkfäd }kjk gh vuqHko gksrk gS] nwljs fdlh
mik;ls ughaA blhdks ;gk¡ ^u* vkfn Óyksdd }kjk cryk jgs gSaA
^xq.kS%* vFkkZr~ ';kelqUnj] ÏikæZ ykspu vkfn] ^deZfHk%*
vFkkZr~ xksoèkZu èkkj.k] f=HkÂ&yfyr vkfn] ^tUefHk%* vFkkZr~
uUnuUnu] olqnsouUnu vkfn tks vkid uke vkSj :i gaS] os ;|fi
fdlh izdkjls okP; vkSj è;s;dk fo"k; gksrs gSa] rFkkfi ^lkf{k.k%*
vFkkZr~ fo"k;küdks ns[kusokys thoküdks lk{kkr~ mud ekèkq;Zdk vuqHko
ugha gksrk gSA mu uke&:i vkfnd ekèkq;Zdk vuuqHko gh mudk
vuqHko gS vFkkZr~ tSls feJhd [k.Mdks pwlusij Hkh fiÙkls nwf"kr
ftàkokys vFkkZr~ ihfy;k jksxhdks mld Lokndk vuqHko ugha gksrk]
oSls gh Hkfäjfgr thoküd }kjk ekèkq;Zd vuqHko dh vleFkZrkd
dkj.k gh Hkxoku~d uke vkSj :i foÓkq¼lÙokRed gS] ;g le>k
tkrk gS] ;g HkkokFkZ gSA
vFkok] ^lkf{k.k%*μ;g ^ro* indk foÓks"k.k gSA uke vkSj
:i vkid Lo:iHkwr gksusd dkj.k lk{khd Lo:idks lk{kkr~ :ils
tkuuseü leFkZ ug° g®] ;g Hkko gSA vFkkZr~ lk{kh Lo:i vki eu
vkSj ok.khd vxkspj rÙo gSaA gs nso! fQj Hkh ^fØ;k;ka* vFkkZr~
vkid Jo.k&dhÙkZukfn Hkfä;ksxls Hkäx.k vkid uke vkSj :idk
lk{kkr~ vuqHko fd;k djrs gSaA mudk vuqHko nwljksad fy,
vuqekud }kjk tkuuk lEHko gksrk gSA blhdks dg jgs gSμ a ^euksopksH;ke~
vuqes;oReZu%*μeu vFkkZr~ {kkfUr] eku 'kwU;rk vkfn :i y{k.kküls]
ok.kh vFkkZr~ (JheÚkñ ˆ@ƒƒ@„ˆ) ßgs deyu;u! esjk eu vkidks
ns[kusdh bPNk dj jgk gSAÞ vkfn o`=klqjdh Hkk¡fr vuqjkx
izdk'kd opuksad }kjk ^vuqes;oReZ* vFkZkr~ tks izseHkfä;ksx djrs
g®] oSls Hkäx.k vkidks lk{kkr~ vuqHko fd;k djrs gaSû…ˆû
Hkkoizdkf'kdk o`fÙkμHkxoku~d vius fuR;fl¼ Jhew£Ùkdks
izdk'k djusij mudk uke ,oa :i Hkh txr~esa izdkf'kr gksrk gSA
ijUrq mudk uke vkSj :i dksbZ izkÏr ;k ?kV&iV vkfndh Hkk¡fr
dfYir ugha gSA bl rÙodks dgusd fy, nsorkvksaus ^u uke :is*
vkfn 'yksddh vorkj.kk dh gSA
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èot] otz vkSj vÁ¨'k vkfn eÂye; fpÊksad }kjk vyaÏr ^xke~*
vFkkZr~ bl Hkwyksddk rFkk ^|ke~* vFkkZr~ nsoyksddk n'kZu ykHk
djsaxsû…Šû
Hkkoizdkf'kdk o`fÙkμczãkfn nsorkvksaus dgkμgs loZ nq%[kgj!
vki losZ'oj gksdj Hkh nsodhd xHkZesa tUe xzg.k dj jgs gSaA
blhls vkid Jhpj.kdeyküls mRiék i`fFkohdk Hkkj mrj x;k gSA
nsorkvksaus Hkxoku~dks ^gfj%* dgdj lEcksèku fd;k gSA
Hkxoku~ LoHkkor% gh ^gfj* vFkkZr~ 'kj.kkxr O;fäd lc nq%[kksadks
gj.k djusokys gSaA Hkxoku~ czãk.Mesa vk;sa] pkgs u vk;sa] czãk.Md
tho mud Jhpj.kküdk n'kZu djsa] pkgs u djsaμmud pj.kksaesa
'kj.kkxr gksusls gh leLr nq%[k nwj gks tkrs gSaA vkSj tks mud
ÏikHkktu gksrs gSa] os rks ÏrkFkZ gksrs gh gSa] mUgü tks dksbZ n'kZu
djrs gSa] os Hkh ÏrkFkZ gks tkrs gSaA blfy, czãkfn nsorkvksaus
dgkμi`Foh vkSj LoxZμnksuksa gh Hkxoku~dh Ïik izkIr djüxs_ D;ksafd
Hkxoku~ blckj i`Foh vkSj LoxZesa yhyk djsaxsA gekjk mud lk{kkr~
pj.kLi'kZ djusdk lkSHkkX; u gksusij Hkh JhHkxoku~d pj.kLiÓkZls
ije vuqx`ghr i`Foh ,oa LoxZdk n'kZudj ge ÏrkFkZ gksaxsû…Šû
muls mUgü dksbZ Hk; Hkh ugha gSA blfy, o`Unkouyhykesa mUgksaus
[ksy&dn] xkspkj.k] oa'khoknu vkfn djrs gq, vius Lo:ikuUndk
vkLoknu fd;k gSû…‹û
eRL;k'odPNiu`¥lgojkggal&
jktU;foçfocq è ks " kq Ïrkorkj%A
Roa ikfl ufL=Hkqou´p ;Fkkèkqus'k]
Hkkja Hkqoks gj ;nwÙke oUnua rsû†Œû
vUo;%μeRL;&v'o&dPNi&u`¥lg&ojkg&gal&jktU;&foç&
focqèks"kq (eRL;] g;xzho] dPNi] u`¥lg] ojkg] gal] {kf=;μJhjkepUæ]
czkã.kμijÓkqjke] nsorkμmisUæ vkfn :iküeü) Ïrkorkj% (vorh.kZ
gksdj) Roa ;Fkk u% (vki tSls geyksxküdks) f=Hkqou´p (vkSj
LoxZ&eR;Z&jlkrydh) ikfl (HkwHkkj gj.k vkfnd }kjk j{kk djrs
g®) bZ'k (gs losZ'oj!) ýmlh çdkjþ v/kquk (bl vorkjeü Hkh)
Hkqo% (i`Fohdk) Hkkja (nSR;Ïr ijkHko:ih Hkkjdks) gj (nwj djü)
;nwÙke (gs ;nqirs!) rs (rqEgkjh) oUnua (ge oUnuk djrs
g®)û†Œû
vuqoknμgs bZ'k! vkius igys eRL;] g;xzho] deZ] u`¥lg]
ojkg] gal] jkepUæ] ij'kqjke] okeu vkfnd :ieü vorkj
èkkj.kdj geyksxksadk vkSj f=Hkqoudk ftl izdkj ikyu fd;k gS]
bl le; mlh izdkj i`Fohdk Hkkj gj.k dhft;s vFkkZr~ i`Fohdk
Hkkj gj.k djd gekjk ikyu dhft;sA gs ;nwÙke! ge vkidh
oUnuk dj jgs gSaû†Œû
lkjkFkZn£'kuhμrnI;Lekdeèkhjk.kka cgqèkSokoxrpja oSdY;eoxE;rka
psR;kgq%μeRL;kÓosfrA rFkSo Hkqoks Hkkja gjsfr] HkwHkkjgj.keso lEizR;Lekda
ikyufefr Hkko%A oUnua rs bfr] onUr% losZ f'kjksfHk% iz.kefUrû†Œû
HkkokuqoknμrFkkfi vèkhj ge yksxküd fofoèk çdkjls foKkfir
oSdY; (foàyrk) dks vki tkurs gh g®] blhdks gh ^eRL;kÓo*
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vkfn Óyksdd }kjk dg jgs g®A igys vkius eRL; vkfn :iksaesa
vorfjr gksdj ge lcdh rFkk f=Hkqoudh j{kk dh gS] oSls gh
bl le; Hkh i`Fohdk Hkkj gj.k djüA HkwHkkj gj.k gh bl le;
gekjk ikyu gS] ;g Hkko gSA blfy, gs Hkxou~! ge vkidh
oUnuk djrs gSaA ,slk dgdj lHkh nsorkvksaus flj >qdkdj
Hkxoku~dks iz.kke fd;kû†Œû
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Hkkoizdkf'kdk o`fÙkμczãkfn nsorkvksaus JhHkxoku~ ,oa mud
pj.kkJ; djusdk ekgkRE; o.kZudj vUresa dgkμgs Hkxou~! ge
vfèkd D;k dgsa] vki vUr;kZeh:iesa gekjs ân;esa vfèkf"Br gksusds
dkj.k leLr Hkkoksadks tkurs gSaA vki lHkh thoksad fgrdkjh gSaA
tho viuh nq%[kdh dgkuh cryk;s] pkgs u cryk;s] mud
dY;k.kd fy, ftl le; tks dN vko';d gksrk gS] ogh vki
djrs gSaA fQj Hkh viuh p´pyrkd dkj.k ge vkils fuosnu
djrs gSa fd vki eRL;] g;xzho] dEeZ] u`¥lg vkfn vusdksa :iksaesa
vorh.kZ gksdj f=txr~dk ikyu djrs gSaA mlls gekjh Hkh j{kk
gksrh gSA
JhoS".ko&rks"k.khdkjus bl 'yksddh O;k[;kesa dgk gSμczãkfn
nsorkvksaus dgkμ^gs bZ'k! Hkoku~ eRL;knîkorkjs"kq ;Fkk f=Hkqoua
ikfl] vèkqukfi ¥d rFkSo ikL;fl\ gs ;nwÙke! Hkqoks Hkkja gjA*
vFkkZr~ gs bZ'k! vki bPNk djusls lcdN dj ldrs gSaA vkius
eRL;] deZ vkfn va'k vorkjksaesa ftl izdkj txr~dk ikyu fd;k]
blckj Lo;a :iesa D;k oSls gh ikyu djsaxs\ gs ;nqoa'k f'kjkse.ks!
blckj vki i`fFkohdk Hkkj gj.k djsaA
czãkfn nsorkvksadh izkFkZukdk ;g oäO; gS fdμHkxoku~us
ojkg :iesa fgj.;k{k ,oa u`¥lg :iesa fgj.;df'kiqdk oèk fd;k
FkkA ijUrq mUgksaus fQjls jko.k vkSj dEHkd.kZd :iesa tUe xzg.k
fd;kA Hkxoku~ Jhjkeus mudk oèk fd;kA vc mu nksuküus
f'k'kqiky vkSj nUroØd :iesa tUe xzg.k fd;kA vr,o Hkxoku~us
ojkg vkfn :iesa vorh.kZ gksdj fgj.;k{k vkfn vlqjksadk
244 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@„@†Œ&†ƒ
fouk'kdj i`Fohdk Hkkj gj.k fd;kA ijUrq mlls dN fnuksad fy,
gh i`Fohdk Hkkj nwj gqvk Fkk] fdUrq blckj vki Lo;a:iesa
fpjdkyd fy, i`Fohdk Hkkj gj.k dj nsaA vFkkZr~ ftlls lc
vlqj i`Fohij fQj ykSVdj ugha vk;sa] mUgü fpjdkyd fy, eqfä
nku nhft;sA ;fn Hkxoku~ ,slk dgsa fd lSdM+ksa O;fä ;ksx&è;ku
djd Hkh ftl eqfädks izkIr ugha dj ikrs] og eqfä eSa vlqjksadks
D;kü çnku d:¡\ bld fy, gh nsorkvksaus dgkμ^oUnua rs* vFkkZr~
blesa gekjk dN Hkh dguk ugha gSA ge vkid pj.kksaesa djksM+ksa
iz.kke fuosnu djrs gSa fd vki gekjs izfr Ïik djd vlqjksadks
eqfä nku djsaA D;küfd ckjEckj vlqjksadk vR;kpkj lgu ugha
gksrk gSû†Œû
fn"VîkEc rs df{kxr% ij% iqek&
ua'ksu lk{kkÚxoku~ Hkok; u%A
ekHkwÚ;a HkkstirseZqew"kksZ&
xksZIrk ;nwuka Hkfork rokRet%û†ƒû
vUo;%μvEc (gs ekr%!) ýtksþ Hkxoku~ (losZ'oj) u%
(gekjs) Hkok; (ikyu vkSj le`f¼d fy,) vaÓksu (eRL; vkfn
vkafÓkd :ils) ývorfjr gksrs g®] osþ ij% iqeku~ (iq#"kksÙke
JhÏ".k) fn"Vîk (lkSHkkX;ls) lk{kkr~ (Lo;a gh çdV gq, g®] u fd
vaÓk vkfnd }kjk) rs df{kxr% (okRlY; jl vkLoknud fy,
rqEgkjs xHkZeü çfo"V gq, g®) (blfy,) eqew"kksZ% (vkléke`R;qxzLr)
Hkkstirs% (Hkkstifr dalls) Hk;a ek vHkwr~ (Hk; er djü) ro
vkRet% (rqEgkjs xHkZeü fLFkr ;g ckyd) ;nwuka (;nqoaÓktkr
lHkhdk) xksIrk (ikyu djusokyk) Hkfork (gksxk)û†ƒû
vuqoknμ(Hkxoku~dh Lrqfr djusd mijkUr nsorkx.k nsodhls
dgus yxsμ)gs ekr% nsofd! lkSHkkX;ls gekjs eÂyd fy, lk{kkr~
ijeiq#"k Hkxoku~ cynsod lkFk vkid xHkZesa vk;s gSaA vr%
ejusdh bPNk j[kusokys dalls vkidks dksbZ Hk; ugha gSA vkidk
iq= JhÏ".k ;nqoa'kdk j{kd cusxkû†ƒû
L
Jh'kqd mokpμ
bR;fHk"Vw; iq#"ka ;æwiefuna ;FkkA
czãs'kkukS iqjksèkk; nsok% çfr;;q£noe~û†„û
bfr JheÚkxors egkiqjk.ks czãlw=Hkk";s ikjegaL;ka lafgrk;ka
oS;kflD;ka n'keLdUèks xHkZxrfo".kksczZãkfnÏrLrqfrukZe
f}rh;ks·è;k;%û„û
vUo;%μ;æwia (ftu Hkxoku~dk :i) vfuna (çi´pkrhr gS)
(mu) iq#"ka (iq#"kksÙke JhxksfoUndks) ;Fkk (viuh cqf¼d vuqlkj)
bfr (iwoksZä çdkjls) vfHk"Vw; (gkFk tksM+dj vkSj ?kqVus Vsddj
Lrqfr djrs gq,) nsok (bUæ vkfn nsorkx.k) czãsÓkkukS (czãk vkSj
#ædks) iqjksèkk; (vkxs djd) fnoa (LoxZdks) çfr;;q% (x;s)û†„û
bfr JheÚkxord nÓke&LdUèkd f}rh; vè;k;dk
vUo;% lekIrA
vuqoknμnsorkx.k izi´pkrhr iq#"kksÙke Jhfo".kqdk bl izdkj
Lro djrs gq, czãk vkSj f'kodks vkxsdj nsoyksddks pys
x;sû†„û
bfr JheÚkxord n'ke&LdUèkd f}rh; vè;k;dk
Óyksdkuqokn lekIrA
lkjkFkZn£'kuhμ;L; :ie~] vfuna çi´pkrhra fpUe;feR;FkZ%A vLeku~
o´pf;Rok ,rkfog fdefi jgL;a vÚqra æ{;r bfr eU;ekuk czãs'kkukS iqjr%
ÏRokû†„û
L
Jh'kqd mokpμ
vFk loZxq.kksisr% dky% ije'kksHku%A
;ásZoktutUe{k± 'kkUr{kZ xzgrkjde~ûƒû
fn'k% çlsnqxZxua fueZyksMqx.kksn;e~A
egh eÂyHkwf;"Biqjxzkeoztkdjkû„û
u|% çléklfyyk Înk ty#gfJ;%A
f}tkfydylékknLrodk oujkt;%û…û
ookS ok;q% lq[kLi'kZ% iq.;xUèkog% 'kqfp%A
vXu;'p f}tkrhuka 'kkUrkLr= lfeUèkrû†û
eukaL;klu~ çlékkfu lkèkwukelqjæqgke~A
tk;ekus·tus rfLeu~ usnqnqZUnqHk;ks lee~(ƒ)û‡û
vUo;%μJhÓkqd mokp (JhÓkqdnso xksLokehus dgk) vFk
(vuUrj vFkkZr~ JhHkxoku~dh txr~eü çdV gksusdh bPNk gksusd
lkFk&lkFk) ;£g ,o (tc) loZx.q kksir s % (loZx.q k&lEiék) ijeÓkksHku%
(lokZÂlqUnj) dky% (oSoLor eUoUrjd vëkbZloü prq;Zxq d }kijd
Óks"k Hkkxeü Hkkæ Ï".kk"Vehd fnu jkf=d eè;Hkkxeü tc JhHkxoku~d
vkfoHkkZodk le; mifLFkr gqvk] rc) ÓkkUr{kZ xzgrkjde~ (mxzn`f"V
vkfnls jfgr vf'ouh vkfn u{k=] lq;Z vkfn xzg ,oa vU;kU;
rkjkx.kls ;qä tUe&lEin vkfn ftleü gS] oSlk) vtutUe{kZe~
(ƒ)
ikBkUrjμ^fnfo*
252 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@…@ƒ&‡
l foLe;ksRQËfoykspuks g¥j]
lqra foyksD;kudnqUnqfHkLrnkA
Ï".kkorkjksRlolEHkzeks·Li`'k&
Ueqnk f}tsH;ks·;qrekIyqrks xoke~ûƒƒû
vUo;%μrnk (JhÏ".k nÓkZud i'pkr mlh le;) l (ije
HkkX;oku) vkudnqUnqfHk% (olqnso) g¥j (dal vkfn lcd Kkudks
gj.k djusokys rFkk vius vkSj nsodhd fy, euksgj Hkxoku~dks)
lqra (iq= :ieü) foyksD; (lk{kkr~ ns[kdj) foLe;ksRQYyfoykspu%
(ije vk'p;Ztfur mRQfYyr fodflr us= gksdj) eqnk (g"kZeü)
vkIyqr% (Mwc x;s) Ï".kkorkjksRlolEHkze% (Ï".k&vorkj mRloeü
ije mYykl;qä gksdj) f}tsH;% (czkã.kküd fy,) v;qra (nl
gtkj) xoka (nwèk nsusokyh cNM+sokyh xk¡;ü) vLi`Ókr~ (eu&gh&eu
nku d°) ýD;küfd dkjkxkjeü vkc¼ gksusls ;FkkFkZ nku vlEHko
gksusd dkj.k euls nku fn;kþûƒƒû
L
vFkSueLrkSnoèkk;Z iq#"ka]
ija urkÂ% Ïrèkh% Ïrk´tfy%A
Lojksfp"kk Hkkjr lwfrdkx`ga]
fojksp;Ura xrHkh% çHkkofor~ûƒ„û
vUo;%μHkkjr (gs HkjroaÓkeü vorh.kZ ijhf{kr~!) vFk
(vuUrj) ,ua (ml ckyddks) ija iq#"ka (ijeiq#"k ukjk;.k gS)
voèkk;Z (,slk fuf'prdj) xrHkh% (fuHkZ; gksdj) çHkkofor~
(Hkxor~ çHkkodks tkuusokys) Ïrèkh% (Ókq¼ cqf¼&ijk;.k os
olqnso) urkÂ% Ïrk´tfy% (lk"Vk ç.kkedj gkFk tksM+rs gq,)
Lojksfp"kk (viuh dkfUr }kjk) lwfrdkx`ga (vUèkdkjiw.kZ dald
dkjkxkjdks) fojksp;Ura (çdkÓkeku djusokys ml ckyd dh)
vLRkkSr~ (Lrqfr djus yxs)ûƒ„û
vuqoknμgs HkjrdyuUnu! rnuUrj ;g ckyd ijeiq#"k
ukjk;.k gSμbl izdkj fu'p; djd Hkxor~&izHkkodks tkuusokys
olqnsoth fcydy fuHkZ; gks x;s ,oa flj >qdkdj gkFk tksM+dj
L
Jholqnso mokpμ
fofnrks·fl Hkoku~ lk{kkr~ iq#"k% çÏrs% ij%A
doykuqHkokuUn&Lo:i% loZcqf¼n`d~ûƒ…û R
vUo;%μçÏrs% (f=xq.kkfRedk ek;kd) ij% (fu;Urk)
doykuqHkokuUn&Lo:i% iq#"k% (foÓkq¼ lfPpnkuUn&Lo:i ijczã)
loZcqf¼n`d~ (lcd vUr;kZeh) Hkoku~ (HkäokRlY; xq.kküd }kjk esjs
iq=:ieü vorh.kZ Lo;a&Hkxoku~ vki) lk{kkr~ (çR;{k :ieü)
fofnrks·fl (esjs }kjk n`f"Vxkspj gks jgs g®)ûƒ…û
vuqoknμJholqnsothus dgkμvki izÏfrls vrhr iq#"k
S lk{kkr~ iq#"kksÙke gSaA vki lokZUr;kZeh] fo'kq¼ KkukuUnLo:i gSa] R
vki lk{kkr~ Hkxoku~ gSμ;g eSaus tku fy;k gSûƒ…û
lkjkFkZn£Ókuhμgs HkxoaLRoa ekesoa fut&Lo:ia ;íÓkZ;fl] rL;k;efHkizk;%μ
^efRirk enFk± dalkf}Hksfr] rUekehÓoja çrhR; fuHkZ;ks Hkorq* bfr] rr~ lR;a
Ro;hÓojRosu ee çfrfrtkZrSo bR;kgμfonsrks·flA dhn`ÓkRosusfr psr~\ vr
vkgμ;% çÏrs% ij% iq#"kLrnh{k.kdÙkkZ l Hkokuso] ;% doykuqHkokuUnLo:i%
ijczãk[; vkRek l Hkoku~] ;% loZcqf¼n`d~ lokZUr;kZeh lks·fi Hkoku~]
lk{kknso Lo;a HkxoRosuSo bfr loZZega tkukE;sosR;FkZ%ûƒ…û
Hkkokuqoknμgs Hkxou~! vkius ftl Lo:idk n'kZu djk;k
gS] bldk vfHkizk; ;g gS fd ^esjs firk esjs fy, dalls Mjs gq,
gSa] vr,o eq>s bZ'oj tkudj fuHkZ; gksa*μ;g lR; gS fd esjh
vkid izfr bZ'ojd :iesa izrhfr gqbZ gSA ;gh dg jgs gSμ
a ^fofnrks·fl*
vkfn Óyksdd }kjkA bld mÙkjesa olqnsothus dgkμtks izÏfrls
vrhr ije ^iq#"k* gSaμtks izÏfrd bZ{k.k&dÙkkZ gSa] ogh vki
xq.kkrhr ijeiq#"k gSaA tks ^doykuqHkokuUnLo:i%* vFkkZr~ tks doy
vkuUn ,oa vuqHko&Lo:i ijczã uked vkRek g®] os vki gh
276 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@…@ƒ…&ƒ†
gSaA tks ^loZcqf¼n`d~* vFkkZr~ lokZUr;kZeh g®] os Hkh vki gaSA vki
lk{kkr~ Lo;a&Hkxoku~d gh gSaA e® bl izdkj vkid rÙodks le>
jgk gw¡] ;g vFkZ gSûƒ…û
Hkkoizdkf'kdk o`fÙkμolqno
s thus ijekuUnesa eXu gksdj iwT;cqf¼ls
dgkμ^Hkoku~ fofnrks·fl*μgs Hkxou~! vki esjs iq=:iesa vorh.kZ
gq, gSa] vkidh vikj d#.kkls eSa vkidks igpku ik;k gw¡A D;ksafd
^u i';fr p{kq"kk :ieL;*μbl Jqfr&okD;ls Hkxoku~dk :i bu
vk¡[kksals ns[kk ugha tk ldrkA tc os vius yhykfoxzgdks izdV
djrs gSa] rc mudh Ïikls gh ml Jhew£Ùkdk n'kZu gksrk gSA
;gk¡ JhxksfoUnd n'kZuesa olqnsothdk dksbZ dÙkZ`Ro vfHkeku
ugha gSμblfy, mUgksaus ßvga Roka i';kfe vFkkZr~ e® vkidks ns[k
jgk gw¡Þ dÙkZ`okP;dk iz;ksx u dj ^Hkoku~ fofnrks·fl* vFkkZr~ gs
Hkxou~! vki ÏikiwoZd eq>s fn[kk;h fn;s g®μdeZokP;dk ç;ksx
fd;k gSA blfy, mud n'kZuesa æ"Vk xkS.k vkSj n`'; Hkxoku~ gh
eq[; gSaμ;gh rÙo izdkfÓkr gqvk gSA
vr% olqnsothus ijekuUnesa foHkksj gksdj dgkμgs Hkxou~!
