The Voice 7-37

VOICE
The
Monday, August 29 - September 4 , 2011
Weekly
http://www.thevoicemyanmar.com
Vol.7 / No.37
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Vol.7 / No.37 - August 29 - September 4 , 2011
THE VOICE WEEKLY 3

3
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5
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EDUCATION
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Scholarship
Rotary World Pece Fellowship ESifU
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PERSPECTIVE
17
VOICE
The
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The Voice Weekly
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18
VOICE
The
PERSPECTIVE
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(Political Structure) wdkY tusKH;0ifonf/ tkyfcsKyfa&;qdkif&mzGJU
pnf;yHkESifhywfoufNyD; tcsuftvufrsm;&SmazGpkaqmif;&mwGif
atmufygar;cGef;rsm;udk tajzxkwfMu&rnfjzpfonf/
- xufatmufzGJUpnf;ykHqdkif&mtqifhrsm; rnfa&GUrnfrQ&Sd
oenf;/
- tqdkygtqifhrsm;udk rnfodkYcsdwfqufxm;ygoenf;/
- txuftzGJUtpnf;? atmuftzGJUtpnf;qdkonfrsKd; &Sif;
&Sif;vif;vif;owfrSwfxm;ygoavm ponfwdkYjzpfonf/
EdkifiHa&;zGJUpnf;yHkrSm r[mAsL[mpDrHcsufESifh wdkufdkufquf
pyfaeygonf/ r[mAsL[m&nfrSef;csufrsm; atmifjrif&&Sdapa&;
twGuf &nf&,
G af om pnf;H;k a&;rlrsm;yifjzpfonf/ (tydik ;f udk
rl aemufydkif;a&mufrS tao;pdwfazmfjyoGm;ygrnf/)
acgif;aqmifrI
EdkifiHa&;r[mAsL[mwpf&yfatmifjrifpGm taumiftxnf
azmfaqmif&u
G Ef ikd af &;wGif acgif;aqmifrrI mS tvGet
f a&;BuD;aom
tcef;u@rS yg0ifayonf/ tm;enf;aomacgif;aqmifraI Mumifh
r[mAsL[mtaumiftxnfazmfaqmif&Gufa&;udk aESmifhaES;MuefY
Mumaponf/ tcsufu acgif;aqmifc&H ol aemufvu
kd rf sm;\
tcsdefudkufaqmif&GufEdkifpGrf;ESifh pdwf"mwfa&;&mvHIUaqmfrItay:
qd;k qd;k 0g;0g;*,ufu
kd cf wfapygonf/ acgif;aqmifrt
I ay:wGif
,HMk unfraI ysmufq;kH oGm;ygu r[mAsL[mBudK;yrf;rItm;vH;k ysuf
pD;oGm;Edkifovdk r[mAsL[m&nfrSef;csufrsm; ta&;edrfhoGm;onf
txdyif OD;wnfoGm;Edkifp&m&Sdonf/
odkYtwGuf oufqdkif&menf;AsL[m,lepfrsm;udk OD;aqmifrI
ay;Edik &f ef? r[mAsL[macgif;aqmifrw
I iG f pDrcH efYcrJG q
I ikd &f m t&nf
taoG;rsm;&Sd r&Sdqdkonfudk qef;ppfEdkifa&;rSm txl;yifta&;BuD;
vSygonf/ xdkrQru enf;AsL[macgif;aqmifrsm;wGifvnf;
vdktyfaom acgif;aqmifrIpGrf;aqmif&nfa&m? vufcHEdkifavmuf
onfh toufarG;0rf;ausmif;qdkif&maemufcH &Sd? r&Sdqdkonfudkyg
azmfxkwfEdkifzdkYvdkygonf/
qGefZl;u acgif;aqmifrsm;wGif &Sdoifh&Sdxdkufaom t&nf
tcsif;ig;&yfESifh acgif;aqmifrIpGrf;&nfudk xdcdkufaponfhtusifh
pdkufig;rsKd;udk azmfjycJhzl;onf/ tzGJUtpnf;wpf&yf\ acgif;
aqmifrIudk tuJjzwfcsifhwGuf&mwGif ]pH} tjzpftoHk;jyKEdkif&ef
tqdkygt&nftcsif;rsm;ESifh tusifhpdkufwdkYudk azmfjyvdkufyg

