HC VIN CNG NGH BU CHNH VIN THNG

KHOA IN T VIN THNG --------o0o--------

CHUYN K THUT CHUYN MCH

Tiu Lun:

VOIP OVER WIRELESS LAN

Ging vin Lp Sinh vin

: NGUYN THU HIN : H09VT9 : NGUYN QUANG TON CNG TRNH PHAN QUANG TRUNG VN T

H Ni, Thng 5/2011

LI NI U Chng I: Cng ngh WLAN 2.2.1 Tng quan v WLAN 2.2.2 M hnh WLAN 2.2.2.1 M hnh Ad-hoc (IBSS-Independent Basic Service Set) 2.2.2.2 M hnh mng c s h tng (Infrastructure Basic Service Set) 2.2.2.3 Extended Service Set (ESS) 2.2.3 Cc thit b c bn ca mng WLAN 2.2.3.1 Card mng khng dy (Wireless NIC) 2.2.3.2 Cc im truy cp (Access Point) 2.2.3.3 Bridge khng dy (WBridge) 2.2.3.4 Cc router im truy cp (Access Point Router) 2.2.4 Cc chun WLAN 2.2.4.1 IEEE 802.11 2.2.4.2 HiperLAN 2.2.4.3 Cc chun khc 2.2.5 Cc k thut vt l trong WLAN 2.2.4.1 FHSS 2.2.4.2 DSSS 2.2.4.3 OFDM

Chng II: CNG NGH VOIP 2.1 Cng ngh VoIP 2.1.1 Tng quan v VoIP 2.1.3 Kin trc mng VoIP 2.1.4 Cc giao thc bo hiu 2.1.4.1 MGCP 2.1.4.2 Megaco/H248 2.1.4.3 H323 2.1.4.4 SIP Chng III: VOIP OVER WIRELESS LAN

1.1 Gii thiu chung 1.2 Cc thnh phn c bn ca h thng VoIPWLAN 1.2.1 Tng quan h thng VoIPWLAN 1.2.2 C s h tng mng 1.2.2.1 Mng Access Point truyn thng 1.2.2.2 Mng chuyn mch khng dy 1.2.2.3 Mng Mesh 1.3 Tn hiu trong VoIPWLAN 1.3.1 Thoi 1.3.2 Video 1.3.3 Lu lng VoIP 1.3.4 Tn hiu tn s v tuyn 1.3.5 Nhiu v tuyn
Chng IV BO MT TRONG VoIP WLAN

3.1 Dung lng h thng v QoS 3.1.1 Phn loi lu lng 3.1.4 Thc hin QoS cho VoWLAN 3.1.5 Dung lng h thng 3.1.6 iu khin truy nhp 3.2 Bo mt trong VoWLAN 3.2.1 S cn thit ca bo mt 3.2.2 Cc phng php bo mt cho VoWLAN 3.2.2.2 Xc thc 3.2.2.3 M ha d liu truyn 3.3 Chuyn vng 3.3.1 Gii thiu 3.3.2 Cc vn trong chuyn vng 3.3.3 Chuyn vng v thoi KT LUN TI LIU THAM KHO