vkidh vikj d#.kkls gh eSa vkidks igpku ik;k gw¡A vki
izÏfrd fu;Urk] Kkfu;ksad czã] ;ksfx;ksad ijekRek ,oa Hkäksad
Hkxoku~ gSaA vki ÏikiwoZd esjs iq=:iesa vorh.kZ gq, gSaûƒ…û
råq.kkxzg% (mu bfUæ;xzká fo"k;küd }kjk x`ghr ug° gksrs g®) vFkkZr~
vki bfUæ;xzká nsg vkfneü vofLFkr gksdj Hkh bfUæ; Kkuls
vrhr g®) loZL; (lEiw.kZ yksdküd) vkReoLrqu% (vkReLo:iHkwr)
lokZReu% (loZe;) rs (vki) vuko`rRokr~ (loZ= vofLFkr gksusd
dkj.k) u cfg% vUrja (ckgjeü ,oa vUnjeü ug° gSa) ývr,o
loZO;kid gksusd dkj.k vkidk çosÓk lEHko ug° gSþûƒ‰û
vuqoknμ;s lc egÙkÙo vkfn vfoÏr inkFkZ ftl izdkj
R
fofHkék xq.kksals ;qä ,oa i`Fkd~&i`Fkd~ gksdj Hkh pSrU;dh izsj.kk }kjk
foÏr (bfUæ;kfn) lksyg inkFkks±d lkFk fefyr gksdj czãk.Mdh
l`f"V djrs gSa ,oa l`f"Vd i'pkr~ mlesa izfo"Vls tku iM+rs gSa]
ijUrq czãk.M l`f"Vd iwoZ dkj.k:iesa fo|eku jgusd dkj.k
czãk.Mdh l`f"Vd ckn budk izos'k lEHkoij ugha gS] mlh izdkj
vki Hkh :ikfn Kkud }kjk vuqes; bfUæ;xzká xq.kksad lkFk oÙkZeku
jgdj Hkh vki mud lkFk ugha jgrs vFkkZr~ p{kq }kjk ftl izdkj
:i xzg.k fd;k tkrk gS] fdUrq muls jldk vkLoknu ugha fd;k
tk ldrk] mlh izdkj bfUæ;ksad }kjk fo"k; xzg.k fd;k tk ldrk
gS] fdUrq bfUæ;krhr gksusd dkj.k vkidks xzg.k ugha fd;k tk
ldrkA vki lHkh yksxksad vkRe&Lo:i ijekFkZHkwr vkRek gSa
vFkkZr~ O;kid oLrq g®] blfy, vifjfPNék gSa] vr% ckgj&HkhrjÓkwU;
vkidk (xHkkZfnesa) izos'k vlEHko gSûƒ‡&ƒ‰û
lkjkFkZn£Ókuhμv= n`"VkUr%μ;Fkk bes vfoÏrk] Hkkok egnkn;ks]
czãk.Ms izfo"Vk vfi u izfo"Vk%] r= iqutkZror~ izrhrk vfi u tkrk%] rFkSo
RofeR;FkZ%A n`"VkUra foo`.kksfrμrs vfoÏrk%] foÏrS% "kksM'kfodkjS%] lg]
ukukoh;kZ% ijLij&foln`'kLo:ik vfi] i`FkXHkwrk% ijLijefefyrk vfi] lfékiR;
pSrU;izsj.ko'kkr~ fefyrhHkw;] fojkta tu;fUrA rrÓp fojkta leqRik|]
vuqxrk bo r= izfo"Vk bo] n`';Urs] u rq izfo"Vk%A rn~cfgjfi rs"kka
oÙkZekuRokfnR;FkZ%A rFkk r= fojkft leqÚr w k bo n`';Urs] u rq leqÚr w k%] r=
gsrqekgμçkxsosfrA bg fojkft] lEHko mRifÙk%A fd´p] bes rÙkåq.kS£yIrk ,o]
HkokaLrq dkj.kRosu izfo"Vks·I;fyIrk ,osR;kgμ,oa Hkoku~ LoizÏR;k l`"Vs txfr
izfo"Vks·fi] cq¼îk vuqe;s eso y{k.ka ;s"kka rS%] Loizdk'kRok[k.MKkukuUnkfnfHkxzká
Z S%]
282 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@…@ƒ‡&ƒ‰
ugha djrs gSaA D;küfd vki vuko`r gSaA tks O;fä izÏfrd xq.kksad
}kjk vkPNkfnr gksrk gS] ogh O;fä mu xq.kksadks xzg.k djrk gS
vkSj mUg°esa fyIr gksrk gS] tSls thoμ;g Hkko gSA vuko`r gksusd
dkj.k vkid ckgj vkSj Hkhrjeü dksbZ Hksn ugha gS] blfy,
izÏfrd xq.k Hkh vkiesa ugha gSaA tSls thodk ckgjesa 'kCn vkSj
Li'kZ ,oa Hkhrjesa 'kksd vkSj eksg vkfn gksrk gS] ;g Hkko gS] oSlk
Hkxoku~dk ugha gSA R
^lokZReu%*μlokZUr;kZeh:iesa izfo"V gksdj Hkh vki lokZRek]
O;kid vkSj ijekFkZ oLrq gaS] blfy, vkidk dksbZ vkoj.k ugha
gSA doy vkidk gh ugha] cfYd vkid lHkh inkFkZ]
lEiw.kZμyhyk&foykl] èkke vkSj Hkä vkfndk ckgj vkSj Hkhrj
dksbZ Hksn ugha jgusd dkj.k cUèkdkjh izÏfrd xq.k mUgsa fyIr ugha
dj ikrs g®] ;g vFkZ gSûƒ‡&ƒ‰û
Hkkoizdkf'kdk o`fÙkμJhHkxoku~ loZO;kih] loZdkj.kksad dkj.k
gSa] mudk fdlh LFkkuesa izos'k ugha gksrk gSA ijUrq ^rr~ l`"V~ok
rnsokuqizkfo'kr~* vkfn Jqfr&okD;eü ns[kk tkrk gS fd Hkxoku~
fo'odh l`f"Vdj mlesa izos'k djrs gSaA ijUrq ;FkkFkZ :iesa loZO;kih
gksusd dkj.k mudk izos'k ugha gksrk gSA LFkwy&n`f"Vesa ns[kusij
yxrk gS fd mUgksaus izos'k fd;k gSA oSls gh Hkxoku~ nsodhuUnud
:iesa vorh.kZ gq,A ;g ns[kdj ,slk izrhr gksrk gS fd mUgksaus
nsodhd xHkZesa izos'k fd;k gS] ijUrq ;FkkFkZr% mudk izos'k ugha
gqvk gSA D;ksafd os loZO;kih] loZdkj.kksad Hkh dkj.k gSa] fQj Hkh
nsodh xHkZesa izos'k djrs gq, mUgü ns[kk tk jgk gSA bls bu
Óyksdküeü n`"VkUr }kjk lqn`<+ dj jgs g®A
blfy, bu nks 'yksdksadk rkRi;Z ;g gS fd txr~&l`f"Vls
igys Hkxoku~d lÙo] jt] reks xq.ke;h izÏfrd izfr bZ{k.k
djusij izÏfrls egÙkÙo] mlls vgadkjrÙo] mlls i´prUek=k bl
çdkj ØeÓk% l`f"V gqbZ gSA egÙkÙo] vgadkjrÙo] i´prUek=
(i`fFkoh vkfn i´p Hkwrksadk lw{eka'k) ijLij i`Fkd~ 'kfä ,oa i`Fkd~
284 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@…@ƒ‡&ƒ‰
xq.klEiék gSaA bud ijLij feyud fcuk dN Hkh fl¼ ugha gksrk
gSA rSy] cÙkh vkSj vfXuμ;s rhuksa ijLij i`Fkd~ xq.k vkSj 'kfä
lEiék gSa] fQj Hkh bu rhuksad feyuls tSls nhi tyrk gS] oSls
gh egÙkÙo] vgadkjrÙo] i´prUek=k vkfn i`Fkd~&i`Fkd~ xq.k&lEiék
oLrq,¡ Hkh Hkxoku~dh bPNkls ,d= fefyr gksdj gh czãk.M:iesa
ifj.kr gksrh gaSA
egÙkÙo] vgadkjrÙo] i´prUek=k vkfnd ftl çdkj ijLij
fefyr gksdj czãk.M:ieü ifj.kr gksusij Hkh os czãk.Meü çfo"V
ug° g®] D;küfd czãk.Md dkj.k&Lo:i gksusd dkj.k os l`f"Vd
igysls gh g®A mlh çdkj loZdkj.k dkj.k JhHkxoku~ Hkh lcd
igysls gh vofLFkr g®] blfy, Jhnsodhd xHkZeü çfo"Vdh Hkk¡fr
fn[kk;h nsusij Hkh mudk mleü çfo"V gksuk lEHko ug°s gSA
oS".ko&rks"k.khdkj vkfn oS".ko vkpk;ks±d erls JhHkxoku~dk
èkke] ik"kZn] yhyk] Jhfoxzg vkfn lHkh lfPpnkuUne; gSa ,oa
Hkxoku~ viuh vfpUR;'kfäd izHkkols loZO;kih gksdj Hkh nsodhd
xHkZesa izos'k djrs gSa vkSj nsodhd xHkZesa izos'k djusls ;k
eFkqjk&o`Unkou vkfn èkkeksaesa fopj.k djusls mud loZO;kidRodh
gkfu ugha gksrh gSA olqnso&nsodh vkfn ik"kZn ,oa eFkqjk&o`Unkou
vkfn èkke mUghad Lo:i gSa] os czãk.Mdh Hkk¡fr lÙo] jt%]
reksxq.kd fodkj ugha gSA
ekrk firk LFkku x`g 'k¸;klu vkjA
, lc Ï".ksj 'kq¼ lÙosj fodkjû
(JhpSñ pñ vkñ †@ˆ‡)
JhHkxoku~dh Loizdkf'kdk 'kfädk uke 'kq¼lÙo gSA JhHkxoku~dh
bPNkls mud 'kq¼lÙols firk&ekrk] èkke vkfndk izdk'k gksrk gS
,oa os yhyke;:iesa vkReizdk'k djrs gSaA f=xq.ke;h ek;k'kfä
tM+ gS] JhHkxoku~dh bPNkls ml ek;k'kfäd }kjk czãk.Mdk l`tu
gksrk gSA ijUrq 'kq¼lÙo vkfn mudh fpr~&'kfä gSA og
ek;k'kfädh Hkk¡fr tM+&inkFkZ ugha gSA vr,o ek;k'kfäd lkFk ;k
ek;k'kfäd fodkj czãk.Md lkFk JhHkxoku~dk tSlk lEcUèk gS]
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vkfn bfUæ;küd }kjk çkÏr oLrqd :i] jlkfn fo"k; xzg.k fd;s
tk ldrs gSa] fdUrq bldk ;g vFkZ ug° gS fd Hkxoku~ Hkh oSls
xzg.k fd;s tk ldrs g®A Hkxoku~d loZ= vofLFkr jgusij Hkh
mudk vuqHko ug° gksrk gSA vFkkZr~ JhHkxoku~ bfUæ; xzká fo"k;küeü
vofLFkr g®] fdUrq bldk ;g vFkZ ug° gS fd bfUæ;kü }kjk mudh
lÙkkdk vuqHko fd;k tk ldrk gSA JhHkxoku~ loZdkj.k&Lo:ieü
loZ= vofLFkr g®] fdUrq vk¡[k vkfn bfUæ;k¡ mUgü xzg.k ug° dj
ldrh g®A
^JhHkxoku~dk dg°ij Hkh çosÓk djuk lEHko ug° gS*μbl
fl¼kUrd çfriknud fy, Jholqnso egkjktus dgkμ^vuko`rRokn~
cfgjUrja u rs* vFkkZr~ gs Hkxou~! vki vuko`r vFkkZr~ vifjfNék
g®] vr,o vkidk Hkhrj vkSj ckgj ug° gSA JhHkxoku~ loZO;kih
g®] os lc oLrqvküdh vis{kk c`gr~ g®] muls cM+dj vkSj dksbZ c`gr~
ug° gSA vr,o mudk fdlh LFkkueü çosÓk ;k fdlh LFkkuls ckgj
vkuk fdlh Hkh çdkjls lEHkoij ug° gSA ?kV&iVkfn ifjfPNék
oLrqvküeü dkj.k:ieü voLFkku djusd dkj.k JhHkxoku~ Hkh
ifjfPNék ug° gks tkrs g®] os vifjfPNék gh jgrs g®A blfy,
?kV&iVkfn ifjfPNék oLrqd dg°ij çosÓk djusek=ls mld lkFk
Hkxoku~dk Hkh çosÓk fl¼ ug° gks tkrk gSA
JhHkxoku~ ^loZLo:i* g®] muls fHkék vU; fdlh oLrqdh
i`Fkd~ lÙkk ug° gSA blfy, dkSu&lh oLrq }kjk mudk vkoj.k gks
ldrk gS\ D;küfd i`Fkd~ oLrqls gh vkoj.k gks ldrk gS] viusls
viuk vkoj.k ug° gqvk djrk gSA
ßJhHkxoku~us txr~dh l`f"V djusd ckn mleü vUr;kZfe:ieü
çosÓk fd;kÞμbl Jqfr&okD;dk rkRi;Z ;g gS fd os txr~d Hkhrj
vkSj ckgj loZ= gh vofLFkr g®] blfy, txr~d Hkhrj fLFkr
vaÓkdks ^çfo"V vaÓk* d :ieü dgk tk ldrk gSA blfy,
JhHkxoku~dk fdlh Hkh LFkkueü çosÓk ug° gS] D;küfd os vuko`r
lfPpnkuUn&Lo:i ijekFkZ oLrq g®A
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izdkjd Hkäksadk euksjFk iw.kZ fd;k gSA dksbZ Hkh vorkj JhÏ".kls
i`Fkd~ ugha gSA lkèkddh lkèkukd dkj.k JhÏ".kd gh va'k] dyk]
foHkwfr] 'kfä vkfn fofHkék Lo:iksadk vkfoHkkZo gksrk gSA JhÏ".k
gh loZewy&Lo:i gSaA eRL;] deZ] ojkg vkfn JhÏ".kd gh
yhykorkj gSa] czãk] fo".kq] f'ko JhÏ".kd gh xq.kkorkj gaSA nqxkZ
vkfn JhÏ".kdh gh 'kfä;k¡ gaSA czzã JhÏ".kdk fu£o'ks"k izdk'kek=
gS] ijekRek JhÏ".kdk va'k gSμ;s JhÏ".kls i`Fkd~ ijekFkZ oLrq R
ugha gSa] blfy, JhÏ".k gh Loxr] ltkrh;] fotkrh; Hksnjfgr
v};Kku ijrÙo gaSA dksbZ ;fn JhÏ".kls i`Fkd~ LorU= lÙkk'khy
ijekFkZ oLrqdk vuqlUèkku djrk gS] rks mldk iz;kl foQy gksxkA
l`f"V] fLFkfr vkSj izy;dks ns[kdj ;fn dksbZ l`f"VdÙkkZ vkfndks
JhÏ".kls i`Fkd~ tkurk gS] rc og ;FkkFkZ rÙoK ugha gSA
Lo;a&Hkxoku~ JhÏ".k fofHkék ew£Ùk;ksaesa cgqr&lh yhyk,¡ djrs gSa]
ijUrq mudh lHkh ew£Ùk;ksaesa leLr xq.kksadk izdk'k ugha gksrk gSA
fdlh Hkh ew£Ùkesa izdkf'kr xq.kksad i{kikrh gksdj ewy Lo:idks Hkwy
tkuk vcksèk O;fädk dk;Z gSA JhÏ".k vusdksa ew£Ùk;ksaesa fofHkék
izdkjd dkE;Qyküdks iznku djrs gSa ,oa Lo;a :iesa izsedk nku
djrs gSaA dkE;Qyd yksHkls Lo;a:i JhÏ".kdks Hkwydj dkeukc¼
tho dkE;Qy nkrkdk i{kikrh cu tkrk gSA ijUrq rÙoK O;fä
leLr dkeuk&oklukdk R;kxdj JhÏ".kd pj.kksaesa 'kj.kkxr gksrk
gSA
blfy, JhèkjLokfeiknus v}Sr fl¼kUrdks fLFkj j[kdj
txr~dk feF;kRo LFkkiukdj JhHkxoku~dh loZLo:irkdk LFkkiu
fd;k vkSj oS".ko vkpk;ks±us txr~dks txékkFkdh foHkwfr tkudj
Hkxoku~dh loZLo:irkdk vkLoknu fd;k gSûƒŠû
ugha gSa] ijUrq vki mud vkJ; gSaA tSls xhrkesa (ƒ†@„‰) vkius
gh dgk gSμßeSa gh czãdh izfr"Bk vFkkZr~ vkJ; gw¡AÞ czãkthus Hkh
dgk gS (JheÚkñ „@ˆ@†„)μßizÏfrd izoÙkZd tks iq#"k gSa] os gh
ijczã Hkxoku~ vk| vorkj gSaA nwljs dky] LoHkko vkfn lHkh
mudh foHkwfr;k¡ gSaAÞ vr,o vki mud vkJ; gSaA blhdks dg
jgs gSaμ^rnkJ;Rokr~* vFkkZr~ ml czã vkSj bZ'ojd Hkh vki vkJ;
gSaA blfy, mud l`"V`Rokfn xq.k vkiesa vkjksfir gq, gSaA mipkjd
dkj.k vkfJrdk èkeZ vkJ;esa xzg.k fd;k tkrk gSA tSlsμ^;g
iq.;re ns'k gS*μbl okD;ls iq.;tuksadk èkeZ ns'kesa vkjksi gqvk
gSA mlh çdkj vki gh czã vkSj bZ'oj gSa] ;g vFkZ gSA
rkRi;Z ;g gS fd "k"B&LdUèkesa dgs x;s nksuksa Lo:iksad
vHkko gsrq czã] Ï".k vkSj bZ'oj Lo:ir% fHkék ugha gSa] ijUrq
;gk¡ jl fopkjls JhÏ".k&Lo:idk loksZRd"kZRo dfFkr gqvk gSA
tSls Hkfäjlke`rflUèkqesa dgk x;k gS (iwoZñ ƒ@‡‹)μß;|fi JhukFk
vkSj JhÏ".kesa Lo:ir% fl¼kUrxr dksbZ ikFkZD; ugha gS] fQj Hkh
loksZRÏ"V izsee; jld fopkjls JhÏ".k&Lo:idk mRd"kZ ns[kk
tkrk gSûÞƒ‹û
Hkkoizdkf'kdk o`fÙkμoÙkZeku 'yksdesa olqnsothus JhHkxoku~ls
dgkμgs foHkks! vkils gh bl ifjn`';eku txr~dh l`f"V] fLFkfr
vkSj y; gksrk gSμ;gh osnkfn 'kkL=ksadk fl¼kUr gSA bleü lUnsg
gksrk gSμtxr~esa ns[kk tkrk gS fd miknku dkj.k :ikUrfjr gksdj
gh dk;Z :iesa ifj.kr gksrk gS] tSls feêhdk :ikUrj ?kV gSA
JhHkxoku~ ;fn txr~d miknku dkj.k gSa] rc mudk Hkh :ikUrj
;k fodkj Lohdkj djuk iM+sxkA ;g lUnsg nwj djusd fy,
^vuhgkr~*] ^vxq.kkr~* ,oa ^vfofØ;kr~* ;s rhu fo'ks"k.k 'yksdesa fn;s
x;s gSaA blesa oäO; ;g gS fd JhHkxoku~ lÙo] jt% vkSj
re%μbu rhu xq.kksals vrhr gSaA vr,o mudh dksbZ bPNk ;k
ps"Vk ugha gS] blfy, mudk dksbZ fodkj Hkh ugha gksrk gSA fdlh
izdkjdh dksbZ ps"Vk ugha jgusls dksbZ dk;Z Hkh fl¼ ugha gksrk gS
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,oa :ikUrj u gksusls miknku dkj.kls dksbZ mRiknu Hkh ugha gksrk
gS] ;gh lalkjdk fu;e gSA ijUrq Hkxoku~dh dksbZ ps"Vk ;k bPNk
u jgusij Hkh os txr~dh l`f"V dj ldrs gSa ,oa mudk dksbZ Hkh
:ikUrj u gksdj Hkh os txr~d miknku dkj.k cus jg ldrs gSaA
^Ro;h'ojs czãf.k uks fo#è;rs*μJhHkxoku~ ^czã* vFkkZr~
loZO;kih g®A loZO;kih oLrqdh dksbZ Hkh ps"Vk lEHko ugha gSA
JhHkxoku~ czã gksdj Hkh ^bZ'oj* vFkkZr~ txr~dh l`f"V] fLFkfr vkSj R
y;&dÙkkZ gSaA czãRo vkSj bZ'ojRo ;s nksuksa ijLij fo#¼ gksusij
Hkh JhHkxoku~esa ;s fo#¼ ugha gksrs g®A ^RonkJ;Ùoknqip;Zrs
xq.kS%*μlÙo] jt% ,oa re%μbu rhu xq.kksals txr~dh l`f"V gksrh gS
vkSj ;s rhu xq.k gh txr~ :iesa ifj.kr gksrs gaS] ijUrq Hkxoku~
bu rhu xq.kksad vkJ; gksusls mUghadks l`f"VdÙkkZ vkSj txr~dk
miknku dgk tkrk gSA jktkd Lo;a ;q¼ u djusij Hkh tSls mud
lsukifrd }kjk ;q¼esa fot; çkIr djusij jktkdh gh t; gksrh
gS] oSls gh Hkxoku~d Lo;a dN u djusij Hkh mud }kjk
vfèkf"Br f=xq.ke;h izÏfrls gh txr~dh l`f"V gksrh gSμblfy,
mUgü l`f"VdÙkkZ dgk tkrk gSA vr,o Hkxoku~d czãRo ,oa
bZ'ojRoesa dksbZ fojksèk ugha gSA
bl izdkj Hkxoku~ doyek= txr~d fufeÙk dkj.k gh ugha]
miknku dkj.k Hkh gSaA txr~esa ns[kk tkrk gSμdEHkdkj (dEgkj)
?kVdk fufeÙk dkj.k vkSj feêh miknku dkj.k gSA vr% ,d gh
O;fä ;k dksbZ ,d oLrq fdlh dk;Zd fy, fufeÙk ,oa
miknkuμnksuksa ugha gks ldrsA ijUrq Hkxoku~ vfpUR;'kfä&lEiék
g®] os fufeÙk dkj.k vkSj miknku dkj.kμnksuksa :iksaesa gh txr~dh
l`f"V djrs gSaA
Jholqnsothus JhHkxoku~dks txr~dk miknku vkSj fufeÙkμ;s
nksuksa dkj.kksads :iesa izfriknudj fojksèkh 'kÁkdks nwj djusd fy,
dgkμ^Ro;h'ojs czãf.k uks fo#è;rsA* gs Hkxou~! vki ^czã* gSa
vFkkZr~ vki fu£odkj] loZO;kih] lfPpnkuUn oLrq gaSA vki gh
^bZ'oj* vFkkZr~ vfpUR;] vuUr 'kfä'kkyh ,oa loZdÙkkZ gSa] vr,o
296 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@…@ƒ‹
o.kZd fo"k;esa dksbZ ppkZ ugha gqbZ gS] ijUrq mud Lo:id fo"k;esa
gh ppkZ gqbZ gSA
^vtkesdka yksfgr 'kqDyÏ".kka* vkfn Jqfr&okD;esa Hkh jt%]
lÙo ,oa rekse;h izÏfrdk Hkh yksfgr] 'kqDy ,oa Ï".ko.kZdk
mYys[k ns[kk tkrk gSA ogk¡ Hkh yksfgr] 'kqDy vkfn 'kCndk pk{kq"k
vFkZ lehphu ugha gSA vr,o bl 'yksdfLFkr 'kqDy 'kCndk
vFkZμ'kq¼] jädk vFkZμizo`fÙk izèkku ,oa Ï".k 'kCndk vFkZμLo:i
vkojd (vFkkZr~ Lo:idk vkPNknu djusokyk) le>uk pkfg;sA
lÙoa y?kq çdk'kdfe"Veqi"VEHkda py´p jt%A
xq# oj.kdeso re% çnhioPpkFkZrks o`fÙk%û
bl lka[;&dkfjdkd opuls ns[kk tkrk gS fdμlÙoxq.k
izdk'kd] jtksxq.k pkyd vkSj reksxq.k vkPNknudkjh gksrk gSA
JhHkxoku~ lÙoxq.kd ;ksxls fo".kq&ew£Ùkeü ikyu] jtksxq.kd ;ksxls
czãk&ew£Ùkeü l`f"V vkSj reksxq.kd ;ksxls #æ&ew£Ùkeü lagkj djrs gSaA
muesals lÙoxq.k fueZy gksusls mld lkFk fo".kqdk dksbZ lECkUèk ugha
gS] ijUrq jtksxq.k vkSj reksxq.kd lkFk czãk vkSj f'kodk lEcUèk
gSA lQn dk¡pd vkoj.kd vUnj fdlh oLrqdk :ikUrj ugha
gksrk gS] ijUrq yky ;k uhys dk¡pd vUnj dksbZ Hkh oLrq yky
;k uhy o.kZdh fn[kk;h nsrh gSA mlh çdkj bl 'yksdesa czãk
vkSj #æd Lo:id o.kZuesa ^jtlksicàfgra jäa relk Ï".ka*μjtksx.q kd
;ksxesa ^jä* ,oa reksxq.kd ;ksxesa ^Ï".k* ,slk o.kZu gqvk gS] ijUrq
Jhfo".kqd Lo:i&o.kZuesa ^lRosuksic`afgra 'kqDya* vFkkZr~ lÙoxq.kd
;ksxesa ^'kqDy*μ,slk mYys[k ugha gqvk gSA
JheÚkxor (ƒŒ@ŠŠ@‡) esa ns[kk tkrk gSμ^f'ko% 'kfä;qr%
lk{kkr~ f=fyÂks xq.klao`r%* vFkkZr~ Jhf'ko ek;k'kfäls ;qä gSa ,oa
ek;kxq.kd }kjk vko`r gSa] ijUrq ^gfj£g fuxZq.k% lk{kkr~* vFkkZr~
Jhgfjd lkFk xq.kksadk dksbZ lEcUèk ugha gS] blfy, os fuxZq.k gSaA
olqnsothus bl izdkj xq.kkorkj Lo:idk o.kZudj Hkxoku~dh
losZ'ojrk LFkkiu dh gSû„Œû
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iz;kstu ugha gSA fQj Hkh vki vius HkäokRlY; xq.kd }kjk Lo;a
;gk¡ izdV gq, gSa] D;küfd vkid 'kfä l´pkj djusij ,d lkekU;
{kqæ dhV Hkh fo'oij fot; çkIr dj ldrk gSA vr,o Hkw&Hkkj
gj.kd fy, vkidk vkxeu cgkukek= gS] vkid vkxeudk ewy
dkj.k Hkäksaij Ïik djusd vfrfjä nwljk dN Hkh ugha gSA
gs vf[kys'oj! fofoèk vorkjksaesa nsoklqj ;q¼eü vkSj
nwljs&nwljs le;esa vkid gkFkküls ekjs x;s vlqj bl ckj {kf=;
dyesa tUe ysdj Hkwryij jkt dj jgs gSaA mud }kjk ifjpkfyr
vlqj lsuk,¡ Hkh fofoèk izdkjls vkid Hkäksaij vR;kpkj dj jgh
gSaA vki mUgü tM+ls m[kkM+usd fy, bl ckj Lo;a mifLFkr gq,
gSaA
gs lqjs'oj! vkidh vikj d#.kkls eSa vkid vfpUR;
,s'o;Z&flUèkqdk fcUnqek= vkLoknu djd gh le> jgk gw¡ fd dal
vkfn djksM+ksa vlqj feydj Hkh vkidk dksbZ vfu"V ugha dj
ldrsA vkidk vfu"V djusdh ckr rks cgqr nwj jgs] vkid
pj.kkfJr {kqæ dhVk.kqd fudVesa igq¡puk Hkh fdlhd fy, lEHko
ugha gSA ijUrq vkius eq>s firkd :iesa vÂhdkj fd;k gS] blfy,
eSa fir`&Lusg (okRlY;) ls ew<+ gksdj le;≤ij vkid
,s'o;Zdks Hkwy tkrk gw¡ rFkk dald gkFkls vkidh j{kkd fy,
fpfUrr gks tkrk gw¡A Hkwe.Myesa ftrus Hkh vlqj gSa] muesa daldh
Hkk¡fr nqjkRek dksbZ Hkh ugha gSA ßnsodhd vkBosa xHkZesa vkidk tUe
gksxkÞμ;g nSook.kh lqudj mlus vkid cM+s Hkkb;ksadks ekj Mkyk
gSA vkid tUe gksusdk lekpkj nsusd fy, dalus pkjksa vksj dM+k
igjk yxk;k gSA muls lekpkj feyrs gh nqjkRek dal vL=&'kL=
ysdj nkSM+dj vk;sxkA
bl izdkj ,s'o;ZKku vkSj okRlY;izse] nksuksa gh olqnsod
ân;esa fgyksjs ysus yxsA os bld vfrfjä dN Hkh dgusesa leFkZ
ugha gq,A doyek= viyd us=ksals nsodhuUnudks fljls iSj rd
VdVdh yxkdj ns[kus yxsA mud us= vk¡lqvksals Hkj x;s] xyk
Hkh #¼ gks x;k] lEiw.kZ 'kjhj tM+ gks x;k rFkk {k.k&{k.kesa dald
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Jh'kqd mokpμ
vFkSuekReta oh{; egkiq#"ky{k.ke~A
nsodh reqikèkkor~ dalkÚhrk lqfofLerkû„…û
vUo;%μJhÓkqd mokp (Jh'kqdnsothus dgk) vFk (olqnsod R
Lrod i'pkr~) ,ua (fnO;:ieü çR;{k xkspj mu) egkiq#"ky{k.ka
(egkiq#"kküd y{k.kküls ;qä ÓkÌ&pØ&xnk&iùèkkjh) vkReta (vius
mnjls tUe fy, gq, iq=dks) oh{; (ns[kdj) dalkr~ Hkhrk
(okRlY;iszed çkcY;d dkj.k dal esjs iq=dks ekj Mkysxk] bl
Hk;ls foày gksdj) lqfofLerk (iq= :ils JhHkxoku~d vkfoHkkZodks
ns[kdj vR;Ur fofLer) nsodh (olqno s &iRuh) ra (mu JhHkxoku~dh)
mikèkkor~ (Lrqfr djus yxh)û„…û
vuqoknμJh'kqdnsothus dgkμvuUrj dald Hk;ls Mjh gqbZ
nsodh egkiq#"kd y{k.kksals ;qä iq=dk n'kZudj vR;Ur foLe;d
lkFk mudh Lrqfr djus yxhaû„…û
lkjkFkZn£ÓkuhμvFk iR;qHkZ;a n`"V~ok] mi lehia] Hkhrsfr Lo:ieuqilagjUra
Le;ekua reky{;] ijesÓojRokgÁkjs.k dalHk;a u x.k;fr] rnga gUr
fdÁjksehR;frfoàysR;FkZ%A lqfofLersR;L; ijesÓojL;kxzs dal% [kyq dks ojkd%]
rnI;ko;ksHkZ;a o¼Zr ,osfr dks·;efoosdks nqLrj bfr Hkko%û„…û
Hkkokuqoknμ^vFk*μvuUrj ifrdk Hk; ns[kdj nsodh Hkh
^Hkhrk* vFkkZr~ Lo:idk laoj.k u dj g¡lrs gq, ckyddks ns[kdj
rFkk ;g ckyd ijes'ojRod vgadkjesa daldh dksbZ fxurh ugha
dj jgk gS] ;g ns[kdj og dgus yxhμgk;! vc eSa D;k
d:¡\μbl izdkj og vfr'k; O;kdy gks x;hA ^lqfofLerk*μ
vfr'k; fofLer gksdj vFkZkr~ bl ijes'ojd fudV dal fuf'pr
gh vfrrqPN gS] fQj Hkh esjk Mj c<+rk tk jgk gS] blfy, vgks!
