Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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resulting negative effect on a persons health. Addiction is the habitual use of a drug produced chemical changes in the users body. Drug Addiction (four important characteristics)
1. Compulsive desire 2. Need to increase the dosage 3. Harmful effects to the individual 4. Harm to society
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Illegal substances
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Substance dependence
1. 2. 3. 4.
Developing tolerance to the substance Experiencing withdrawal Taking in larger amounts Expressing a persistent desire to cut down 5. Spending great deal of time obtaining 6. Giving up or reducing important activities 7. Continual usage even with recognition of a problem
Diagnosed with at least 3 or more
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All income and education levels All ethnic groups All ages Young people are at a higher risk Males (Twice as likely) Troubled adolescent Thrill-seeker Dysfunctional families Peer group or family that accepts Low Socioeconomical status Dating young
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Psychological risks Difficulty in controlling impulses Strong need for excitement Feelings of rejection Hostility Aggression Anxiety Mental illness Dual (co-occurring disorders)
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Social Factors
Growing up in a family with drug abuse Peer group Poverty
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Intoxication Side effects Unknown Drug constituents Risks associated with injection drug use Legal consequences
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Pharmacological properties Dose-Response function Time-action function Drug use history Method of use
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Chapter Nine
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Opioids (narcotics)
Natural or synthetic Opium, morphine, heroin, methadone, codeine,. Hydrocodone, oxycodone, meperidine, and fentanly Induce euphoria Methods of administration Injection, snorting, sniffing or smoking Symptoms of overdose
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Central Nervous System Depressants Slow down the overall activity of the CNS Sedative-hypnotics Types Effects
Effects on the body
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muscular system
Cocaine
Methods of use Effects Abuse and Dependence Use during pregnancy
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Dependence
psychosis
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Dependence
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feelings and thoughts LSD, Mascaline, DMT, MDMA, Ketamine, PCP (angel dust), and certain mushrooms
Altered states of consciousness Impact on proprioception
Synesthia Flashbacks
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those of anesthetics, slow down the bodies functions Volatile solvents Nitrates Anesthetics Methods of use
Sniffing Snorting Bagging Huffing
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Medication-assisted treatment Drug substitution Treatment centers Self-help groups and peer counseling AA NA Harm reduction strategies Codependency
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Governmental attempts Anti-drug education programs Indirect approaches Young peoples self-esteem Improve academic skills Increase recreational opportunities Direct approaches Information about the adverse effects Peer pressure resistance
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Issues
What are the risks involved? Is using the drug compatible with your goals? What are your ethical beliefs about drug use? What are the financial costs? Are you trying to solve deeper problem?
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Bored? Stressed? Shy or lonely? Feeling low on self-esteem? Depressed or anxious? Apathetic or lethargic? Searching for meaning? Afraid to say no? Still feeling peer pressure?
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Chapter 9