HISNUD DUA (Mufti Kabir Ahmad Ashrafi)

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URL: www.irdf.webs.com, E-mail: irdfbd@gmail.com
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3/4, eK- GBP, wgicyi-1| 01714-323296
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Hisnud Dua: written by, Mufti Kabir Ahmad Ashrafi, Teacher, Jamia Islamia
Darul Uloom Dhaka and President, Islamic Research and Dawah Foundation.
Published by: IRDF, Mirpur-1, Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh.
Price: Tk. 200.00 Only, US $ 10.00
August, 2010
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15 AvM, 2010
kabir323@gmail.com
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64| gReyZ evK cv_bv Kiv ................................................. 60
3q Aavq
mKvj-mv, cZK bvgvhi ci
Ges Nygvbvi mgq covi `yAvmg~n
mKvj-mvq covi `yAvmg~n
1| Rvnvbvg _K gywi `yAv (7 evi) ....................................
2| AvKwK evjv-gymxeZ _K wndvhZi `yAv (3 evi) .............
3| RvbvZ jvfi `yAv (3 evi) .............................................
4| mKj cikvbx _K gywi `yAv (7 evi) ...........................
62
62
62
63
wnmby` `yAv 14
welq
cv bs
5| m~iv gywgbi ii AvqvZ I AvqvZzj Kzimxi dhxjZ ............. 63
6| m~iv nvkii kl wZb AvqvZi dhxjZ ............................... 64
7| m~iv evKvivi kl `yB AvqvZi dhxjZ ............................... 65
8| Kvwjgvq ZvInx` .......................................................... 66
9| mKj gvLj~Ki Awb _K wndvhZi `yAv (3 evi) .............. 67
10| AvwdqvZi `yAv (3 evi) .............................................. 67
11| gvLj~Ki Awb _K wndvhZi Avgj (3 evi) .................. 67
12| mvBwq`yj BwMdvi ev k ZvIev ................................... 68
13| mKj mgmv mgvavbi `yAv ........................................... 68
14| Ai I kqZvbi Awb _K wndvhZi `yAv .................... 69
15| `yNUbv _K wndvhZi wekl `yAv ................................. 69
16| xb I `ywbqvi wbivcvi `yAv .......................................... 70
17| w`b-ivZi gj MnY I Agj _K wbivcì `yAv ........... 70
18| AvKwK KjvY Kvgbv I Agj _K cvbvn PvIqv ............. 70
19| w`b-ivZi bvn gvPbi `yAv ........................................ 70
ay mKvj covi `yAvmg~n
1| Bjg, wiwhK I gvKeyj Avgji Rb `yAv ...........................
2| mviv w`b mvIqve jvfi `yAv ..........................................
3| mKvj covi `yAv .........................................................
4| mKvj covi AviKwU `yAv .............................................
5| mKvj covi msw `yAv ...............................................
6| mKj wec`vc` _K gywi `yAv ......................................
71
71
72
72
72
73
ay mvq covi `yAvmg~n

1| mvq covi `yAv .......................................................... 73
2| mvq covi msw `yAv ................................................ 74
3| w`b-ivZ QzU hvIqv Avgji Kvd&dviv (wZc~iY) .................. 74
4| mvq covi AviKwU `yAv ............................................... 74
cZK dih bvgvhi ci covi `yAvmg~n
1| cZK dih bvgvhi mvjvg wdivbvi ci coe ................... 75
2| bvgvhi ci Wvb nvZ gv_vq iL covi `yAv ....................... 75
3| bvgvhi kl covi `yAv ................................................ 76
wnmby` `yAv 15
welq
cv bs
4| Kvwjgvq ZvInx` ........................................................ 76
5| Zvmexn dvZgx ........................................................... 76
6| Avjvni whKi I kvKii Rb mvnvh PvIqv ........................ 77
7| AvqvZzj Kzimx .............................................................. 77
8| m~iv ZvIevi kl `yB AvqvZ ............................................. 77
9| m~iv BLjvm (10 evi) ..................................................... 78
10| m~iv Qvd&dvZ Gi kl wZb AvqvZ (3 evi) ......................... 78
11| BwMdvi (3 evi) ........................................................ 78
12| gyAvIwehvZvBb (m~iv dvjvK-m~iv bvm) .............................. 79
13| Kzdix, `vwi` I Avhve Kei _K cvbvn PvIqv .................. 79
14| KvcyilZv I KcYZv BZvw` _K cvbvn PvIqv ................... 79
15| dih bvgvhi ci AviI wKQz Zvmexn ................................. 79
Nygvbvi mgq covi `yAvmg~n
1| weQvbvq q coe ........................................................