esjh ;g nqLrj foosd&ghurk dlh gS\û„…û
306 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@…@„…&„†
JhnsoD;qokpμ
:ia ;Ùkr~ çkgqjO;äek|a]
czã T;ksfr£uxqZ.ka fu£odkje~A
lÙkkek=a fu£o'ks"ka fujhga]
l Roa lk{kkf}".kqjè;kRenhi%û„†û
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loZ'kfäeku bZ'oj ,oa ije dY;k.kd vkJ; gSaA eSa vkidh 'kj.k
ysrh gw¡û„ˆû
lkjkFkZn£Ókuhμ^dkyosxus * bR;qDR;k izkIra dkyL;kfi LokrU«;a okj;Urh]
loZHkh"k.kkr~ dkyknfi ;Ú;a ukfLr r= gsrqekgμ;ks·;a loZlagkjd% dky%]
refi] rL; ro] ps"Vkekgq%A gs vO;äcUèkks izÏfrizoÙkZd! ;su RoPps"Vk:is.k
dkysuSo] foÓoa ps"Vrs] l ,o dky% d%\ r=kgμfues"ksfrA egh;ku~ iqu%
iquoZRljko`Ù;k f}ijk¼Z:i%A Rok Roka] izi|sμ;Fkk Roa fuHkZ;%] rFkSo Loekrja R
ekefi fuHkZ;ka d£ofr Hkko%û„ˆû
Hkkokuqoknμ^dkyd izcy osxls*μbl çdkj fiNys Óyksdeü
dgs tkusls dkydh Hkh LorU=rk gksusdk tks vFkZ çkIr gksrk gS]
mls ;gk¡ [k.Mu dj jgs g®A loZHkh"k.k dkyls Hkh vkidks tks Hk;
ug° gS] mldk dkj.k cryk jgs g®μtks loZlagkjd dky gS] mls
Hkh if.Mryksx vkidh ps"Vk ;k yhyk dgrs g®A gs ^vO;äcUèkks*
vFkkZr~ izÏfrd izoÙkZd! vkidh ps"Vk:i dkyd vèkhu gksdj gh
;g fo'o py jgk gSA ;fn çÓu gks fd og dky dlk gS\ mld
mÙkjesa dgrs g®μ^fues"kkfnoZRljkUr%* vFkkZr~ fues"kls ysdj o"kZ rd
,oa iqu%&iqu% o"kZ x.kukd }kjk f}ijk¼Z le; rd dky izo£Ùkr
gks jgk gSA ^Rok izi|s* vFkkZr~ ml losZ'oj vkSj vHk;d vkèkkj
vkid 'kj.kkxr gks jgh gw¡A tSls vki fuHkZ; g®] oSls gh viuh
ekrk eq>s Hkh fuHkZ; djü] ;g Hkko gSû„ˆû
Hkkoizdkf'kdk o`fÙkμnsodh vuUr ,s'o;Z&ekèkq;Zd fudru
JhxksfoUnd ,s'o;Z&flUèkqesa fuefTtr gSA ;|fi vf[ky czãk.Mküd
ikyd Hkxoku~ nsodhd iq=:ieü çdV gq, g®] ijUrq mUgü
prqHkqZt:ieü ÓkÌ] pØ] xnk] iùèkkjhd :ieü nÓkZudj ekrk
nsodhdh mud çfr ,sÓo;Zcqf¼ gks x;h] blfy, os vc mudk
ckY;&Hkko vkLoknu ugha dj ldrs gSaA ^u"Vs yksd* vkfn nks
'yksdksaesa mUgküus Hkxoku~ls dgkμgs Hkxou~! vkidks fdl ckrdk
Hk;\ vuUr djksM+ czãk.M dkyØels foyhu gks tk;saxs] ijUrq gs
vuUr! vkidk dHkh Hkh vUr ugha gksxkA
314 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@…@„‡&„ˆ
Kkuh O;fä eq>s Hkfäd }kjk gh ;FkkFkZ :iesa tku ikrs gSa]
^HkDR;kgesd;k xzká%* (JheÚkñ ƒƒ@ƒ†@„ƒ) vFkkZr~ ,dek= Hkfäd
}kjk gh eSa xzg.kh; gksrk gw¡μvkfn&vkfn Hkxoku~dh mfä;k¡ gSaA
blls Li"V gS fd mudk Lo:i Hkfäd }kjk gh tkuk tkrk gSA
;g Hkfä rhu izdkjdh gksrh gSμxq.khHkwrk] izèkkuhHkwrk vkSj doyk
gSA ýdehZ] Kkuh vkSj ;ksxh ftl Hkfädks vizèkku :iesa xzg.k djrs
gSa] og vLorU=k ;k xq.khHkwrk&Hkfä gSA izèkkuhHkwrkμxkS.k ;k
fefJrk Hkfä gSA doyk&Hkfä dgusls tks Kku] deZ vkfnd }kjk
fefJr ugha gS] og 'kq¼k ;k vuU;k&Hkfä gSþ muesa Øe'k%μKku]
Kkue;h jfr ,oa izseμ;s rhu Qy ns[ks tkrs gSaA muesa Kkud }kjk
,dek= fpr~ lq[kSde; czãLo:idk cks/k gksrk gSA Kkue;h jfrd
}kjk fpnS'o;Ze; HkxoRLo:idk vkLoknu gksrk gSA ijUrq] izsed
}kjk ekèkq;Ze; Ï".k&jke vkfn Lo:iksadk gh vkLoknu gksrk gSA
okLroesa Lo:ir% os ,d gSa] fQj Hkh vkLoknud rkjrE;ls muesa
Hksn gSA og ekèkq;ZμJhfoxzg&fu"B :ikfn i´pd] Hkä okRlY;
vkSj yhykμ;g lkr izdkjdk gSA ijUrq] oztfLFkr JhÏ".kesa os.kq
vkSj ,s'o;Zdh vfèkdrkd dkj.k ukS izdkjdk ekèkq;Z ns[kk tkrk
gSA tSls y?kq&Hkkxorke`r („Š‡ dkfjdk) esa dgk x;k gSμßujkÏfr
ijczã JhÏ".kdk ,s'o;Z] ØhM+k] os.kq vkSj Jhfoxzgμ;s pkj
çdkjdh ekèkqfj;k¡ xksdyesa gh fojkteku gSaAÞ
fQj og izse Hkh nkL;] l[;] okRlY; vkSj mTToy (eèkqj)
Hksnls pkj izdkjdk gSA muesa Hkh fQj okRlY;izseus viuh
LokHkkfod efgek vkSj LoHkkols JhÏ".kdks vuqdEikdk ik=
vFkkZr~ ykY;&ikY; Hkkols vfrÓk; eerkdk fo"k; cuk fn;k gSA
mUgsa ekrkdh vfr'k; eerkdk vkLin cuk fn;k gSA mlesa
JhÏ".kd ,s'o;Zdk Li"V :ils vuqHko gksusij Hkh og okRlY;çse
okRlY;çseoku tuküdks bl çdkjls vkPNkfnr djrk gS fd ftlls
oSls eerk:i jTtqls fuc¼ Ï".k ml okRlY;çsed oÓkhHkwr gksdj
vU;küd fy, vukLok| vius vikj ekèkq;Zdk okRlY;çseoku
tuküdks vkLoknu djk;k djrs g®A
L
JhHkxokuqokpμ
Roeso iwoZlxsZ·Hkw% i`f'u% Lok;EHkqos lfrA
rnk;a lqrik uke çtkifrjdYe"k%û…„û
;qoka oS czã.kkfn"VkS çtklxsZ ;nk rr%A
lfék;E;sfUæ;xzkea rsikFks ijea ri%û……û
o"kZokrkrifge&?keZdkyxq.kkuuq A
lgekukS 'okljksèk&fofuèkwZreukseykSû…†û
L
'kh.kZi.kkZfuykgkjkoqi'kkUrsu psrlkA
eÙk% dkekuHkhIlUrkS enkjkèkuehgrq%û…‡û
,oa oka rI;rksLrhoza ri% ijenq"dje~A
fnO;o"kZ l gòkf.k }kn'ks ; q e Z n kReuks % û…ˆû
rnk oka ifjrq"Vks·geequk oiq"kku?ksA
rilk J¼;k fuR;a HkDR;k p âfn Hkkfor%û…‰û R
çknqjkla ojnjkM~ ;qo;ks% dkefnRl;kA
foz;rka oj bR;qäs ekn`'kks oka o`r% lqr%û…Šû
vUo;%μlfr (gs ifrozrkfÓkjksef.k!) Lok;EHkqos (Lok;EHkqo
eUoUrjeü) iwoZlxsZ (çFke tUeeü) Roeso (bl le; nsodh:ieü
vorh.kZ rqe gh) i`fÓu% (i`fÓu ukeokyh) vHkw% (Fkh) rnk (ml
le;) vdYe"k% (jkx&}s"kjfgr) v;a (;s olqnso) lqrikuke
çtkifr% (lqrik uked çtkifr Fks)û…„û
;qoka oS czã.kk (vki nksukü l`f"VdÙkkZ czãkd }kjk) ;nk
çtklxsZ (tc çtkl`f"Vd fy,) vkfn"VkS (vkfn"V gq,) rr% (ml
le;) bfUæ;xzkea (p{kq vkfn bfUæ;küdks) lafu;E; (vius&vius
fo"k;küls yksVkrs gq, mUgü fu;ferdj) ijee~ (vfr nq'dj) ri%
rsikFks (riL;k dh Fkh)û……û
o"kZ&okrkri&fge&?keZ&dkyxq.kku~ (o"kkZ] ok;q] rki] fge]
xjeh vkfn le;d lHkh xq.kküdks) vuq (fujUrj) lgekukS (lgu
djrs gq,) Óokljksèk&fofuèkwZr&eukseykS (çk.kk;ke vkfnd }kjk
lEiw.kZ :ils eud eydks ukÓkdj) Ókh.kZi.kkZfuykgkjkS (ek= fxjs
gq, iÙks vkSj ok;qdk Hkkstudj) eÙk% (eq>ls) dkeku~ (vfHkyf"kr
ojdh) vHkhIlUrkS (çkFkZuk djrs gq,) ývki nksuküusþ miÓkkUrsu
(Hkfä;qä) psrlk (fpÙkd }kjk) enkjkèkua (esjh vkjkèkuk) bZgrq%
(dh Fkh)û…†&…‡û
,oa (iwoksZä çdkjls o"kkZ] ok;q vkfn lgu djrs gq,)
ijenq"dje~ (vR;Ur nq%lkè;) rhoza ri% rI;rks% (rhoz ri djrs
330 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@…@…„&…Š
djusd fy, blh :ieü vkid lkeus mifLFkr gqvk FkkA ijUrq
vki eq>s lk{kkr~ izkIr djd Hkh eq>s gh iq=:iesa ikusd fy, oj
ek¡xusdk lkgl u dj ldA esjs ,s'o;Zdh LQ£r gksusd dkj.k eq>s
iq=:iesa u ek¡xdj vki nksuküus esjs tSlk iq= izkfIrd fy, izkFkZuk
dh Fkhû…„&…Šû
leLr txr~esa ,d&,ddj <w¡<+k] ijUrq esjs tSlk dksbZ ugha feykA
rc lPpfj= vkSj vkSnk;Z vkfn xq.kksaesa Hkjiwj Lo;a eSaus gh vkid
iq=:iesa tUe xzg.k fd;kA gs ekr% nsodh! Lok;EHkqo eUoUrjesa
vkidk uke i`f'u FkkA eSaus vkid xHkZesa ^i`f'uxHkZ* :iesa tUe
fy;k FkkA y?kq&Hkxorke`resa dgk x;k gSμßblh i`f'uxHkZ Hkxoku~us
èkzqodks n'kZu ,oa ojnku fn;k FkkAÞ JheÚkxord X;kjgosa&LdUèkd
;qxkorkj&o.kZuesa =srk;qxd mikL;:iesa i`f'uxHkZdk uke ns[kk tkrk R
gSA mld i'pkr~ oSoLor eUoUrjh; lIre prq;Zqxd lR;;qxesa
vkiyksxksaus d';i vkSj vfnfr gksdj tUe xzg.k fd;k FkkA ml
le; eSa vkidk iq= misUæ gksdj vk;k FkkA rc esjk Lo:i ckSuk
gksusd dkj.k esjk uke okeunso gqvkA
blckj r`rh; tUe gSA eSaus vkid iq= :iesa tUe xzg.k
fd;k gSA tc vkius i`f'u vkSj lqrikds :iesa dBksj riL;k dh
Fkh] rc eSa blh prqHkqZt:iesa oj nsusd fy, izdV gqvk FkkA eSa
igys nks ckj va'k&:iesa vk;k Fkk] vc Lo;a&:iesa vk;k gw¡A gs
lkSHkkX;ofr! eSa vkidks vfHkyf"kr oj iznkudj opuc¼ gks x;k
FkkA blhfy, rhu ckj vkiyksxksadk iq= cudj vk;kA vkid
okRlY;izse:ih ½.kesa eSa lnSo c¡èkk gqvk gw¡A vkius ,dckj izkFkZuk
dh Fkh] ijUrq eSaus rhu ckj vkidk iq= cuuk Lohdkj
fd;kû…‹&†…û
izFkek xfrj|ruh xksdya izfr] ;k Rosdknk'ks o"ksZ eFkqjka izfr iquHkkZfouh] rka
ijka eå¥r ;qoka ;kL;sFks izkIL;Fk% ;kL;Fk% bR;FkZ%A lkEizrUrq e;k lg
;qo;ks£oPNsn ,o HkorhR;FkZ%û†‡û
Hkkokuqoknμbl izdkj vius fuR; tud&tuuh :iesa
LoeU=ksikluk&iVyesa mä olqnso vkfndk è;ku vkSj iwtkfndk
lkoZdkfydRodk izn'kZu Hkh ;qfälÂr gh gS vFkkZr~ JhÏ".kd
è;kuizlÂesa mud firk&ekrkd :iesa nsodh&olqnso vkfndks R
fuR;:iesa fn[kk;k x;k gSA ;gk¡ Hkxoku~us mud fuR;&fl¼ gksusdh
ckrdks fNikdj mudk izse c<+kusd fy, lkèkd :iesa fn[kykdj
flf¼ izkIr gksusdk opu nsdj mUgü vkufUnr fd;kμ^;qoka* bl
'yksdd }kjkA vkiyksx esjk iq=Hkkoesa vFkok czãHkkoesa fujUrj
fpUru djrs&djrs eq>esa vklä fpÙk gksdj esjh ije xfrdks
ykHk djsaxsA okLro vFkZ bl izdkj gSμeSa igys xksdyesa tkÅ¡xkA
fQj X;kjg o"kZd i'pkr~ tc eSa eFkqjkesa ykSVdj vkšxk rc vki
eq>s izkIr djsaxsA vc vkid lkFk esjk fo;ksx gh gksxk] ;g HkkokFkZ
gSû†‡û
Hkkoizdkf'kdk o`fÙkμJhHkxoku~us olqnsoth vkSj nsodhls
dgkμeSaus blh prqHkqZt:iesa vkid fudV vkfoHkZwr gksdj vkidh
euksfHkyk"kkd vuqlkj oj iznku fd;k Fkk ,oa mld i'pkr~ blls
igys vkSj Hkh nks ckj vkiyksxksad iq=d :iesa tUe xzg.k fd;k
FkkA ijUrq vkiyksxksadks igys tUeksadk Lej.k ugha gSA blfy, eSaus
ftl Lo:iesa vkidks oj fn;k Fkk] mlh Lo:iesa gh blckj
mifLFkr gqvk gw¡A esjs pkj gkFkksaesa 'kÌ] pØ] xnk] iù vkfn
ns[kdj lHkh eq>s Hkxoku~ dgdj igpku ldüxsA vU;Fkk ujkÏfr
Lo:idks ns[kdj dksbZ Hkxoku~d :iesa igpku ugha ik;saxsA
esjs eRL;] deZ] ojkg] uj¥lg vkfn cgqr&ls Lo:i gSa] ;s
lHkh Lo:i egk ,s'o;Zls ifjiw.kZ gSA vlqj&ekj.k] Hkw&Hkkj gj.k
vkfn dk;ks±d fy, ;s ew£Ùk;k¡ txr~esa vkfoHkZwr gksrh gSa rFkk
dkeuk&oklukdh iw£rd fy, c¼tho esjh mikluk djrs gSaA ijUrq
340 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@…@††&†‡
esjh vuUr ew£Ùk;ksaesa ^ujkÏfr* Lo:i vfr nqKZs; gSA mlesa vius
vuUr ,s'o;Zdks xqIr j[kdj doyek= izsekèkhu gksdj eSa yhyk&
foykl djrk gw¡A ftudk ân; 'kq¼izsejlls ifjiw.kZ gS] os gh esjs
bl ujkÏfr Lo:idk ekèkq;Z xzg.k vkSj vkLoknu dj ldrs gSaA
bld vfrfjä dkeuk&okluk&ijk;.k gksusls ftudk ân; Hkqfä]
eqfä] flf¼dh ykylkls ifjiw.kZ gaS] os esjs ujkÏfr Lo:id
ekèkq;Zdk vkLoknu djusesa v{ke gSaA os esjs bl ,s'o;Ze; Lo:idh
vkjkèkukdj flf¼ ikusdh vfHkyk"kk djrs gSaA cfgeZq[krkd dkj.k
ftudk ân; efyu gS] tks vfHkekud mPp&e´pesa cSBs gq, doy
vgadkjdk iks"k.k ,oa LokFkZ flf¼dk vuqlUèkku djrs gSa] os esjs
ujkÏfr Lo:idks vfr&rqPN le>rs gSaA
JhHkxoku~us nsodh&olqnsols dgkμvkid rhu tUeksaesa eSaus
rhu ckj iq=:iesa tUe xzg.k fd;kA blls olqnso&nsodhdks ,slk
laÓk; gks ldrk gS fd JhHkxoku~ ftud izfr izlék gq, gSa] mUgü
iqu%&iqu% tUe xzg.k D;ksa djuk iM+k\ blfy, Hkxoku~us ^;qoka eka
iq=Hkkosu* vkfn 'yksdesa olqnso&nsodhdks vk'oklu iznku djrs
gq, dgkμvkidks fQjls tUe xzg.k djuk ugha gksxkA blckj
vkiyksx ijexfr izkIr djsaxsA
JhJhèkjLokfeikndk ;g dFku gSμLok;EHkqo eUoUrjesa i`f'u
vkSj lqrik lkèkd tho Fks rFkk rhoz lkèkukdj mUgküus Hkxoku~dks
iq=&:iesa izkIr fd;k FkkA os lc le; Hkxoku~dk czãHkkols fpUrk
ug° dj ik;s] dHkh&dHkh os iq=Hkkols Hkh mudh fpUrk fd;k
djrs FksA blfy, mUgü rhu ckj tUe xzg.k djuk iM+kA rhu
tUeküd i'pkr~ mUgü ijexfr izkIr gqbZA
blesa oS".ko nk'kZfudksadk dguk gS fd JhJhèkjLokehiknus
^czãHkko* vkSj nsodh vkSj olqnsod Lo:id lEcUèkeü dN Hkh
vkykspuk ug° dh gS] blfy, vius cqf¼cyls ijekuUn&?ku foxzg
JhxksfoUnd fuR;fl¼ ik"kZnksa rFkk mud 'kq¼ HkfäHkkodks 'kq"d
Kkuoknesa i;Zoflr djuk dnkfi ;qfälÂr ugha gSA
L
Jh'kqd mokpμ
bR;q D Roklh¼fjLrw " .kha HkxokukReek;;kA
fi=ks% lEi';rks% l|ks cHkwo çkÏr% f'k'kq%û†ˆû
vUo;%μJhÓkqd mokp (JhÓkqdnsous dgk) gfj% (prqHkZqt:i
çdkÓkd }kjk vkSj okD;&HkfÂd }kjk nsodh&olqnsod fy, ije
euksgj rFkk LosPNkls lcd eudks gj.k djuseü leFkZ Jhgfj) bfr
mDRok (iwoksZä opuküdks dgdj) rw".khe~ vklhr~ (ekSu gks x;s)
ýrRiÓpkr~þ Hkxoku~ (os "kM~ ,s'o;ZÓkkyh JhnsodhuUnu) vkReek;;k
(LosPNkls) fi=ks% (Jhnsodh&olqnsod) laiÓ;rks% (ns[krs&ns[krs gh)
l|% (rR{k.kkr~) çkÏr fÓkÓkq% (vius LoHkkofl¼ f}HkqtLo:i)
cHkwo (cu x;s)û†ˆû
vuqoknμJh'kqdnsothus dgkμijhf{kr~! Hkxoku~ Jhgfj ;g
dgdj pqi gks x;s ,oa ekrk&firkd ns[krs&ns[krs gh viuh
;ksxek;k 'kfäd cyls mlh le; lkèkkj.k f'k'kqd leku gks x;s
vFkkZr~ vius LoHkkofl¼ :idks èkkj.k dj fy;kû†ˆû
344 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@…@†ˆ
lcdk lagkj djusesa leFkZ gSA mudh HkxoÙkk] f'k'kqRo] ,s'o;Z ,oa
ekèkq;Z ,d gh lkFk feydj olqnso vkSj nsodhd iq= :iesa
izdf'kr gqvk gSA
olqnsoth vkSj nsodhd ns[krs&ns[krs gh Hkxoku~ vkRekek;kd
}kjk izkÏr f'k'kq tSls cu x;sA vc mud pkj gkFk ug° Fks]
ÓkÌ&pØ&xnk&iù Hkh ug° Fks rFkk u fg fdjhV&d;wj vkfn FksA
bl çdkj os ekuks lEiw.kZ :iesa izkÏr ckyd cu x;sA ml le; R
mUgsa igpkuuk fdlhd fy, Hkh lEHko ugha Fkk] ,slk yx jgk Fkk
ekuks lpeqp gh os nsodhd xHkZls Hkwfe"B gq, gksaA
Jhikn lukru xksLokeh] Jhikn tho xksLokeh vkfn oS".ko
nk'kZfudksaus bl 'yksdd ^Hkxoku~ vkReek;;k izkÏr% f'k'kqcZHkwo*
bl va'kdh O;k[;kesa dgk gSμf=dk.M&'ks"k ,oa fu?kZ.V uked
vfHkèkkuesa ns[kk tkrk gSμ^ek;k* 'kCndk vFkZ Kku gSA ;gk¡
^vkReek;k* 'kCndk vFkZμJhHkxoku~dh Lo:iHkwrk Lo:i'kfä gS
vFkkZr~ ftl le; tks ew£Ùk izdk'k djusls izseoku Hkäksadk vkuUn&
o¼Zu gks] ,slh cqf¼dks izdk'k djuk Lo:i'kfädk dk;Z gSA
JhHkxoku~dks nsodh vkSj olqnsodk vkuUn&o¼Zud fy, ftl
ew£Ùkdks izdk'k djuk pkfg;s] fopkjdj os oSls gh izkÏr f'k'kq tSls
cu x;sA egklafgrk uked xzUFkesa ns[kk tkrk gSμßJhHkxoku~dh
bPNkdk uke ^vkReek;k* gS ,oa f=xq.ke;h tM+k'kfädk uke
^xq.kek;k* gSAÞ vr,o Hkxoku~ vkReek;kd }kjk vFkkZr~ LosPNkls
izkÏr f'k'kq cu x;sA fo'odks"k uked izkphu xzUFkesa ns[kk tkrk
gSμ^ek;k* 'kCndk vFkZ nEHk vkSj Ïik gSA JhHkxoku~ vkReek;kd
}kjk vFkkZr~ vius Hkäksaij Ïikdk foLrkj djrs gq, izkÏr f'k'kq
cu x;sA
^ek;k* 'kCnd vusdksa vFkZ gSaA muesals Kku] bPNk ,oa Ïik
vFkZdks xzg.k djusls Hkxoku~dh yhykd lkFk lke´tL; gksrk gSA
vU;Fkk f=xq.ke;h tM+k'kfä ;k bUætky vkfn le>usls Hkxoku~dh
yhykd lkFk lke´tL; ugha gks ldrkA JhHkxoku~ vius Lo:iHkwr
Kku'kfäls] LosPNkls ;k Hkäksaij Ïik djusd fy, izkÏr f'k'kq gks
346 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@…@†ˆ
rr'p 'kkSfjHkZxoRçpksfnr%]
lqra leknk; l lwfrdkx`gkr~A
;nk cfgxZ U rq f e;s " k ráZ t k]
;k ;ks x ek;ktfu uUntk;;kû†‰û
vUo;%μrr% p (JhHkxoku~dk f}Hkqt:ieü vkfoHkkZo gksusd
i'pkr~) HkxoRçpksfnr% (;fn dalls Mjrs g®] rks eq>s xksdyeü ys
tk;¡ vkSj ;Ókksnkd xHkZls mRiék esjh ek;kdks ;gk¡ yk;üμbl çdkj
JhHkxoku~ }kjk igys vkfn"V gksdj) l% (os ije HkkX;oku) ÓkkSfj%
(olqnsous) lqra (JhnsodhuUnudks) leknk; (lkoèkkuhls èkhjs&èkhjs
mBkdj viuh xksneü vkjksfirdj) lwfrdkx`gkr~ (dal dkjkxkjls)
;nk cfgxZUrqe~ b;s"k (ftl le; ckgj tkusd fy, bPNk dh) r£g
(rc) ;k vtk ;ksxek;k (vtk ukels çfl¼ tUekfn&jfgr tks
JhHkxoku~dh Ókfä ;ksxek;k gS) ýogþ uUntk;;k (;Ókksnkls) vtfu
(çdV gqbZ)û†‰û
vuqoknμvuUrj Hkxoku~dh izsj.kkls olqnsoth ftl le;
ckyddks xksnesa èkkj.k djd lwfrdk&x`gls ckgj fudyusdh
vfHkyk"kk dj jgs Fks] mlh le; ;'kksnkus Hkxoku~dh vkReÓkfä:fi.kh
tUejfgrk ;ksxek;kdks izlo fd;kû†‰û
L
e?kksfu o"kZR;lÏ|ekuqtk]
xEHkhjrks ; kS ? ktoks £ eQ f uyk A
Hk;kudkoÙkZ'krkdyk unh]
ekx± nnkS flUèkqfjo fJ;% irs%û‡Œû
vUo;%μe?kksfu (bUæd }kjk) vlÏr~ (ckjEckj) o"kZfr
(o`f"V fd;s tkusij) xEHkhj&rks;kS?k&toks£e&Qfuyk (vxkèk vkSj
rjÂ] Qu vkfnls ;qä) ý,oaþ Hk;kudkoÙkZ&Ókrkdyk (lSdM+kü
Hk;kud Hk¡ojküls O;kIr gksdj) unh (dy&dy ukn djrh gqbZ cg
jgh) ;ekuqtk (;equkus) fJ;% irs% (JhjkepUædks) flUèkqfjo
(leqæ&ikj tkusd fy, tSls) ekx± nnkS (ekxZ çnku fd;k Fkk) ýoSls
gh olqnsodks Hkh nwljh vksj tkusd fy, ekxZ çnku fd;kþû‡Œû
vuqoknμfujUrj bUænsod }kjk o"kkZ fd;s tkusd dkj.k
;equk unh mQu jgh FkhaA mlesa xgjs ikuhd osxls mRiék rjÂksals
Qu&gh&Qu gks jgk Fkk vkSj mleü lSdM+kas Hk;kud Hk¡ojs iM+ jgs
FksA fdUrq leqæus ftl izdkj JhjkepUædks iFk iznku fd;k Fkk]
;equkus Hkh mlh izdkj olqnsothdks ekxZ ns fn;kû‡Œû
lkjkFkZn£Ókuhμrks;kS?k% rks;lewg%] fJ;% irs% lhrkirs%û‡Œû
Hkkokuqoknμ^rks;kS?k%*μtyjkf'kA ^fJ;% irs%*μlhrkifr Jhjke&
pUædks leqæus tSls ekxZ iznku fd;k Fkk] oSls ;equkthus Hkh
olqnsothdks ekxZ iznku fd;kû‡Œû
Jh'kqd mokpμ
cfgjUr%iqj}kj% lokZ% iwoZonko`rk%A
rrks cky/o¥u Jq R ok x` g ikyk% leq f RFkrk%ûƒû
vUo;%μcfgjUr%iqj}kj% lokZ% (dal dkjkxkjd ckgjd vkSj
vUnjd lHkh njokts) iwoZor~ (igysdh gh Hkk¡fr) vko`rk% (cUn
gks x;s) rr% (mld i'pkr~) ckyèo¥u (uotkr fÓkÓkqd jksusdh
èofu) JqRok (lqudj) x`gikyk% (dal dkjkxkjd j{kd) leqfRFkrk%
(fuæk Hk gksusd lkFk gh pfdr gksdj mB x;s)ûƒû
vuqoknμJh'kqdnsothus dgkμgs jktu~! bld ckn dkjkxkjd
lHkh }kj igysd gh leku Hkhrj ,oa ckgj nksuksa vksjls cUn gks
x;sA rc uotkr f'k'kqdh ØUnu èofudks lqudj }kjikyksadh uhan
VwVhûƒû
lkjkFkZn£'kuh Vhdk
ek;kokD;su dalL;kuqrkiks nsodh {kekA
nqeZfU=fHkeZU=.kk p prqFksZ dF;rs dFkkû
ckyèo¥uμtkrek=&ckyd&jksnu'kCne~A x`gikyk%μ'oku boûƒû
Hkkokuqoknμbl prqFkZ vè;k;esa ek;knsohdh Hkfo";ok.khls
daldk vuqrki] Jhnsodhls {kek&izkFkZuk vkSj nq"Vcqf¼okys efU=;ksad
lkFk ijke'kZdk o.kZu gqvk gSA
^ckyèofua*μuotkr f'k'kqd jksusdh èofu lqudjA ^x`gikyk%*μ
x`gikfyr dÙksdh Hkk¡fr lHkh igjsnkj tkx mBsûƒû
370 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@†@„&…
Hkh è;ku ugha jgk fd mld cky fc[kjs gSaA jkLrsesa dbZ txg
og yM+[kM+kdj fxjrs&fxjrs cpkû…û
lkjkFkZn£'kuhμdky%μckyda gUrqe;eso le; bfr_ ;}k] eUe`R;qfjfr
Hk;suû…û
Hkkokuqoknμ^dky%* vFkkZr~ ckyddh gR;k djusd fy, ;gh
mi;qä le; gSA mls ,slk yxk fd lk{kkr~ esjh e`R;q gh mifLFkr
gqbZ gS] bl Hk;ls dal O;kdy gks x;kû…û
Hkhþ grlqrk (ftld iq= ej x;s gkü) nhuk (rFkk iq= Ókksdls foày
gksusokyh gw¡) ývr,oþ v (gs HkS;k!) eUnk;k% (eUnHkkfxuh esjs
fy,) beka pjeka (lcls NksVh bl vfUre) çtka (dU;kdks) ýeq>sþ
nkrqa vgZfl (ns nsuk rqEgkjs fy, mfpr gS)ûˆû
vuqoknμgs izHkks! gs HkS;k! esjs cgqr&ls iq= ej x;s gSaA eSa
vR;Ur nhu rqEgkjh NksVh cfgu gw¡] blfy, eq> eUnHkkfxuhdks
cph gqbZ bl vfUre lUrkudks vo'; gh ns nksûˆû
lkjkFkZn£'kuhμvÂμgs Hkzkr%ûˆû
Hkkokuqoknμ^vÂ* vFkkZr~ gs HkkbZ!ûˆû
Hkkoizdkf'kdk o`fÙkμHkkæ ekgdh Ï".kk"Veh fu'kkdk vHkh
Hkh volku ugha gqvk gSA jkf=eü fopj.k djusokys i{khx.k tc
o"kkZd vUresa o`{kdh 'kk[kkvküij cSBdj Hkhxs gq, ia[kksadks
l´pkyudj mM+usdk iz;kl dj jgs gSa rFkk vfr'kh?kz fu'kkdk
volku gksxk] ;g tkudj Hkkstud vUos"k.kesa u tkdj vius
vius ?kksalyksaesa tkuk gh Js;Ldj eku jgs gSa] v"Vehd {kh.k
pUæek tc xxuesa vius izdk'kdks {kh.k gksrs gq, ns[kdj ekufld
ihM+kd dkj.k efyu gks jgs gSaA fnuesa fopj.k djusokys i{khx.k
,d ckj vius ?kksalyküesa cSBdj fu'kk volkudh okÙkkZ tkuusd
fy, vk¡[ksa [kksy&[kksydj ns[k jgs gSa] rc Hkh vUèkdkj gS] ;g
tkudj fQjls vk¡[kü ewn¡ jgs gSaμ,sls le;esa olqnsoth uUnky;esa
JhÏ".kdks j[kdj ogk¡ls Ï".k&ek;kdks ân;ls yxkdj jktèkkuh
eFkqjkesa çfo"V gq,A os eu&gh&eu lkspus yxsμfdlhus ns[kk rks
ugha\ eSa tks uUnky;esa vius iq=dks fNikdj ;'kksnkdh dU;kdks
ysdj eFkqjkesa vk;k gw¡] bldk fdlhdks irk rks ugha pyk\ ;fn
dksbZ fdlh izdkj tku ys] rks loZuk'k gks tk;sxkA rc esjs iq=d
izk.kksadh j{kkdh dksbZ lEHkkouk ugha jgsxhA bl izdkj cgqr&ls
fopkjksaesa Mwcs gq, olqnsoth pkjksa vksj ns[kus yxsA tc mUgksaus ns[kk
fd lHkh iwoZor~ xEHkhj uhanesa lks jgs gSa] rc mud izk.kksaesa
374 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@†@ƒ&ˆ
FkkA mld nksuksa us= Øksèkls yky gks jgs Fks rFkk 'kjhj dk¡i jgk
FkkA mlus dkjkxkjesa igq¡prs gh dBksj 'kCnksaeü dgkμ^dgk¡ gS\
nsodhd vkBosa xHkZdk ckyd dgk¡ gS\ og esjh lk{kkr~ e`R;q gS]
eSa vHkh mls ekj Mkyw¡xkA* ,slk dgrk gqvk og nsodhd lehi
igq¡pkA
iqu%&iqu% dald gkFkküls iq=küdk fuèku gksusls nsodh 'kksd
vkSj nq%[kls vR;Ur ihfM+r Fkh] blfy, og daldks Hk;Áj :iesa
vkrs gq, ns[kdj vk¡èkhesa dysd iÙkksadh Hkk¡fr Hk;ls dk¡ius yxhA
mldk viuk iq= uUnky;esa xqIr :iesa ,oa ije ;Rud lkFk gS]
mld fy, mls dksbZ 'kadk ugha gS] ;g ekudj ân;esa mYykl
gksusij Hkh mldh fiz;l[kh ;'kksnkdh dU;k dald gkFkksa ekjh
tk;sxhμ,slk fopkjdj og vR;Ur O;kdy gks jgh FkhA bl
egknq%[kd òksresa mld vius iq=dh j{kkdk vkuUn cg x;kA
blfy, dk¡irh gqbZ og dkrj opuksals dalls dgus yxhμHkS;k!
