ijh{kk 2012

foKku Science

Hindi and English Version

[Time : 3 Hours]

[Max. Marks : 75]

funsZ'k%
i
lHkh iz'u vfuok;Z gSA
ii iz'u&i= esa nks [k.M+ fn;s x;s gSa [k.M ^v* vkSj [k.M ^c* [k.M&v ds lHkh
iz'u oLrqfu"B gSaA bu iz'uksa ds mRrj mkj&iqfLrdk ds izFke i`"B ij gh
fyf[k;sA
iii iz-- 3 ls 9 rd vfr y?kqmRrjh; iz'u gSA buds mkj yxHkx 75 'kCnksa esa
fyf[k,A
iz-- 10 ls 12 rd y?kqmRrjh; iz'u gSaA buds mkj yxHkx 120 'kCnksa esa
fyf[k,A
iz- 13 ,oa 14 nh?kZ mkjh; iz'u gSaA buds mkj yxHkx 150 'kCnksas esa
fyf[k,A
(iv)

v
vi

[k.M&c esa iz'u ekad 3 ls 14 esa vkarfjd fodYi fn;s x;s gSaA
tgkWa vko';d gks] LoPN ukekafdr fp= cukb;sA
izR;sd iz'u ds fy;s vkoafVR vad mlds lEeq[k vafdr gSaA

Note:
(i)
All questions are compulsory.
(ii)

There are two sections. Section-A and section -B Section-A has all the questions of
objective type write answer of these questions on first page of your answer book.

(iii)

Q.No. 3 to 9 are very short answer type Que. Write their answers in Approx. 75
words.
Q. No. 10 to 12 are short answer type Que. write their answers in approx. 120 words.
Q. No. 13 to 14 are long answer type Que. write their answers in approx. 150 words.

(iv)

Internal options are given in Q. No.-3 to 14 in Section-B

(v)

Draw neat and clean labelled diagrams wherever required.

(vi)

Marks alloted to each question are mentioned against the question.

[k.M & v
[Section - A]

oLrqfu"B iz'u
[Objective Type Questions]

1v
12345-

fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft,A

1x5 = 5
i`Foh dk dsUnzh; Hkkx------------------dgykrk gSA
eaxy dks --------------------xzg Hkh dgk tkrk gSA
76 o"kksZa ds varjky ij fn[kkbZ nsus okys /kwedsrq dks -------------dgrs gSA
lw;Z ds lcls fudV dk xzg------------------------gSA
f'k{kk ds izlkj gsrq-----------------mixzg dk fodkl fd;k x;kA

Ques:- 1(A) Fill in the blanks:

1.

The Central innermost part of the earth is called.......................

2.

The planet mars is known as .................planet.

3.

.................Comet is seen after the interval of every 76 years.

4.
5.

The nearest planet from the sun is................

...............satallite is developed for the expansion of educational facilities-

1c lgh tksM+h cukb;sA

1x5=5

12345-

[k.M ^v*
nzo /kkrq
ekLVj xazfFk
lkoZf=d nkrk
usffM;k
/keuh

[k.M ^c*
'O' jDr lewg
dsapqvk
'kq) jDr
ikjk
ih;w"k
lksfM;e
Fkk;jkbM

1[B]

Make the correct pair for section "A" choosing from section "B":

A.

Liquid metal

'O' Blood group

B.

Master Gland

Earthwarm

C.

Universal Donar

Pure Blood

D.

Nefridia

Murcury

E.

Artery

Pituitary Gland
Sodium
Thyroide

2v lgh fodYi pqudj fyf[k;s %&

1foHkokUrj ekiu dk ;a= gSA
v- vehVj
2-

c- oksYVehVj

1x5 = 5

l- ySDVksehVj

okguksa ds ihNs dk n`'; ns[kus ds fy, fdl niZ.k dk mi;ksx gksrk gSA
v- mRry niZ.k c- vory niZ.k

3-

n- mky ySal

c- lksfM;e

l- eSXuhf'k;e n- lksuk

dqdjeqkk ,d gSA
v- ijthoh

5-

l- lery niZ.k

feV~Vh ds rsy esa j[kh tkus okyh /kkrq gSA

v- iksVsf'k;e

4-

n- 'kq"d lsy

c- lgthoh l- e`rksithoh

n- dhVHk{kh

izdk'k la'ys"k.k dh f;k ikS/ksa ds fdl Hkkx esa gksrh gSA

v- tM+

c- ruk l- ikh

n- Qwy

Ques:- 2[A] Choose the correct answer.

