RENAL PHYSIOLOGY

ACID BASE BALANCE

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COMPENSATION OF ACID/BASE IMBALANCE

If underlying problem is metabolic,

hyperventilation or hypoventilation can help : respiratory compensation. can bring about metabolic compensation.

If problem is respiratory, renal mechanisms

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RENAL COMPENSATION OF ACID BASE BALANCE

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RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS
PNEUMONIA ADULT RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME PULMONARY EDEMA PNEUMOTHORAX EMPHYSEMA

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RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS
RARE PSYCHONEUROSIS PHYSIOLOGICAL (HIGH ALTITUDE)

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METABOLIC ACIDOSIS
RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS DIARRHEA VOMITING OF INTESTINAL CONTENTS DIABETES MELLITUS INGESTION OF ACIDS CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE

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METABOLIC ALKALOSIS
DIURETICS OVERUSE EXCESS ALDOSTERONE VOMITING OF GASTRIC CONTENTS INGESTION OF ALKALIS

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TREATMENT OF ACIDOSIS
CORRECT THE CAUSE SODIUM BICAEBONATE SODIUM LACTATE SODIUM GLUCONATE

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TREATMENT OF ALKALOSIS
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE LYSINE MONOHYDROCHLORIDE

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SIMPLE ACID BASE DISORDERS

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COMPLEX ACID BASE DISORDER

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ANION GAP

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