Cu 1: Cho dung dch NH3 t t n d vo dung dch: NaCl; CuSO4; FeCl3; Al(NO3)3; ZnCl2?

Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra? Cu 2: Dy bin ha.

Cu(OH)2 Cu(NH3)4(OH)2 NH3 NH4NO2 N2 NO NO2 NaNO3 NH4NO3

Cu 3: C 4 dung dch mui ring bit: CuCl2, ZnCl2, FeCl3, AlCl3. Nu thm dung dch KOH (d) ri thm tip dung dch NH3 (d) vo 4 dung dch trn th s cht kt ta thu c l A.2. B. 1. C. 3. D. 4. Cu 4: Trong cc dung dch: HNO3, NaCl, Na2SO4, Ca(OH)2, KHSO4, Mg(NO3)2, dy gm cc cht u tc dng c vi dung dch Ba(HCO3)2 l: A. HNO3, NaCl, Na2SO4. B. HNO3, Ca(OH)2, KHSO4, Na2SO4. C. NaCl, Na2SO4, Ca(OH)2. D. HNO3, Ca(OH)2, KHSO4, Mg(NO3)2. Cu 5: Cho cc dung dch HCl (1); dung dch CH3COOH (2); dung dch NaCl (3); dung dch H2SO4 (4). Dy c pH tng dn l: A.1< 2< 3< 4 B.4< 1< 2< 3 C.1< 4 < 2< 3 D.3< 2< 1< 4 Cu 6: trung ho 250 ml dung dch cha ng thi HCl 0,5M v H 2SO4 cha bit nng cn 250ml dung dch hn hp Ba(OH)2 0,08M v NaOH 0,54M. Nng mol/l ca H2SO4: A.0,1M B.0,2M C.1M D.0,5M Cu 7:Trong s cc dung dch: Na2CO3, KCl, CH3COONa, NH4Cl, NaHSO4, C6H5ONa, nhng dung dch c pH > 7 l A. Na2CO3, C6H5ONa, CH3COONa. B. Na2CO3, NH4Cl, KCl. C. KCl, C6H5ONa, CH3COONa. D. NH4Cl, CH3COONa, NaHSO4.

Bi tp Axit Nitric
I.Bi tp l thuyT Bi1 . Cho 3 mnh kim loi Al, Fe, Cu vo 3 cc ng dung dch HNO3 c nng khc nhau thy: - Cc cho Al: khng thy c kh thot ra, nhng nu ly dung dch sau phn ng tc dng vi dung dch NaOH thy c kh thot ra. - Cc c Fe: c kh khng mu thot ra & ho nu trong khng kh. - Cc cho Cu: c kh mu nu bay ra.Vit cc phng trnh phn ng. Bi 2:. T qung pirit, khng kh, mui n, nc, qung phtphorit (cc thit b v xc tc cn thit) hy iu ch :amoni nitrat, FeSO4, amoni hir phtphat, amoni phtphat. Bi 3:. Ho tan hn hp gm :FeS2, Fe3O4, FeCO3 trong axit HNO3 c nng thu c dung dch A v 1 hn hp kh gm NO2 v CO2. Khi cho BaCl2 vo dung dch A thy kt ta trng. Gii thch v vit cc phng trnh phn ng di dng ion rt gn . Bi 4:. Ho tan 1 lng Cu2S tc dng hon ton vi dung dch HNO3 un nng. Phn ng to thnh dung dch A1 v lm gii phng kh A2 khng mu, b ho nu trong khng kh. Chia A1 lm 2 phn. Thm dung dch BaCl2 vo phn 1, thy to thnh kt ta trng A3 khng tan trong axit d. Thm lng d dung dch NH3 vo phn 2, ng thi khuy u hn hp thu c dung dch A4 c mu xanh lam m. II. BI TON