1.

Potential difference can be measured by:

a. Ameter b. Voltmeter c. Lactometer d. Dry cell

2.

The Mirror which is used to see the behind view in vehicle.

a. Convex Mirror b. Concave Mirror c. Plane Mirror d. Convex lens.

3.

The metal which is kept in the Kerosin Oil.

a. Sodium b. Potassium c. Magnesium d. Gold

4.

Mushroom is a
a. Symbiotic b. Parasitic c. Saprophytic d. Insectivorous.

5.

In which part of the plant, the reaction of the photosynthesis is occured.

a. Root b. Stem c. Leaf

d. Flower

2 c izR;sd dk ,d okD; esa mkj fyf[k,A

1x5 =5

nwj n`f"V nks"k ds fuokj.k ds fy, fdl ySal dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA

ii

/kkou lksM+k dk jklk;fud lw= fyf[k;sA

iii

'kq) ty dk pH eku D;k gksrk gSA

iv

Lo.kZ dh 'kq)rk fdlesa O;Dr djrs gSA

fo|qr /kkjk dk S.I. ek=d fyf[k;sA

Ques: 2[B] Write answer in one Sentence:

(i)

Name the type of the lens used to correct far-sightedness (Hypermetropia)

(ii)

Write the chemical formula of washing soda.

(iii)

What is the pH value of pure water.

(iv)

Name the term which is used to express the purity of Gold.

(v)

What is the S.I. unit of current electricity.

[Section - B ]

vfr y?kqmRrjh; iz'u [Very short Answer type question]

3

fuEu vfHkf;kvksa dks mnkgj.k ,oa jklk;fud lehdj.k lfgr le>kb;sA 4

"ek{ksih vfHkf;k

ii

"ek'kks"kh vfHkf;k
Explain the following reaction with example & Chemical equations.

iii

Exothermic reaction

(iv)

Endothermic reaction
POP cukus

vFkok Or

dh fof/k] jklk;fud uke o lw= fyf[k;sA

Write the method of preperation chemical name and formula of Pop

iz'u 4 cgqyd D;k gSaA fdUgh nks cgqydksa ds uke o mi;ksx fyf[k;sA

What are polymers? Give the name of two polymers and their uses.

vFkok Or
gkbMksdkcZu D;k gS\ fdUgh rhu gkbMksdkcZu ds uke o lw= fyf[k;sA
What are hydrocarbon? Write the name and formula of any three hydrocarbon.

iz'u 5 IUPAC dk iwjk uke fyf[k,A rFkk fuEufyf[kr ;kSfxdksa ds lajpuklw= o

IUPAC

uke fyf[k,

feFkkby ,Ydksgy

ii

QkfeZy vEy

iii

QkesZfYM+gkbM+

Write the full form of IUPAC . Write the structural formula & IUPAC Name of the
following compound.

(i)

Methyl Alcohol

(ii)

Formic Acid

(iii)

formaldehyde.

vFkok Or
jtr niZ.k ijh{k.k D;k gS\ lehdj.k lfgr le>kb,A
What is Silver Mirror test? Explain with equation.

iz'u 6 izdk'k la'ys"k.k D;k gS\ bl f;k dk jklk;fud lehdj.k fyf[k,A

What is photosynthesis? Write chemical equation of this process.

vFkok Or
vkWDlh rFkk vukWDlh 'olu esa varj Li"V dhft,A dksbZ pkj
Write differences between Aerobic and anaerobic respirations (Any Four)

iz'u 7 euq"; ds mRltZu ra= dk ukeakfdr fp= cukb;sA

Draw the laballed diagram of Excretory System of Human.

vFkok Or
ekuo g`n; dh ckg~; lajpuk dk fp= cukb;sA
Draw the laballed diagram of external structure of Heart.

iz'u 8 fuEufyf[kr ekSleh ikS/kksa ds 2&2vkS"k/kh; mi;ksx fyf[k;sA

Write the 2-2 medicinal uses of the following seasonal plant.