onf/
acgif;aqmifrIt&nftaoG;ig;&yfrSm 1/ Pf y nm (Wisdom)
2/ dk;om;rI (Sincerity)
3/ apwem (Benevolence)
4/ ol&owd (Courage) ES i f h
5/ wdusjywfom;rI (Strictness) wdkYjzpfonf/
acgif;aqmifrIpGrf;&nfudk xdcdkufapaom tusifhpdkufig;
rsKd;rSm 1/ rqifrjcifvkyfjcif; (Recklessness)
(tusifhaMumifh r[mAsL[mwpfckvHk;udk ab;oifhEdkifap
ovdk wpfzufNydKifbuf\ axmifacsmufxJodkYvnf; tvG,f
wulusa&mufEdkifonf/)
2/ aMumufwwfjcif; (Cowardice)
(tusifhaMumifh NydKifbuf\xdk;ESufwdkufcdkufrIrsm;udk
tNrJa&SmifzdkY BudK;pm;&if; wpfzufu jyKorQ Ek&onfhtajctae
odkYa&mufoGm;Edkifonf/)
3/ tavmwBuD;Edkifjcif; (Hasty Temper)
(tusifhaMumifh wpfzuf\&efprIudk tvG,fwulcH&
avh&SdNyD; a&SmifEikd pf &m&So
d nft
h rSm;rsm;udyk if usL;vGerf w
d wfonf/)
4/ xdvG,f &SvG,fjcif; (Sensitivity)
(tusifah Mumifh pdwq
f ;kd vG,?f xdcu
kd v
f ,
G Nf yD; trSm;rsm;
wwfonf/)
5/ rvdktyfbJ tvGeftuRH*k"rjyKvGef;jcif; (Over Solicitude)
(tusifhaMumifh tao;tzGJrsm;jzifh tcsdefukefNyD; ta&;