4 VoIP qua mng LAN khng dy Ngi s dng mng khng dy c lin quan n nhiu lnh vc: doanh nghip (qun l, CNTT v in thoi di ng khc ca trng cng nhn), gio dc (Hiu trng, gio s, nhn vin bo tr), y t (bc s, y t, k thut vin), sn xut (gim st vin, ngi kim sot cht lng, cc chuyn gia), bn l (qun l, nhn vin hng tn kho, vn chuyn / ngi nhn). Mt s l do lm cho mng WLAN cn thit cho hot ng ca h. Nhng ngi dng in thoi di ng cao, hoc v h khng c mt bn lm vic hoc v h khng ngi trn my ca h mt s lng ng k thi gian. H cn phi c ngay lp tc c th truy cp vo mng (hin cc chin lc truyn thng chnh l ging ni, cng vi tin nhn). H cng yu cu truy cp nhanh n cc d liu quan trng. Trong bi cnh ny VoIP qua WLAN (VoWLAN) xut hin nh mt gii php r rng nht cho cc thng tin lin lc bng ging ni ca cc loi in thoi di ng rng nhng ngi dng cn. in thoi IP yu cu bng thng thp (di 64 kb / s), do ngi ta c th gi nh rng VoIP l d dng s dng trn cc mng LAN khng dy. Tuy nhin kt hp hai cng ngh hin nay l kh khn. Cc th nghim cho thy rng thm ch mt lng nh lu lng truy cp d liu trn cng mt mng c th dn n cht lng m thanh xung cp nghim trng v b cuc gi, ngay c vi cc tnh nng QoS cho php [Net-05]. L do chnh l, khi x l ting ni v lu lng truy cp d liu trn cng mt mng, tranh chp phi c qun l v s chm tr v jitter ch khng phi l t l chuyn tip. Hu ht cc nh cung cp ch bt u iu chnh sn phm ca mnh cho hi t ging ni d liu /, do hiu sut ca VoIP (v thi gian thc cc ng dng ni chung) trn phng tin truyn thng khng dy c th l mt vn . Lu rng cc kh khn trong vic tm kim gii php thch hp QoS bt ngun t mt s thuc tnh c hu ca mng WLAN. Trong cc mng khng dy gi t l li c th c trong phm vi 1020%. Hn na tc bit thay i ty theo iu kin knh; t phng bng thng do thi gian thit lp kt ni khng th nm gi trong sut thi gian ca truyn thng. 4.1 Khng c kch bn, thc thi QoS Chng ti s phn tch tnh hnh hng ngy u tin khi khng c tranh k thut qun l c s dng. Trong nhng trng hp ny thng gp phi cc h thng khng c vn trong vic cung cp m thanh gn nh s in thoi cht lng, thm ch khng c QoS thc thi, khi ch c mt s nh cc cuc gi c hot ng. Ty thuc vo tnh nng h thng, mt s cuc gi ng thi ca su v trn c th dn n cht lng m thanh gim, v mt s cc cuc gi ngay c c th c gim xung [Net-05]. Nu d liu nn c thm vo kch bn sau VoIP hiu sut hy nghim trng.y

l trng hp ngay c khi tng s lng giao thng khng vt qu mt na tc bn vng ca mt mng li (3 Mb / s so vi 6 Mb / s theo bo co trong [Net-05] 24). Tnh trng ny khng phi l bt ng cho rng s thiu QoS ng rng khng c kim sot s tng tc gia lu lng giao thng ng dng khc nhau. Khng qun l tranh chp dn n kt qu khng th on trc, c th c tc ng xu n thi gian thc cc ng dng nh VoIP. Trong nhng trng hp nh vy, "php l gii php" trong cc mng c nh l nm bng thng ti cc vn v cung cp giao nng lc mng li ca mt vi bc. l mt thc t c bit rng vo ngy s / nhiu hin 1 Gb v cao hn t l vic s dng cc mng trung bnh l di 1%. Tht khng may iu ny l khng kh thi cho cc mng khng dy, ni m t l ch 54 Mb / s vn l mt sang trng. Cc ngnh cng nghip nhn ra rng trin khai thnh cng mng WLAN VoIP trn mng cn phi c ti u ha cho giao thng bng ging ni. thc thi QoS l hin nay khuyn co ca nh sn xut thit b WLAN khi trin khai nhiu ng dng cng vi cc yu cu khc nhau trn cng mt mng WLAN. 4.2 QoS-thc thi kch bn Nh tho lun trong chng 2, mt s gii php b sung qun l cc tranh chp cn tn ti trong mng WLAN, v cc tiu chun hin ti ch c cng b vo thng Mi nm 2005. Kt qu l n khng phi l ngc nhin khi VoIP qua WLAN th nghim trong [Net-05] chng minh rng nhiu vn xut hin ngay c khi thc thi QoS. iu ny khng c ngha l cho php QoS khng c tc dng. Cc bo co cho thy cng mt iu , ni chung, cc c ch QoS ang thc hin ti cc thit b WLAN c th i ph vi vic x l s lng ti a ng thi trch dn ca cc cuc gi VoIP cho cc h thng tng ng m khng c mt ngha gim cht lng cm nhn. Tuy nhin, ngay sau khi lu lng d liu nn added25, VoIP hiu xu i ng k, i n mc m ti mt s hoc thm ch nhiu ngi s dng s c hi lng (theo quan im ca ITU-T v cht lng m thanh c nhn thc trong [G.107]).Khi s dng c thoi v d liu mt s sn phm thm ch khng th x l s lng ti a c ngh ca cc cuc gi. Cc php o ca s chm tr v jitter trong cng mt kch bn s dng thoi v d liu ng thi, c bo co trong [-05 Net] l tt. Kt qu cho thy, mc d gi tr trung bnh ca h c chp nhn c (di 50 ms thng), c cc gi tin m c s chm tr ng k v gi tr cao hn jitter (ln n 5 ln cao hn). Do khng c QoS trn tiu chun WLAN tn ti cho n gn y, hu ht cc nh sn xut, cho c in thoi, thit b WLAN v WLAN, thc hin c ch c quyn, hoc QoS hoc phin bn s b ca 802.11e (nh mt tp hp con ca 802.11e, cc Wireless

