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Maintenance of
Acid-Base
Homeostasis
DEPARTEMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY
FACULTY OF MEDICINE HASANUDDIN UNIVERSITY

Fluid & electrolyte

balance

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Role of respiratory system on

ACID-BASE BALANCE

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Main Source of Acidic Substances

u Chemoreceptor:
u glomus caroticum
u glomus aorticum
u [O2] & [CO2] receptors

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Role of kidneys in
ACID-BASE BALANCE

FUNCTIONS OF THE KIDNEY:

u plasma osmolarity & volume regulation

u H2O & acid-base balance regulation
u [ECF ions] regulation
u waste & unwanted compound elimination
u blood pressure regulation
u erythropoiesis
u vit. D activation

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In the case of ACIDOSIS à more H+ secreted &

more HCO3- reabsorbed

In the case of ALKALOSIS à more H+ reabsorbed &

more HCO3- secreted

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What will happen if the

acid-base is imbalanced?

Acid-base imbalance

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Acid-base imbalance

What disease that can

cause acid-base
imbalances
u Lungproblems
u Renal failure à metabolic acidosis à
many, many complications. Why
u Too acidic à impaired functions of
enzymes
u Too acidic à impaired electrical
processing in neurons (brain cells)
u Problems in other organs (stomach,
intestines, etc.

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