BuD;aomudprsm;wGif vrf;vGJoGm;wwfonf/)
Edik if aH &;acgif;aqmifrI (ygwDtBuD;tuJ? ay:vpD rdwu
f m
pojzif)h ESihf r[mAsL[m taumiftxnfazmf&mwGif acgif;aqmif
rI (wuEdku&uf? Xmeqdkif&mtBuD;tuJrsm;) udkvnf; wdwd
usus cGJjcm;owfrSwfxm;zdkYvdkygonf/
qufoG,fa&;
rdrt
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f vufrsm;? TeMf um;
csufrsm;? wHkYjyefrIrsm;udk tqifhtoD;oD;odkY jrefjrefqefqefESifh
tqifajyajy ysHUESHYap&ef xda&mufaomqufoG,fa&;pepfvdkyg
onf/ a,bk,stm;jzifh qufoG,fa&;yHkpHESpfrsKd;&Sdonf/ ]a'gif
vdkuf} (Vertical) ESifh ]tvsm;vdkuf} (Horizontal) wdkYjzpfonf/
a&G;aumufyu
JG mvvd?k ppfqifa&;umvvdk txl;tajctae
rsm;wGif a'gifvu
kd q
f ufo,
G af &;u ydt
k a&;BuD;onf[k ,lqMu
ygonf/ a'gifvdkufqufoG,fa&; tvkyfjzpf? rjzpf q0g;Edkif&ef
atmufygtcsufrsm;udk pdppfzdkYvdkonf/
- vrf;aMumif;a&G;cs,frI (rnfonfhvrf;aMumif;udk
a&G; rnfenf;/)
- a&G;cs,fvdkufaom vrf;aMumif; vHkNcHKrI&Sd r&Sd/
- a&G;cs,fvdkufaomvrf;aMumif;wGif twm;tqD;
tydwftqdkYrsm;&Sd r&Sd/
- vrf;aMumif;opfrsm;azmfxkwfzdkYvdk rvdk/
- atmufqHk;tqifhrS txufqHk;tqifhodkY wdkufdkuf
a&mufEdkifpGrf;&Sd r&Sd/
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hf ifMum;rIrsm; r[mrdwrf sm;ESihf yl;aygif;
aqmif&GufMuonfrsm;wGifrl tvsm;vdkufqufqHa&;udk ydkrdk
tm;jyKzdkYvdkygonf/ tvsm;vdkufqufqHa&;udk qef;ppfEdkif&ef
atmufygtcsufrsm;udk &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;odxm;zdkYvdkonf/
- yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufol toD;oD;toHk;jyKMuaom quf
oG,fa&;pepfrsm;? wpfckESifhwpfck tH0ifcGifus jzpf rjzpf/
- owif;ay;ydYk oEl iS hf owif;vufco
H l owfowfrw
S rf w
S f
&Sd r&Sd/
- yl;aygif;aqmif&u
G o
f rl sm;toH;k jyKMuaom qufo,
G af &;
vrf;aMumif;rsm; vHkNcHKrI &Sd r&Sd ponfwdkYjzpfygonf/
ausmf0if;
pmTef; - Political Strategies (Peter Schroder)
PERSPECTIVE
19
VOICE
The
q,fvrGefig;wdkhtjyef
aeoefarmif
aESmuf,pkd ;D jcif; (Brain Drain) jzpfay:aponfh taMumif;
&if;rSm Edik if w
H pfct
k wGi;f rS vli,fynmwwfrsm;? vkyt
f m;
rsm;ESifh t&if;tjrpfrsm; jyifyodkY taMumif;trsKd;rsKd;aMumifh
a&muf&SdoGm;jcif;jzpfonf/ tqdkygtaMumif;trsKd;rsKd;onfuyif
OD;aESmuf,dkpD;jcif;udkjzpfapaom taMumif;&if;jzpfNyD; EdkifiHa&;?
pD;yGm;a&;tajctaersm;u OD;aESmuf,pkd ;D rIukd jzpfay:ap&ef t"du
wGe;f tm;rsm;jzpfonf/
Edik if aH &;? pD;yGm;a&;? ynma&; vGwv
f yfciG Ehf iS hf tcGit
hf vrf;
rsm; qHk;IH;onf[k ,lqEdkifonfh tajctaewpf&yfatmufwGif
wdkif;jynfwpfjynftzdkU OD;aESmuf,dkpD;jcif;ESifh jypfwifa0zefrIcH&
jcif;wdkYudk tBuD;tus,f&ifqdkif&avonf/ ,if;jyemonf
jyKjyifajymif;vJrIrsm; jyKvkyfrnfqdkonfhtcg r&Sdrjzpf xnfhoGif;
pOf;pm;&rnfhtcsufjzpfvmonf/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf ,dkpD;
oGm;onfh wdik ;f jynf\t&if;tjrpfrsm; jyefvnfp;D 0ifvma&;onf
wdkif;jynfwpfck jyefvnfxlaxmifa&; ta&;ygaom 'dkifar;&Sif;
jzpfaejcif;aMumifh jzpfonf/
1988 ckESpfaemufydkif; taMumif;trsKd;rsKd;aMumifh jynfyudk
a&muf&SdoGm;onfh jrefrmEdkifiHom; wdkif;&if;om;rsm; tcsdefra&G;
jyefvmEdkifzdkY pOf;pm;ay;oGm;rnfqdkonfh EdkifiHawmforwBuD;\
Mo*kwf 17 &ufaeY urf;vSrf;csufonf oef;ESifhcsDaom jynfy&Sd
jrefrmEdkifiHom;rsm; jynfawmfjyefvma&;twGuf ydwfxm;aom
wHcg;wpfcsyfudk qGJzGifhvdkufjcif;jzpfonf/ EdkifiHwnfaqmufa&;
twGuf ESpaf ygif;rsm;pGm qH;k I;H cJ&h onfh wdik ;f jynf\OD;aESmufrsm;?
t&if;tESD;rsm;ESifh vlYpGrf;tm;t&if;tjrpfrsm; jyefvnf&&SdEdkifa&;
twGuf arQmfvifhcsufa&mifjcnfoef;vmNyD[k ,lqEdkifonf/
,if;rSm tpd;k &opfonf twdwu
f mvu acwfpepf tcif;
tusi;f wpfcv
k ;kH ESihf vrf;cGv
J u
kd jf cif;jzpfaMumif; jyojcif;jzpfovdk
aemufjyefqrJG nfh rnfonft
h &mrS raqmif&u
G q
f o
kd nfh pdwq
f Eukd
OD;
jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfrS Oya'opfrsm;
jy|mef;jcif;? ,cifu Oya'a[mif;rsm;udk
pdppfNyD; zsufodrf;jcif;rsm;onf
tdrfrjyefEdkifao;onfUEdkifiHtwGif;rS
,HkMunfcsufaMumifU tdrfjzifUa0;aeom
vlESpfaxmifausmf tdrfjyefa&mufa&;ESifU
EdkifiHjyify&Sd vloef;aygif;rsm;pGm
tdrfjyefa&mufa&;wdkhtwGuf
vufawGY jyo&rnfUtcsdefjzpfaeygonf/
tb,fUaMumifUqdkaomf
EdkifiHawmforwBuD;onf ol\tkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJY\
EdkifiHa&;qEudk xkwfazmfcJUNyDjzpfojzifU
Oya'jyKa&;r@dKif\ EdkifiHa&;qEudk
qufvufazmfjy&efom vdkygawmUonf/
jyojcif;vnf;jzpfonf/ ,cktcg EdkifiHawmforwBuD;\ urf;

