Introduction

Polyaniline (Pani) is one of the most important conducting polymers due to: 1. high conductivity ( main property) 2. straightforward synthesis 3. produces array of nanostructures 4. stability

Introduction
Oxidation states of Pani: 1. Leucoemeraldine (y = 1) 2. Emeraldine ( y = 0.5) 3. Pernigraniline (y = 0)

Introduction
Reduction of conductivity of PAni Deprotonation of PAni (ES) to PAni (EB) - exposed to alkalis - elevated temperature Modification of the PAni chain structure - benzene ring substitution - sulfonation -substition reaction on nitrogen

Introduction
Stability of PAni in acidic, neutral and alkaline media
Hydrogen Peroxide Ammonium Peroxydisulfate Stabilities of globular and nanotubular have been compared.

Experimental Details
Preparation: Globular PAni + 0.25 M APS + 0.2 M Ani
HCl (Oxidant)

Water (media)

Globular PAni

Nanotubular PAni
0.2 M Ani HCl

0.25 M APS (Oxidant)

0.4 M Acetic acid

Nanotubular PAni

Experimental Details
1st series of experiment (a) 30 % of H2O2 and concentrated H2SO4 (3:1 by volume) (b) 30 % of H2O2 (c) 30 % of H2O2 and 25% NH4OH (3:1 by volume)

2nd series of eperiment

Ammonium Peroxydisulfate (APS) as oxidant (a) concentrated H2SO4 (b) 1 M H2SO4 (c) water (d) 1 M NH4OH

Results and Discussion

Results and Discussion

Results and Discussion

Results and Discussion

Results and Discussion

Results and Discussion

Result and Discussion

Result and Discussion

Result and Discussion

Result and Discussion

Result and Discussion

Conclusion
Pernigraniline is pronounced in the APS. PAni was not completely destroyed even after 60 days PAni NT is more stable than Standard PAni. conductivity is better in NT than in S.