Data analysis Data: raw data Data Analysis: means breaking data into several components and then

the synthesis of data Why? Helps in data management Marketing: PLC HR: appraisal, promotion FM: Budgeting, forecasting etc Helps taking decisions Gives meaningful results Data Tabulation Simple/One way Cross/Two way tabulation Complex/Multiway

Null Hyposthesis of Chi2 - 2 variables are not related SPSS Statistical package for Social Sciences Analytical Capacity: SAS>>SPSS>>Others (Statistica, MINITAB etc) Testing for Association: Linear Relationship o Y=a+bx positive or negative Curvilinear Relationship o Incorporates all 3 blend s - positive change, no change, negative trend Covariation: Scatter Diagram Chi Square Analysis for nominal data/variables

Correlation Coefficient: Pearson CC: statistical measure of strength between two metric variables Spearmans CC Regression Analysis: analyzing relationship between a metric dependent variable & one or more independent variables. Chi square Tests: If P > , accept null hypothesis If P < , reject null hypothesis = .5 for 2 sided tests Test of significance: accuracy levels

Therefore if significance at 95% or .95 , it mean error is 5% or .05% If the test is significant it means reject null hypothesis or accept alternate hypothesis. Higher value of R2 in regression model, indicates that model is of a good fit (sabove 99% best) If R2 = 0- 70 model no good = 70 to 90 model is of good fit (moderate level) = 90 100% - good fit (excellent level) Assignment (sat) Objective, data analysis, interpretation/conclusion (null, alt, test, P v/s , what tables are relevant) R2= 0.980 indicates that there is a good relationship between the variable or yield depends on ALL independent variables collectively.