vSrf;csufonf vufawGUusNyD; t"dym,f&Sdaom trdefY'Du&Djzifh
jy|mef;rnfqdkygu jynfawmfjyefrsm;ta&; tpdk;&opftaejzifh
Edik if aH &;qE (Political Will) &Sad Mumif; oufaojyEdik rf nfjzpfonf/
tqdyk g vufqw
k v
f ufuikd jf yEdik af om Edik if aH &;qE xkwaf zmf
jyoonfhtcgrSom jynfawmf0ifvmMurnfh vlYpGrf;tm;t&if;
tjrpfrsm; arG;&yfZmwdoYkd a&mufvmMurnfjzpfonf/ xdt
k ajctae
onf Brain Drain rS Brain Gain OD;aESmufrsm;jyef&&SdrI tqifhudk
a&mufEdkifrnfjzpfNyD; xdkOD;aESmufrsm;ESifhtwl wwfuRrf;rI? aiGyif
aiG&if;ESifh enf;ynmrsm; uRJul;a&yg wpfygwnf; yg0ifvmrnf
jzpfonf/ odkYaomf t&yfa'otoD;oD;odkY ysHUESHYa&muf&SdaeMu
aomjrefrmwdkY wdkif;jynfrS xGufcGmcJh&onfh taMumif;&if;rsm;pGm
&Sdojzifh EdkifiHa&;t& vHkNcHKpdwfcs&rIESifh wnfNidrfrI? Oya'pdk;rdk;rI
tmrcHEdkifa&;ESifh cGJjcm;qufqHcH&jcif;uif;rI ponfhtcsufrsm;
r&Syd gu jynfawmfjyefa&; vkyaf qmifro
I nf tESpo
f m& uif;rJah e
rnfomjzpfonf/
urmhEdkifiHtoD;oD; ysUHESHYaexdkiftajccsum b0opfrsm;
xlaxmifaeMuaom oef;ESifhcsDonfhjrefrmrsm; jynfawmfjyefa&;
onf vG,v
f ,
G jf zifh ay:aygufEikd rf nfr[kwaf y/ tdref ;D csif;Edik if H
rsm;odkY oGm;a&muftvkyfvkyfudkifaeonfh jrefrmEdkifiHom;rsm;
tenf;qHk; oHk;oef;ausmf&SdNyD; if;wdkY\ jynfawmf0ifc&D;onf
pD;yGm;a&;wdk;wufrItwGuf r&Sdrjzpfaom t&if;tjrpfrsm;jzpf
onf/ taMumif;trsKd;rsKd;aMumifh wwd,Edik if rH sm;wGif tajccsae
xdkifaeMuolrsm; jynfawmfjyefvma&;onf jyefvmcJhygqdkonfh
zdwfac:csufwpfckwnf;jzifh vHkavmufrnfr[kwfay/ ESpfaygif;
20 twGif; b0opfrsm;udk ae&mopfrsm;wGif jyefvnfxlaxmif
xm;&olrsm;twGuf xdt
k ajctaersm;udzk suNf yD; jynfawmfjyefvm
EdkifzdkY ydkrdktav;teufxm;zdkY vdktyfonf/
if;wdkYa&muf&SdaeonfhEdkifiHrsm;wGif EdkifiHom;tjzpf cH,l
vdkufolrsm;udk tqdkygEdkifiHom;rsm;tjzpfu pGefYvTwfNyD; jrefrm
jynfoYkdjyefvmygqdyk gu rnforl QjyefvmMurnfr[kwyf g/ rdom;pk
b0? vuf&SdtvkyftudkifESifh om;orD;rsm;\ ynma&;rsm;udk
ajymif;vJNyD; tdrfjyefvm&rnfqdkonfh rufvHk;rSm xdkxuf tjrif
us,rf v
I t
kd yfygonf/ tdrjf yefcsio
f nfh pdww
f pfcw
k nf;jzifh jynfawmf
jyefMuvdkaomfvnf; vufawGUay:aygufzdkY tcuftcJaygif;
rsm;pGm&Sad ernfomjzpfonf/ Edik if aH &;? pD;yGm;a&;tajctaeaumif;
rsm;udk jrifawGUvufcEH ikd Mf urnfjzpfaomfvnf; vufawGUtdrjf yef
vmEdkifa&;twGuf vkyfaqmif&efrSm EdkifiHa&;qE&SdzdkYjzpfonf/
xdktcg taMumif;trsKd;rsKd;aMumifh jynfyodkYa&mufoGm;ol