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(ii)

Ginger
Tulsi
Turmeric
Garlic

vnjd
rqylh
gYnh
yglqu

vFkok Or

vkstksu ijr ds {kj.k ls gksus okys pkj nq"izHkko fyf[k,A

Write any four harmful effect of Ozone layer depletion.

iz'u 9 iznw"k.k D;k gS\ blds izdkjksa ds uke fyf[k, o fdlh ,d dk laf{kIr
o.kZu dhft,A

What is pollution? Write its types and explain any one pollution in short.

vFkok Or
vEy o"kkZ D;k gS\ blds nq"izHkko fyf[k,A
What is acid rain. Write the harmfull effect of acid rain.

y?kqmkjh; iz'u Short Answer Type Question

iz'u 10 fudV n`f"V nks"k fdls dgrs gSa\ bls dSls nwj fd;k tk ldrk gS] fp=
lfgr le>kb,A
What is short-sightedness (Myopia). Explain with the help of diagram. How it is
corrected.

vFkok Or
okLrfod o vkHkklh izfrfcEc esa varj Li"V dhft,A
Write the difference between real image and vertual image.

iz'u 11 lksyj dqdj dh f;kfof/k fp= lfgr le>kb,A

Explain the mechanism of Solar Cooker with labelled diagram.

vFkok Or
ukfHkdh; lay;u o ukfHkdh; fo[k.Mu esa ikWap varj fyf[k,A
Write five difference between Nuclear Fission and Nuclear Fusion.

iz'u 12 ukekafdr fp= dh lgk;rk ls iq"i ds uj o eknk tuukaxksa

dk

dhft,A

o.kZu
5

Explain male & Female organ of flower with the help of labelled diagram.

vFkok Or
;wdsfj;ksfVd ksekslkse xq.klw= dh jpuk dk lfp= o.kZu dhft,A
Explain the Structure of eucaryotic chromosome with labelled diagram.

nh?kZmRrjh; iz'u Long Answer Type Question

iz'u 13 fo|qr ysiu D;k gS\ bldh f;kfof/k dk lfp= o.kZu dhft, ,oa blds
dksbZ nks mi;ksx fyf[k;sA

What is electroplating? Describe its machanism with diagram and write its uses
(Any two)

vFkok Or
'kq"d lsy dk lfp= o.kZu dhft,A
Describe dry cell with labelled diagram.

iz'u 14 yksgs ds fu"d"kZ.k dh izf;k dks fuEu inksa esa le>kb,A

i midj.k dk ukekafdr fp= 2 vfHkf;k ds in

3 vfHkf;k ds lehdj.k
Write the extraction of Iron under the follwoing points (i) Labelled diagram (2) Step of Reaction (3) Equation of reaction

vFkok Or
/kkrq o v/kkrq ds HkkSfrd o jklk;fud xq.kksa esa varj fyf[k,A dksbZ 6
Compare the physical & Chemical properties of metal & non-metal (Any 6)

le;% 3 ?k.Vk

iz'u 1

vkn'kZ mkj
fo"k;&foKku
[k.M&v
[k.M&v
oLrqfu"B iz'u

v & fjDr LFkku dh iwfrZ dhft, & 1$1$1$1$1

i ksM+
ii yky xzg
iii gSyh
iv cq/k
v EDUSET

uksV& izR;sd lgh mkj ij ,d vad fn;k tkosA

c & lgh tksfM+;kWa cukb, 1$1$1$1$1
i ikjk+
ii ih;q"k xzaFkh
iii O jDr lewg
iv dsapqvk
v 'kq) jDr
uksV& izR;sd lgh mkj ij ,d vad fn;k tkosA
iz'u 2

v & lgh fodYi pqfu, 1$1$1$1$1

i oksYVehVj
ii mky niZ.k
iii lksfM+;e

iw.kkZad% 75

iv e`rksithoh
v iRrh
c & ,d okD; esa mkj nhft, 1$1$1$1$1
i nwj n`f"V nks"k ds fuokj.k ds fy, mky ysal dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA
ii /kkou lksMk dk jklk;fud lw= Na2Co3. 10 H2 O gSA
iii 'kq) ty dk pH eku 7 gksrk gSA
iv Lo.kZ dh 'kq)rk dSjsV esa O;Dr djrs gSA
v fo|qr /kkjk dk S.I. ek=d ,Eih;j gSA
uksV& izR;sd lgh mkj ij ,d vad fn;k tkosA
[k.M & c
y?kqmkjh; iz'u

4 vad

iz-- 3 "ek{ksih vfHkf;k& ,slh vfHkf;k ftlesa "ek mRlftZr gksrh gS

"ek{ksih vfHkf;k dgykrh gSA
mnk- fcuk cq>s pwus CaO dh ty ls vfHkf;k gksus ij vR;f/kd ek=k
esa "ek mRiUu gksrh gSA

