CBT Nuggets?

Subnetting Cheat Sheet

Binary Conversion/Subnets/Subnet Mask Chart
Bits Decimal Value Decimal Mask Binary Mask # of Subnets Subnet Breakout High/ Low Order 1 128 NA NA 0 NA High Order Bit 1 64 192
11000000

1 32 224
11100000

1 16 240
11110000

1 8 248
11111000

1 4 252
11111100

1 2 254
11111110

1 1 255
11111111

2 .64-

6 .32-

14 .16-

30 .8-

62 .4-

126 .2-

254 .1Low Order Bit

* How to reproduce the chart above ? ? Decimal value starts at 1 for low order bit and doubles until 128 (the high order bit) ? ? Decimal mask is a sum of the decimal values of the bits you are using (starting from the high order bit) ? ? # of subnets is calculated by assigning a value of 0 to the mask for the high order bit, and then doubling and adding two as you go to the right ? ? Subnet breakout is the range of IP addresses you can assign: increment by the number you start with, start with the number that is the decimal value of the low order bit of your subnet mask. Tip: Determine the number of bits you need for the network and the number of bits you need for the hosts and then use this equation to find the decimal equivalent: bits

-2

Scenario 1: You want X number of subnets, what is the subnet mask? ? ? Look at the chart above ort s; ? ? Convert X to binary, determine how many low-order bits you need to make the number (can have all 1 if number is all 1 add another bit), that many bits is the number of high-order bits that make up your subnet mask, convert the s high-order bits to decimal value orScenario 2: Determine what the range of valid address is (subnet breakout) for X subnet mask ? ? Look at the chart above or? ? Convert X to binary and determine the decimal value of the lowest high-order bit, start the range of addresses at that value, and increment the range by that value Scenario 3: Convert binary to decimal and decimal to binary ? ? Start at the low-order bit, it value is 1, the value of every bit to the left is double the one to the right of it, add all the s values where there is a one in the binary number, disregard the zero ors. ? ? Use the scientific view on the Windows calculator to convert either way Scenario 4: You want X number of hosts and X number of subnets bits ? ? Look at the chart above for the subnets, then use the equation 2 2 to determine the number of hosts (use the number of bits left for hosts) or? ? Convert X (for the subnets) to binary, determine how many low-order bits you need to make the number (can have t all 1 if number is all 1 add another bit), that many bits is the number of high-order bits that make up your subnet s; s mask, convert the high-order bits to decimal value- that is the number of subnets; take the number of bits left and convert that to decimal and subtract 1 that is the number of hosts Scenario 5: Determine the # of subnets for X subnet mask ?? Look at the chart above or?? Convert X to binary and use the equation 2bits 2 to determine the number of subnets Class A Addresses Class B Addresses Class C Addresses Class D Addresses Class E Addresses 1-127.x.x.x 128-191.x.x.x 192-223.x.x.x 224-239.x.x.x 240-254.x.x.x