Media Ci tin giao thc). Do khng c cch no thng nht qun l cht lng trong mng WLAN ngy hin ti, v mt ch c th hy vng rng nh vy mt cch thng nht s xut hin khi tt c cc nh sn xut tch hp trong cc sn phm 802.11e ca h. Cc c ch QoS thng cung cp c lin quan n qun l bng thng. QoS hin trin khai trong cc thit b WLAN cho php giao bng thng cho mt nhm lm vic nht nh. Phn b bng thng cho mt nhm lm vic cho l hu ch trong vic phn bit gia nhn vin v khch hng lin kt vi cc mng doanh nghip. Mt s thit b, chng hn nh cc sn phm Aruba v Cisco, cng c th phn b bng thng trn c s mi ngi dng. Tuy nhin trong trng hp ca VoIP v thi gian thc cc ng dng khc l phc v kp thi cc u tin cao giao thng l vn , ch khng phi tc d liu trung bnh. Aruba, Chantry v Cisco sn xut thit b chuyn mch mng LAN khng dy cdng ci thin vic thc thi QoS trong mng li vi hn mt vi im truy cp.Trong trng hp ny xc thc ngi dng v ph quyt nh qun l c thc hinbi cc chuyn mch Ethernet c dy (x l xc thc ngi dng v qun l tn s v tuyn), khng phi bi cc im truy cp. Chuyn i ny khng ch iu khin truy cp mng c dy, m cn t ng iu chnh cng tn hiu v tuyn khng dy p ng vi nhng thay i trong mi trng RF. Mt thc t quan trng cn xem xt l cc 802.11e QoS trn tiu chun WLAN khng cung cp c thit k m bo lin quan n bt k mc ca s xung cp cht lng, v mc nhin p dng vic thc hin lin quan. Tuy nhin phong ph, nghin cu v 802.11e ch ra rng hnh vi c th c m hnh vi mt mc chnh xc [Che-04], [Kim-04], [Oe-05], [Tao-04]. iu ny c ngha rng ngi ta c th cu hnh cc thng s ca 802.11e trong iu kin ti t nht n lun lun thc thi nhng ranh gii yu cu v s xung cp cht lng. Lu rng c mt mt tri ca iu ny: trn cung cp chc chn s xy ra khi thit k mt h thng cho cc iu kin ti t nht, do vy mt s lng ng k ngun ti nguyn c gi tr WLAN c th s b lng ph trong iu kin hot ng bnh thng. Mt cng nn nh rng thng thng "mng" im truy cp c kh nng hn ch, v i khi khng th m bo giao thng kp thi ngay c khi h thc hin c ch 802.11e. S dng thit b chuyn mch nh c ch ra trc v nhiu hn na cc c ch QoS tin tin ca h, chng hn nh lch trnh, phi ci thin hiu sut. cc xut khc v cht lng nng cao hn na l gim s lng cuc gi ng thi thng qua kim sot truy cp, v s dng cc tiu chun khc lin quan n chun IEEE 802.11e (xem mc 2.3.2). 4.3 a truy cp im Vn ng lin lc thoi l mt ng lc chnh cho vic trin khai mng WLAN. Ch cn l ngi s dng in thoi di ng di chuyn t vng ph sng khc, nh vy s WLAN ngi s dng thit b cm tay trn bt k trang web no c nhiu hn mt im