vc rqEgsa dksbZ Mj ugha gS] ns[kks! bl ckj esjh dU;k gqbZ gSA bl
dU;kdk fookg rqEgkjs iq=d lkFk djkšxhA nSook.khesa lquk
Fkkμesjs vkBosa xHkZdk lUrku rqEgkjh gR;k djsxkA ijUrq ;g dU;k
rqEgkjk dksbZ vfu"V ugha djsxhA vr,o rqe O;FkZ gh L=hoèkd
ikiesa fyIr er gksvksA ns[kks] ;g lpeqp gh dU;k gSA eSa rqels
>qB ugha cksy jgh gw¡A rqeus gekjs lHkh cPpksadks ekj MkykA
vfXud leku rstLoh mu lqdekj cPpksadks vHkh Hkh eSa Hkwy ugha
ik;h gw¡] tks Hkh gks] mleü rqEgkjk dksbZ nks"k ugha gS] esjs nqnSZod
dkj.k gh esjs brus cPps ekjs x;s gSaA ijUrq vc de&ls&de rqe
eq>s bl dU;kdh fHk{kk rks ns nksA dU;kls rqEgsa izk.k lÁVdh dksbZ
'kÁk ugha gSA eSa rqEgkjh NksVh cgu gw¡] cpiuls rqeus eq>s I;kj
fd;k gS] ijUrq eSa vfr nqHkkZfxuh gw¡] vn`"V nks"kls vkt eSa
iq=&'kksdkrqj ,oa dkjkxkjesa cUnh gw¡A rqe jktkfèkjkt gks] tks bPNk
gks] lks dj ldrs gks] rqe ;fn ekjuk pkgks rks dkSu j{kk dj
ldrk gS\ HkS;k! e® rqEgkjs pj.kksaesa fxjrh gw¡] bl nqHkkZfxuhdh
vfUre dU;kdks fHk{kkesa nku ns nksûƒ&ˆû
ƒŒ@†@‰&Š þ prqFkksZ·è;k;% 377
Jh'kqd mokpμ
mixq á kRetkes o a #nR;k nhunhuor~ A
;kfprLrka fofuHkZRL;Z gLrknkfpfPNns [ky%û‰û
vUo;%μvkRetka (dU;kdks) mixqá (Nkrheü fNikdj) ,oa
(iwoksZä çdkjls) nhunhuor~ (nhuls Hkh nhughudh Hkk¡fr) #nR;k%
(jksrh gqbZ) ýnsodhdþ ;kfpr% (^bl dU;kdk nku ns nks*μbl çdkj
ckjEckj çkFkZuk djusij Hkh) [ky% (¥gò LoHkko&lEiék dalus)
fofuHkZRL;Z (nsodhdk frjLdkjdj) rka (ml dU;kdks) gLrkr~
(nsodhd gkFkls) vkfpfPNns (Nhu fy;k)û‰û
vuqoknμJh'kqdnsoth dgrs gSaμnsodhth bl izdkj dU;kdks
xksnesa fNik djd vfr'k; nhurkiwoZd jksnu djrs&djrs izkFkZuk
djus yxha] ijUrq nqjkRek dalus nsodhthdks Mk¡V&MiVdj mud
gkFkksals dU;kdks cyiwoZd Nhu fy;kû‰û
lkjkFkZn£'kuhμ,oa vusu izdkjs.k] vkRetka LodU;kesoRs ;FkZ%A nhunhuor~μ
nhuknfi nhutu bo] u rq rFkk_ rL;k% LokiR;RokHkkokr~A rkaμnsodhe~A
vkfpfPNnsμvkÏ"; txzkgû‰û
Hkkokuqoknμ^,oe~* vFkkZr~ bl izdkjlsA nsodh ^vkRetke~*
vFkkZr~ viuh dU;kdh Hkk¡fr mls vius o{k%LFkyesa nksuksa gkFkksals
fNikdj vfr'k; nhuls Hkh nhu gksdj jksrh fcy[krh gqbZ dgus
yxhA ;FkkFkZr% os nhu ugha gSa] D;küfd og dU;k mudh viuh
dU;k ugha gSA blfy, Jh'kqdnsothus ^nhuor~* dgk gSA ^rke~*μml
nsodhdks nqjkRek dalus vR;Ur Mk¡V&MiVdj mld gkFkksals
cyiwoZd ml dU;kdks Nhu fy;kû‰û
lUrku ;FkkFkZ :iesa eFkqjkesa ugha gS] og rks uUnky;esa fNik gqvk
gSA nsodhdh xksnesa fLFkr ckfydk ;'kksnkdh dU;k gksusij Hkh
nsodhus nwljsd xHkZls mRiék tkudj mldh mis{kk ugha dh ;k
mldh izk.kj{kkd fy, mnklhurk Hkh ugha fn[kk;h] nsodh mls
viuh vkRetk gh tkurh FkhA vius xHkZtkr lUrkudh j{kkd
fy, nsodhdh tSlh O;kdyrk gksrh] mlls fdlh Hkh va'kesa de
O;kdyrk mudh bl dU;kd fy, ugha FkhA
daldk Hk;Áj Lo:i ns[kdj Hk;ls foày nsodh csVhdks
o{k%LFkyesa fNikrh gqbZ rFkk nksuksa gkFkksals <ddj nhukfrnhudh
Hkk¡fr d#.kd.Bls jksrh fcy[krh gqbZ ckjEckj dU;kd izk.kküdh
fHk{kkd fy, dalls izkFkZuk djus yxhA nsodhd dkjkokldk Dys'k]
iq=dk 'kksd] Hk;ls foàyrk vkSj dU;kdh izk.kj{kkd fy,
O;kdyrk vkfn ns[kdj rks ik"kk.k ân;esa Hkh d#.kkdk l´pkj gks
tk;A mld dkrj ØUnuls ik"kk.k Hkh fi?ky tk;¡A ijUrq nqHkZkX;!
daldk ân; {k.kdkyd fy, Hkh fi?kyk ugha ;k d#.kkdk ys'kek=
Hkh mld ân;eü mfnr ugha gqvkA dal nsodhdh dkrj ØUnu&èofu
lqudj Mk¡V&MiVdj mlls dgus yxkμvjh nq"Vs! eSa D;k vius
izk.kksadh eerk NksM+dj rsjh dU;kd izk.k fHk{kkeü nw¡\ tYnh NksM+]
ugha rks rq>s Hkh dU;kd lkFk ekj Mkyw¡xkA fQj Hkh nsodh daldh
Mk¡V&MiVdh ijokg u dj dgus yxhμHkS;k! rqe igys eq>s ekj
Mkyks] fQj esjh dU;kdks ys yksA eSa izk.k jgrs dU;kdks ugha nw¡xhA
nsodhdh ckr lqudj daldh ØksèkkfXuesa ?khdh vkgqfr iM+ x;hA
dalus Øksèkls dk¡irs gq, ck¡;s gkFkls nsodhdk nkfguk gkFk NqM+kdj
nkfgus gkFkls cyiwoZd uotkr dU;kd nksuksa iSj idM+dj Nhu
fy;kA dal LokFkZflf¼dh izcy rkM+ukls vUèkk gks x;k Fkk_ izse]
izhfr] n;k&ek;k mld ân;ls fpjdkyd fy, fonk gks x;h FkhA
dal ml uotkr ckfydkd pj.k idM+dj rhoz xfrls
nsodhdh dksBjhls ckgj vk;k ,oa mldk eLrd pw.kZ&fopw.kZ
djusd fy, vfr osxls iRFkjdh pêkuij iVd fn;kA ijUrq
ns[krs&gh&ns[krs ,d vfuoZpuh;] vykSfdd ?kVuk ?kVhA pêkuij
ƒŒ@†@‰&ƒ… þ prqFkksZ·è;k;% 383
r;kfHkfgrekd.;Z da l % ijefofLer%A
ns o dha olq n s o ´p foeq P ; çfJrks · cz o hr~ û ƒ†û
vUo;%μr;k (ml nsoh nqxkZdh) vfHkfgra (dgh gqbZ ckrküdks)
vkd.;Z (lqudj) ijefofLer% (ije vk'p;Z;qä gksdj) dal%
(dal) nsod° olqnso´p (nsodh&olqnsodks) foeqP; (dkjkxkjls
eqädj) çfJr% (gkFk tksMd
+ j fouhr Hkkols) vczrhr~ (cksyk)ûƒ†û
vuqoknμnsohdh ;g ckr lqudj vR;Ur vk'p;Zpfdr
gksdj dalus nsodh vkSj olqnsothdks cUèkuls eqä dj fn;k vkSj
fou; Hkkols dgus yxkμûƒ†û
lkjkFkZn£'kuhμijefofLer%μdFka ekuq";k nsoD;k xHksZ nqxkZ nsoh
tkrk\ dFka ok nSoh&okxu`rkHkwr~\ bfrûƒ†û
Hkkokuqoknμ^ijefofLer%* vFkkZr~ daldks bl ckrdk cM+k
foLe; gqvk fd dls ,d ekuoh nsodhd xHkZls nqxZknsohdk tUe
gqvk\ vkSj og vkdk'kok.kh >qBh dls gks x;h\ bl fpUrkls dal
vR;Ur O;kdy gks mBkûƒ†û
v"VHkqtk nsoh D;k eq>dks {kek djsaxh\ eSa mud ekrk&firkdk 'k=q
gw¡A os fuf'pr gh eq>s leqfpr n.M iznku djsaxhA u tkus] dkSu&ls
iq.;&izrkid dkj.k vHkh Hkh esjh e`R;q ugha gqbZ gSA mu
v"VHkqtkd gkFkksaesa e®us ftu fnO;kL=ksadks ns[kk] muesals ;fn os
fdlh ,d vL=dk Hkh izgkj djsa rks vuqpjkü lfgr ge lcdks
ekjdj ;ed Hkouesa Hkst nsaxhA mud ,d gh ink?kkrls eSa vèkejk
gks x;kA vr% tSls Hkh gks] vc nsodh vkSj olqnsodks fdlh
izdkjls izlék djuk esjk ije dÙkZO; gSA D;küfd mudh Ïikls ;fn
esjs izk.kksadh j{kk gks tk; rks vPNk gS] ugha rks nwljk dksbZ mik;
ugha nh[krk gSA
dal rc foyEc u dj dkjkxkjesa tk igqp ¡ k rFkk nsodh&olqnos dks
eqä djrs gq, fouhr Hkkols dgus yxkμcfgu nsodh! cguksbZ
olqnsoth! vkiyksx egkRek gSaA esjs tSlk egkikih fo'o czãk.Mesa
dksbZ ugha gSA eSaus jk{kldh Hkk¡fr vkid cgqrls cPpksadh gR;k dh
gSA
izkphu dkyesa jk{kl vius cPpksadks [kk tkrs FksA ,d fnu
ikoZrhus fdlh jk{kldks vius f'k'kq&lUrkudks [kkrs gq, ns[kkA rc
mUgksaus vuqxzgdj mu cPpksadh thou&j{kkd fy, dgkμvktls
jk{kl&ckyd tUe ysusd lkFk&lkFk iw.kZ vo;o;qä rFkk izpqj
cy'kkyh gksaxsA ml fnuls jk{kl vius cPpksadks [kk ugha ikrs gSaA
D;küfd dalus vius cgud cPpksadk fouk'k fd;k gS] blfy, og
vuqrIr gksdj eu&gh&eu dgus yxkμeSaus jk{kldh Hkk¡fr
ckydksadh gR;k dh gSA cgud vkSj vius lUrkuesa Hksn u djrs
gq, dalus viusdks jk{klrqY; dgk gSA vius rqPN izk.kksadh eerkls
esjs ân;ls èkeZcqf¼ nwj gks x;h FkhA olqnsoth esjs cguksbZ gSa] nsod
esjs pkpkth gSa] ;knox.k esjs cUèkq&ckUèko gSa] ijUrq eSaus fdlhd
lkFkesa lÚkouk ugha j[khA ;k fdlhdh vis{kk Hkh ugha dh]
bPNkuq:i ikideZ fd;sA u tkus ejusd ckn esjh dkSuls ujdesa
xfr gksxhA czã?kkrh egkikihdk egkjkSjo vkfn ujdksaesa Hkksxls
ikils fu"Ïfr gksrh gS] ijUrq esjs Li'kZls rks ujd Hkh nwf"kr gks
394 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@†@ƒ†&„†
tk;sxkA esjs bl thoudk dN Hkh ewY; ugha gSA eSa thfor gksdj
Hkh e`r gw¡A vius ije vknj rFkk Lusgdh ik=h cgu nsodhd
fookg&mRloesa eSa tc Lo;a jFk pykdj mls ifrd x`gesa NksM+us
tk jgk Fkk] ,sls le;esa nSook.kh lqudj ;g tku ik;k fd]
nsodhd vkBosa xHkZdk lUrku eq>s ekjsxkA mld i'pkr~ ukjnls
Hkh ;g lquk fd nsorkvksaus eq>s tkuls ekjusd fy, "kM~;U=dj
;nqdyesa tUe xzg.k fd;k gS ,oa esjs iwoZ 'k=q fo".kq nsodhd
vkBosa xHkZls tUe xzg.kdj eq>s ekj MkysxkA izk.kksadh eerk lcd
fy, LokHkkfod gSA blfy, eSa izk.kküd Hk;ls Hkhr gksdj yksd
vkSj ijyksddh vis{kk u dj bl egk ikikpj.k vkSj vkReh;&tuküd
æksgesa izo`Ùk gqvkA
esjh èkkj.kk Fkh fd ekuo t:jr iM+usij >wB cksyrk gS]
ijUrq nsork dHkh >wB ugha cksyrs gSaA ^lR;eso nsok vu`ra
euq";k%*μ,slk Jqfr&okD; gSA ijUrq vc ns[k jgk gw¡ fd nsork Hkh
>wB cksyus yxs gSaA eSaus Hkh nSook.khesa fo'okldj fdruk Hk;Áj
ddeZ fd;kA fcuk dkj.k gh viuh cgudh lUrkuksadks ekj MkykA
cfgeZq[k thoksadk LoHkko ;g gS fd tc rd lkeF;Z gS] rc
rd os fdlh izdkj >qdrs ugha gSaA tc mud lkeF;Zls ckgjdh
ckr gks tkrh gS] rc os >qdrs gSaA rc mudh èkeZ&cqf¼ nh[krh
gSA vius fd;s ikiksad fy, mud eueü fopkj vkrk gS vkSj mud
fy, mUgü i'pkrki Hkh gksrk gSA dal vkdk'k&xkfeuh v"VHkqtk
nsohdks ns[kdj le> x;k fd djksM+ksa dal feydj mud
dVk{k&ck.kdk osx Hkh lgu ugha dj ldrsA blfy, dal vc
olqnso&nsodhd lehi >qd x;k] mldh èkeZ&cqf¼ izdkf'kr gqbZ ,oa
og vius fd;s gq, ikiksad fy, vuqrki djus yxkA
dalus vius fd;s gq, ikiksad fy, vuqrki djrs gq, nsodh
vkSj olqnsod fudV rÙodFkk dguk izkjEHk dj fn;kA ^vkRekdk
fouk'k ugha gS* ^,dek= czã gh lR; gS vkSj lc dN feF;k gS*A
,slh rÙodFkk cfgeZq[k thoksadks vrho jkspd vkSj lq[kdj izrhr
gksrh gSA os vius ikikpj.kdks <dusd fy, bu lc rÙodFkkvksadk
ƒŒ@†@ƒ†&„† þ prqFkksZ·è;k;% 395
iz;ksx djrs gSaA vko';d iM+usij nwljksadks mins'k Hkh fn;k djrs
gSaA ijUrq Lo;a dHkh Hkh mldk ikyu ugha djrs gSaA 'k=qrko'kr%
fdlhdks Hkh ekj ldrs g® ;k viuh ftàkdh r`fIrd fy, thoküdh
gR;k dj nsrs g®A cfgeZq[k tho ,slk dgrk gSμ^vkRekdk fouk'k
ugha gS] dksbZ fdlhdk oèk ugha dj ldrk gSA lcdN czãe; gS*A
og Lo;a vèkeZesa vklä jgdj Hkh cM+k èkk£ed cu tkrk gSA
Ny&dkS'kyls nwljksadk èku vkfn gj.k djusd ckn cfgeZq[k
O;fä;ksadk rÙoKku mn; gksrk gSμ,dek= czã gh lR; gS]
viuk&ijk;k Hksn&Kku djuk vKku&dfYir gSA
bl le; daldk Hkko Hkh ,slk gh gSA tc mlus nSook.khls
lquk Fkk fd nsodhd v"Ve xHkZdk lUrku mldk izk.kuk'k djsxk]
rc mls ^vkRekdk fouk'k ugha gS* ;g rÙodFkk Lej.k ugha FkhA
ijUrq nsodhd Ng lUrkuksadh gR;kdj mlus mins'k nsuk vkjEHk
dj fn;k fd ^vkRekdk fouk'k ugha gS*] ^lHkh viuk&viuk
deZQy Hkksx djrs gSa] dksbZ fdlhdk oèk ugha dj ldrk] dksbZ
fdlhdk vfu"V Hkh ugha dj ldrkA*
dal nsodh vkSj olqnsols dgus yxkμgs olqnsoth! gs cgu
nsodh! rqe yksxksadks D;k dgw¡] rqe yksx rks ije cqf¼eku gksA
thod tUe] e`R;q] lq[k] nq%[kμlHkh rÙoksasdks tkurs gksA rqEgkjs
cgqr&ls iq= ekjs x;s gSa] mud fy, 'kksd ;k nq%[k er djks]
D;ksafd thoek= gh vius&vius deZd vuq:i Qydk Hkksx djrs
gSaA iq=] dU;k] firk] ekrk vkfnd lkFk fpjdky rd ,d lkFk
fuokl djuk lEHko ugha gSA vius&vius deZQyls dkSu dgk¡
tkrk gS] ;g dksbZ fu.kZ; ugha dj ldrk gSA
fefêls ?kV vkfndh mRifÙk gksrh gS ,oa fQj mudk fouk'k
gksrk gS] ijUrq ?kV vkfndh mRifÙk vkSj fouk'kls fefêdh mRifÙk
;k fouk'k ugha gksrk gSA blh izdkj vkRekdk Hkh cgqr&ls nsgksad
lkFk la;ksx vkSj fo;ksx gksrk gS] ijUrq mlls vkRekdk dN Hkh
curk&fcxM+rk ugha gSA tks vkRekdks vfouk'kh ugha tkurk] og
nsgdks gh vkRek le>rk gSA
396 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@†@ƒ†&„†
Jh'kqd mokpμ
dal ,oa çlékkH;ka fo'kq¼a çfrHkkf"kr%A
nsodholqnsokH;keuqKkrks·fo'kn~x`ge~ û„Šû
vUo;%μJhÓkqd mokp (JhÓkqdnsothus dgk) çlékkH;ka (çlék
fpÙk) nsodh&olqnsokH;ka (nsodh vkSj olqnso) ,oa (iwoksZä çdkjls)
foÓkq¼a (fu"diV Hkkols) çfrHkkf"kr% (dalls vknj lfgr lEHkk"k.kdj)
vuqKkr% (?kj tkusd fy, vknsÓk nsusij) dal% (dal) x`ga (vius
oklLFkkudks) vfoÓkr~ (pyk x;k)û„Šû
vuqoknμJh'kqdnsothus dgkμnsodh ,oa olqnsothd izlék
gksdj bl izdkjd opuküls fu"diV :ils daldks lkURouk nsusij
dal mudh vuqefr ysdj vius Hkouesa pyk x;kû„Šû
lkjkFkZn£'kuhμfoÓkq¼aμvdiVa ;Fkk L;kr~A foòCèkfefr ikBs
lfoÓokle~û„Šû
Hkkokuqoknμ^foÓkq¼a* vFkkZr~ vdiV :ilsA ^foòCèke~* ikB
gksusls vFkZ gksxkμfoÓokl&lfgrû„Šû
Hkkoizdkf'kdk o`fÙkμdal ^ijksins'kesa ikf.MR;* dk izdk'kdj
olqnso vkSj nsodhdks tc rd rÙodFkk lquk jgk Fkk] rc rd
400 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@†@„‡&„Š
e`R;q ns[kdj ge liZdks ?kkrd ,oa euq";dks ekjk x;k gS] ,slk
ekurs gSa_ ijUrq ;FkkFkZ :iesa gekjs çkjCèk deZd Qynkrk
Hkxoku~dh izsj.kkls gh liZ na'ku djrk gS vkSj euq"; ejrk gSA
vKkuls vUèk tho 'kksd] g"kZ] Hk;] }s"k] yksHk] eksg] en vkfn
ekufld fodkjksad o'khHkwr gksdj JhHkxoku~dk dÙkZ`Ro u le>dj
vius Åij dÙkZ`Rodk Hkkj ysdj lq[k&nq%[kesa fotfM+r gks tkrk
gSA
olqnso vkSj nsodh] vius dkjkokl ,oa iq=uk'k vkfndks
vius&vius deZQyd vuqlkj Hkxoku~dk gh nku ekudj dald
izfr vizlék ugha gq,A blfy, mUgküus lknj vkSj fo'okliw.kZ
lEHkk"k.kd }kjk daldks izlékdj izk;% jkf=dk vfUre dky vk;k
ns[kdj daldks ?kjesa ykSV tkusdk vkns'k fn;kA dalus Hkh dN
vk'oLr gksdj vius jktHkoud fy, izLFkku fd;kû„‡&„Šû
bfr JheÚkxord nÓke&LdUèkd prqFkZ vè;k;dh
HkkoçdkfÓkdk o`fÙk lekIrA
rL;ka jk«;ka O;rhrk;ka dal vkgw; efU=.k%A
rsH; vkp"V rRlo± ;nqäa ;ksxfuæ;kû„‹û
vUo;%μrL;ka jk«;ka (Hkkæ Ï".kk"Veh jtuhd) O;rhrk;ka
(chrusij) dal% (dalus) efU=.k% (dÓkh&çyEc&pk.kwj vkfndks)
vkgw; (cqykdj) ;ksxfuæ;k (;ksxek;kd }kjk) ;r~ mäa (^rqEgkjk
vUr djusokyk vU;= tUe ys pqdk gS*μ,slk tks dgk x;k) rr~
lo± (ml lEiw.kZ fooj.kdks) rsH;% (mu efU=;küd fudV) vkp"V
(dg lquk;k)û„‹û
vuqoknμrRiÓpkr~ ml jkf=d chr tkusij dalus vius
eaf=;ksadks cqykdj ^rqEgkjk fouk'kd fdlh vU; LFkkuij iSnk gks
x;k gS* vkfn opu ;ksxek;kus tSls dgk Fkk] og lc mUgsa dg
lquk;kû„‹û
402 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@†@…Œ&…ƒ
¥d {kse'kwjSfoZcqèkSjla;qxfodRFkuS%A
jgkstq"kk ¥d gfj.kk 'kEHkquk ok oukSdlkA
fdfeUæs . kkYioh;s Z . k cz ã .kk ok riL;rkû…ˆû
vUo;%μ{kseÓkwjS% (vius ?kjeü gh ohjrk fn[kykusokys)
vla;qxfodRFkuS% (j.k{ks=dks NksM+dj vU;= ;q¼dh piyrk
fn[kykusokys) focqèkS% (nsorkvküd }kjk) ¥d (D;k gks ldrk gS\)
jgkstq"kk (rqEgkjs Hk;ls futZu LFkkueü jgusokys) gfj.kk (fo".kq) ¥d
(D;k dj ldrk gS\) oukSdlk (ouoklh) ÓkEHkq.kk (ÓkÁj) ok
(D;k dj ldrk gS\) vYioh;sZ.k (ghucy) bUæs.k (nsojkt) ¥d
(D;k dj ldrk gS\) riL;rk (riksfu"B) czã.kk (prqjkuu czãk)
ok (D;k dj ldrk gS\)û…ˆû
vuqoknμnsorkyksx rks cl ;q¼{ks=ls vyx tgk¡ dksbZ
yM+kbZ&>xM+k u gks] ogha cM+h&cM+h Mhaxü gk¡drs gSa vkSj fuHkZ;
izns'kesa gh ohjrkdk izdk'k dj ldrs gSa] ,sls nsorkvksals gesa D;k
Hk;\ fo".kq loZnk leLr izkf.k;ksad vUr%dj.kesa gh ,dkUresa okl
djrk gS] f'ko loZnk ouesa gh jgrk gS] bUæ furkUr gh nqcZy gS
,oa czãk lnSo riL;kesa jr jgrk gS_ vr% gesa muls dksbZ Hk;
ugha gSû…ˆû
lkjkFkZn£'kuhμo;Urq rsH;% dnkfi u fcHkhe bR;kgq%μ{kses fuHkZ;s
ns'ks] 'kwjS%A la;qxknU;=So] fodRFkua izkSf<+oknks] ;s"kka rS%A u p gjs% 'kEHkksokZ
HksrO;a] r;ksjfi RoÙkqY;cyRokHkkokr~] bR;kgq%μjgkst"q ksfrA ^;fn cya L;kr~] rnk
fdfefr izdVhHkw; u ;q¼îrs\ fdfefr yksdkukeUr%dj.ks"kq izfo'; fuÊq;r\*
bfr Hkko%A oukSdlk iq#"kços'kjfgrfeyko`roueksdks ;L;] rsuû…ˆû
Hkkokuqoknμegkjkt! vki gh doy Mj jgs gSa] fdUrq
geyksx rks muls dHkh Mjrs ugha g®] bls dgusd fy, ^{kseÓkwjS%*
vkfn Óyksd dg jgs g®A ^{kse* vFkkZr~ fuHkZ; çnsÓkeü ^ÓkwjS%* vFkkZr~
406 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@†@…ˆ&…‰
ftudh Ókwjrk gSA tks nsork j.kHkwfe NksM+dj ,dkUr futZu LFkkuesa
tkdj viuk ohjRo izdk'k djrs gSa ,oa fL=;ksad lehi vius&vius
'kkS;Z&oh;Z vkfndk c[kku djrs gSa] ,sls nsorkvksals D;k Mj\ vkSj
gfj ;k 'kEHkqls Hkh Mjusdh dksbZ ckr gh ugha gSA mudk cy ikS#"k
Hkh vkid tSlk ugha gSA tks vkid Hk;ls lnk ,dkUr LFkkuküesa
fNi&fNidj jgrs gSaA ß;fn muesa cy gksrk] rks os lkeus vkdj
D;ksa ugha ;q¼ djrs\ D;kü yksxküd vUrdj.keü çosÓkdj fNik
djrs g®\Þ] ;g Hkko gSA ^oukSdlk* vFkkZr~ 'kEHkq rks vkid Hk;ls
iq#"k&çosÓkls jfgr ^byko`r* uked fdlh tÂyesa tkdj fNik
gqvk gSA tgk¡ dksbZ iq#"k izos'k djusij og L=h cu tkrk gSA ,sls
lc fNiusokys] ou&tÂyesa jgusokyksals fdl ckrdk Hk; gS\û…ˆû
rFkkfi nsok% lkiRU;kékksis{;k bfr eUegsA
rrLrUewy[kuus fu;q³~{okLekuuqozrku~û…‰û
vUo;%μrFkkfi (;|fi nsork vfr rqPN g®] fQj Hkh) nsok%
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cyÓkkyh gksusij Hkh mis{kkd fo"k; ug°) bfr eUegs (,slk ge
le>rs g®) rr% (vr,o) rUewy[kuus (nsorkvküdks tM+ls m[kkM+uds
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gekjh jk; gSA D;ksafd vkf[kjdkj os gekjs 'k=q gh gSaA vr% mUgü
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juqlj.kh;So] bR;kgq%μrFkkihfrû…‰û
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djuh pkfg;s*μbl uhfr&ÓkkL=dh jhfrdk vuqlj.k djuk gh
pkfg;s] blhfy, ^rFkkfi* bR;kfn Óyksd dg jgs g®û…‰û
ƒŒ@†@…Š&…‹ þ prqFkksZ·è;k;% 407
rs oS jt%çÏr;Lrelk ew<+psrl%A
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vkxre`R;o% (vklék e`R;qokys) rs oS (dal&çsfjr nSR;x.k) lrka
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jtksxq.k LoHkkookys dald vuqpjksaus rRdky lTtuksadk mRihM+u
djuk vkjEHk dj fn;kû†‡û
lkjkFkZn£'kuhμHkhra jktkuekÓokl;frμvkjkfnR;kfnukû†‡û
bfr lkjkFkZn£'kU;ka g£"k.;ka Hkäpsrlke~A
prqFkksZ n'kes LdUèks lÂr% lÂr% lrke~û
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prqFkksZ·è;k;L; lkjkFkZn£Ókuh Vhdk lekIrkû†û
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fo}s"k djusij e`R;q vfuok;Z gSû†‡û
412 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@†@†‡&†ˆ
Jh'kqd mokpμ
uUnLRokRet mRiéks tkrkÍknks egkeuk%A
vkgw; foçku~ osnKku~ Lukr% 'kqfpjy³~Ïr%ûƒû
okpf;Rok LoLR;;ua tkrdekZRetL; oSA
dkj;kekl fofèkor~ fir`nsokpZua rFkkû„û
vUo;%μJhÓkqd mokp (JhÓkqdnso xksLokehus dgk) egkeuk%
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djk;kûƒ&„û
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jkLrseü) ÓkkSjs% (olqnsodk) op% (opu) u e`"kk (>wB ug° gks
ldrk) bfr (bl çdkj) fofpUr;u~ (fpUrk djrs gq,) mRikrkxeÓkfÁr%
(nSR;küd }kjk xksdyeü u tkus dkSu&lk mRikr gks ldrk gS] ,slh
vkÓkÁkls Hk;Hkhr gksdj) g¥j (vius b"Vnso loZHk;gkjh Jhukjk;.kd)
Ókj.ka txke (euls gh mud pj.kküeü Ókj.kkxr gq,)ûƒû
vuqoknμJh'kqdnso xksLokehus dgkμ(gs jktu~!) egkjkt
uUn jkLrseü bl izdkj lkspus yxs fd olqnsothd opu dHkh Hkh
feF;k ug° gks ldrsA lEHkor% xksdyeü dksbZ mRikr gks jgk gks]
bl çdkj ml mRikrd vkxeudh vk'kÁkls Hk;Hkhr gksdj
eu&gh&eu os loZHk;uk'kd vius b"Vnso Jhgfjd 'kj.kkxr gks
x;sûƒû
eFkqjkls xksdydh vksj okil ykSV jgs g®A mud lkFk vU; xksix.k
Hkh i`Fkd~&i`Fkd~ xkfM+;küeü cSBdj py jgs g®A mud vkxs&ihNs
vL=èkkjh vÂj{kd vkSj lcls vkxs eÓkkyèkkjh ifjpkjdx.k
eÓkkydh lgk;rkls ekxZ fn[kk jgs g®A lHkh ÓkkUr g®] fdlhd
eq[keü dksbZ ÓkCn ug° gS rFkk lHkh Ókh?kzxfrls xksdydh vksj c<+
jgs g®A
olqnsothus dgk gSμ^xksdyeü dksbZ mRikr gks ldrk gS*]
blfy, lHkh JhuUnuUnud fy, fpfUrr g®A JhuUnckck viuh
cSyxkM+heü v¼ZÓkkf;r voLFkkeü us= ew¡ndj ysVs g®A dHkh&dHkh
mBdj jkLrsdh vksj n`f"V Mkydj ns[krs g® fd vc xksdy fdruh
nwj gSA olqnsothdh ckr ckjEckj Lej.k gksusd dkj.k mudh
vk¡[kküeü u°n vkSj eueü ÓkkfUr ug° gSA blfy, os ßgs ukjk;.k!