2 vad

C aO + H 2 O C a ( O H ) 2 $

fcuk cq>k pwuk ty

"ek

cq>k pwuk

"ek'kks"kh vfHkf;k & ,slh vfHkf;k ftlesa "ek dk vo'kks"k.k gskrk gS

"ek'kks"kh vfHkf;k dgykrh gSA
mnk %& ukbVkstu o vkWDlhtu dks vR;f/kd rki ij xeZ djus ij ukbfVd
vkWDlkbM+ NO curk gSA
N

+ O

2 vad
2 N O

ukbVsktu

vkWDlhtu

ukbfVd vkWDlkbM

uksV%& "ek{ksih vfHkf;k ij 2vad] "ek'kks"kh vfHkf;k ij 2 vad dqy 4 vad

fn;s tk;sA 2$2
vFkok
POP

cukus dh fof/k & ftIle dks dkcZfud bZa/ku dh vuqifLFkfr esa 1200C rd
xeZ djus ij IykLVj vkWQ isfjl curk gSA

2 vad

2 CaSo4 .2 H 2 0 120
C
(CaSo4 ) 2 . H 2 O + 3 H 2 O
0

ftIle

IykLVj vkWQ isfjl

jklk;fud uke & dSfY'k;e lYQsV gsehgkbMsV

jklk;fud lw= &

( CaSo 4 ) 2 . H 2 0 or CaSo4 .

1
H20
2

uksV%& fof/k ij 2 vad] jklk;fud uke rFkk lw= ij 1&1 vad fn;s tk;sA
2$1$1
iz'u - 4 & cgqyd & fuEu v.kqHkkj okys leku ;k vleku NksVs v.kqvksa ds
la;ksx ls izkIr gksus okys mPp v.kqHkkj okys ;kSfxdksa dks cgqyd dgrs gSaA

cgqyd ds uke o mi;ksx

1- ikWyhFkhu & cjlkrh] f[kykSus] ikbi] cSx vkfn cukus esA
2- ikWyh foukby DyksjkbM PVC Q'kZ dh VkbYl] f[kykSus] ikbi vkfn cukus esaA
3- VsykWu & crZuksa ij u fpidus okyk vkoj.k cukus esaA
uksV%& ifjHkk"kk ij 2vad] uke o mi;ksx ij 2 vad dqy 4 vad fn;s tk;sA 2$2
vFkok
gkbMksdkcZu

,sls dkcZfud ;kSfxd tks dkcZu ,oa gkbMkstu ls feydj cus gksrs gSaA
gkbMksdkcZu dgykrs gSaA

gkbMksdkcZu ;kSfxd ds uke ,oa lw=

1- esfFky ,Ydksgy & CH 3 oH
2- esfFky DyksjkbM & CH 3Cl
3- ,slsVsYMhgkbM

& CH 3CHO
vU; dksbZ Hkh rhu gkbMksdkcZu

uksV%&ifjHkk"kk ij 2vad] uke ,oa lw= ij 2 vad 2$2

iz'u - 5
IUPAC dk

2$2 4 vad
iwjk uke &

baVjus'kuy ;wfu;u vkWQ I;ksj ,.M ,IykbM+ dsfeLVh

IUPAC

1 vad

uke ,oa lajpuk lw=

1- esfFky ,Ydksgy & CH 3 oH

& esFksukWy

2- QkWfeZd ,flM

&

HCOOH

& esFksuksby vEy

3- QkWesZYMhgkbM+

&

HCHO

& esFksuy

3 vad

uksV%& uke ij 1 vad IUPAC uke o lajpuk lw= ij 3 vad 1+3= 4

vFkok

4 vad

jtr niZ.k ijh{k.k & QkWesZYMhgkbM vR;ar vklkuh ls vkWDlhd`r gks tkrk gS vr% ;g
izcy vipk;d ds :i esa dk;Z djrk gSA QkWesZYMhgkbM VkWysu vfHkdeZd dks pkWanh esa
vipf;r dj nsrk gSA

AgNo3 + NH 4OH AgOH + NH 4 NO3

2 AgOH Ag 2O + H 2O
Light Hot
HCHO + Ag 2O
HCOOH + 2 Ag

jtr niZ.k

vfHkf;k esa eqDr pkWanh ij[kuyh dh vkarfjd nhokj ij te tkrh gSA

blls ij[kuyh niZ.k dh rjg pedus yxrh gS vr% bls jtr niZ.k ijh{k.k
dgrs gSA
uksV%&iwjk o.kZu djus ij 4 vad fn;s tk;sA
iz'u - 6

