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  • A Dose of Reality

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    Ashi Sharma
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    Early attempts at artificial intelligence in the 1960s-1970s faced significant difficulties and failed to achieve meaningful results. Programs from that era applied general search strategies using small steps to solve problems, but this approach did not scale to more complex tasks like machine translation. For example, a US-funded machine translation project in the 1950s tried simply replacing Russian words with English translations but failed to understand meanings in context. All US government translation projects were cancelled by 1966 due to the complexity of the tasks. A 1971 review in Britain also found no major accomplishments from AI research and recommended suspending further support.

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    Early attempts at artificial intelligence in the 1960s-1970s faced significant difficulties and failed to achieve meaningful results. Programs from that era applied general search strategies using small steps to solve problems, but this approach did not scale to more complex tasks like machine translation. For example, a US-funded machine translation project in the 1950s tried simply replacing Russian words with English translations but failed to understand meanings in context. All US government translation projects were cancelled by 1966 due to the complexity of the tasks. A 1971 review in Britain also found no major accomplishments from AI research and recommended suspending further support.

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    5 views4 pages

    A Dose of Reality

    Uploaded by

    Ashi Sharma
    Early attempts at artificial intelligence in the 1960s-1970s faced significant difficulties and failed to achieve meaningful results. Programs from that era applied general search strategies using small steps to solve problems, but this approach did not scale to more complex tasks like machine translation. For example, a US-funded machine translation project in the 1950s tried simply replacing Russian words with English translations but failed to understand meanings in context. All US government translation projects were cancelled by 1966 due to the complexity of the tasks. A 1971 review in Britain also found no major accomplishments from AI research and recommended suspending further support.

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    A DOSE OF REALITY

    Unfulfilled promises and impact of reality in (late 1960s - early 1970s)

    The main difficulties for AI in 1960s are:Because AI researches were developing general methods for broad classes of problems, early programs contain little or no knowledge about a problem domain. To solve problems, programs applied a search strategy by trying out different combinations of small steps until the right one was found. This approach was quite feasible for different small problems, so it seem reasonable that if the programs could be scaled up to solve

    Machine translation project failure: Many of the problems were AI attempted to solve were too broad and too difficult. A typical task for AI to solve is machine translation project. For eg:national research council USA funded the translation of Russian scientific papers after the launch of first artificial satellite (sputnik) in1957.initially the project team tried simply replacing Russian words with English using an electronic dictionary. However it was soon found that translation requires a general understanding of subject to choose the correct words. This task was too difficult. In 1966, all translation projects funded by the US government were cancelled.

    Finally in 1971: In 1971, British government also suspended support for AI research. Sir James Light hill had been commissioned by the science research council of Great Britain to review the current status of AI. He did not find any major or even significant result for AI research and therefore saw no need to have a separate science called ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.

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