truy cp. Thi gian cn thit cho cc cuc gi di chuyn t mt im truy cp khc (tc l i lang thang) l mt tham s cn thit trong trng hp ny. Cc bo co ti [-05 Net] trnh by cc php o lin quan n chuyn vng trong cc cu hnh khc nhau c mt, su v by cuc gi, c v khng c d liu nn. Theo bo co ny ca Cisco thc hin tt nht trong trng hp n gi in, vi thi gian chuyn vng trong 0,433 giy, v tt c cc h thng i lang thang mt cuc gi trong khong 0,5 giy. So snh cc gi tr ny vi mc tiu lm vic ca chuyn vng lin quan n tiu chun IEEE 802.11r, m l gi cho thi gian tay-off di 50 ms. Mt khong cch na th hai r rng l ng ch n tai ca con ngi - nh l bt k khong cch ca khong 70 ms hoc nhiu hn - nhng tr cho cht lng m thanh ni chung c coi l cao. minh ha s khc bit gia cc h thng khc nhau, y l mt tm tt cc kt qu y trong [Net-05]. Aruba xut sc trong cc th nghim chuyn vng. tay ra trung bnh ca n ln dao ng t khong mt na th hai cho mt cuc gi, ch nhiu hn 1 giy cho cc cuc gi by-vi-d liu kch bn. Trong khi loi chm tr s c ch n ngi gi, n vn cn cho n nay vic thc hin chuyn vng nhanh nht ca sn phm bt k. Trong trng hp trung bnh ca Cisco chuyn vng thi gian i t 0,433 giy vi mt cuc gi n 1,053 giy vi by cuc gi - v sau n nhy ti 4,324 giy vi by cuc gi v d liu nn. Colubris kt qu phn trc quan: chuyn vng mt trung bnh hn 5 giy m khng c d liu, so vi khong 2 giy vi d liu. Chantry ca BeaconMaster khng th thc hin cc th nghim chuyn vng vi su hoc by cuc gi, thm ch khng c d liu c s hin nay.Cc cuc gi c gim xung hn l i lang thang trong cc cu hnh. S lng cao nht ca cc cuc gi c th i lang thang qua cc BeaconMaster l hai. [Net-05] cng nhn mnh s tng phn gia chuyn vng ti cc lp lin kt 802,11v lp ng dng, cho thy kt qu ng ngc nhin. Trong nhiu trng hp, s chm tr ca mt phn nghn giy, ngay c vi chc lp lin kt ti 802,11 chuyn vng dn n s chm tr trong 10 giy hoc lu hn lp ng dng. Thc t l ngay cnhng vn nh cc lp lin kt c nh hng ln lp ng dng nhn mnh s cn thit phi c x tt 802,11 trin khai thc hin, cng nh s cn thit phi m hnhng dng mi quan h gia cht lng cm nhn v cht lng mng li phn phi. WLAN thit b chuyn mch c th qun l cc im truy cp ti cc a im t xa, do n rt hu ch bit liu ln chuyn vng v cht lng cuc gi s b nh hng nu cc im truy cp c ti cc v tr khc so vi switch. [-05 Net] hin xt nghim nh vy vi mt s chm tr chuyn i vng quanh 100 ms gia cc chuyn i v cc AP. Cc xt nghim c hon thnh vi Aruba v Cisco. Nu khng c d liu, a phng v thi gian chuyn vng xa c bn ging nhau cho c hai nh cung cp, khong 1 s. Vi d liu hin ti, Aruba ca ln chuyn vng tng t gi tr ca 1 trong trng hp a phng, khong 3,5 s trong kch bn t xa. thi gian chuyn vng t xa ca Cisco (khong 2 s) thc s thp hn so vi cc th nghim a phng (4,3 s, xem trn), m l phn trc quan. Kt qu ny dng nh xc nhn theo