j{kk djks!Þ dgdj yEch&yECkh lk¡l ysdj èkhjsls vius
dynsorkls çkFkZuk djrs gq, eu&gh&eu fpUrk djus yxs fd
olqnsothdh ckr >wB ug° gks ldrh gSA nqjkRek dal] oztd vfr
fudVeü gh fLFkr gSA vlqj] jk{kl vkfn mld vuqpj fofHkék
LFkkuküeü çtkdk mRihM+u dj jgs g®] ;g lekpkj çk;% gh lquusdks
feyrk jgrk gSA ijUrq mUgküus vc rd ozteü dksbZ vR;kpkj ug°
fd;k] ;g doy Jhukjk;.kdh gh Ïik gSA vr% mud vfrfjä
bl foifÙkeü dksbZ nwljk j{kk ug° dj ldrkA
mUg°dh Ïikls e®us iq=jRu çkIr fd;k gSA vc ;fn os gh
j{kk djü] rks fQj xksdyeü ykSVdj vius iq=dk eq[k ns[k ikÅ¡xkA
JhuUn egkjkt] xksdyls eFkqjk tkrs le; ;Ókksnkdh xksn:ih
ljksojeü çLQfVr uhydey&ln`Ók vius thoud thou&Lo:i
iq=dks ns[kdj vk;s Fks] bl le; ckjEckj mud eueü ogh n`Ó;
mfnr gksus yxkA os eu&gh&eu lkspus yxs] nq"V dald eudh
LkUrqf"Vd fy, ?kj NksM+dj geus cqjk fd;kA D;küfd] ;fn og #"V
gksdj esjk oztdk jkT; Nhu ysrk] rks vius iq=jRudks Nkrhls
yxkdj e® xàjoueü tkdj fuokl djrk vkSj fHk{kk&vékls thou
èkkj.k djrkA fdUrq gk;! ;fn esjs thou&èku&Lo:i iq=dk dksbZ
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mUgküus us= cUn dj fy;sA iwruk NùosÓkeü vk;h FkhA ;fn Hkxoku~
mldh vksj ns[krs rks mldk LokHkkfod Lo:i çdkfÓkr gks tkrk
vkSj ,slk gksusij ;Ókksnk eS;k Hk;Hkhr gks tkrhA blfy, JhÏ".kus
mldh vksj u ns[kdj us= cUn dj fy;sA
(†) ^ekr`Hkkon£Ókdk;kLrL;k% LodÙkZ`doèks yTtkuqRiÙ;So*
vFkkZr~ ekr`Hkkodk nÓkZu djkusokyh vFkkZr~ ekr`osÓk èkkfj.kh
iwrukdk oèk djuseü ekuks Hkxoku~ Lo;a yfTtr gks x;sA bl
yTtkd dkj.k mUgküus us= cUn dj fy;sA
(‡) ^rUej.koSdY;&nÓkZukHkkok; p* vFkkZr~ iwrukdks e`R;qd
le; tks ;U=.kk gksxh mls os viuh vk¡[kküls ns[kuk ug° pkgrsA
;|fi os n.Mnkrk g®] fdUrq fQj Hkh vfRk'k; d#.kke; g®A
vU;k;d fy, mls n.M nüxs] fdUrq mld ej.kdkydh ;U=.kk u
ns[k ldusd dkj.k mUgküus vius us= cUn dj fy;sA
bld i'pkr~ iwrukus ^vuUra vkjksi;sr~ vÁa* vFkkZr~ vuUr
(JhÏ".k) dks xksneü mBk fy;kA ^vUrda*μtks vius foukÓkdk
dkj.k gS] mUgüμ;gk¡ JhHkxoku~us viuh lagkfjdkÓkfädks lsokdk
volj çnku fd;kA ftudk nsÓk vkSj dkyeü dksbZ vUr ug° gS]
mUg° ^vuUr* dks xksneü mBk fy;k] ;g vFkZ gSA ;gk¡ fojksèk }kjk
vÚqrjl çdkfÓkr gqvk gSA iqu% ^vUrda* vkSj ^vuUra*μ;s nksukü
ÓkCn fojksèkh g®A ftl çdkj lks;s gq, liZdks dksbZ O;fä ^vcq¼îk*
vFkkZr~ vYicqf¼d dkj.k jLlh le>dj idM+ ysrk gS] oSls gh
iwrukus Hkh vUrd (nq"Vküdk vUr djusokys) ml vuUrdks
lkekU; ckyd tkudj xksneü mBk fy;kûŠû
Hkh n;k ;k eerkdk ysÓk ug° fey ldrk FkkA fdUrq mldk
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O;ogkj ns[kdj dksbZ Hkh mld ân;dh ckr le> ug° ldkA
mlus bl çdkjls uUnuUnudks mBkdj xksneü èkkj.k fd;k] ekuks
ogh mldh tuuh gSA fdlhd ân;eü D;k gS vkSj ckgjeü D;k]
bldk vuqeku djuk vR;Ur dfBu gSA ftl çdkj vR;Ur lqUnj
peZe; E;kudks ns[kdj ;g eueü ug° vkrk fd bld Hkhrj çk.k
gj.kdkjh rh{.k ryokj gSA mlh çdkj iwrukd ekr`Hkkodk lkSUn;Z R
ns[kdj mld ân;dh ¥glko`fÙkdks dksbZ le> ug° ldkA
,d vifjfpr je.kh ?kjeü çosÓkdj iq=dks xksnheü ysdj
fdruk Lusg dj jgh gS] ;g ns[kdj ;Ókksnk vkSj jksfg.khdks dN
Hkh lUnsg ug° gqvkA mUgküus rks ;gh le>k fd eueü fdlh
çdkjdk dfopkj jgusij dksbZ fu%ladksp fdlhd ?kjeü çosÓk ug°
dj ldrkA foÓks"kdj ftldh vÂT;ksfrls ?kjdk vUèkdkj nwj gks
x;k] mld ân;eü dksbZ dfopkj&:i vU/kdkj dls jg ldrk gS\
^;=kÏfrLr= xq.kk olfUr* vFkkZr~ ftldh vkÏfr vFkkZr~ :i lqUnj
gksrk gS] og låq.kküls Hkh ;qä gksrk gSA
iwruk JhÏ".kdks xksnheü ysdj ,slk OkkRlY;Hkko fn[kkus yxh
fd mldk O;ogkj ns[kdj ;Ókksnk vkSj jksfg.khdks fdlh çdkjdk
lUnsg gksuk rks nwj] os lkspus yx° fdμ;g je.kh gh D;k bl
ckyddh tuuh gS\ iwrukdk O;ogkj ns[kdj ;Ókksnkth lkspus
yx° fd iq=dk ykyu&ikyu fdl çdkj fd;k tkrk gS] e® rks
bl lEcUèkeü dN Hkh ug° tkurh] ;g je.kh gh ;FkkFkZ
okRlY;erh gSA Jhukjk;.kdh Ïikls e®us iq=jRu rks ykHk fd;k
gS] fdUrq eq>eü iq=&ikyudh dksbZ ;ksX;rk ug° gSû‰&‹û
rL;k% LousukfrxHkhj&jaglk]
lkfæeZgh |kS'p ppky lxzgkA
jlk fn'k'p çfrusfnjs tuk%]
isrq% f{krkS otzfuikr'kÁ;kûƒ„û
502 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@ˆ@ƒŒ&ƒ„ ƒ Œ
vUo;%μrL;k% (ml iwrukd) vfrxHkhjjaglk (çp.M osxÓkkyh)
Lousu (jksusd ÓkCnls) lkfæ% (ioZr lfgr) egh (i`Foh) p (vkSj)
lxzgk (lw;Z vkfn uoxzg lfgr) |kS% (vUrfj{k) ppky (fopfyr
gks mBs) ý,oaþ jlk% (jlkrykfn) fnÓk'p (vkSj nlkü fnÓkk,¡)
çfrusfnjs (x¡t
w us yx°) tuk% (oztoklhtu) otzfuikrÓkÁ;k (otzikrd
Hk;ls) f{krkS (Hkwfeij) ýew£PNr gksdjþ isrq% (fxjus yxs)ûƒ„û
vuqoknμml iwruk jk{klhd fpYykusdk ÓkCn cM+k gh
Hk;Áj FkkA mldh Hk;Áj /ofud izHkkols igkM+ksad lkFk i`Foh
vkSj xzgksad lkFk vkdk'k Mxexk x;kA lEiw.kZ i`Foh vkSj fn'kk,¡
xw¡t mBha vkSj cgqr&ls yksx otzikrdh vk'kÁkls i`Fohij ew£PNr
gksdj fxj iM+sûƒ„û
lkjkFkZn£Ókuhμjlk%μjlkrykfu pûƒ„û
Hkkokuqoknμ^jlk%*μjlkry vkfnûƒ„û
Hkkoçdkf'kdk o`fÙkμiwruk uUnky;eü uUnuUnudks xksnheü
ysdj mldh Ók¸;kd fdukjs ,d vksj cSBh Fkh ,oa ;Ókksnk vkSj
jksfg.kh ,d vksj [kM+h gksdj fofLer Hkkols iwrukdk okRlY;&
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ckgj vk¡xueü [kM+s gksdj lksp jgs Fksμ;g fuf'pr~ gh y{ehnsoh
gküxh] bleü dksbZ lUnsg ug° gSA bld x`geü çosÓk djusls fuf'pr
gh oztjktuUnudks loZ&lEin ykHk gksxhA
iwruk eu&gh&eu fpUrk djus yxh] vc foyEc djusls esjs
dk;Zeü ckèkk mRiék gksxhA jkf=d nks çgj O;rhr gks pqd g®A vkt
gh xksdyd lHkh cPpküdk foukÓk djuk gSA vr,o foyEc u
djd vius dk;Zeü ço`Ùk gksuk mfpr gSA ;g lkspdj iwrukus
èkhjs&èkhjs uUnuUnudks xksnheü mBkdj mld eq[keü viuk Lru
viZ.k fd;kA iwrukd Lruls rhoz fo"kèkkjk fudyus yxhA og fo"k
vR;Ur rhoz Fkk] mld LiÓkZek=ls gh ckydküd çk.k fudy tkrs
FksA uUnuUnud ftl Jhv ,oa Jheq[k&ekèkq;Zls JhuUn&;Ókksnk
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ƒŒ@ˆ@ƒŒ&ƒ„ þ "k"Bks·/;k;% 503
bZ"kkek=ksxzna"VªkL;a fxfjdUnjukflde~A
x.M'kSyLrua jkSæa çdh.kkZ#.kewèkZte~ûƒ‡û
vUèkd i xHkhjk{ka iq f yukjks g &Hkh"k.ke~ A
c¼lsrqHkqtksoZ³~f?kz 'kwU;rks;Înksnje~ûƒˆû
lUr=lq% Le r}h{; xksik xksI;% dysoje~A
iwoZUrq rfék%Lofur&fHkékâRd.kZeLrdk%ûƒ‰û
vUo;%μbZ"kkek=ksxzna"VkªL;a (iwrukd nk¡r gyd Qky tSls
egkmxz) fxfjdUnjukflda (ioZrdh xqQkd leku foÓkky ukfldk)
x.MÓkSyLrua (NksVs ioZrküd leku Lru&;qxy) çdh.kkZ#.kewèkZte~
(bèkj&mèkj fc[kjs gq, yky dÓk) vUèkdixHkhjk{ka (vUèks d¡,d
leku xgjs us=) iqfyukjksgHkh"k.ka (unh&rVdh Hkk¡fr vfr Hk;Áj
ta?kk) ÓkwU;rks;Înksnja (tyfoghu rkykcdh Hkk¡fr mnj) c¼lsrHq kwtkso³
Z f~ ?kz
(c¼lsrqdh Hkk¡fr nks m:] nks iSj vkSj nks Hkqtk,¡) rr~ (,sls) jkSæa
(Hkh"k.k) dysoja (iwrukdk Ókjhj) oh{; (ns[kdj) ýrFkkþ iwo± rq
(iwrukdk Ókjhj nÓkZuls igys) rfék%Lofur&fHkékâRd.kZeLrdk% (mldk
xHkhj jksnu&Loj lqudj ftud ân;] dku vkSj eLrd QV jgs
Fks] os) xksik (oztoklh xksix.k) ývkSjþ xksI;% (oztoklh xksfi;k¡)
lUr=lq% Le (ije vkÓkÁk;qä gks x;s)ûƒ‡&ƒ‰û
vuqoknμmldk 'kjhj cM+k gh Hk;kud FkkA mldk eq[k
gyd Qkyd leku rh{.k nk<+ksals ;qä Fkk] ukfldkd fNæ ioZrdh
xqQkvküd leku xgjs] nksuksa Lru ioZrdh pksfV;ksals fxjs gq,
f'kyk[k.Mksad leku fo'kky Fks] rkez (yky) o.kZd fc[kjs gq,
cky FksA mldh nksuksa vk¡[ksa vUèks d,¡d leku xgjh] furEc
unhd rVd leku Hkh"k.k rFkk Hkqtk,¡] tk¡?ksa vkSj nksuksa iSj unhd
ck¡èkksad leku ,oa isV tyjfgr ljksojd leku FkkA igys mld
Hkh"k.k 'kCnls xksi ,oa xksikÂukvksad ân;] d.kZ vkSj eLrd
fonh.kZls gks x;s Fks] fQj mld bl izdkjd Hk;Áj 'kjhjdks
ns[kdj os yksx vR;fèkd Hk;Hkhr gks x;sûƒ‡&ƒ‰û
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j{kk djü] pkjkü dksukaseü ÓkÌèkkjh m#xk; rqEgkjh j{kk djü] misUæ
rqEgkjs Åijdh vksj] x#M+okgu Jhgfj rqEgkjs uhps ,oa gyèkkjh
iq#"k rqEgkjh lHkh fnÓkkvküeü j{kk djüû„…û
bfUæ;kf.k â"khd'k% çk.kku~ ukjk;.kks·orqA
Óosr}hiifrf'pÙka euks ;ksxsÓojks·orqû„†û
vUo;%μâ"khdÓk% (leLr bfUæ;küd vfèk"Bkrk) bfUæ;kf.k
(p{kq% vkfn bfUæ;küdh) ukjk;.k% (ukjk;.k) çk.kku~ (rqEgkjs
çk.kküdh) vorq (j{kk djü) 'osr}hiifr% ('osr}hid vfèkifr)
fpÙka (fpÙkdh) ý,oaþ ;ksxs'oj% (;ksxs'oj) eu% (rqEgkjs eudh)
vorq (j{kk djü)û„†û
vuqoknμHkxoku~ â"khd'k leLr bfUæ;ksadh] ukjk;.k izk.kksadh]
'osr}hid vfèkifr fpÙkdh ,oa ;ksxs'oj rqEgkjs eudh j{kk
djsaû„†û
i`fÓuxHkZLrq rs cqf¼ekRekua Hkxoku~ ij%A
ØhM+Ura ikrq xksfoUn% 'k;kua ikrq ekèko%û„‡û
oztUreO;k}Sd.B vklhua Roka fJ;% ifr%A
Hkq´tkua ;KHkqd~ ikrq loZxzgHk;Áj%û„ˆû
vUo;%μi`fÓuxHkZ% rq (Hkxoku~ i`fÓuxHkZ) rs (rqEgkjh) cq¥¼
(cqf¼dh) ij% Hkxoku~ (Lo;a&Hkxoku~) vkRekua (rqEgkjh vkRekdh)
xksfoUn% (xksfoUn) ØhM+Ura (ØhM+kd le;) ýrqEgkjhþ ikrq (j{kk
djü) ý,oaþ ekèko% (ekèko) Ók;kua (Ók;ud le;) ýrqEgkjhþ ikrq
(j{kk djü)û„‡û
oSd.B% (oSd.B uked Hkxoku~) oztUra (Hkze.kd le;)
ýrqEgkjhþ vO;kr~ (j{kk djü) fJ;% ifr (y{ehdkUr) vklhua (cSBs
gq,) Roka (rqEgkjh) ýj{kk djüþ loZxzgHk;Áj% (leLr vÓkqHk
ukÓkdkjh) ;KHkqd~ (;KHkqd~ uked Hkxoku~) Hkq´tkua (Hkkstud
le;) ýrqEgkjhþ ikrq (j{kk djü)û„ˆû
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Jh'kqd mokpμ
bfr ç.k;c¼kfHkxksZihfHk% Ïrj{k.ke~A
ik;f;Rok Lrua ekrk laU;os'k;nkRete~û…Œû
vUo;%μJhÓkqd% mokp (Jh'kqdnso xksLokehus dgk) ç.k;c¼kfHk%
(okRlY;çse:i jLlhls c¡èkh gqbZ) xksihfHk% (;Ókksnkthd leku
vk;qokyh xksfi;küus) bfr (iwokZsä foèkkuls) Ïrj{k.ka (ckyddk
j{kk&foèkku fd;k) ýrnuUrjþ ekrk (Jh;Ókksnk eS;kus) vkReta
(vius iq=dks) Lrua ik;f;Rok (Lru fiykdj) laU;osÓk;r~ (Ók;u
djk;k)û…Œû
vuqoknμJh'kqdnso xksLokehus dgkμbl izdkj izseik'kesa c¡èkh
gqbZ xksfi;ksaus ckyd JhÏ".kdh j{kk&fØ;k iwjh dhA rnuUrj
;'kksnknsohus vius iq=dks Lruiku djkdj mls ikyuseü lqyk
fn;kû…Œû
lkjkFkZn£Ókuhμç.k;jlu;k ;'kksnkx`gs ,o c¼kfHk%A ik;f;Rosfr] Lruikueso
ckykuka LokLF;y{k.kfefr Hkko%A laU;os'k;r~μ'kk¸k;keklû…Œû
Hkkokuqoknμ^ç.k;c¼kfHk%μç.k;:i jLlhd }kjk ;Ókksnkthd
?kjeü gh èkk=hd :ieü lc le; jgusokyh xksfi;küd }kjk ckyddk
bl çdkj j{kk&foèkku djusd i'pkr~ ekrk ;Ókksnkus vius iq=dks
Lruiku djk;k] D;küfd Lruiku djuk gh ckydd LoLFk gksusdk
y{k.k gS] ;g Hkko gSA ^laU;osÓk;r~* vFkkZr~ ckyddks Ók;u
djk;kû…Œû
Hkkoçdkf'kdk o`fÙkμtc iwrukus uUnky;eü çosÓk fd;k Fkk]
rc mls ns[kdj fudVeü jgusokyh Jh;Ókksnkthd leku vk;qokyh
xksfi;k¡ mld lkFk gh Hkhrj vk x;° Fk° vkSj ;Ókksnkd lkFk [kM+h
gksdj mls ns[k jg° Fk°A tc iwruk JhÏ".kdks ysdj ckgj tkus
yxh] rks ;g ns[kdj ;Ókksnk rFkk jksfg.kh ew£PNr gksdj og°ij fxj
iM+°A ijUrq os xksfi;k¡ fdlh çdkjdk fopkj&foospu u djd
xzg&xzLrdh Hkk¡fr iwrukd ihNs&ihNs nkSM+us yx°A mUgküus ;g Hkh
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djrk gS] mlls Hkh vfèkd tks viuh fç;rj oLrq vkSj mlls Hkh
vR;fèkd tks vfrÓk; fç;re oLrq vR;Ur çhfr&vknjd lkFk
çnku djrs g®] os bl låfrdks çkIr djüxs bleü lansg gh D;k gS\
;fn iwruk tkfrls jk{klh gksdj Hkh ;fn låfr çkIr dj
ldrh gS] rks fQj tks ekuo tkfr g®] mlls Hkh vfèkd tks Hkä
g® vkSj mlls Hkh vfèkd tks vuqjkx;qä g®] mud fo"k;eü D;k
dguk\
mueü Hkh fQj vfrÓk; okRlY;orh ^rUekrj%* vFkkZr~
oRl&gj.k yhykeü tks mudh ekrk,¡ cuh Fk°] os ;fn mUgü dN
çnku djrh g®] rks mlls mUgü låfr çkIr gksxh] bld fo"k;eü D;k
dgk tk ldrk gS\ ;gk¡ mu ekrkvküls Hkh vR;fèkd Js"B ekrk
Jh;Ókksnkdks vfuoZpuh; gksusd dkj.k nwjls gh ç.kkedh ik=hd
:ieü LFkkfir fd;k x;k gS] blfy, ;gk¡ mudk uke o.kZu ug°
fd;k x;kA
bl çdkj dj.k (ftlls)] lEçnku (ftud fy,)] deZ (tks
oLrq)] dÙkkZ (deZ djusokys)μinküeü deqfrd U;k; le>uk
gksxkû…‡&…ˆû
ug° gS] ftls Hkys&cqjsdk Kku Hkh ug° gS] lHkh ftld
bPNk&vuq:i O;ogkj djrs gaS] ,sls uotkr fujhg LoHkkookys
ckyddh gR;k djuseü ftldks ¥dfpr~ek= Hkh ladksp ug° gksrk]
mld vkpj.kdks dkSu vPNk dg ldrk gS\ iwruk fpjdkyls
blh vkpj.keü vH;Lr gSA vr,o mldk vius vkpj.kxr
vfèkdkjls Hkh ÏrkFkZ gksuk lEHko ug° gSA
tUexr Js"B vfèkdkj u gksusij Hkh vkpj.kxr vfèkdkjls
iwT; gksuk ,oa tUexr mPp vfèkdkj jgusij Hkh vkpj.k&nks"kls
?k`f.kr gksuk yksd vkSj ÓkkL=&çfl¼ gSA
p.Mkyks·fi f}tJs"Bks gfjHkfä ijk;.k%A
gfjHkfä foghuLrq f}tks·fi 'oipkèke%û
(iùiqjk.k)
vFkkZr~ p.Mkydk tUexr Js"B vfèkdkj ug° gksusij Hkh og
gfjHktu:ih vkpj.kd Qyls czkã.kkfndh Hkk¡fr loZiwT; gksrk gSA
Jheu~ egkçHkqd çèkku ik"kZn gfjnkl Bkdj bld çR;{k mnkgj.k
gSA czkã.kkfndk tUexr mPp&vfèkdkj gS] fdUrq ;fn os gfjHktud
vHkkoeü fofoèk çdkjd vukpkjküls xzLr gks tkrs gaS] rks os
p.Mkyls Hkh fuÏ"V g®A tUexr Js"B vfèkdkj mud vkpj.k&nks"kd
dkj.k mudh Js"Brk çdkfÓkr ug° dj ldrk] ;gh mnkgj.k loZ=
çR;{k n`f"Vxkspj gksrk gSA vr,o iwrukdk tUe ,oa vkpj.k nksukü
gh vR;Ur fuÏ"V gksusd dkj.k og fdruh ?k`f.kr gS] ;g dguk
dfBu gSA
lkèkkj.k cqf¼ls ,slk çrhr gksrk gS fd Hkkstud lkFk
èkeZ&vèkeZdk dksbZ lEcUèk ug° gS] tSlk Hkh Hkkstu gks ;fn mls
xzg.k djd eu Ókq¼ gksrk gS] rks og ije èkk£ed gSA fdUrq ÓkkL=
fopkj djusij ;g Kkr gksrk gS fd Hkkstud lkFk èkeZ&vèkeZdk
lEcUèk vfr ?kfu"B gSA blfy, vk;Z&ÓkkL=küeü Hkkstu vkfnd
fo"k;eü dN foÓks"k fu;e ns[ks tkrs g®A NkUnksX; mifu"kneü o.kZu
gSμ
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æO; eud Åij foÓks"k :ils çHkqRo djuseü leFkZ gksrk gSA iwruk
jk{klh Hkkstu&nks"kls Hkh nwf"kr Fkh] D;küfd cPpküdk jäiku djuk
gh mldk Hkkstu FkkA lEHko gS mlus thoueü dHkh jäd
vfrfjä dksbZ vU; ân;&Ókqf¼dj oLrq xzg.k gh u dh gksA
blfy, Hkkstu&nks"kd dkj.k iwrukdk ân; ¥glk&}s"kls ifjiw.kZ FkkA
fQj Hkh] iwrukus doyek= uUnuUnudks Lru&nku djd gh
låfr ykHk dh ,oa og låfr LoxZ çkfIr ug° FkhA og ^lrka
Hkäkuka x¥r çkI;a JhxksfoUna* vFkkZr~ lkèkd Hkäx.k lEiw.kZ thou
lsokdj vUreü ftud pj.kküdks çkIr gksrs g®] iwrukus ogh oLrq
vFkkZr~ JhxksfoUndks ykHk fd;kA ;|fi iwrukdk Lru&nku funksZ"k
ug° Fkk] D;küfd mldk Lru fo"ke; Fkk ,oa Lru&nku djusdk
mísÓ; Hkh ¥glkiw.kZ Fkk] fQj Hkh JhuUnuUnuus mldk nks"k xzg.k
u djd vius ln~xq.kküls mldk laÓkksèkudj mldh Lru&nku:ih
lsokdks xzg.kdj mls vR;Ur mÙke xfr çnku dhA lkekU; lEcUèk
;k lEcUèkd vuqdj.kek=ls gh os lcd nks"k gj.k djrs g®]
blfy, uUnuUnudk ,d uke ^gfj* vFkkZr~ gj.k djusokys g®A
iwruk jk{klh JhÏ".kdks lkèkkj.k ckyd le>dj ¥glk&ço`fÙk ,oa
LiÓkZek=ls gh çk.k gj.kdkjh fo"k ysdj mud fudV x;h Fkh ,oa
mlus Lru&nkud cgkus mud çk.k gj.k djusdh ps"Vk dh] ijUrq
Jhgfjdk LoHkko fHkék gSA tc iwrukus mUgü xksnheü ysdj mud
eq[keü viuk Lru fn;k] rks mUgküus Lrud lkFk mld Lrudk fo"k
,oa ân;dh ¥glko`fÙkdk Hkh gj.k dj fy;kA fdUrq Ókjhjeü çk.k
jgusls iqu% mld Lruküeü fo"k ,oa ân;eü ¥glko`fÙkdk l´pkj gksxk]
blfy, Jhgfjus mld çk.kküdk Hkh gj.k dj fy;kA
JhuUnuUnudh iwruk&m¼kj yhykdk lkj fl¼kUr LFkkiu
djusd fy, JhÓkqdnsothus ^iÚîka HkäâfnLFkkH;ka* vkfn Óyksddh
vorkj.kk dh gSA uUnuUnud pj.k;qxyij ,dek= mud Hkäküdk
gh vfèkdkj gS] fdUrq os lk{kkr~ nÓkZud vfèkdkjh ug° g®A os
doyek= è;ku;ksxeü gh mUgü ân;eü LFkkfir dj ldrs g®A lk{kkr~
nÓkZu] lk{kkr~ lsok vkfneü ,dek= fuR; ik"kZnküdk gh vfèkdkj gS]