rsm; tdrfjyefvmapvdkonfhqEudk qGJaqmifrI? vdkufavsmrIrsm;?
ajzavQmhrIrsm;? tcGifhtvrf;rsm;jzifh aygif;pnf;&rnfjzpfonf/
jrefrmEdik if w
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ap&ef qE&MdS uolrsm;omjzpfonf/ ,if;rSm Zmwduckd ifw,
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jyefrvmEdik o
f nfh tcif;tusi;f rsm; xm;&Sad eygu jyefvmMurnf
r[kwfojzifh jynfawmfjyefrsm; jyefvmapvdkygu jynfaxmifpk
tpdk;&taejzifh us,fjyefUNyD; yGifhvif;jrifomaom? tmrcHcsuf&Sd
aom? wif;usyfrIrsm; ajzavQmhay;aom taetxm;wpf&yfudk
CARTOON OF THE WEEK
zefwD;&awmhrnf jzpfonf/
tdrfjyefvm&ef urf;vSrf;aom orwBuD;\ rdefYcGef;onf
Edik if aH &;qEukd xkwaf zmfjyojcif;jzpfonf/ xdq
k Et& wdik ;f jynf
vlrpI ;D yGm;b0 zGUH NzdK;rItwGuf yl;aygif;aqmif&u
G Mf u&rnfh wdik ;f jynf
wnfaqmufjcif;? 'Drdkua&pDwnfaqmufjcif;? w&m;rQwrIudk
wnfaqmufjcif;wdUk twGuf om;a&Tt;kd xrf;rnfh tcGit
hf vrf;BuD;
jzpfonf/ rwdwfao;aom rsuf&nfrsm;udk okwfay;&awmhrnf
jzpfonf/ om;orD;rsm; tdrftjyeftvmudk apmifharQmfaeMurnfh
rdcift?kd zciftBkd uD;wdYk\ rsu&f nfpufrsm;udk okwaf y;&awmhrnf/
,HkMunfcsufaMumifh rda0;za0;jzpfaeMuolrsm; tdrfjyefvm
csdeo
f nf av[keu
f q
kd efNyD; jyefMu&rnfh tjyefc&D;om jzpfoifyh g
onf/
taMumif;trsKd;rsKd;aMumifh rda0;za0;jzpfaeMuolrsm;
tdrjf yefvma&;onf Zmwdajr&Sd rdbarmifzmG ;rsm;\ tdrt
f wGi;f &Sd
aMuuGJ0rf;enf;rIrsm;? ylaqG;rIrsm;udk ajzazsmufEdkifa&;onf
jrefrmjynf 'Drdkua&pDxlaxmifa&;twGuf t"dutusqHk;aom
EdkifiHa&;qEyifjzpfayrnf/
jynfaxmifpv
k w
T af wmfrS Oya'opfrsm; jy|mef;jcif;? ,cif
u Oya'a[mif;rsm;udk pdppfNyD; zsufodrf;jcif;rsm;onf tdrfrjyef
Edkifao;onfh rda0;za0;jzpfaeMuolrsm; vloef;aygif;rsm;pGm
tdrfjyefa&mufa&;wdkYtwGuf vufawGUjyo&rnfhtcsdefjzpf aeyg
onf/ tb,fhaMumihfqdkaomf EdkifiHawmforwBuD;onf ol\
tkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJU\ EdkifiHa&;qEudk xkwfazmfcJhNyDjzpfojzifh Oya'
jyKa&;r@dKif\ Edik if aH &;qEukd qufvufazmfjy&efom vdyk gawmh
onf/ /
aeoefarmif
20
VOICE
The
PERSPECTIVE
avmvkdvkdhvm;
oku
d x
f eG ;f (Lawyer)
0acwfu ]ykd;awmifhwJhwGefY} uAsmpyfenf;vkd (v) av;vkH;ukd xyfxyfwGefYMunfhwm r[kwf&ygbl; rdwfaqG/
tif; avm
Oya'qkdwm vkd? rvkd jiif;csufwifMunfhwmyg/ obm0rSm aeYeJYnuGmjcm;ovkdygyJ/ ]rvkdbl;} eJY
(Law)
]vkdw,f} ESpfrsKd;uJGEkdifygw,f/ uJGcGifhvnf;&Sdygw,f/ ]rvkdbl;} qkdwJhbufukdMunfh&if ZmwfxJu vl&TifawmfawGajymovkd