4 vad

izdk'k la'ys"k.k
og f;k ftlesa gjs ikS/ks lw;Z ds izdk'k dh mifLFkfr esa ty ,oa
dkcZuMkbvkWDlkbM ds }kjk HkksT; inkFkZ dkcksZgkbMsV dk fuekZ.k djrs gS ,oa
vkDlhtu xSl lgmRikn ds :i esa fudyrh gS izdk'kla'ys"k.k dgykrh gSA
2 vad
6CO2 + 6 H 2O

Sun Light

C6 H12O6 + 6O2 + 673 Kcal

Chlorophyl

2 vad
uksV%& ifjHkk"kk ij 2 vad] lehdj.k ij 2 vad 2+2 = 4 vad
vFkok

vkWDlh 'olu
vukWDlh 'olu
blds fy, vkWDlhtu dh vko';drk blds fy, vkWDlhtu dh vko';drk
gksrh gSA

ugha gksrh gSA

bl f;k esa Hkkstu dk iw.kZ :i ls blesa Hkkstu dk viw.kZ vkWDlhdj.k gksrk

vkWDlhdj.k gksrk gSA

gSA

blesa Xywdkst ds ,d v.kq ls 38 v.kq blesa Xywdkst ds ,d v.kq ls 2 v.kq

ATP ds

izkIr gksrs gSaA

ATP

ds izkIr gksrs gSaA

bl f;k ds var esa CO2 rFkk ty bl f;k ds var esa CO2 rFkk ty ds
curk gSA

vykok ,fFky vYdksgy Hkh curk gSA

vU; dksbZ Hkh lgh mRrj fy[kus ij Hkh vad fn;s tk;saA
uksV%& izR;sd lgh varj fy[kus ij 01 vad fn;k tk;sA 1$1$1$1 = 4 vad
iz'u - 7

4 vad

uksV%& LoPN ukekafdr fp= cukus ij 4 vad fn;s tk;saA

vFkok

uksV%& LoPN ukekafdr fp= ij 4 vad fn;s tk;saxsaA

iz'u - 8
4 vad
ekSleh ikS/kksa ds vkS"k/kh; mi;ksx
1- vnjd & bldk mi;ksx vkek'kkf;d jksxks] mYVh gksus] ikpd mRrstd ds :Ik
esa fd;k tkrk gS ,oa isfp'k] vfrlkj] fljnnZ ,oa ewNkZ vkus ij fd;k tkrk gSA
2-

rqylh & [kkWalh] lnhZ tqdke] ydok ,oa Ropk jksxksa esaA

3-

gYnh & ,d izfrjks/kh ,oa ,UVhlsfIVd ds :Ik esaA

4-

yglqu & g`n; jksx] ew= jksx] vkek'kkf;d jksxksa ,oa olk dks de djus esaA

uksV%& izR;sd ikS/ks dk lgh mi;ksx fy[kus ij ,d vad 1$1$1$1 = 4 vad

vFkok
vkstksu ijr ds {kj.k ds nq"izHkko
1- euq"; dh Ropk dh ijh lrg dh dksf'kdk,Wa {kfrxzLr gks tkrh gSA
2-

lw;Z ls vkus okyh ijkcSaxuh fdj.kksa ds izHkko ls Ropk dk dSalj gks tkrk gSA

3-

vuqokaf'kd fod`fr;kWa ,oa fpjdkfyd jksx mRiUu gks tkrs gSA

4- vkstksu ds {kj.k ls rkieku esa o`f) gks jgh gSA

uksV%&izR;sd lgh nq"izHkko ij ,d vad] bl izdkj dqy pkj vad fn;s tk;sA
1$1$1$1= 4 vad
iz'u - 9
4 vad
iznw"k.k
ok;q ty ,oa feV~Vh ds HkkSfrd jklk;fud rFkk tSfod y{k.kksa esa vokafNr
ifjorZu dk gksuk iznw"k.k dgykrk gSA
iznw"k.k ds izdkj
1-