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vuqdj.k fd;k Fkk] blfy, jk{klh gksusij Hkh mls èkk=h tSlh xfr
çkIr gqbZ] rks ftUgküus lk{kkr~ JhÏ".kdks xHkZeü èkkj.k fd;k] mudh
efgek Hkyk dkSu o.kZu dj ldrk gSA tks loZdkj.k&dkj.k
JhÏ".kdh tuuh g®] tks lcd ewy&Lo:i g®] ftudh pj.k&èkwfydk
Lej.kdj eLrd >qdk;s fcuk vU; fdlh çdkjdk fopkj çdV
djuk dÙkZO; ug° gSA ftud izseeü c¼ gksdj JhHkxoku~
nkseknj&ukels f=txr~eü iwftr gq,] xkspkj.kdks tkusd le;
uUnuUnu ftud pj.kküdh oUnuk djrs g®] mud fo"k;eü o.kZu
djuk fdlhd fy, Hkh lEHko ug° gSû…‡&†Œû
Jhjktksokpμ
;su ;sukorkjs.k Hkxoku~ gfjjhÓoj%A
djksfr d.kZjE;kf.k euksKkfu p u% çHkksûƒû
;PN`.orks·iSR;jfr£or`".kk]
lÙo´p 'kqè;R;fpjs.k iqal%A
HkfägZjkS rRiq#"ks p l[;a]
rnso gkja on eU;ls psr~û„û
vUo;%μJhjktk mokp (egkjkt ijhf{kr~us dgk) çHkks (gs
çHkks JhÓkqdnso xksLokeh!) bZ'oj% (loZfu;Urk) gfj% (vÓks"k
nq%[kgkjh) Hkxoku~ (Lo;a&Hkxoku~ JhÏ".kus) ;su ;su vorkjs.k
(eRL;] deZ] u`¥lg vkfn ftu&ftu vorkjküeü) ýtks&tks yhyk,¡þ
djksfr (txr~eü çdV dh g®] os lHkh) u% (gekjs fy,) d.kZjE;kf.k
(d.kZ jlk;u vFkkZr~ dkuküdks lq[k nsusokyh) p (vkSj) euksKkfu
(euksgkfj.kh) ýg®þûƒû
;r~ (ftl vFkkZr~ Hkxoku~ Jhgfjdk pfj=) Ük`.or% (Jo.k
djusek=ls) iqal% (thoek=dh) vfpjs.k (Jo.k djusd le;ls
vkjEHkdj) vjfr% (Jo.k vkfn Hkfäd vÂküdk ikyu djuseü
eudh vço`fÙk) ývkSjþ for`".kk (lc çdkjdh fo"k; okluk,¡)
viSfr (nwj gks tkrh g®) p (vkSj) lÙoa (fpÙk) Ókqè;fr (nqokZluk
fuo`fÙk gksusls Hkfäjl vkLoknu djuseü leFkZ gks tkrk gS) gjkS
(loZeuksgj] vÓks"k nq%[kgkjh JhHkxoku~d pj.kküeü) Hkfä% (çse)
ýmn; gksrk gSþ p (rFkk) rRiq#"ks (mud Hkäküd lkFk) l[;a
(çhfr) ýgksrh gSþ eU;ls psr~ (;fn vki eq>s mu yhykdFkkvküdks
550 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@‰@ƒ&„
Jo.k djusdk vfèkdkjh le>rs g®] rks) ýÏik djdþ rnso (iwokZsä
vÓks"k nks"kgkjh vkSj dY;k.kçn) gkja (Jhgfjdk pfj=) on
(ÏikiwoZd o.kZu djü)û„û
vuqoknμegkjkt ijhf{kr~us dgkμizHkks! ijes'oj Hkxoku~
Jhgfj eRL;kfn vorkjksaeü tks lc yhyk,¡ djrs gSa] os lHkh esjs
dkuksadks cM+k r`Ir djrh gSa vkSj eudks Hkh vfr izhfrdj yxrh
gSa] rFkkfi ftUgü lquusek=ls gh thoksad eudh Xykfu vFkkZr~
Hkxor~&dFkk&Jo.kesa v#fp mRiék djusokyh ukuk izdkjdh Hkksx&
okluk,¡ nwj gks tkrh gSa ,oa fpÙk 'kh?kz gh 'kq¼ gksdj JhÏ".keü
izsedh izkfIr dj ysrk gS] JhÏ".kd Hkäksad izfr eS=h vFkkZr~
l[;Hkko LFkkfir gks tkrk gS] Hkxoku~dh ,slh eèkqj ,oa euksgkfj.kh
dFkkvksadks lquusdk eq>s ;fn vfèkdkjh le>rs gSa] rks eq>ij
vuqxzg djrs gq, mudk o.kZu dhft;sûƒ&„û
lkjkFkZn£'kuh Vhdk
Lukr% lqIrksfRFkr% Ï".k% lIres·u mnf{kir~A
r`.kkoÙkZegékkL;s foÓoa ekrjeS{k;r~û
jnPNncya O;äa iwrukLrupw"k.ksA
'kdVs·³~f?kzcya ik.;ksLr`.kkoÙkZoèks cye~û
foÓo:i};s rkonSÓo;± futekrfjA
,oekfneeSÓo;Z;qXes ckY;s çn£'kre~û
vgks! HkxonorkjkUrjyhykek=L;kI;LeUeuksgjRos·fi JhÏ".kckY;yhyk
ekefryksHk;fr] vrLrkeso czwghR;k'k;sukgμ;su ;su eRL;k|orkjs.kkfi ;kfu
;kfu dekZf.k djksfr] rkU;fi u% d.kkZH;ka] jE;kf.k vkLok|kfu] euksKkfu
euksI;kuUnf;rqa tkuUR;soA fdUrq] rs"ofi eè;s ;r~ Ük`.or%] iqal% iqEek=L;kfi]
vjfr% Jo.kknkoizo`fÙk%] viSfr u';fr_ vuFkZfuo`R;k fu"BksRi|r bR;FkZ%A
rrÓp for`".kk r= r`".kkHkko%] viSfr_ #P;qRiR;k vkdk³~{kk tk;r bR;FkZ%A
rrÓp lÙoa fpÙka] 'kq¼îfr nqokZlukfuo`R;k HkfäjlkLoknlkeF;± Hkofr_ ;Fkk
iSfÙkdjksxfuo`R;k jluk flrkekèkq;± xzg.kleFkkZ L;kr~_ vklDR;qRiÙ;k jfrtkZ;r
bR;FkZ%A vfpjs.ksfr loZ= ;ksT;e~A rrÓp Hkfä% iszek L;kr~A rRiq#"ks oS".kos]
l[;fefrμ;|fi HkDR;kjEHkr ,o oS".kos l[;a fofgra] rnfi iszfE.k lR;so
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Jh'kqd mokpμ
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dnkfpnkSRFkkfud dkSrqdkIyos]
tUe{kZ;ksxs leosr;ksf"krke~A
okfn=xhrf}teU=okpd&
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vUo;%μlrh (lHkh dk;ksZeü fuiq.k ;Ókksnkus) dnkfpr~ (iq=dh
vk;q rhu ekl gksusij) vkSRFkkfuddkSrqdkIyos (fpr gksdj Ók;u
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djusokys fÓkÓkq tc fr;Zd vFkkZr~ djoV ysdj lksuseü leFkZ gks
tkrs g®] rc tks dkSrqd mRlo euk;k tkrk gS) tUe{kZ;ksxs (,sls
tUe u{k=d fnu vFkkZr~ jksfg.kh u{k= ;ksxeü) leosr;ksf"krka
(lekxr oztdh okRlY;&ijk;.kk xksfi;küd lkFk) okfn=xhrf}teU=okpd%
(eÂy xhr vkSj ok| ,oa czkã.kküd eU=ikB lfgr) lwuks% (vius
iq=dk) vfHk"kspua (vfHk"ksd vFkkZr~ dyÓk LFkkiuiwoZd czkã.kkü
}kjk fd;k tkusokyk çks{k.k vkfn dk;Z) pdkj (lEiék fd;k)û†û
vuqoknμJh'kqdnsothus dgkμijhf{kr~! f'k'kqd djoV cnyusdks
^mRFkku* (JhÏ".kd lUnHkZesa ^vkSRFkkfud egksRlo*) dgk tkrk gSA
dksbZ f'k'kqd ^x`g fu"Øe.k:i laLdkj* dks mRFkku dgrs gSaA bl
fnu ;Fkk&fofèk Lukukfnd }kjk iq=dk vfHk"ksd djuk pkfg;sA
vr% JhÏ".kd vkfoHkkZod rhu ekg i'pkr~ djoV cnyusd
vfHk"ksd&mRlodk vk;kstu gqvkA ml fnu Hkh ogh tUe okyk
jksfg.kh u{k= FkkA lekxr iqj&fL=;k¡ ok|kfn ;U=ksad lkFk eÂy
xhr xk jgh FkhaA czkã.kkfn eU=&i<+dj ckyddks vk'khokZn iznku
dj jgs FksA bl izdkj ;'kksnkthus vius iq=dk vfHk"ksd lEiék
fd;kû†û
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556 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@‰@†&‡
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uSokÜk`.kks}S #fnra lqrL; lk]
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vUo;%μvkSRFkkfudkSRlqD;euk% (vius iq=d vkSRFkkfud ioZij
dk;ks±eü vR;Ur O;Lr) eufLouh (ije mnkjfpÙk) lekxrku~
(mRloeü lfEefyr) oztkSdl% (oztokfl;küdk) iwt;rh (;Fkk;ksX;
oL=] vkHkw"k.k] vkSj Hkkstukfnd }kjk lRdkj dj jgh) lk (og
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dcja (xkM+hd pØ] ;qxUèkj vkfn) O;oÙkZr (foijhr fnÓkkeü tk
fxjs)û‰û
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fc[kj x;sA ml NdM+sij jgh gqbZ nw/k&ngh vkfn vusd jlksals Hkjh
gqbZ eVfd;k¡ vkSj nwljs crZu QwV&QkV x;sû‰û
lkjkFkZn£ÓkuhμvYidÓpklkS izokyoUe`nqÓp ;ks·³~f?kzLrsu grfefr_
rsu okeukorkjL; dVkgHksnkFkZfeo 'kdVHkÂkFk± rPpj.k;qxa u o£¼ra] ukfi
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560 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@‰@‰&Š
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bfr ckydeknk; lkeX;Z t q # ikÏrS % A
tyS% ifo=kS"kfèkfHkjfHkf"kP; f}tksÙkeS%ûƒ†û
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gqRok pk¥Xu f}tkfrH;% çknknéka egkxq.ke~ûƒ‡û
570 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@‰@ƒ…&ƒ‡
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vkÓkhokZn nsus yxsûƒˆû
leLr nq%[k Ókksd nwj gks x;k ,oa fLFkj gksdj os vius vius
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dk;ks±eü euksfuosÓk djus yxsA
xksijkt uUnus rc ÓkkUr gksdj mikuUn vkfn xksiküd lkFk
ijkeÓkZdj fLFkj fd;k fd ÓkdVdks ;FkkLFkku LFkkiudj xzgnks"k
fuokj.kd fy, ÓkkfUr&LoLR;;u vkfn djokuk vfr vkoÓ;d gSA
leLr czkã.kx.k ;gk¡ mifLFkr g®] vr,o vfoyEc gh ;g dk;Z
lEiék gksuk pkfg;sA blls ckyd ,oa lEiw.kZ oztdk eÂy gksxkA R
xksijktus foyEc u djd cfy"B xksiküdks vknsÓk fn;kA
xksijktdk vknsÓk ikdj mUk cfy"B xksiküus vR;Ur Hkkjh ml xkM+h
,oa mld pØkfndks ;FkkLFkku LFkkfir fd;kA fQj ty ykdj ml
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fuekZ.k ,oa eÂy?kVkfn LFkkfir djd czkã.kküus xzggkse djuk
çkjEHk dj fn;kA gksed iÓpkr~ ngh&fefJr v{kr vkSj dÓkty
fNM+ddj ml ÓkdVdh iwtk dh x;hA
tks LoIueü Hkh dHkh fdlhd xq.kküeü nks"kkjksi.k ug° djrs] tks
feF;k Hkk"k.k vkSj feF;k O;ogkjls loZnk nwj jgrs g®] ftueü
vgadkjdk ysÓkek= Hkh ug° gS] {kek ftud vÂküdk Hkw"k.k gS]
¥glkdk uke ftud Le`fr iFkij ug° gS] vfHkekudh xUèkls Hkh
tks fojfädk vuqHko djrs g®] loZnk lR;fu"B vkSj lR; O;ogkj
ftudk LokHkkfod èkeZ gSμ,sls èkeZfu"B] eks{k&ijk;.k vkSj ije
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os ÏikiwoZd ftUgü vkÓkhokZn çnku djrs g®] loZÓkfäeku
Hkxoku~ mud çfrfufèk gksdj mu vkÓkhokZnküdks ifjiw.kZ djrs g®A
bl çdkj ÓkkL= fl¼kUrküeü lqn`<+ fo'okl&ijk;.k uUnkfn xksix.k
JhÏ".kdks ;Ókksnkthdh xksnhls ysdj czkã.kküd fudV vk;s vkSj
mud dY;k.kd fy, muls vkÓkhokZndh fHk{kk djus yxsA
uUnuUnueü ije Lusg&ijk;.k czkã.kküus eÂy&?kV LFkkiu
fd;k vkSj mleü lokSZ"kfèk vkSj egkS"kfèk Mkydj tyiw.kZ fd;kA
mld iÓpkr~ ½d~] lke vkSj ;tqoZsnksä ÓkkfUr eU= vkfn ikBdj
576 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@‰@‹&ƒŠ
fgyk&Mqyk jgh Fk° vkSj dHkh Åijdh vksj mNky jgh Fk°A
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brusesa gh ckyd iRFkjdh pêkud leku Hkkjh gks x;kA ek¡ ;'kksnk
mld Hkkjdks lgu djusesa vleFkZ gks x;haûƒŠû
lkjkFkZn£Ókuhμ^jktR;f[kylEifÙkirkS e¸;fi] lf´prS% fdesfHkoZLrqfHk%\*
bfr Loeuks·fHkunhÓoj%A
,dnkμ,dkCno;fl o`Ùks lfr_ ^,d gk;u vklhuks fÎ;ek.kks fogk;lk*
(JheÚkñ ƒŒ@„ˆ@ˆ) bR;xzsruksä%A vkjksga mRlÂa] vk:<a ra] yky;Urh R
HkqtkH;keqÙkksyukUnksyukfnfHk#Yykl;UrhA fxfjdVor~ fxfjÜk`ÂL;so] f'k'kksxZfjek.ka
oks<aq u lsgsA vkxfe";Ura r`.kkoÙk± lekr`desokeaq gfj";Ureky{; ekrq;Z'kksnk;k%
Dys'kks ekHkwfnR;SÓo;So
Z 'kDR;k rnqÙkkjk; Hkkj% dYi;keklsfr Ks;e~A ^fdf´pnI;qifj
rksy;kEc] eka O;ksfEu [ksfyrqeuk;rks·LE;ge~*μbRFkeeq"; fdy lR;dkerSoku;Ùk`.k&
fooÙkZuklqje~ûƒŠû
HkkokuqoknμßleLr lEifÙk;küd vfèkifr esjs fojkteku jgrs
bu lHkh lf´pr oLRkqvküdk D;k ç;kstu gSÞμ,slk ekudj bZÓoj
(loZleFkZ Hkxoku~ JhÏ".kus) ÓkdV&Hk´tu fd;kA
^,dnk*μckyd tc ,d o"kZdk gks x;k] ml le; fdlh
,d fnuA tSls vkxs (JheÚkñ ƒŒ@„ˆ@ˆ) eü dgk x;k gSμß,d
o"kZdh mejeü vkdkÓkpkjh r`.kkoÙkZus ckyddk vigj.k fd;k FkkAÞ
^vkjksgek:<a yky;Urh*μlrh ;Ókksnk mldks xksnheü ysdj eq[kpqEcu]
Lrunku] mÙkksyu] vkUnksyu vkfnd }kjk ykyu&ikyu dj jgh
FkhA ^fxfjdVor~*μvpkud ckyd fxfjfÓk[kjdh Hkk¡fr vfr Hkkjh
vuqHko gksus ls os mld cks>dks mBkuseü leFkZ ug° gks ldhA ml
le; vkxrizk; r`.kkoÙkZ ekrkd lkFk ckyddk gj.k djsxk] ,slk
tkudj ekrk ;Ókksnkdks ftlls d"V u gks] blfy, JhHkxoku~dh
,Z'o;ZÓkfäus gh mUgü ekrkdh xksnhls mrkjusd fy, Hkkjdh l`f"V
dj nh] ,slk tkuuk gksxkA ßekr%! eq>s dN vkSj Åijeü mBk yks]
eq>s vkdkÓkeü [ksyusdh bPNk gks jgh gSÞμJhgfjdk ;g vfHkçk;
le>dj lR;dkerk Ókfä gh vk¡èkh&rwQkud :ieü r`.kkoÙkZ
vlqjdks ogk¡ yk;h FkhûƒŠû
578 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@‰@ƒ‹
bfr [kjioupØika'kqo"ksZ]
lq r inohecykfoy{; ekrkA
vfrd#.keuqLejUR;'kksp&
Úqqfo ifrrk e`roRldk ;Fkk xkS%û„†û
vUo;%μbfr (bl çdkj) [kjioupØikaÓkqo"ksZ (çp.M ioud
osxls èkwy o"kZ.kkfn çkjEHk gksusij) vcyk (dN Hkh çrhdkj
djuseü vleFkZ) ekrk (;Ókksnk) lqrino° (iq=dh xfrfofèk)
vfoy{; (u tkudj) e`roRldk ;Fkk xkS% (e`r cNM+sokyh xk;
tSlh) Hkqfo (èkjrhij) ifrrk (fxjrh gqbZ) vuqLejUrh (fujUrj
iq=dk Lej.k djrh gqbZ) vfrd#.k% (otz fonkjd d#.k Lojls)
vÓkkspr~ (foyki djus yxh)û„†û
vuqoknμml tksjdh vk¡/kh vkSj /kwydh o"kkZesa ;'kksnkthdks
vius iq=dk fpÊek= Hkh fn[kk;h ugha ns jgk FkkA tc ckyddks
<w¡<+usls dgha Hkh ugha feyk rks os i`fFkohij bl izdkj fxj iM+ha
ftl izdkj cNM+sd ejusij xk;dh n'kk gks tkrh gSA og vius
iq=dks bl izdkj iqdkjrs gq, foyki djus yxha] ftls lqudj
dk"B&ik"kk.k vkSj otzkfn Hkh fonh.kZ gks tk;¡û„†û
582 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@‰@ƒŠ&„‡
rqEgü rks tkuk gh gksxkA ukjk;.kdh Ïikls rqe LoLFk] cyoku vkSj
cM+s gks tkvks] rc rqe xkspkj.keü tkukA vHkh xk;küd ikl tkusls
os l°x ekj nüxhA ekrk ;Ókksnkdh xksnheü ;ÓkksnkuUnudks ns[kusd
fy, vkdkÓkeü mM+rs gq, i{khx.k Hkh ,df=r gksdj uUnky;d
Åij vkdkÓkekxZeü bèkj&mèkj l´pj.k dj jgs FksA ;g ns[kdj
;ÓkksnkuUnu ck;ü gkFkls eS;kdh Bks<+h idM+dj vkSj nkfgus gkFkdh
v¨fy mBkdj dgus yxsμeS;k! og D;k gS\
eS;kus dgkμos lc i{kh g®A eudh [kqÓkheü vkdkÓkeü mM+
jgs g®A
;ÓkksnkuUnuus dgkμeS;k! e® Hkh mud leku vkdkÓkeü
mM+uk pkgrk gw¡A
;Ókksnk eS;k mud eq[kdk pqEcu djrs gq, dgus yx°μvcksèk
ckyd! euq"; D;k dHkh vkdkÓkeü mM+ ldrk gS\
ijUrq ;ÓkksnkuUnu fdlh Hkh çdkjls gB NksM+usokys dgk¡
Fks\ os dgus yxsμeS;k! e® Hkh vkdkÓkeü mM+w¡xkA rqe eq>s vius
nksukü gkFkküls vkdkÓkeü mM+k nksA
;Ókksnkth vc D;k dj ldr° Fk°\ og ml vcksèk
ckyddks le>kusd fy, mls nksukü gkFkls dN Åijeü mNkyus
yx°A ,sls le;eü ;ÓkksnkuUnudk Ókjhj vR;Ur Hkkjh gksus yxkA
vc ek¡ ;Ókksnk Ï".kdks nksukü gkFkküls Åij j[k ug° ld°] vr%
iwoZor~ mUgü xksneü ys fy;kA ijUrq Ï".k èkhjs&èkhjs brus Hkkjh gksus
yxs fd os mUgü xksneü Hkh j[k ug° ld°] mUgü ,slk çrhr gksus
yxk fd tSls dksbZ uhy&ioZr LFkkuHkz"V gksdj mudh xksneü fxj
iM+k gSA
Jhtho xksLokehus vius xksikypEiw xzUFkeü bl yhykdh lqUnj
Hkwfedk cuk;h gSμ
xksdyeü vkdj iwruk vkSj ÓkdVklqjdk çk.kkUr gksusls
çk.k&Hk;ls daldh cqf¼ Hkz"V gks x;h FkhA rc mlus fQjls
uUnuUnud çk.k gj.k djusd fy, r`.kkoÙkZ uked vlqjdks
xksdyeü HkstkA r`.kkoÙkZ xksdyeü vkdj lqnwj vkdkÓk ekxZls
L
vksj Hkkxus yxsA ijUrq Hkh"k.k vk¡/khd }kjk lHkh vksj èkwy Nk
tkusd dkj.k dksbZ dN Hkh ns[k ug° ik jgk FkkA rst vk¡èkhdh
lu~&lu~ vkoktls lcd dku QVus yxsA ok;q:ih r`.kkoÙkZdk
¥lgukn] o`{kküdh Ókk[kkvküd VwVusdh eM+~&eM+~ ÓkCnls] uUnuUnud
veÂydh vkÓkÁkls oztokfl;küd vkÙkZukndk ÓkCn pkjkü vksj
çfrukfnr gksus yxkA lcd eueü ,slk gksus yxk fd ekuks ,d
gh lkFk l®dM+kü otzikr gks jgs gküA lkFk&gh&lkFk vfojy
èkwy&o"kZ.kls xksdy ?kus vUèkdkjls <d x;kA eqgwÙkZeü gh xksdydh
,slh nÓkk ns[kdj lHkh Hk;ls O;kdy gks x;sA bèkj r`.kkoÙkZ vkdj
lcd vyf{kr :ieü uUnuUnudks lqnwj vkdkÓk ekxZeü ys x;kA
ek¡ ;Ókksnk O;kdy gksdj Ï".kdks ysdj ?kjd vUnj tkusd fy,
ç;kl dj jgh Fk°A ijUrq mUgküus Ï".kdks tgk¡ mrkjdj j[kk Fkk]
ogk¡ os Fks gh ug°A r`.kkoÙkZ doy Ï".kdks gj.kdj vkSj èkwy
o"kZ.kdj gh pqi ug° jgk] cfYd iRFkjd VqdM+s Hkh cjlkus yxkA
vc lHkh fljij gkFk èkjdj cSB x;s] dksbZ fdlhdk lekpkj ys
ug° ik jgk FkkA
ØeÓk% ok;qdk osx dN ÓkkUr gksusij] èkwy&o"kZ.k de
gksusij pkjkü vksj ?kksj vkÙkZukn lquk;h nsus yxkA rc xksdyoklh
,d&nwljsls uUnuUnudh dÓky&okÙkkZ iwNus yxsA ijUrq fdlhls Hkh
fdlhdks dksbZ mÙkj ug° feykA rc os lc nkSM+rs gq, uUnky;eü
vk;s] ijUrq mUgküus vkdj ns[kkμuUnky; ÓkwU; iM+k gqvk gSA ogk¡
ckY;ØhM+k&ijk;.k uUnuUnu fn[kk;h ug° ns jgs FksA uUniRuh
;Ókksnk Hkh Hkwfeij fxjdj gksdj ßgk iq=! gk iq=!Þ dgdj
vkÙkZukn dj jgh Fk°A ml le; xksfi;k¡ O;kdy gksdj mUgü ?kjd
pkjkü vksj <w¡<+us yx°A ijUrq dg° Hkh uUnuUnudks u ikdj
vR;Ur Ókksdls ew£PNrçk; gksdj jksus yx°ûƒŠ&„‡û
g®A tks vÚqrls Hkh vÚqr gS] mlls Hkh vfrÓk; vÚqr ;g gS fd
tks ;g ckyd ^fuo`¥Ùk xfer%* vFkkZr~ veÂylwpd ej.k] ukÓk
vkfn ÓkCnküd }kjk Hkh o£.kr gksusd v;ksX; nÓkkdks çkIr gksdj
Hkh iqu% ykSVdj cUèkqtuküd lkeus ykSV vk;k gS] ;g gekjk vgks
HkkX; gSA mueüls dksbZ&dksbZ dgus yxsμ^bl fo"k;eü foLe;dh D;k
ckr gS\ ;g ;qfälÂr gh gqvk gSA* D;küfd] tks [ky O;fä
nwljküdh ¥glk djrk gS] og vius ikils Lo;a gh u"V gks tkrk