(aemufykdif; usawmh jyemwuf&ifvnf; eHkd;zkd? eHkd;r vufaxmufNyD;BuHKovkd BudKufovkd MunfhusufvkyfMuao;oaygh)
qkdwJh jyufvkH;ukdyJ ajy;jrifrdyg&JU/
Oa&mybufrSm tif*sifeD,mbJGU,laewJh om;BuD;u zkef; jrwfaom reoDum&jzifh qkH;jzwf&rnfwJh/
'Dae&mrSm bmomaA'&JU tbGm;jzpfwJh ouwbmom&JU
qufw,f/ ]]'DrmS r&bl;taza&U? oHacsmif;wpfacsmif;ukd jzwfzYdk
qkd&if uufwavmufeJY r,fEsL&,fukd jyefzwf&w,f/ rBudKuf orD;jzpfol vufwifbmomt& olwkdYOa&myrSm pHxm;&wJh (ex
bl;vm;? jyefjyifcsifovm;/ trsm;oabmwltwnfjyKwJh Oya' aequo et bono) reoDum&rlukd o,fvmNyD; aumif;jrwfjcif;awG
twkid ;f vku
d ef mMu&wm/ oHwpfacsmif;ku
d w
f mutp Oya'&Sw
d hJ csnf; yEufwifcJhwm/
Oya'jyKaumifpDu jy|mef;a&;om;Oya'r[kwfwJh jrefrmh
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BUYING GUIDE
21
VOICE
The
VOICE
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Vol.7 / No.37
August 29 - September 4 , 2011
New Books
New Books
New Books
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31
INTERVIEW
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32
VOICE
The
INTERVIEW
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IHDCS Diploma, BSc (Hons) (Londons
Guill University)
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merce eJY enf;ET,w

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hJ yk if ef;awGu Onlinemyanmarshopping.com
Classify & Ads, SMS Service,
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Myanmar Events, Myanmar Expo
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wkYdyg/ tm;vk;H [m wpfr;dk wnf;atmuf

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- 'gaMumifh yg0ifMur,fh tzGUJ tpnf;
toD;oD;u ukd,fhrSm&SdwJh Resources
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&mtzGJUtpnf;awGeJY yl;aygif;aqmif
&GufoGm;rSmyg/
Green
THE VOICE WEEKLY 33

33

TIPS
VOICE
The
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34
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TIPS
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The Rules of Life

Have a belief system
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A belief system has to be that - a belief. You don't have to prove it to anyone else, juistify it, even show it (see Rule 1) , convert anyone else to it, or preach to the world in general.
You may feel free to take bits from all other belief systems to build your own. But if you can, have something.
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36 THE VOICE WEEKLY
36
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42
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SPORT
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Vol.7 / No.37
FOREIGN AFFAIRS
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EDUCATION
News in Brief
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VOICE

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Vol.7 / No.37 - August 29 - September 4 , 2011

Monday, August 29 - September 4 , 2011

THE VOICE WEEKLY 3

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