ok;q iznw"k.k

2-

ty iznw"k.k

3-

e`nk iznw"k.k

4-

/ofu iznw"k.k

fdlh ,d dk laf{kIr o.kZu

uksV%& ifjHkk"kk ij 01 vad] izdkjksa ds uke ij 01 vad] o.kZu ij 2vad dqy 4
vad & 1$1$2 = 4 vad
vFkok
vEy o"kkZ
ok;qe.My esa mifLFkr SO2 , NO2 , CO2 vkfn xSlsa tyok"i ls f;k dj
ukbVl vEy] ukbfVd vEy] lY;wfjd vEy vkfn cukrh gSa tks o"kkZ ds ty
esa ?kqydj i`Foh ij vk tkrs gSa bls vEy o"kkZ dgrs gSaA
vEy o"kkZ ds nq"izHkko
1- i`Foh dk ckgjh gjk okrkoj.k u"V gks tkrk gSA
2-

ikS/kksa dh jksx izfrjks/kd {kerk u"V gksus yxrh gSA

3-

Hkwfe dh moZjk'kfDr de gks tkrh gSA

4-

bekjrsa dkyh iM+ tkrh gSA

uksV%&ifjHkk"kk ij 2 vad] nq"izHkko ij 2 vad dqy 4 vad 2$2 = 4 vad

iz'u - 10
5 vad
fudV n`f"Vnks"k
bl nks"k ls ihfM+r euq"; ikl dh oLrq,Wa rks Li"V ns[k ldrk gS ijarq nwj
dh oLrq,Wa Li"V ugha ns[k ldrk gSA

1 vad

nks"k dk fuokj.k
2 vad
bl nks"k dks nwj djus ds fy, ,slk ySal iz;qDr djuk pkfg, tks us= dh
vfHklkjh {kerk dks de dj nsa vr% vory ySal iz;qDr fd;k tkrk gSA

2 vad
fp= % fudV n`f"Vnks
"Vnks"k ,oa fuokj.k
uksV%& ifjHkk"kk ij 1 vad] fuokj.k ij 2 vad rFkk fp= ij 2 vad dqy 5 vad
fn;s tk;sA 1$2$2= 5 vad
vFkok
1

okLrfod izfrfcEc

vkHkklh izfrfcEc

oLrq ds fdlh fcUnq ls pyus okyh oLrq ds fdlh fcUnqa ls pyus okyh fdj.ksa
fdj.ksa ijkorZu ds i'pkr ftl fcanq ijkorZu ds i'pkr ftl fcnq ls gksdj
ij feyrh gSa og oLrq ds ml fcanq vkrh izrhr gksrh gSa og oLrq ds ml fcanq
dk okLrfod izfrfcEc dgykrk gSA

dk vkHkklh izfrfcEc dgykrk gSA

okLrfod izfrfcEc lnSo mYVk curk vkHkklh izfrfcEc lnSo lh/kk curk gSA
gSA

okLrfod izfrfcEc dks insZ ij izkIr bldks insZ ij izkIr ugha fd;k tk
fd;k tk ldrk gSA

ldrkA

uksV%& izR;sd lgh varj ij vad fn;s tk;s& dqy 5 vad

iz'u - 11

5 vad

lksyj dqdj dh f;kfof/k

lksyj dqdj dks /kwi esa j[kdj blds lery niZ.k dks bl izdkj
lkeaftr djrs gS fd lw;Z dk izdk'k lery niZ.k ls ijkofrZr gksdj lh/ks
lksyj dqdj ds fMCcs esa izos'k djsA fMCcs ds vanj dk dkyk jax rFkk crZuksa ds
ckgj dk dkyk jax "ek dks vo'kksf"kr djrk gSA fMCcs ds ij yxk niZ.k
ijkofrZr izdk'k dks fMCcs ds ckgj ugha tkus nsrk ftlds QyLo:i fMCcs dk rki
c<+rk tkrk gS] ftlls Hkkstu id tkrk gSA
2 vad

fp= % lksyj dqdj

uksV%&f;kfof/k ij 2
tk;sA

vad rFkk fp= ij 2

2 vad

vad dqy 2+2 = 5 vad fn;s

vFkok
ukfHkdh; fo[k.Mu

ukfHkdh; lay;u

blesa ,d Hkkjh ukfHkd nks gYds ukfHkdks esa blesa nks gYds ukfHkd la;qDr gksdj ,d
foHkDr gks tkrk gSA