gSA blfy, ;gk¡ij fujijkèk ckyddk gj.k djusd dkj.k ;g
nSR; vius ikils fou"V gqvk gS vkSj ^lkèkq* O;fä loZ= lenÓkhZ
gksusls foin~ls eqä gksrk gSA ;gk¡ ^lkèkq* dgusls ;g ckyd gS]
D;küfd cky LoHkkod dkj.k gh Ók=q&fe= vkfneü rqY;&cqf¼ gksrh
gS] vr,o og lenÓkhZ gksrk gSû…ƒû
¥d uLri'ph.kZeèkks{ktkpZua]
iw Ù ks Z " VnÙkeq r Hkw r lkS â ne~ A
;r~ lEijs r % iq u js o ckydks ]
fn"Vîk LocUèkwu~ ç.k;ékqifLFkr%û…„û
vUo;%μu% (gekjs }kjk) ¥d ri% (pkUæk;.k vkfn fdl
ozrdk) ph.k± (vuq"Bku fd;k x;k Fkk) vèkks{ktkpZua (Jhfo".kqlsok)
iwÙkZ (dvk¡] rkykc vkfn fuekZ.k) b"V (i´pkfXu ;K] vfXugks=
vkfn) nÙk% (nku) mr (vFkok) HkwrlkSâna (leLr çkf.k;küdk fgr
vkpj.k tks dN fd;k x;k) ;r~ (ftlls) lEijsr (e`R;qd xzkleü
tkdj Hkh) ,"k ckyd% (ozttuküdk thou&Lo:i ;g JhuUnuUnu)
fn"Vîk (gekjs HkkX;ls) LocUèkwu~ (vkReh; vkfndks) ç.k;u~
(vkufUnrdj) iqu% mifLFkr% (iqu% fudVeü mifLFkr gqvk gS)û…„û
vuqoknμvgks! gekjk cM+k lkSHkkX; gS! geus ,slh dkSu&lh
dBksj riL;k ;k Hkxoku~ vèkks{ktdh vkjkèkuk dh Fkh] vFkok
izkf.k;ksad fgrd fy, ckcM+h] d,¡ vkfndk fuekZ.k djk;k Fkk] ;K]
gou] nku vkfn fd;s Fks fd ftld Qyls ;g ckyd e`R;qd
L
le; uhyef.k uhyioZr cu x;s vFkkZr~ mudk Hkkj bruk c<+ x;k
fd og vlqj mUgü mBkdj vkxs c<+ ug° ldkA r`.kkoÙkZus lkspk
Fkk fd iwruk vkSj ÓkdVklqj ,slk dke ug° dj ld] tks e®us
vuk;kl gh bls mBk fy;kA ^vc e® bls eFkqjk ys pyw¡A* ijUrq
mldk vkxs tkuk lEHko ug° gqvkA mlus mUgü xysls NqM+kusdk
cgqr ç;kl fd;k] ijUrq NqM+k ug° ldk] ftlls mldk ne ?kqVus
yxkA vUreü og èkM+kels ,d fÓkyki`"Bij fpr gksdj fxjkμmld
fxjrs gh otzdh dM+&dM+kgV tSlh èofu gqbZA lqudj lHkh pk®d
mBs] rc xksijef.k;k¡ nkSM+dj x;° vkSj JhÏ".kdks mBk fy;k vkSj
ekrk ;Ókksnkdh xksneü lk®i fn;kA rc oztokfl;küd ekuks çk.k ykSV
vk;sA os ,d nwljsls bl Hk;kud nq?kZVukd fo"k;eü ppkZ djus
yxsA
JhuUn egkjkt xksdyeü bl çdkjd cgqr&ls mRikrküdks
ns[kdj vius iq=d veÂydh vkÓkÁkls ÓkfÁr&fpÙk gksdj
voLFkku djus yxsA
JhÓkqdnsothus Jhijhf{kr~d fudV iwruk&oèk] ÓkdV&Hk´tu
vkSj r`.kkoÙkZ&oèkμbu rhu vlqj&ekj.k yhykvküdk o.kZu fd;k
gSA ijUrq JheÚkxor nÓke&LdUèkeü r`.kkoÙkZ&oèk yhykd iÓpkr~
JhÓkqdnsothus ^n`"V~okÚqrkfu cgqÓkks uUnxksiks c`g}us*μvkfn Óyksdküeü
egkjkt ijhf{kr~dks lÁreü dgk fd JhuUnuUnudh iwruk&oèk
vkfndh Hkk¡fr vkSj Hkh vÚqr vlqj&ekj.k vkfn yhyk,¡ g®] ijUrq
mUgü e® o.kZu ug° dj jgk gwA¡ vfpUR; vuUrÓkfä;qä JhxksfoUndh
bu rhu yhykdFkkvküdk vkLoknu djusls gh èkkj.kk gks tk;sxh
fd vuUr yhyke;dh vkSj Hkh fdruh l®dM+kü yhyk,¡ g®A
vuUrnso gtkjkü eq[kküls mudk o.kZu djd Hkh lekIr ug° dj
ldrsA rks fQj e® doy ,d eq[kls doy lkr fnuküeü fdruk
Jo.k djkš\
xksdyeü cgqr&ls vlqj&jk{klkfndk vkxeu ,oa mudk
vÚqr :ils foukÓk ns[kdj uUnckck eu&gh&eu fpUrk djus yxs
fd HkS;k olqnsothus tks dN dgk gSμßxksdyeü cgqr çdkjd
L
Jh'kqd mokpμ
xxZ% iqjksfgrks jktu~ ;nwuka lqegkrik%A
ozta txke uUnL; olqnsoçpksfnr%ûƒû
vUo;%μjktu~ (gs ijhf{kr~!) ;nwuka (;nqoafÓk;küdk) iqjksfgr%
(dykpk;Z) lqegkrik% (vfrÓk; riL;k&lEiék) xxZ% (xxkZpk;Z)
olqnsoçpksfnr% (olqnso }kjk çsfjr gksdj) uUnL; (xksijktd) ozta
(xks"Beü) txke (x;s)ûƒû
vuqoknμJh'kqdnsothus dgkμgs jktu~! ije riLoh JhxxkZpk;Zth
;nqoaf'k;ksad dy&iqjksfgr FksA olqnsothdh izsj.kkls os ,d fnu
uUnxksdyesa i/kkjsûƒû
lkjkFkZn£'kuh Vhdk
v"Ves ukedj.ka fjÂ.ka xO;eks"k.ke~A
e`Ú{k.ka foÓo:in'kZu´p fux|rsû
vlqjoèkizlÂlÂR;So r`.kkoÙkZoèkeqDRok rRizkphukfu ukedj.kknhfu
pfjrkU;uqLe`R; oDrqeqiØersμxxZ% iqjksfgr bR;kfnukûƒû
Hkkokuqoknμbl vkBoü vè;k;eü JhÏ".kdk ukedj.k] fjÂ.k
(?kqVuküd cy pyuk)] ngh&eD[kudh pksjh] feêh [kkuk vkSj
foÓo:i nÓkZuμbu lHkh yhykvküdk o.kZu gqvk gSA
vlqj&oèk çlÂ&Øeesa r`.kkoÙkZ&oèkdk o.kZudj mld igys
?kfVr JhÏ".kd ukedj.k vkfn pfj=dk Lej.kdj JhÓkqdnsothus
mls dguk vkjEHk fd;kμ^;nqdy&iqjksfgr xxkZpk;Z* bR;kfnûƒû
608 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@Š@„&†
O;FkZ ug° gks ldrs g®A ;FkkFkZ :ieü rqEgkjs }kjk vfHkufUnr gksusls
esjk vkuk ije lkFkZd gqvk gSA vc uUn egkjkt dgrs
g®μÏikoÓk ijeiw.kZ luRdekj ½f"k ftl çdkj i`Fkq egkjktd
Hkoueü vk;s Fks] ftl çdkj okeunso cfy egkjktd Hkoueü vk;s
Fks] mlh çdkj e® dgrk gw¡μ^egf}pyua* vFkkZr~ egr~&O;fä;küdk
viuk vkJe NksM+dj vU;= tkukμx`gh O;fä;küd ije eÂyd
fy, gh gksrk gSA
;gk¡ x`gh O;fä;küd ?kj dgusls Li"V gS fd egku iq#"k
euq";küd ?kjküeü gh tkrs g®] nsorkvküd ?kjküeü ug°A iqu% euq";küeü
tks x`gLFk g®] mud ?kjküeü gh tkrs g®] ijUrq czãpkfj;küd ?kjküeü
ug°] mueü Hkh ^nhu psrlka* tks viusdks r`.kls Hkh nhu&ghu ekurs
g®] ,sls x`gh O;fä;küd ?kjküeü tkrs g®] D;küfd ,sls nhu&ghu tuküd
çfr egrküdh vfèkd Ïik gksrh gS_ ijUrq tks viusdks Js"B ekurs
g®] dBksj vkSj dfVy fpÙkokys g®] mud ?kjküeü lkèkq ug° tkrs
g®û†û
JhxxZ mokpμ
;nw u kegekpk;Z % [;kr'p Hkq f o loZ n kA
lqra e;k laLÏra rs eU;rs nsodhlqre~û‰û
vUo;%μJhxxZ mokp (JhxxkZpk;Zus uUn egkjktdks dgk)
vga ;nwuke~ vkpk;Z% (e® ;knoküdk iqjksfgr g¡w) loZnk Hkqfo (bl
lalkjeü fujUrj) [;kr% p (çfl¼ gw¡] vr,o) e;k laLÏra rs
(esjs }kjk laLdkj fd;s x;s rqEgkjs) lqra (iq=dks lalkjd yksx ;k
dal) nsodh lqra (nsodh iq=) eU;rs (le>üxs)û‰û
vuqoknμJhxxkZpk;Zus dgkμgs uUnth! eSa ;nqdydk iqjksfgr
gwμ
¡ ;g txr~esa loZ= izfl¼ gSA ;fn eSa rqEgkjs iq=dk laLdkj d:¡xk
rks dal le>sxk fd ;g nsodhdk iq= gSû‰û
lkjkFkZn£ÓkuhμLo;a fcH;nR;qRlkfgua uUn´p dalkÚh"k;ek.k% lqxIq resoSrr~
dkj;sR;fHkizk;s.k izR;kp{kk.k bokgμ;nwukfefrA ro ;nqRos·fi {kf=;RokHkkokék
;nqRo [;kfr%A vgUrq ;nqiqjksfgrRosu [;kr%] eRÏR;fena u xqIra LFkkL;rhfr
Hkko%û‰û
HkkokuqoknμxxkZpk;Zus Lo;a Hk;Hkhr gksdj vfr&mRlkgh uUn
egkjktdks xqIr :ils bl dk;Zdks djusd fo"k;eü dgkμvki
L
vR;kpkj djuseü ikih dal ihNs ug° gVsxkA rc rks geü cM+k gh
nq%[k gksxkûŠ&‹û
JhuUn mokpμ
vyf{krks·fLeu~ jgfl ekedjfi xksoztsA
d# f}tkfrlaLdkja LofLrokpuiwoZde~ûƒŒû
vUo;%μJhuUn mokpμ(xxZeqfud çfr) (JhuUn egkjkt R
dgus yxsμ)(;fn dalls cPpküd vfu"Vdh vkÓkÁk gS] rks)
vfLeu~ xks ozts (bl xks"Beü) eked% vfi (esjs vkReh; tuküd)
vyf{kr% (vKkr :ils) jgfl (,dkUr LFkkueü) LofLrokpuiwoZda
(LofLrokpud lkFk) f}tkfr&laLdkja (f}tkfr tuksfpr voÓ;
dÙkZO; laLdkjek=) d# (djü)ûƒŒû
vuqoknμ(JhuUnthus eu&gh&eu fopkj fd;k vkt HkkX;ls
,sls vkpk;Z vk;s gaS] fQj dc budk vkuk gksxk] ;g fufÓpr ug°
gSA vr% ckts vkfn rks fQj ct tk;saxs] vHkh doy 'kkL=h;
vko';d ÏR; djk ysrk gw¡) JhuUnegkjktus xxZeqfuls dgkμ
vkpk;Zoj! ;fn vkidks dalls bl ckydd bl izdkjdh
vfu"Vdh vk'kÁk gS rks xks'kkykesa ,dkUr LFkku gSμxksikyd
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d¡,ls jLlh [k°pus yxs] ijUrq ikuhls Hkjs gq, dyÓkdks [k°p u
ikusls tksjls eS;k&eS;k iqdkjus yxrsA ckydd Hk;Hkhr d.BLojdks
lqudj ;Ókksnk vkSj jksfg.kh ?kcjkdj vk¡xud pkjkü vksj ns[kus
yx°] ijUrq mUgü u ns[k ikusij vR;Ur O;kdy gks mB°A bld
iÓpkr~ os jke vkSj Ï".kd iqdkjusdh èofu lqudj d¡,d fudV
mifLFkr gqb± ,oa cM+h O;kdy gksdj iq=küdks xksneü ys x;° vkSj
dgus yx°μßbu vcksèk vÓkkUr ckydküd thoudh j{kk djuk
gekjs fy, lEHko ug° gSA gk;! gk;! ge bu ckydküdk dls
ikyu djü\ ,dek= ukjk;.kdh Ïikls gh vkt ckydküd çk.kküdh
j{kk gqbZ gSA FkksM+k&lk foyEc gksusls gh ;s ckyd d¡,eü tk
fxjrsAÞ rc ;Ókksnk vkSj jksfg.khus ijkeÓkZdj fLFkj fd;kμgeü ?kjd
dkeküdh vc dksbZ t:jr ug° gSA geü lnk&loZnk ckydküd lkFk
jguk gksxk] bld fcuk nwljk dksbZ mik; ug° nh[krk gSA
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lq[kh jgüAÞ czkã.kus vfèkd {k.k ogk¡ jguk mfpr ug° le>kA os
vius vuqHkwr ijekuUndks ysdj futZu LFkkueü cSBdj mldk
vkLoknu djusd fy, py fn;sA fu£o?u :ils czkã.kdk Hkkstu&
laokn lqudj ;Ókksnk eS;k iq=dks xksneü ysdj ?kjeü vk;° ,oa
tkusd fy, çLrqr ml czkã.kd pj.kküeü ç.kke djd dgus
yx°μgs eqfuoj! esjs iq=dk vijkèk {kek dj nüA vki vkÓkhokZn
djü fd esjs ckyddks nh?kZ thou çkIr gksA czkã.kus ehBs opuküls R
;Ókksnkdk çhfr&foèkku vkSj mud iq=d nh?kZ thoudh dkeukdj
mudk vkuUno¼Zu fd;k ,oa ;Ókksnkdh xksneü ;Ókksnk&uUnudks
ns[kdj egkuUnls ifjiw.kZ gksdj ogk¡ls çLFkku fd;kû„ƒ&„‡û
vle;eü cNM+küd cUèku [kksy nsrk gS] ;k mUgü ?ksjsls fudky nsrk
gSA cNM+s tc bèkj&mèkj nkSM+rs g®] rc ?kjd lHkh yksx tc mud
ihNs&ihNs nkSM+rs g®] ml le; ;g lqulku x`geü çosÓkdj ngh] nwèk
vkSj eD[ku pqjkdj Hkkx tkrk gSA vkSj fdlh fnu mls vkrs gq,
ns[kdj ^vjs! eD[ku pqjkusokyk dUgS;k vk x;k] mls idM+ks] ck¡èk
yks*]μ,slk dgdj fpYykusij rqEgkjk ckyd doy BBk&BBkdj
g¡lrk gSA mls rfud Hkh yTtk ug° vkrhA bld iÓpkr~ bldh R
egk&eknd g¡lh:i eèkqikueü eÙk gksdj ge lHkh LrCèk gksdj
ns[krh jg tkrh g®] mls euk Hkh ug° dj ikr°A ;g gekjh
vk¡[kküd lkeus nghdk crZu fudkydj cSB tkrk gS vkSj og°ij
cSBdj [kkrk gSA dg° ysdj Hkkxrk ug°] D;küfd og geü igys
gh eksfgr dj nsrk gSA
;fn dgks fdμml eD[ku&pksj ckyddks igys gh isV
Hkjdj f[kyk nks] rc pqjk;sxk ug°] rks xksfi;k¡ dgr° g® fd bls
Fkkyeü eD[ku nsusij dgrk gS fd esjs ?kjeü ngh] eD[kudh D;k
deh gS] tks rqEgkjk eD[ku [kkÅ¡\ bl çdkj nsusij Hkh ug°
[kkrk gSA dgrk gS fd eq>s Hkw[k ug° gSA okLroeü pqjkdj [kkuseü
bls cgqr vkuUn vkrk gSA bl çdkj mu xksfi;küus ijks{k vkSj
vijks{k nksukü çdkjls eD[ku&pksjhdk o.kZu fd;kA bl çdkj
cgqr&ls mik;ls ;g pksjh djrk gSA pksjh djd doy vdyk
ug° [kkrk] cUnjküdks Hkh f[kykrk jgrk gSA Lo;a [kkusls igysμ;g
rqEgkjk Hkkx gS] ;g rqEgkjk Hkkx gS] ,slk dgdj lcdks ck¡V nsrk
gSA cgqr [kkusls cUnj r`Ir gks tkrs g® vkSj mueüls ;fn dksbZ ug°
[kkrk gS] rc dgrk gS fd rqeus ug° [kk;k rks e® dls [kkÅ¡A
e® Hkh ug° [kkÅ¡xkμekuks blh nq%[kls ngh nwèk&Hkjs eVd QksM+
Mkyrk gSA vkSj fdlh fnu lqulku ?kjeü ?kqldj ngh&nwèk vkfn
u feyusij x`gLokehij fcxM+dj dgrk gSμBhd gS] dy pksjh
djusd fy, tyrh gqbZ ydM+h ys vkÅ¡xkA dN u feyusij o`¼
vkSj cPpküd lkFk ?kjdks Hkh tyk nw¡xkA ,slk dgrs gq, lksrs gq,
fÓkÓkqvküdks fpÅ¡Vh dkVdj #ykdj Hkkx tkrk gSû„‹û
670 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@Š@…Œ
mls nfèk] eD[ku vkfn oLrq,¡ fcuk pksjh fd;s gq, gh çR;{k :ils
fey ldrh g®] fQj Hkh cky&eqXèkrkd dkj.k ijks{k :ils fNidj
pqjkuseü gh bls vfèkd vkuUn gksrk gSA blfy, dkSu fdl le;
D;k dj jgk gS\ ;g tkuusd fy, ;g cky lgpjküdks ?kjd
Hkhrj Hkstdj tku ysrk gSû…Œû
djrk gSA esjk iq= vius leku mezokys xksickydküd lkFk feydj
[ksyrs&[ksyrs xksdyd fofHkék LFkkuküeü ?kwerk&fQjrk jgrk gS] vr%
tc bls Hkw[k yxrh gS] rc rqEgkjs ?kjküeü çosÓkdj pksjh djrk gSA
vr% tc ;g rqEgkjs ?kjküeü tkrk gS] rc bls dN [kkusd fy,
ns nsuk] ftlls fQj ;g pksjh ug° djsxkA Hkw[k yxusij Hkh
yTtkd dkj.k ;g rqels dN dg ug° ikrk gksxk] blfy, rqe
yksxküdks bldk eq¡g ns[kdj gh dN [kkusdks nsuk pkfg;sA rqEgkjs
?kjküeü tkusls rqe ;fn bls dN [kkusdks ug° nksxh] rc rks Hkw[kd
dkj.k fnu&çfrfnu pksjh djuk lh[k tk;sxk vkSj pksjh&fo|keü
vH;Lr gks tk;sxkA jktdekj gksdj pksjh djuk vR;Ur ifjrki
vkSj fuUnkdk fo"k; gSA vr% rqeyksx bl ckyddks pksjhdh fo|k
er fl[kkvksA rqEgkjs ?kjküeü tkusij bls dN [kkusdks t:j ns
nsukAÞ
xksdydh jef.k;k¡ dgus yx°μßvjh ;Ókksns! rqEgkjk nqykjk
xksdyoklh uj&ukfj;küd thoudk thou gSA gekjh mls f[kykusdh
fdruh bPNk gksrh gSA ge rktk eD[ku ysdj blls fdruk
vuqjksèk djrh g®] bls f[kykusd fy, fdruk ç;kl djrh g®]
ijUrq ;g fdlh Hkh çdkjls ug° [kkrk gS vkSj dgrk gSμ^rqEgkjk
eD[ku ehBk ug° yxrk gSA esjh eS;kdk eD[ku ehBk gksrk gSA
eS;kus eq>s cgqr f[kyk;k gS] esjk isV Hkjk gqvk gS] foÓokl ug°
gS] rks gkFk yxk djd ns[kksA* vc rqe gh crkvks fd ge D;k
djü] nq%[kls eu ekjdj ge gkFkdk eD[ku eVdeü gh j[k nsrh
g®A rqEgkjs iq=dk LoHkko ,slk gS fd bls vknjd lkFk nsusij ug°
[kkrk gS] ijUrq pksjh djd [kwc [kkrk gSA bls f[kykusd fy, ge
fdruk cqykrh g®] fdruk vkxzg djrh g®] ijUrq ;g Lohdkj ug°
djrk gS rFkk [ksyrs&[ksyrs nwljs ?kjeü pyk tkrk gSA ge eD[ku
gkFkeü ysdj ckgj njokts rd bld ihNs&ihNs nkSM+dj vkrh g®A
ijUrq ;g mis{kk djd pyk tkrk gSA ge eueü nq%[kh gksdj ?kjeü
ykSV vkrh g®] fQj gekjs ?kjd dkeküeü O;Lr gksusij ;g pqipki
L
vkdj ngh] nwèk] eD[ku vkfn pqjkdj [kkus yxrk gSA blls geü
,slk yxrk gS fd rqEgkjs ckyddks pksjh djd [kkuseü vPNk
yxrk gSA dHkh&dHkh dUgS;k gekjs ?kjküeü tkdj vle;eü gh
cNM+küdks [kksy nsrk gS] ;g Hkh doy eD[ku pqjkusdk bldk ,d
dkSÓky&foÓks"k gSA rqEgkjs bl ykM+ysus bruh de mezeü dls pksjh
djusdh pkrqjh lh[k yh gS] ge fdlh Hkh çdkjls ge fLFkj ug°
dj ikrh g®AÞ R
;g lqudj ;Ókksnkth dgrh g®μßvjh lf[k;ks! esjk iq=
LoHkkols gh cM+k ytkyq gS] blfy, fdlhd lkeus dN [kkrk ug°
gSA ,dkUreü [kkuk ilUn djrk gSA blfy, rqe yksxküdks bls
[kkusdks nsdj pys tkuk pkfg;sA rqeyksxküd [kkusd fy, vkxzg
djusij Hkh ug° [kkrk gS] ijUrq lqulku ?kjeü çosÓkdj [kkrk gS]
bldk rkRi;Z ;g gS fd ;g yTtkÓkhy gSA bleü mldh dksbZ
nq"Vrk ug° gSA ijUrq rqeyksx ekurh gks fd ;g pksjh djd [kkrk
gS vkSj mèke epkrk gSA ;fn Hkw[kd dkj.k rqEgkjk dN [kk ysrk
gS] rks mleü rqEgkjk D;k uqdlku gks tkrk gS\ vjs] eVdeü yxs
gq, nwèk] ngh vkfn [kkusls gh cPpsdk isV Hkj tkrk gS] bleü
uqdlkudh rks ckr gh ug° gSAÞ
;Ókksnkdh ckr lqudj xksdydh fL=;k¡ dgus yx°μß;Ókksns!
rqEgkjk iq= ;fn isV Hkjdj ngh] nwèk] eD[ku vkfn [kk;s] rks geü
dksbZ d"V ug°] vfirq mlls geü vkuUn gh gksrk gS] gekjk ngh]
eD[ku vkfn cukuk lkFkZd gksrk gSA ijUrq ;fn dHkh rqEgkjk
ykM+yk eD[ku pqjk ug° ik;k] rks gekjs ?kjeü isÓkkc dj nsrk gS
vkSj dgrk gS fd eq>s bl ?kjeü [kkusdks dN ug° feyk] blfy,
;gk¡ ey&ew= R;kx d:¡xkA fQj ey&ew= R;kx djusd LFkku vkSj
bl ?kjeü vUrj gh D;k gS\Þ
bl Óyksddh O;k[;keü oS".ko&rks"k.khdkjus dgk gSμ
txTtu ey èoafl Jo.k Le`fr dhÙkZuk%A
eyew=kfn jfgrk iq.;Óyksdk bfr Le`rk%û
680 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@Š@„ˆ&…ƒ
Hkh vius iq=dks Mjk gqvk ns[kdj mls fdlh çdkjdh Mk¡V&QVdkj
ug° yxk;hû„ˆ&…ƒû
Jh;'kksnk mokpμ
dLekUe`nenkUrkReu~ Hkoku~ Hkf{kroku~ jg%A
onfUr rkodk ásrs dekjkLrs·xztks·I;;e~û…†û
vUo;%μvnkUrkReu~ (gs vÓkkUrfpÙk) dLekr~ (fdlfy,)
Hkoku~ jg% (rwus ,dkUreü) e`na (feêh) Hkf{kroku~ ([kk;h) ,rs
rkodk% (;s rqEgkjs lgpj) dekjk% (xksickydx.k) fg onfUr
(dg jgs g®) v;a rs (;g rqEgkjk) vxzt% (jke) vfi (Hkh dg
jgk gS)û…†û
vuqoknμeS;kus Mk¡Vrs gq, iwNkμD;ksa js uV[kV! rwus
fNidj feêh D;ksa [kk;h\ rw cgqr <hB gks x;k gSA rsjs nyd
l[kk dg jgs gSa rFkk rsjk cM+k HkS;k cynkÅ Hkh rks dg jgk
gS fd rwus feêh [kk;h gSû…†û
lkjkFkZn£Ókuhμgs vnkUrkReu~μp´pyxk=] gs vuofLFkrfpÙk! e`nfefrμ
en~x`gs ¥d flrkfnda u izkIuks"khfr Hkko%A jg bfrμeRlk{kkÙkn'käs%A onfUr
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rkodk bfr] uk;a feF;kiokn bfr Hkko%A eÙkkM+ukdkf³{k.k ,rs e}Sfj.k ,osfr
psÙkokxztks cynsoksihfr v;fefr RoRlk{kknsosfr uk= lUnsg bfr Hkko%û…†û
Hkkokuqoknμ;Ókksnk cksy°μ^gs vnkUrkReu*μßvjs uV[kV ckyd!