cch ca Cisco tuyn b rng cc im truy cp c th "trc khi xc thc" khch hng, kt qu l khng c hnh pht hiu qu cho cc im truy cp t xa. 4.4 iu kin quan trng-vn Chng ti ch ra cho n nay rng m bo vic trin khai VoIP thnh cng trn mng WLAN n l cn thit c bin php c bit. Nu h thng khng cung cp cc iu kin thch hp, kt qu trc tip l ngi dng khng hi lng v cht lng m thanh ngho v cc cuc gi b ri. Mc d kh chu, trong nhng hon cnh bnh thng ny ch quan trng i vi nhng ngi cung cp dch v VoIP trn mng WLAN, v n c th dn h mt khch hng. Tuy nhin nu chng ta xem xt nhng mi trng m dch v VoIP c s dng truyn t thng ip cn thit, chng hn nh trong cc mi trng quan trng ca s an ton quan trng, vic khng th giao tip trong cc iu kin tha ng c th c hu qu nghim trng. V d nh khng c kh nng giao tip trong mt tnh hung thin tai thm ch c th dn n tn tht cuc sng. x l cuc gi mt h thng VoIP i hi c hai quyn lc v mt mng li hot ng. i vi cc h thng VoIP trn cc mng c dy ny c ngha l my pht in v / hoc truyn thng mt h thng sao lu l bt buc trong trng hp mt mng hoc in. Tuy nhin h thng di ng c ca cc ngun in c lp ca h, v thc t l cc mng WLAN c th c to ad-hoc, do h c phn cp, lm cho h n nh hn v mnh m hn so vi cc mng truyn thng khc. V l do ny chng xut hin nh mt gii php ti u cho dng i sng, dch v an ton quan trng. Thin tai / cc iu kin quan trng i hi h thng thng tin deptendable, c hai trong giai on trc ca cc s kin, pht hnh cc cnh bo v hng dn s tn, cng nh trong v sau khi thm ha xy ra, phi hp cc hot ng ca cc i cu h. Tht khng may s kin gn y nh chng hn nh sng thn n Dng vo nm 2004, hay nm 2005 cn bo Katrina v Rita M ch ra rng cc h thng thng tin hin ti khng qu d dng trong iu kin khn cp. Cc chnh ph lin bang Hoa K bo co v vic ng ph vi cn bo Katrina [06 T]vch ra nhng sai lm ca cc c s h tng truyn thng l mt trong nhng vn ln trong cc phn ng ca lin bang, v xc nh iu chnh vn ny nh l mtthch thc quan trng. Bo co xut vic to ra mt khn cp quc gia Chin lc truyn thng, v cung cp 125 khuyn ngh c th cho cc nh hoch nh chnh schv qun l khn cp. Mt trong nhng im quan trng ca cc khuyn ngh lin quann h thng thng tin khn cp 32 bao gm trong bo co ny l "c mt nhu cu mnh m cho trin khai nhanh, tng thch, thng mi, tt cc thit b bo qun". Mt nghin cu c lp ca cng mt s kin [-05 Com] ni bt mt s s c ngn cn nhn vin cu cung cp mt phn ng tt hn: cnh st khng th giao tip bi v cc knh ca i pht thanh b qu ti, xe khng th tip cn c phi hp do thng tin lin lc khng ng, cu h thiu thng tin c bn v cc lnh vc m h can thip.