Hkkjh ukfHkd cukrs gSA

;g izf;k lkekU; rki ij laHko gSA

;g izf;k vfr mPp rki ij laHko gSA

fo[k.Muh; inkFkZ jsfM;ks/kehZ gksrs gSA

lay;u djus okys inkFkZ jsfM;ks/kehZ ugha

gksrs gSaA

bl izf;k dks fu;af=r fd;k tk ldrk bl izf;k dks fu;af=r djuk dfBu gksrk
gSA

gSA

vfu;af=r fo[k.Mu vfHkf;k ds vk/kkj ij vfu;af=r lay;u vfHkf;k ds vk/kkj ij

ijek.kq ce cuk;k tkrk gSA

gkbMkstu ce cuk, tkrs gSA

uksV%& izR;sd lgh varj ij ,d vad fn;k tk;s bl izdkj ikWap lgh varj fy[kus
ij ikWap vad fn;s tk;sA
1$1$1$1$1= 5vaad
iz'u - 12
5 vad
iq"i ds uj ,oa eknk tuukax
1- iqeax & ;g iq"i dk uj tuukax gSA blds nks Hkkx iqrUrq ,oa ijkxdks"k gksrs
gSaA ijkxdks"k esa ijkxd.k gksrs gSaA
1 vad
3 vad

fp= iq"i dh yEcor~ dkV

2- tk;kax & ;g iq"i dk eknk tuukax gSA blds rhu Hkkx gksrs gSaA v.Mk'k;]
ofrZdk ,oa ofrZdkxzA v.M+k'k; esa ,d ;k vusd chtk.M ik, tkrs gSaA
1 vad
uksV%&uj o eknk tuukax dk o.kZu djus ij ,d&,d vad rFkk fp= ij 3 vad
fn;s tk;sA
1$1$3= 5 vad
vFkok
;wdsfj;ksfVd xq.klw= dh lajpuk & xq.klw= esa fuEu lajpuk,Wa ikbZ tkrh gSaA
1- isfydy & xq.klw= dh lcls ckgjh iryh f>Yyh isfydy dgykrh gSA

2- esfVDl & ;g isfydy ds vanj ik;k tkrk gS blesa kseksfuesVk fLFkr gksrs gSA
3- ksesfVM & izR;sd xq.klw= esa ksesfVM ik;k tkrk gSA izR;sd ksesfVM esa dq.Mfyr
rUrq kseksfuesVk ik, tkrs gSaA
4- kseksfe;j & kseksfuesVk ds ij kseksfe;j ik, tkrs gSaA kseksfe;j essa thu
fLFkr gksrs gSaA

5- lsUVksfe;j & izR;sd xq.klw= ,d LFkku ij ncdj ladjk gks tkrk gSA ;g ldjk
LFkku ls.Vksfe;j ;k izkFkfed ladh.kZu dgykrk gSA fdlh&fdlh xq.klw= esa

,d

ls vf/kd ladh.kZu ik, tkrs gSa mUgsa f}rh;d ladh.kZu dgrs gSaA
6- lsVsykbV & xq.klw= ds f}rh;d ladh.kZu ds vkxs dk Hkkx lsVsykbV dgykrk gSA
uksV%& o.kZu ij 3 vad rFkk fp= ij 2 vad dqy 5 vad fn;s tk;sA 3$2=5 vaad
iz'u - 13
6 vad
fo|qr ysiu
fo|qr /kkjk ds jklk;fud izHkko }kjk ,d /kkrq dh lrg ij fdlh nwljh /kkrq
dk ysiu djus dh f;k dks fo|qr ysiu dgrs gSA
2 vad
f;kfof/k %&
/kkrq dh ftl oLrq ij ysiu djuk gskrk gS mls vPNh rjg lkQ djds mfpr
fo|qr vi?kV~; esa dSFkksM+ ds LFkkku ij yVdk nsrs gSa rFkk ftl /kkrq dh dybZ ysiu
djuk gksrk gS mldh NM+ ;k IysV dks ,uksM+ ds LFkku ij yVdk nsrs gSaA
tc fo|qr vi?kV~; esa fo|qr /kkjk izokfgr dh tkrh gS rks ,uksM ds LFkku ij
iz;qDr /kkrq dh NM+ ?kqyus yxrh gS vkSj mldh ijr dSFkksM+ ij j[kh oLrq ij teus
yxrh gSA

2 vad

mi;ksx %&

2 vad

1- yksgs ls cus ik=ksa dks tax ls cpkus ds fy, muij ksfe;e ;k fudy /kkrq dh
ijr p<+kbZ tkrh gSA
2- pkWanh ;k vU; /kkrq ls cus vkHkw"k.kska esa lksus dh ped ykus ds fy, izk;% lksus
dk ysiu fd;k tkrk gSA
uksV%&f;kfof/k ij 2 vad] fp= ij 2 vad rFkk mi;ksx ij 2 vad] bl izdkj
2$2$2 dqy 6 vad fn;s tk;saA
vFkok
'kq"d lsy