D;k gekjs ?kjeü rq>s feljh Hkh ug° feyh] tks eq>ls fNi djd
;gk¡ futZueü rwus feêh [kk;h gSA yks] rqEgkjs l[kk yksx gh cksy
jgs g®AÞ dUgS;kus dgkμßug° eS;kμ;s rqels eq>s fiVokusd fy,
,slk cksy jgs g®AÞ eS;kus dgkμßns[k! rsjs lkeus nkÅ Hkh dg R
jgk gSA vr% bleü dksbZ lUnsg gS gh ug°ûÞ…†û
JhÏ".k mokpμ
ukga Hkf{krokuEc los Z feF;kfHk'ka f lu%A
;fn lR;fxjLr£g le{ka i'; es eq[ke~û…‡û
vUo;%μvEc (gs ekr%) vga u Hkf{kroku~ (e®us feêh ug°
[kk;h) losZ feF;kfHkÓkaflu% (;s lHkh >wV cksyusokys g®) ;fn
lR;fxj% (;fn ;s lp cksy jgs g®) r£g (rc) le{ka (lk{kkr~
:ils) es eq[ka iÓ; (esjk eq[k ns[k yks)û…‡û
vuqoknμJhÏ".kus dgkμvjh eS;k! e®us feêh ugha [kk;hA
;s lc feF;koknh gSaA ;fn rqe bUghadh ckr lR; ekurh gks rks
viuh vk¡[kksals gh esjk eq[k ns[k yksû…‡û
lkjkFkZn£ÓkuhμÏ".k mokpμukgfefrA ckY;LoHkkosu rkM+uHk;kfUeF;ksfä&
okZRlY;jliksf"kdk] vr,o okRlY;knhuka jlkuka iszefoykle;Rokr~ iszeork´p
HkäRokr~ HkxorÓp HkäoRlyRokr~A HkäokRlY;L; p i`fFkO;qä lR;'kkSpn;kfn&
fuR;fpUe;loZx.q kx.kpØo£ÙkRokr~ HkäokRlY;xq.kkÂHkwrk psR;soaHkwrRos feF;kn;ks
Hkxofr u nks"kk;Urs] izR;qr egkxq.kpwMke.kh HkoUrhfr foospuh;e~û…‡û
HkkokuqoknμJhÏ".kus dgkμ^ukga*μeS;k! e®us feêh ug° [kk;hA
;s lHkh ckyd rqels eq>s ekj f[kykusd fy, >wB cksyrs g®A ;gk¡
JhÏ".kdk >wB cksyuk okRlY;jldk iks"kd gSA D;küfd bleü
çsehtu Hkä vkSj Hkxoku~ HkäoRly g®A tSls çFke&LdUèkeüμcSy:ih
èkeZd mÙkjeü i`Fohnsohdh mfä gSμ^lR;a ÓkkSpa n;k* (ƒ@ƒˆ@„†&„‰)
684 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@Š@…‡&…ˆ
vjs vcksèk ckyd! feêh [kkusdh ckr D;k e® dg jgh gw¡\ rqEgkjs
lgpj ;s lHkh cPps dg jgs g®A mudh ckr ifjgkl gks ldrh
gS] fdUrq I;kjs! rsjk nkÅ Hkh dg jgk gSA D;k ;g Hkh >wB cksy
jgk gS\ ;gk¡ rks lHkh mifLFkr g® rFkk lHkh ,d Lojls dg jgs
g®μrwus feêh [kk;h gSA
^Ï".kfgrSf"k.kh ;Ókksnk*μÏ".k&fgrd fy, eS;k ;'kksnk dHkh
mls dBksjLojls mUgü Mk¡Vus yxrh g® rks dHkh dksey Lojls mUgü
le>kus yxrh g®A okRlY;çsed bl vfuoZpuh; O;ogkjeü ik"kk.k
ân;küeü Hkh çsedk >adkj gksus yxrk gSA lHkh yksx vkRefgrd
fy, Ï".kdk Lro] ikB] eU=ti] ew£Ùkè;ku] fujkdkjRodh Hkkouk
vkfn ukukfoèk mik;küdk voyEcu djrs g®] fdUrq Ï".k&fgrd
fy, Ï".kdk frjLdkj djusdk vfèkdkj ,dek= ek¡ ;Ókksnk ,oa
mud pj.kkfJr okRlY;çseorh xksfi;kü vkSj le;≤ij okRlY;&
çseoku uUnckck ,oa mud vuqxr xksiküd vfrfjä dHkh fdlhd
fy, lEHko ug° gks ldrkA
ftu JhÏ".kdh Ïik&dVk{kls vf.kekfn flf¼ ikusd fy,
cM+s&cM+s ;ksxh è;ku&eqfær us=küls cSBs gq, ;qx&;qxkUrj O;rhr dj
nsrs g®] ftudh Ïikn`f"Vls mudh fojkV~ lÙkkeü viuh ek;k&ifjfPNék
{kqæ lÙkkdks ,d djusd fy, fdrus Kkuh Kku&lkèkukeü leLr
çdkjdk Kku [kksdj KkuLo:i gksusd fy, ykykf;r jgrs g®]
ftu Ï".kdk Ïik&çnÙk deZQy ikusd fy, dehZ dBksj ifjJe
vkSj cgqr fnukü rd lkè; dekZuq"Bkueü thoudks mRlxZ djrs g®]
ftudh Ïikls mudk pj.kkJ;dj lkyksD; vkfn eqfä ikusd fy,
fdrus Hkä Hkfä&lkèkukeü yxs gq, g®] fdrus HkkX;oku lkèkd
fujUrj Ókq¼Hkfä&lkèkukeü fu;qä gksdj oztokfl;küd vkuqxR;dh
vkÓkkeü cSBs gq, g®] ;Ókksnk eS;k vius vkRe&fgrdh oklukdk
R;kxdj doyek= mu JhÏ".kdh fgrdh vfHkyk"kk ysdj mudk
frjLdkj djuseü ysÓkek= Hkh ladksp ug° djrh g®A èkU; gS mudk
okRlY; çse ,oa èkU; gS mudk Ï".k lsok&vfèkdkjA
L
,rf}fp=a lg thodky&
LoHkkodekZ ' k;fyÂHks n e~ A
lwuksLrukS oh{; fonkfjrkL;s]
ozta lgkRekueoki 'kÁke~û…‹û
vUo;%μlk (og ;Ókksnk ekrk) r= (Ï".kd eq[keü) txr~
LFkkLuq p (LFkkoj&tÂe) [ka (vkdkÓk) fnÓk% lkfæ}hikfCèk Hkwxksya
(fnÓkk,¡] ioZr] }hi] leqæ] Hkwry) lok¸oXuhUnqrkjda (ok;q] vfXu]
R
pUæ] rkjdkvkü&lfgr) T;ksfr'pØa (T;ksfr&e.My) tya rst%
uHkLoku~ (ty] rst] ok;q) fo;r~ (vkdkÓk) ,o p oSdkfjdkf.k
(vgadkjls foÏr egkHkwr leqnk;) bfUæ;kf.k eu% ek=k% (bfUæ;
leqnk;] eu] :i] jl] xUèk] ÓkCn] LiÓkZ) =;% (lÙo] jt%]
re%μrhu xq.k) tho dky LoHkko dekZÓk;fyÂa Hksna (tho] xq.k
{kksHkdkjh dky] ifj.kke gsrq LoHkko] tUe&gsrq deZ ,oa mldk
laLdkj] vUr%dj.k ,oa pjkpj Ókjhj) ,rn~fofp=a fo'oa lgkRekua
(vius lfgr fofp= fo'odks) (rFkk) czta p fonkfjrkL;s
(oztHkwfe&lfgr lHkh dN ml [kqys gq,) lquks% (iq=d eq¡geü) rukS
oh{; ÓkÁka (ns[kdj iq=d vfu"Vdh vkÓkÁk) voki (djus
yxh)û…‰&…‹û
vuqoknμ;'kksnknsohd dgusls Ï".kus tc eq[k [kksyk rks
mUgü mud tBjesa lEiw.kZ fo'o fn[kk;h fn;kA mlesa LFkkoj] tÂe]
vUrjh{k yksd] fn'kk,¡] ioZr] }hi] leqæ] Hkwry] ok;qdk izokg]
vfXu] pUæek] rkjs] T;ksfr"pØ] ty] rst] iou] vkdk'k]
vgadkjls mRiék leLr Hkwr] lkjh bfUæ;k¡] eu] rUek=k,¡] lÙo]
jt] re ,oa tho] dky] LoHkko] deZ] laLdkj vkSj vk'k;Ïr
pjkpj 'kjhj Hksnls ;qä ;g fofp= fo'o ,d gh lkFk eq[kesa
fn[kk;h fn;kA mUgksaus viusdks vius ifrdks ,oa vius iq=kfnd
lkFk lEiw.kZ ozt&e.Mydks Hkh ,d lkFk ml eq[keü ns[kkA ek¡
;'kksnkth ;g lc ns[kdj iq=d vfu"Vdh vk'kÁkls Mj
x;haû…‰&…‹û
692 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@Š@…‰&…‹
dfn~c¼
q e
s ksgZ % foi;kZl%\ ufg ufg] LokLF;le;s lEizfr ee cqf¼eksgdkj.kkHkkokr~A
vFkks vFkok veq"; ee ckydL; ^ukj.k;.kleks xq.kS%* (JheÚkñ ƒŒ@Š@ƒ‹)
bfr xxZo£.kregkizHkkoRokr~ dÓpukfpUR; vkRe;ksx% vkReh;eSÓo;Ze~û†Œû
Hkkokuqoknμ;Ókksnk eS;k bl vkÓp;Zdks ns[kdj lkspus yx°μD;k
;g LoIu gS ;k dksbZ nso&ek;k\ eq>s eksfgrdj nsorkvküdk D;k
ykHk gksxk\ rc D;k ;g esjh cqf¼dk foi;Z; gS\ ,slk rks gks
ug° ldrkA ,slk cqf¼&foi;Z; gksusdk dksbZ dkj.k Hkh ug° gSA ;k
fQj esjs iq=dk gh dksbZ çHkko gS\ D;küfd xxkZpk;Zthus dgk
Fkkμxq.kküeü ;g ukjk;.kd leku gSA blfy, esjs iq=dk gh ;g dksbZ
vfpUR; ,sÓo;Z gSû†Œû
vFkks ;Fkkoékford x ks p ja ]
psrkseu%deZopksfHkj´tlk A
;nkJ;a ;s u ;r% çrh;rs ]
lqnq£oHkkO;a ç.krkfLe rRine~û†ƒû
vUo;%μpje i{kdk vkJ;dj ;gh bZ'oj gksxk] ,slk
fu'p;dj dgus yxh) vFkks psrkseu% deZ opksfHk% (fpÙk] eu]
deZ vkSj opud }kjk) ;Fkkor~ (;FkkFkZ :ieü) (tks) u ford
xkspja (rddk fo"k; ug° gksrk gS) inkJ;a (tks txr~dk vkJ;
g®) ;r% (tgk¡ls bl txr~dh mRifÙk gqbZ gS) lqnq£oHkkO;a (tks
vR;Ur vfpUR;&Lo:i g®) rRina (e® mud pj.kdeyküeü) ç.krk
vfLe (ç.kr gks jg° g¡w)û†ƒû
vuqoknμfpÙk] eu] deZ ,oa ok.khd }kjk rFkk rdd }kjk
ftld Lo:idk ;FkkFkZ :ils vuqeku ugha fd;k tk ldrk] tks
lEiw.kZ txr~d vkJ; gSa] tks bl txr~d izsjd gSa vkSj ftudh
lÙkkls bl txr~dh izrhfr vuk;kl gh gksrh gS] eSa mud pj.kksaesa
iz.kke djrh gw¡A vFkkZr~ eSa mudk Lej.k] fpUru rFkk /;ku djusesa
vleFkZ gw¡] D;küfd os lEiw.kZ :ils fpUrud ijs gSa] loZFkk vfpUR;
gaSA os esjs iq=d vfu"Vdks leLr izdkjls iz'kfer djsaû†ƒû
L
,oa ;ÓkksnkuUnu Hkh eq¡g [kksydj tuuhd lkeus [kM+s g®] ;g n`Ó;
Hkh ns[kkA
ek¡ ;Ókksnk vius iq=d eq¡geü bl ije vÚqr vkÓp;Zdk
nÓkZudj ¥ddÙkZO;&foew<+ gks x;°A eu&gh&eu fopkj djus
yx°μD;k e® LoIu ns[k jgh gw¡\ ;fn ;g LoIu ug° gS] rks esjs
iq=d NksVsls eq¡gd vUnj esjh lkekU; n`f"Veü ;qxir~ czãk.Mdk
nÓkZu dls lEHko gks jgk gS\ çFker% mUgküus ^e® LoIu ns[k jgh R
gw¡* ,slk eku fy;k Fkk] ijUrq fQj cksy° fdμug°] ;g rks LoIu
ug° gSA fufær voLFkkd fcuk LoIu ug° gksrk gSA e® rks fufær
ug° gw¡] tkx jgh gw¡ ,oa vius iq=] x`g] xksickyd vkfn lHkhdks
ns[k jgh gw¡A vr,o esjk ;g ije vÚqr&nÓkZu LoIu&dfYir ug°
gSA rks ;g D;k nso&ek;k gS\ esjs vkjkè; nsork ukjk;.kus D;k
eq>dks eksfgr djusd fy, viuk ek;ktky foLrkj fd;k gS\
mudh ek;kd fcuk fdlhd }kjk ;g lEHko ug° gSA foÓks"kdj esjs
bl NksVsls iq=d eq¡geü dHkh Hkh brus foÓkky n`Ó;dk vkèkkj
lEHko ug° gks ldrk gSA vr% ukjk;.kdh ek;kls ,slk vlEHkkfor
n`Ó;dk çdkÓk gqvk gS] rks ;g n`Ó; lcd xkspj D;kü ug° gksrk
gS\ cyjke vkSj xksickyd Hkh ;gk¡ mifLFkr g®] os Hkh esjs bl
p
y ckydd eq¡geü ^feêh gS ;k ug°* ijh{kkdj ns[k jgs g®A ijUrq
mud eq[kij dksbZ Hk; ;k foLe;dk fpÊ fn[kk;h ug° ns jgk gSA
vr,o voÓ; gh ;s bl vÚqr n`Ó;dks ns[k ug° ik;sA
rc Jhukjk;.kus D;k ,dek= eq>s gh eksfgr djusd fy,
esjh n`f"Vd lkeus ,sls ije vÚqr n`Ó;dks çdkfÓkr fd;k gS\
blls mudk D;k mísÓ; lkfèkr gksxk\ ftudh ek;kd ysÓkek=ls
gh czãkfn nsox.k eksfgr gks tkrs g®] os ek;kèkhÓk Hkxoku~ esjs tSls
rqPN O;fädks D;kü eksfgr djüxs\ D;k ;g mudh ijh{kk gS\ e®
D;k mudh ijh{kkeü mÙkh.kZ gksus ;ksX; gw¡\ e® vukfn dkyls mudh
ek;keü eqXèk gksdj ifr&iq=] nsg&xsg vkfneü vklä gks jgh gw¡]
vr% os esjh D;kü ijh{kk djüxs\ blfy, esjs iq=d eq[k&foojeü
vÚqr nÓkZuμJhukjk;.kdh ek;k ug° gS] voÓ; gh esjh cqf¼eü gh
700 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@Š@…‰&†„
dksbZ Hkze gks jgk gSA esjs iq=dk vÂ&çR;Â vkfn uhyef.k
niZ.kdh Hkk¡fr LoPN gS] vr% lEHkor% mleü dksbZ oLrq çfrfcfEcr
gksdj fn[kk;h ns jgh gSA ogh ns[kdj esjk cqf¼&foi;Z; gks jgk
gSA
bls çfrfoEc ekudj ekrk ;Ókksnk ,d ckj lkeus ns[krh g®]
,d ckj iq=d eq¡geü ns[krh g®A iq=d eq¡geü iqu% lcdN ns[kdj
;Ókksnkth fopkj djus yx°μ;g dlk çfrfoEc gS\ niZ.k vkfn
LoPN oLrqeü rks doy mld lkeusdh oLrq fn[kk;h nsrh gS] ijUrq
;gk¡ rks leLr xksdy rFkk xksi&xksih] iÓkq&i{kh] o`{k&yrk lHkh
dN fn[kk;h ns jgs g®A ;g lc dN rks ckydd lkeus ug° gS]
fQj doy ,d gh ug°] ,sls fdrus l®dM+kü xksdy bld eq¡geü
nh[k jgs g®! ;g ;fn çfrfoEc ug° gS] rc e® D;k ns[k jgh gw¡\
;g fdlh Hkh çdkjls esjh cqf¼dk Hkze ug° gks ldrkA e® lc
dN ns[k jgh gw¡ vkSj le> jgh gw¡A doyek= bl n`Ó;dks ns[kdj
D;k d:¡ vkSj D;k ug° d:¡] le> ug° ik jgh gw¡A
rks fQj D;k ;g esjs iq=dk gh dksbZ LoHkkofl¼ ,sÓo;Z gSA
D;küfd ukedj.kd le; loZK&fÓkjksef.k xxkZpk;Zthus dgk Fkkμ;g
ckyd lEin] ;Ók% ,oa egkçHkkoeü ukjk;.kd rqY; gksxkA blfy,
ukjk;.k&rqY; egkçHkko&lEiék esjs iq=d eq[k&foojeü ,slk vÚqr
nÓkZu dN Hkh vlEHko ug° gSA ukjk;.kdh Ïikls ,oa czkã.kküd
vkÓkhokZnls esjk iq= ukjk;.k&rqY; egkçHkkoÓkkyh gSμblhfy,
bld eq¡geü ,sls vÚqr n`Ó; fn[kk;h ns jgs g®A ukjk;.kdh Ïikls
esjs iq=dks nh?kZ thou çkIr gks rFkk ;g oztokfl;küdk vkuUn&o¼Zu
djsA gs ukjk;.k! vkidh Ïikls bl egk çHkkolEiék iq=dks
çkIrdj e® lQy&euksjFk gqbZ gw¡A vkidh Ïikls ;g ckyd lcdk
fÓkjksHkw"k.k gks] ge vkid bl vuqxzgd nkuls dHkh of´pr ug°
gküA
bl çdkj ekrk ;Ókksnkus ukjk;.kls çkFkZuk djrs gq, mUgü
ç.kke fuosnu fd;k vkSj dgus yx°μgs ukjk;.k! e® bl iq=d
eq¡geü bl vÚqr n`Ó;dks ns[kdj iq=dh veÂy&vkÓkÁkls Mjh gqbZ
L
gw¡A bldk dkj.k ,dek= eerk gSA esjh ;fn bl iq=d çfr eerk
ug° jgrh] rc eq>s dksbZ veÂydh vkÓkÁk ug° jgrhA e® ;Ókksnk
g¡w] xksijkt esjs ifr g®] esjs lkeus [kM+k gqvk esjk iq= gS] e®
uUnjktdh lHkh lEifÙk;küdh vfèkdkfj.kh ,oa oztd xksi&xksih esjh
çtk g®] ,slk vfHkeku esjs loZfoèk vuFkks±dk ewy gSA Jhukjk;.kd
pj.kdeyküd Hktu&foghu O;fä;küdh gh mudh ek;kls ,slh
dcqf¼ gksrh gSA blfy, os fofoèk&çdkjd lq[k&nq%[kküeü loZnk R
eksfgr gksrs jgrs g®A gs ukjk;.k! esjh bl eerkdks nwj dj nksA
ftlls e® nsg] xsg] ifr&iq= vkfneü eksgÓkwU; gksdj fufÓpUr :ils
vkidk pj.kkJ; dj ld¡A esjh defrdks nwj djüA e® bl eerkd
cUèkueü ug° jguk pkgrh gw¡û…‰&†„û
Jhjktksokpμ
uUn% fdedjksn~czãu~ Js; ,oa egksn;e~A
;'kksnk p egkHkkxk iikS ;L;k% Lrua gfj%û†ˆû
vUo;%μJhjktk (egkjkt ijhf{kr~ cksys) czãu~ (gs czãu~!)
uUn% (uUn egkjkt) gfj% ;L;k% Lrua iikS (Jhgfjus ftldk
Lruiku fd;k) egkHkkxk ;Ókksnk p (vkSj og egkHkkX;Ókkyh
;Ókksnkdk) egksn;a (egku~ mn; ftlls) ,oa (bl çdkj) (mUgküus)
¥d Js;% (dkSu&lh riL;k) vdjksr~ (iwoZ dkyeü dh gS)û†ˆû
vuqoknμjktk ijhf{kr~us iwNkμgs czãu~! uUnckckus ,slk
dkSu&lk cM+k eÂye; lk/ku fd;k Fkk\ vkSj egk HkkX;orh
;'kksnknsohus Hkh ,slh dkSu&lh riL;k Fkh] ftld dkj.k Lo;a&
Hkxoku~us vius eq[kls mudk Lruiku fd;kû†ˆû
lkjkFkZn£Ókuhμ,sÓo;Zn'kZuJo.kkH;kefi rL;k% izes nk<îZekd.;Z d£eizHk`frH;ks
HkäsH;ÓpkfHkO;T;ekueqRd"kZ´p tkufékfrfoLe;su i`PNfrμuUn bfrA egku~
mn;% Qya ;L; rr~A egkHkkxsfr uUnknfi rL;k% Js;ks·fèkdefHkizSfrû†ˆû
Hkkokuqoknμ,sÓo;Zdk nÓkZu vkSj Jo.k djd Hkh Jh;Ókksnkd
çsedh bruh n`<+rk lqudj vkSj dehZ vkfn rFkk Hkäküls Hkh mudk
vfèkd çdkÓkeku mRd"kZ tkudj egkjkt ijhf{kr~us vfr foLe;d
lkFk iwNkμ^uUn% fdedjksr~* vkfnA xksijkt uUn ^egksn;* vFkkZr~
egku~ lkSHkkX;Ókkyh g®A mUgküus ,slk egku~ iq.;tud dkSulk dk;Z
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Jh'kqd mokpμ
æks.kks olwuka çojks èkj;k lg Hkk;Z;kA
dfj";ek.k vkns ' kku~ cz ã .kLreq o kp gû†Šû
vUo;%μJhÓkqd mokp (JhÓkqdnsothus dgkμ) olwuka çoj%
(olqvküeü loZJs"B) æks.k% (æks.kus) èkj;k (èkjk ukedh) Hkk;Z;k lg
(iRuhd lkFk) czã.k% (firkegd) vknsÓkku~ dfj";ek.k% (xks&ikyu&
vkfn&:i vknsÓkdk ikyu djrs gq,) ra (czãkdks) mokp g
(fuosnu fd;k)û†Šû
vuqoknμJh'kqdnsothus dgkμuUnckck iwoZtUeesa ,d Js"B
olq Fks mudk uke æks.k Fkk vkSj mudh Hkk;kZdk uke èkjk FkkA
mUgksaus czãkthd vkns'kdk ikyu djusdh bPNkls muls dgkû†Šû
lkjkFkZn£ÓkuhμÏ".kkorkjL; rnh; ckY;yhykuk´p fuR;Roknso
uUn;'kksn;ks£uR;fl¼Roa Li"VfefrA ukI;srkn`'k% ise
z k lkèkufl¼ks HkforqegZrhR;fi
tkurks·fi jkKks·L; iz'uks·;a ;Fkk HkäkO;qRiékL;sR;rLr= eekI;qÙkja rkn`'kh
HkforqegZrhfr iz"Vfj jktU;qnklhueuk ,okgμæks.k bfrA vkns'kku~ xksikyukfny{k.kku~
ra czãk.ke~û†Šû
HkkokuqoknμJhÏ".k&vorkj ,oa rnh; ckY;yhyklewgd
fuR;Rod dkj.k Jh;Ókksnk eS;k vkSj uUnckck fuR;fl¼ g®μ;g
Li"V gSA ,slk çse lkèkufl¼küeü dnkfi ug° gks ldrk gSA ;g
tkudj Hkh ijhf{kr~thus ,sdkfUrd Hkfäd fo"k;eü vufHkK
O;fädh Hkk¡fr çÓu fd;k vkSj JhÓkqdnsothus Hkh fopkj fd;k fd
tSlk çÓu gS] oSlk gh mÙkj gksuk pkfg;sA ,slh Hkkoukdj çÓudÙkkZ
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fopkj u djd lcdks nku fn;kA cgqr ç;kl djd rhoz lkèkuk
djd JhÏ".kd fudV LoxkZfn Hkksx] vf.kekfn v"V flf¼ ;k
eqfä çkfIrd LFkkuij Hkfä ykHk djuk cgqr dfBu gSA ijUrq
JhÏ".kdh ckyyhykeü ns[kk tkrk gS fd mUgküus iwruk jk{klhdks
Hkh èkk=h tSlh tuuh&xfr çnku dhA vr,o JhÏ".kdh ckyyhykdh
Hkk¡fr mnkj yhyk ns[kus&lquusdks ug° feyrh gSA fdUrq dlk
vkÓp;Z gS fd olqnso vkSj nsodh JhÏ".kd firk&ekrkd :ieü R
loZ= çfl¼ g®A ijUrq os Hkh JhÏ".kdh bl ckyyhykjldk
vkLoknu ug° dj ldA JhÏ".k ozteü uUn&;Ókksnk ,oa oztoklh
xksi&xksfi;küd fudV yhyk fouksn djusd i'pkr~ X;kjg o"kZdh
voLFkkeü nsodh&olqnsod fudV vk;sA JhÏ".kdh bl ckyyhykdk
o.kZu fdruk d:¡\ txr~&ò"Vk czãk l`f"Vd çFke çHkkrls vkt
rd mu yhykvküdk dhÙkZu dj jgs g®A JhÏ".kdh ;g ije mnkj
yhyk gh dfygr thoküd dfynks"k fuokj.kdk ,dek= mik; gSA
bl ije mnkj ckyyhykdk tks vkLoknu dj jgs g®] u tkus os
xksijkt uUn vkSj mudh x`fg.kh ;Ókksnkus tUe&tUekUrjeü fdruh
lkèkuk dh Fkhμftld ifj.kke&Lo:i mUgküus bl ije lkSHkkX;dks
izkIr fd;k vkSj txr~dks Hkh ÏrkFkZ dj fn;kA egkjkt ijhf{kr~thd
bl ije vkxzg ,oa vkosxe; çÓudks lqudj ijegal&fÓkjksef.k
JhÓkqdnsothus uUn vkSj ;Ókksnkd tUekUrjh; lkèkukd fo"k;eü
dguk çkjEHk fd;kμ;|fi uUn&;Ókksnk JhÏ".kd fuR;fl¼
firk&ekrk g®] lkèku djd mUgküus JhÏ".keü okRlY;çsse çkIr ug°
fd;k] vfirq os JhÏ".kd gh foÓkq¼lÙod èkuhHkwr foxzg g®A
firk ekrk LFkku x`g Ók¸;klu vkjA
, lc Ï".ksj Ókq¼ lÙosj fodkjû
fQj Hkh egkjkt ijhf{kr~thd lkèku&fo"k;d çÓudk mÙkj
nsusd fy, JhÓkqdnsothus æks.k vkSj èkjkdh lkèkukd fo"k;eü dguk
çkjEHk fd;kA ;s æks.k vkSj èkjk uUn&;Ókksnkd vaÓk g®A
çsedk LoHkko ;gh gS fd çseh vius fo"k;dk lHkh çdkjls
vkLoknu djusd fy, lnk O;kdy jgrs g®A okRlY;çsed vkèkkj
720 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@Š@†ˆ&‡„
xzg.k fd;k ,oa os Hkh ^olq* ukels fojO;kr gq,A bu v"V olqvküeü
JhÏ".kd fuR;fl¼ firk uUnd vaÓk æks.k gh loZJs"B g®A czãkus
bl olq&çoj æks.kdks i`Fohij tUe xzg.kdj xkslsok ,oa JhÏ".kd
tud olqnsod lkFk fe=rk LFkkiu djusd fy, vknsÓk fn;k FkkA
,sÓo;Z&fefJr okRlY;çseeü Ï".klsokjldk vkLoknu djusd fy,
uUnd vaÓkfoÓks"k eFkqjkeü olqnso :ieü vorh.kZ gq, g®A
olq&çoj æks.kus viuh iRuh èkjkd lkFk czãkdk vknsÓk R
ikyueü ÏrlÁYi gksdj czãkd fudV çkFkZuk dhμgekjs i`Fohij
tUe xzg.k djusij yhykekèkqjheü loZeuksgj foÓofu;Urk Hkxoku~
Jhgfjeü geü çseHkfä çkIr gksA
;|fi okRlY;çseoku uUnd vaÓk olq&çoj æks.kdk JhÏ".keü
okRlY;çsedh çkFkZuk djuk LokHkkfod gS] fQj Hkh JhÏ".kd
,sÓo;ZKkufu"B eqfu;küd lÂd dkj.k foÓkq¼ okRlY;çseoku uUnd
vaÓk æks.kdk Hkh lk{kkr~ lEcUèkeü okRlY;çsels Ï".klsok çkfIrd
fy, oj çkFkZuk djuseü ladksp vk x;k FkkA blfy, mudh
okRlY;çsels Ï".klsok&çkfIrdh ekufld vfHkyk"kk jgusij Hkh
mUgküus Li"V :ils mls çdkfÓkr u djd opu&HkfÂls çdkfÓkr
fd;k gSA
czãkth æks.kd euksxr Hkkodks le> x;s ,oa ^rFkkLrq*
dgdj mudh çkFkZukd vuq:i oj çnku fd;kA mld iÓpkr~
le;ij olq&çoj æks.kus uUn&:ieü ,oa èkjkus ;Ókksnk&:ieü czteü
tUe xzg.k fd;kA
fuR;fl¼ okRlY;çseoku uUnd vaÓk olq&çoj æks.kdk Hkh
JhÏ".keü fuR;fl¼ okRlY;çse gSμbleü dksbZ lUnsg ug° gSA ijUrq
çsed vr`Ir LoHkko&gsrq ije mRd.Bkeü æks.kus czãkd fudV ,sls
ojdh çkFkZuk dh Fkhμiszeoku Hkädk LoHkko ;g gS fd mudk
ân; çsels ifjiw.kZ jgusij Hkh os çsekfHkekuh ug° gksrsA çsed
LoHkkols nSU; Hkko&gsrq çseh O;fä lcls Ï".kHkfädh çkFkZuk djrs
g®A Hkä&pwM+kef.k èkzqous Hkh dcsjd fudV bl çdkjd ojdh
çkFkZuk dh FkhA ^xksfoUnd pj.kküeü eq>s Hkfä çkIr gksA* vf[ky
722 n'ke% LdU/k% ý ƒŒ@Š@†ˆ&‡„
czãk.Mifr Hkxoku~ ftud iq= gksdj tUe xzg.k djrs g®] ,sls vfr
mÙke iq=dh çkfIrls mldh efgekdh o`f¼ gksrh gSA vr,o bl
dkeukd dkj.k iq=&:ieü JhÏ".k&çkfIrdh ykylk gksuk vlEHko
ug° gSA blfy, olq&çoj æks.kus Ï".kdks iq=&:ieü çkIr djusdh
oj&çkFkZuk u djd yhyk&ekèkq;Zeü loZeuksgj Jhgfjeü ijekHkfä
vFkkZr~ okRlY;çseksfpr lsokdh çkFkZuk dhA
ldke lkèkd vkSj Ókq¼Hkäd vHkh"V oj&çkFkZukeü cgqr
vUrj jgrk gSA ldke lkèkd doyek= viuh vfHkyk"kk iw.kZ
djusd fy, oj&çkFkZuk djrs g®] ijUrq Ókq¼Hkä vius fy, dN
Hkh çkFkZuk ug° djrs g®A mudk euksxr Hkko ;g gksrk gS fd
JhÏ".k okRlY;jl vkLoknu djü vkSj ^gekjs çk£Fkr ojls txr~dk
dY;k.k gksA*
Ókq¼Hkä&pwM+kef.k æks.kus Hkh czãkd fudV Ï".kHkfä:ih
ojdh çkFkZuk djrs gq, dgk Fkkμ^;Fkk´tks nqxZ¥r rjsr~*μgeü ,slh
Ï".kHkfä çkIr gks] ftlls ml Hkfä&xkFkkdks lqudj txr~&tho
vuk;kl gh ÏrkFkZ gks tk;¡A
czãkfn nsox.k Hkh Hkxoku~dh lsokdh çkFkZuk djrs g®μblfy,
Hkxoku~dk uke ^tuknZu* gSA (tuS% czãkfnfHk% víZrs ;kP;rs u rq
lk{kkr~ çkI;rs bfr tuknZu%) ;s tuknZu fdlhd Hkh iq= ug° gksrs
gaS] os lcd firk g®A ijUrq uUn&;Ókksnkd okRlY;çseeü os fpjdky
uUn vkSj ;Ókksnkd uUnu g®A olq&çoj æks.k uUnd vaÓk g®μ;g
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