UNIVERSITY OF MAURITIUS

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS MAY 2010

PROGRAMME BEng (Hons) Chemical and Renewable Engineering BEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering MODULE NAME DATE Electrical Energy Systems Friday 7 May 2010 TIME NO. OF QUESTIONS SET 9.30 11.30 hrs DURATION 5 NO. OF QUESTIONS TO BE ATTEMPTED MODULE CODE ELEC 2033(3)/ ELEC 2233(3) 2 hours 4

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Answer any 4 questions. All questions carry equal marks.

ELECTRICAL ENERGY SYSTEMS ELEC 2033(3)/ELEC 2233(3) Question 1 (a) Define (i) (ii) Demand Factor Load Factor [3 + 3 marks] (b) A consumer has an annual consumption of 2 x 10 5 kWh. The tariff is Rs 50 per kW of maximum demand (yearly) plus 10 cents per kWh. (i) Calculate the annual bill and overall cost per kWh if the load factor is 35%. The overall cost per kWh if the consumption is reduced by 25% and the load factor remains at 35% The overall cost per kWh if the load factor is 25% and the consumption is 2 x 10 5 kWh [7 +6+6 marks]

(ii)

(iii)

Question 2 (a) (b) State two reasons why a low power factor is not desired. A factory load consists of the following: (i) an induction motor of 50 HP operating at 0.8 power factor and having an efficiency of 0.85 a synchronous motor of 25 HP with 0.9 leading power factor and having an efficiency of 0.9 a lighting load of 10 kW which is purely resistive. [6 marks]

(ii)

(iii) Find: (a) (b) (c)

The overall power factor The overall apparent power the kVAr rating of a capacitor bank so that the power factor is 0.95 leading. At what power factor should the synchronous motor be operated so that the overall power factor is unity. (1 Horse Power (HP) = 746 Watts) [5+ 4+5+5 Marks] Page 1 of 3

(d)

ELECTRICAL ENERGY SYSTEMS ELEC 2033(3)/ELEC 2233(3)

Question 3 A manufacturing plant has the following load on a particular day. Time 06:00 to 08:00 08:00 to 10:00 10:00 to 10:30 10:30 to 12:30 12:30 to 13:30 13:30 to 15:30 15:30 to 18:00 18:00 to 0600 Load 150 kW 300 kW 500 kW 800 kW 250 kW 1.0 MW 600 kW 100 kW

(a)

Plot the following curves (1) (2) (3) Chronological load curve Load Duration curve Energy load curve [4+4+6 marks]

(b)

Calculate the following: (1) (2) (3) (4) Average Load Load Factor Maximum Demand Average load from 10:00 to 16:00 [3+3+1+4 marks]

(Plot each curve on a separate sheet of graph paper)

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ELECTRICAL ENERGY SYSTEMS ELEC 2033(3)/ELEC 2233(3) Question 4 A plant has two generators supplying the system. Neither generator is to be operated below 50 MW and above 300 MW. The incremental cost of units P1 and P2 in MW are as follows: dF1 d P1 = 0.012 P1 + 8 $/MWh

dF2 d P2 PL =

= 0.018 P2 + 7

$/MWh

0.000055 P1 + 0.000015 P2

Find the optimal generation mix when the total load is (1) 125 MW (2) 300 MW (3) 575 MW , given that losses are negligible. Calculate the losses at the different loads above. [7 + 6 + 6 + 6 marks]

Question 5 (a) (b) (c) Describe how a bucholz relay operates. Give five advantages of HVDC transmission. [7 marks] [5 marks]

Explain why power is transmitted at high voltage over long distances and mention the disadvantages in using the high voltage. [5 marks] [8 Marks]

(d)

State four basic characteristics of protective relays.

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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