3 vad

'kq"d lsy esa tLrs ds csyukdkj ik= ds e/; esa ,d dkcZu dh NM+ gksrh gSA
dkcZu dh NM+ vkSj tLrs ds csyukdkj ik= ds e/; esa veksfu;e DyksjkbM vkSj ftad
yksjkbM+ dh ysbZ dks eSxuht MkbvkWDlkbM vkSj dkcZu ds pw.kZ ds lkFk feykdj Hkj
fn;k tkrk gS blds i'pkr lsy dk ijh fljk ekse ls can dj nsrs gSaA 'kq"d lsy esa
dkcZu dh NM+ ,uksM rFkktLrs dk ik= dSFkksM+ rFkk veksfu;e DyksjkbM vkSj ftad
DyksjkbM dh ysbZ fo|qr vi?kV~; dh HkkWafr dk;Z djrs gSA blesa dkcZu dh NM+ ds
ijh fljs ij ,d ihry dh Vksih yxh gskrh gSA 'kq"d lsy es veksfu;k xSl dks
ckgj fudkyus ds fy, lsy esa ,d ckfjd fNnz cuk;k tkrk gSA
3 vad

uksV%& o.kZu ij 3 vad rFkk fp= ij 3 vad bl izdkj 3$3 dqy 6 vad fn;s tk;saA

iz'u - 14
1- okR;k HkV~Vh esa fu"d"kZ.k dk fp=

2- vfHkf;k ds in &

3 vad

2 vad

v;Ld dk lka
lkanz.k & gsesVkbV v;Ld dk lkanz.k nzo pkfyr /kqykbZ }kjk fd;k tkrk

i.

gSA
ii.

fuLrkiu %& lkafnzr v;Ld dks ok;q dh vuqifLFkfr esa rhozrk ls xeZ fd;k tkrk

gS ftlls ueh] xa/kd o vklZsfud dh v'kqf);kWa nwj gks tkrh gSa rFkk v;Ld
ljU/kz gks tkrk gSA
iii.

vip;u & fuLrkfir v;Ld dks dksd ,oa pwuk iRFkj dh fuf'pr ek=k ds lkFk

fefJr fd;k tkrk gSaA vc bls okR;kHkV~Vh esa di rFkk dksu O;oLFkk ls fxjk;k
tkrk gSA HkV~Vh ds Hkhrj fupys Hkkxksa ls xeZ ok;q izokfgr dh tkrh gSA bl ok;q
ls dksd ds ngu ds fy, vkWDlhtu dh vkiwfrZ gksrh gSA

vfHkf;k ds lehdj.k &

1 vad

i. dkcZu

eksuksvkWDlkbM dk cuuk
C + O2 CO2 $ "ek
CO2 + C dksd ls 2CO

ii. gsesVkbV

dk vip;u

F e2 O 3

00 600 C
3 C O 4

0

2Fe

3 CO2

dkcZu eksuksvkWDlkbM
yksgk
dkcZu MkbvkWDlkbM
uksV%& fp= ij 3 vad] vfHkf;k ds in ij 2 vad rFkk lehdj.k ij 1 vad bl
izdkj dqy 6 vad fn;s tk;sA 3$2$1
vFkok
/kkrqvksa ,oa v/kkrqvksa ds HkkSfrd xq.k esa varj
/kkrq
v/kkrq
gsesVkbV

"ek ,oa fo|qr ds lqpkyd

dqpkyd viokn&xzsQkbV

lkekU;r% Bksl ,oa pednkj

Bksl] nzo] xSl ,oa pedfoghu

vk?kkro/kZuh; ,oa rU;] dBksj

;g xq.k ugha

jklk;fud xq.k esa varj

/kkrq

v/kkrq

{kkjh; vkWDlkbM cukrh gSA

vEyh; ;k mnklhu vkWDlkbM cukrh gSA

vEyksa ls f;kdj H2 eqDr djrs gSA

H2 eqDr

/kukRed vkos'k dh izd`fr

_.kkRed vkos'k dh izd`fr

ugha djrsA

vU; dksbZ varj fy[kus ij Hkh vad fn;s tk;saxs

uksV%& izR;sd lgh varj ij ,d vad bl izdkj dqy 6 vad fn;s tk;saA

1$1$1$1$1$= 6 vad