Dng I: Tnh OXH ca axit HNO3

Bi 1: Cho 0,54 gam bt Al tc dng vi 250 ml dung dch HNO 3 1M. Sau khi kim loi tan ht thu c dung dch A v 0,896 lit kh B gm NO2 v NO (dktc). a. Tnh t khi ca B so vi H2. b. Tnh nng ca cc cht trong dung dch A. Bi 2: Cho m gam Al phn ng va vi 2 lit dung dch HNO3 lm thot ra 5,6 lit hn hp 2 kh N2O v kh X (dktc). T khi ca hn hp so vi H2 bng 22,5. a. Tm X v khi lng Al dng. b. Tnh nng ca dung dch HNO3. Bi 3: Chia hn hp 34,8 g kim loi Al, Cu, Fe lm 2 phn bng nhau: Mt phn ho tan ht trong dung dch HNO3 c ngui th c 4,48 lt kh (ktc) bay ra. Mt phn tan ht trong dung dch HCl th c 8,96 lt khi bay ra (ktc).Tnh khi lng mi kim loi. Bi 4: Chia m gam hn hp bt Al, Fe thnh 2 phn bng nhau : -Phn 1: Tan hon ton trong dung dch HCl ta thu c 7,28lt hir (ktc). -Phn 2: Tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 long n khi tan ht thu c 5,6 lt NO duy nht (ktc). Tnh % theo khi lng cc kim loi.
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Bi 5: Cho 2,4 gam Mg tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 (d). Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 0,896 lt kh NO ( ktc) v dung dch X. Tnh khi lng mui khan thu c khi lm bay hi dung dch X ? Bi 6: (DH-A-2002) Cho 18,5 gam hn hp Z gm Fe, Fe3O4 tc dng vi 200 ml dung dch HNO3 long un nng v khuy . Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 2,24 lt kh NO duy nht (ktc), dung dch Z 1 v cn li 1,46 gam kim loi 1.vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra . 2.Tnh nng mol/l ca dung dch HNO3 . 3.Tnh khi lng mui trong dung dch Z1. Bi 7: Ho tan 6,4 gam S trong 140 gam dung dch HNO 3 63% thu c dung dch A v kh thot ra duy nht l: NO2. Nng % cc cht trong dung dch A? Bi 8:Ho tan 2,64 gam hn hp X ( Mg, FeO) vo 30 ml dd HNO 3 va thu c dd A v 1,12 lt( ktc) hn hp B ( NO, NO2) c khi lng 2,14 gam. a) Tnh thnh phn % khi lng ca mi cht trong hn hp X. b) Tnh nng ca dd HNO3. Bi 9: Cho a gam hn hp X gm 3 oxit( MgO, Fe3O4, FeO) c s mol bng nhau vo mt lng va l 25 ml dd HNO3 thu c dd Y v 0,448 lt ( ktc) hn hp Z ( NO2, NO) c dZ/H2 = 19. Tnh a v CM ca dd HNO3 dng. Bi 10: Ha tan hon ton 9,6(g) Mg trong HNO3 d ta thu 2,464(l) kh A (27,30C , 1 atm). Xc nh cng thc v tn A. Bi 11: Cho 1,35 gam hn hp gm Cu, Mg, Al tc dng vi HNO 3 d thu c 1,12lit hn hp kh ( KTC) NO v NO2 c M=42,8 (.v.c).Tnh tng khi lng mui nitrat sinh ra. Bi 12: Ho tan ht 4,431 gam hn hp Al v Mg trong HNO 3 long thu c dung dch A v 1,568 lt ( KTC )hn hp 2 kh (khng mu) c khi lng 2,59 gam trong c mt kh b ho nu trong khng kh. 1.Tnh phn trm theo khi lng ca mi kim loi trong hn hp. 2.Tnh s mol HNO3 phn ng. 3.Khi c cn dung dch A thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan. Bi 13: Ho tan hon ton 9,41 gam hn hp 2 kim loi Al v Zn vo 530 ml HNO3 2M thu c dung dch A v 2,464 l hn hp 2 kh N2O v NO khng mu o ktc c khi lng 4,28 gam. 1. Tnh thnh phn % ca mi kim loi c trong 9,41 gam hn hp trn. 2. Tnh th tch dung dch HNO3 2M tham gia phn ng. 3. Tnh th tch dung dch NH3 2M cho vo dung dch A : a. Thu c kt ta ln nht. b. Thu c kt ta nh nht. Bi 14: Cho m gam phoi st ra ngoi khng kh sau mt thi gian ngi ta thu c 12 gam hn hp gm ( Fe, FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3. Ho tan hn hp ny bng dung dch HNO3 ngi ta thu dc dung dch A v 2,24 lt NO KTC. Tnh m: Bi 15: Ho tan hon ton 12 gam hn hp Fe v Cu (t l mol 1:1) bng HNO 3 thu c V lt (ktc) hn hp kh X (gm NO v NO2) v dung dch Y(Ch cha 2 mui v axit d). T khi hi ca X so vi H2 bng 19. Tnh V ?

Dng 2: Xc nh tn kim loi

Bi 1: Ho tan 1,35 gam mt kim loi M bng dung dch HNO3 long, d thu c 2,24 lit kh NO v NO2 (dktc) c t khi so vi H2 bng 21. Xc nh M. Bi 2: Ha tan 1,92 gam kim loi R trong 1,5 lit dung dch HNO3 0,15 M c 0,448 lit NO (dktc) v dung dch A. a. Xc nh R? b.Thm a gam Al vo dung dch A phn ng ht vi lng axit d (B qua phn ng ca Al vi Rn+) thy thot ra hn hp kh gm NO v N2 c t khi so vi H2 bng 14,75. Tnh khi lng Al dng. Bi 3: (H Nng nghip I-2000) Chia 5,56 gam hn hp A gm Fe v 1 kim loi M (C ho tr khng i) lm 2 phn = nhau: - Phn 1: Ho tan ht trong dung dch HCl c 1,568 lt kh. - Phn 2: Ho tan ht trong dung dch HNO3 long thu c 1,344 lt kh khng mu ho nu trong khng kh (duy nht) v khng to ra NH4NO3. Xc nh tn kim loi M v tnh thnh phn % cc kim loi trong hn hp. Bit cc th tch o ktc. Bi 4: Ho tan 13 gam mt kim loi cha bit c ho tr khng i vo dung dch HNO 3 long d. Ch cho phn ng xy ra xong, thm vo dung dch mi thu c mt lng dung dch NaOH nng d, thy thot ra 1,12 l kh mt cht kh (ktc). Xc nh kim loi cha bit . Bi 6: (TH-A-2005) Hn hp bt E1 gm Fe v kim loi R c ha tr khng i. Trn u v chia 22,59 gam hn hp E1 thnh 3 phn bng nhau. Ho tan ht phn 1 bng dung dch HCl thu c 3,696 lit kh H 2. Phn hai tc dng hon ton vi dung dch HNO3 (long), thu c 3,36 lit kh NO duy nht. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra v xc nh tn kim loi R. Bit cc th tch o (dktc). Cho Na=23; K=39; Be=9; Mg=24; Ca=40; Ba=137; Al=27, Cu=64, Zn=65; Ag=108; Fe=56; N=14, O=16, H=1, S=32,
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