Trong khi hin th cc tn thng ca in thoi truyn thng v cc mng di ng, cn bo Katrina cng chng minh lm th no cc cng ngh da trn Internet c th c dng thit lp lin kt vi th gii bn ngoi. Trong vnh St Louis, v d, hc sinh t Trng S Hi qun s dng Wi-Fi, thit b thit lp cc im truy cp khng dy v li chng li vi nhau trong mt m my bao ph 10 dm [i vi-05]. Vic kt ni Internet sau tip tc m rng hng chc dm bng cch s dng cng ngh WiMax. Ad-hoc truyn thng khng dy gip cu h, cc quan chc v trao i thng tin thng dn sng cn nhiu ln sau khi bo Katrina nh M Hn na, cc thng tin lin lc ch c ngha gia cc th trng ca New Orleans v th gii bn ngoi l mt kt ni Internet khng dy v in thoi Internet mt ti khon[Rho-05]. Cc cuc tho lun trn cho thy trong khi s dng mng WLAN l mt gii php kh thi trong iu kin khn cp, cc yu cu phi c p dng theo nhng trng hp ny l kh nghim ngt hn so vi nhng iu kin bnh thng. V d, khi thit k cc h thng VoIP cng ty s dng mt m hnh ton hc d on s lng ti a ca cuc gi ng thi cho s lng ti a ca ngi s dng ca h thng .Da trn mt bin php thng k cng sut s dng in thoi, chc nng Erlang, v t l chp nhn c cc cuc gi b chn mt ngi c th tnh ton bng thng cn thit bi s lng xc sut ca cc cuc gi ng thi. iu ny cung cp thng l mt yu t trn, thu bao 02:01, thm ch 03:01, ty thuc vo tng s ngi dng. Tuy nhin, trc ht, trong iu kin khn cp s lng cc cuc gi ng thi s vt qu d on cho trng hp bnh thng. Th hai, gim cc cuc gi ca nhn vin cp cu l khng th chp nhn, trong khi gim cc cuc gi ca ngi dng thng thng s tr thnh chp nhn c trong iu kin quan trng. Kt qu l s khc bit phi c gii thiu trong iu kin khn cp, v mt s ngi s dng phi c xem xt prioritary (v d, cnh st hoc chy cc s, bnh vin, vv.)i vi hot ng ny, n tr nn cn thit cung cp c ch b sung trong mng WLAN s m bo thc t l cc cuc gi prioritary vn s thnh cng, ti cc chi ph ca mt s cc cuc gi khng prioritary (tc l nhng ngi s dng bnh thng) hoc l gim hoc khng cn c php thng qua Kim sot nhp hc. 4.5 Phng php nghin cu hiu c thc hin VoIP trn WLAN v to iu kin trin khai VoIP cc thuc tnh ca mng WLAN hin c tiu chun QoS phi c kim tra k lng. Chng ti mong rng cc k thut c th phi c pht trin cung cp m bo cht lng trong iu kin khn cp. nh gi vic thc hin cc c ch ang tn ti v mi mt phng php th nghim phi c thit lp ti ch. phng php ny l m bo rng cc k thut kim tra lm cho vic thi hnh gii hn v s xung cp cht lng trong cc mng ngay c trong nhng tnh hung tc nghn v qu ti, nh xy ra trong trng hp khn cp.

Vi mc ch ny, chng ti cho rng thi ua s l mt trong nhng cng c quan trngnht, cng vi cc xt nghim s dng thit b thc, phn tch mt lot cc kch bniu khin v kim tra 33 cc gi thuyt lin quan n ch ny. Cc th nghim JAIST, StarBED, c c s dng thnh cng m phng cc mi trng khc nhau, bao gm c mngkhng dy, thng qua vic s dng cc dummynet [gi] phn mm gi lp mng. Trong [Beu-04] mt th nghim phng php cho VoIP qua mng khng dy c xut. Theo phng php ny o lng s xung cp cht lng cho cc ng dng quan tm l cn thit a vo ti khon sau hai im lin quan n nhau: o lng cht lng xung cp cp mng bng phng tin ca cc tham sQoS (chm tr v jitter, mt gi tin, thng qua); Lng ha cht lng vi ngi s dng nhn thc (UPQ) cp ng dng, v d, nh gi cht lng thoi qua giao tip (VoIP) IP bng phng tin ca cc s liu khch quan (xem Phn 3.3). Hai kha cnh ni trn sau phi c tng quan, v cc mi quan h gia chngc s dng cho nhu cu cp dch v mng c th thng qua cc yu cu quy nhtrong iu khon ca UPQ. i vi nghin cu ca VoIP qua WLAN chng ti xut s dng mt thit lp th nghim tng t nh trong [Beu-04], nhng thch nghi vi mi trng khng dy. Thit lp c m t trong hnh 4.

Hnh 4: p dng thc hin nh gi trong cc mi trng khng dy. Trong thit lp ny, cc ng dng c nh gi chy trn mt thit b khng dy, nh mt PDA. Truy cp im (v c kh nng mt mng LAN c dy) cung cp kt ni gia hai im u cui. Hai khng dy gim st bo m thu ca giao thng, cc tham s QoS cp mng c th c nh lng bi cc khi c gi l

