A text is a book or other written or printed work, regarded in terms of its content rather than its physical form.

Text can be anything that conveys meaning through the use of signs. This means that the field can be extended from the form of written dialogue to that of any object, regardless of whether it is aesthetic, written or spoken. Text refers to anything which is capable of being read or interpreted. Written text is one of the fundamental manifestations of human language, and the study of its universal regularities can give clues about how our brains process information and how we, as a society, organize and share it. Spoken text represents converting of text into speech.
Differences between written and spoken texts Written texts can have simple or complex arrangement, whereas with spoken texts this is not suitable. Written texts can be organized into : parts, sections, subsections, chapters; whereas spoken texts can be arranged into: individual spoken texts and any division or grouping of spoken texts (utterances, paralinguistic phenomena or alignment of overlapping speech). Discourse analysis means different things to different people dependent on their philosophical and theoretical background. Its task is to study the relationship between language and the contexts in which it is used.