"QoS Meter"da trn cc du vt giao thng. Song song, cp ng dng, cc"UPQ Meter" nh gi cht lng ngi s dng cm nhn cho ng dng trongnghin cu (s dng v d nh cc PESQ [P.862] im cho VoIP). Hai php oc sau tng quan, v cc mi quan h tn ti gia s xung cp cht lngmng li v UPQ sau c th c phn tch. iu quan trng cn lu rng mng khng dy s dng trong th nghim ny c thl mt mng thc, nhng cng c th l mt h thng m phng. Thi ua c li thln ca vic cho php cc nh nghin cu thc hin cc th nghim kim sot vti sn xut trong mt lot cc iu kin mng. Trong bi cnh cc mng li nythc s c s dng hiu chun v cung cp mt kim tra thc t cc kt qu th nghim thu c trong cc mi trng m phng. D n xy dng mtmng WLAN gi lp hin nay trong tin trnh ti JAIST.

5 Kt lun Trong cuc kho st ny, chng ti phn tch cc c tnh ch yu ca mng khng dy, vi s nhn mnh vo cc k thut WLAN thc thi QoS, bao gm cc tiu chun IEEE 802.11e gn y. Sau , cng ngh truyn thng VoIP c trnh by, bao gm cc kha cnh lin quan n vic nh gi khch quan v cht lng ngi s dng cm nhn, giao tip bng ging ni. Nhng vn lin quan n vic trin khai c hiu qu ca VoIP trn WLAN c tho lun trong chng 4, vi tham chiu n hai chng trc. Nhng vn ny xut pht t tnh cht c hu ca hai cng ngh v c th c tm tt nh sau: (A) cc thng s QoS WLAN (bng thng, mt gi tin, chm tr v jitter) c mt bin thin cao trong mi trng thc t, v iu ny nh hng ng k hiu sut ng dng; (B) hin c ch QoS WLAN ch c s dng hn ch qun l tranh chp khi cc ng dng vi yu cu QoS khc nhau, chng hn nh cc cuc gi VoIP v TCP da trn lu lng d liu, chia s cng mt knh truyn thng; (C) VoIP l mt ng dng a phng tin c yu cu phc v kp thi cho lu lng thoi, y l mt nhim v y thch thc trong mng WLAN, ngay c khi s dng QoS thc thi, k t khi QoS nht hin nay, thc hin c ch tp trung vo bng thng cung cp; (D) Chuyn vng gia cc im truy cp, WLAN mt s kin in hnh, gii thiu khong cch giao tip m ngay c c th c th t ca giy, mt tnh hung khng th chp nhn cho cc ng dng thi gian thc.

Cuc iu tra hin nay lm cho n r rng rng cc k thut QoS thc thi phi c s dng truy cp nhng vn ny v m bo trin khai thnh cng ca VoIP trn mng WLAN. Tuy nhin cc c ch kim sot s xung cp cht lng trong cc mng my tnh ang trong mt hnh thc s khai ngay c trong cc mng c dy. S phc tp gia tng ca mi trng khng dy lm cho vn ny thm ch cn kh khn hn. Tuy nhin, WLAN IEEE 802.11e QoS hin c tiu chun c v nh mt im khi u y ha hn qun l tranh trong cc mng khng dy, nhng hiu qu ca n phi c nghin cu k lng. Nu m bo cht lng mi trng hng ngy ch c lin quan n s hi lng ca ngi dng, khi c gng s dng cng mt ng dng trong iu kin khn cp, hoc trong ng dng quan trng v h thng thng tin an ton quan trng, m bo cht lng s tr thnh bt buc. Nghin cu cng nh cc s kin gn y chng minh rng vic s dng mng khng dy l mt gii php kh thi trong iu kin khn cp, v c l mt trong nhng mnh m nht. Tuy nhin, h thng thng tin khn cp cho cc tnh hung thm ha na khng th s dng cch tip cn tt nht, n lc hin ti trong cc mng my tnh, v mt nghin cu ng tin cy chi tit l cn thit.c ch c th phi c s dng hn ch s xung cp cht lng cho cc lu lng giao thng m cc cp m bo dch v c yu cu. S cn thit cung cp (thng k) m bo s tr thnh hin nhin, mc d n vn l mt thch thc trong bt k mng my tnh. Trong bi cnh ny, da trn cc nghin cu trc y ca chng ti, chng ti xut mt th nghim nh gi hiu sut ng dng trong mi trng khng dy.