2| Nygvbvi mgq covi `yAv ................................................
3| AZtci G `yAv coe (3 evi) ........................................
4| kqbKvj BwMdvi coe (3 evi) ...................................
5| Zvmexn dvZgx ..........................................................
6| AvqvZzj Kzimx .............................................................
7| m~iv evKvivi kl `yB AvqvZ ...........................................
8| m~iv Kvwdib ...............................................................
9| m~iv BLjvm, dvjvK I bvm co duyK `qv (3 evi) ...............
10| m~iv mR`v I m~iv gyjK ...............................................
11| me nj G QqwU m~ivI coe .......................................
12| Nyg bv Avmj coe ....................................................
13| fvj ^c `L covi `yAv .............................................
14| Lvivc ^c `Lj coe ...............................................
15| wb`vevq fq cj covi `yAv ......................................
16| Nyg _K DV covi `yAv .............................................
17| AZtci G `yAv coe .................................................
18| iv DVj G `yAv coe .............................................
80
80
80
81
81
81
81
81
82
82
82
82
82
83
83
83
83
84
wnmby` `yAv 16
4_ Aavq
Avhvb I bvgvh mKxq `yAvmg~n
welq
cv bs
gmwR` cek nIqvi mgq covi `yAv .................................. 86
gmwR` cek nIqvi ci covi `yAv .................................... 86
gmwR` _vKv Aevq ewk ewk coe .................................. 86
gmwR` _K ei nIqvi `yAv ............................................ 86
Ah~i iZ coe ............................................................ 87
Ah~i gvS G `yAv coe ................................................... 87
Ah~i kl Kvwjgvq kvnv`vZ coe ..................................... 87
AZtci G `yAv coe ....................................................... 87
Ah~i ga wewfb A-cZ avqvi mgq covi `yAv
wemwgjvni ci covi `yAv .................................................. 88
Kzwj Kivi mgq coe ........................................................ 88
bvK cvwb `qvi mgq coe ................................................ 88
Pnviv avqvi mgq eje .................................................... 88
`yB nvZ avqvi mgq eje .................................................. 89
gv_v gvmvn Kivi mgq eje ................................................ 89
`yB Kvb gvmvn Kivi mgq eje ........................................... 89
`yB cv avqvi mgq eje .................................................... 89
dRii bvgvhi Rb ei nq covi `yAv .............................. 89
m~hv`qi ci G `yAv coe ............................................... 90
gvMwiei Avhvbi mgq covi `yAv ...................................... 90
Avhvbi RIqve ............................................................... 90
Avhvbi kl covi `yAv ................................................... 90
A_ev G `yAv coe .......................................................... 91
Avhvb I BKvgZi gaeZx mgq covi `yAv .......................... 91
BKvgZi RIqve ............................................................. 92
dRii mybvZ bvgvh covi m~ivmg~n ..................................... 92
Qvbv .............................................................................. 92
iK~i Zvmexn (3 evi) ....................................................... 92
AZtci G `yAv coe ....................................................... 92
wnmby` `yAv 17
welq
cv bs
iK~ _K DVvi mgq coe (Zvmgx) ..................................... 93
iK~ _K DV covi `yAv (Zvngx`) ..................................... 93
iK~ _K DV Zvngxì ci coe (K~gvZ) .......................... 93
mR`vi Zvmexn (3 evi) .................................................... 93
AZtci G `yAv coe ....................................................... 93
mR`vq G `yAvI cov hvq ................................................. 94
mR`vq G `yAvwUI cov hvq ............................................... 94
Rvjmvq (`yB mR`vi gvSLvb) coe ................................... 94
A_ev G `yAv coe .......................................................... 94
Zvkv` (AvvwnqvZz) ........................................................ 95
`yi` kixd ...................................................................... 95
`yAv gvQ~iv ................................................................... 95
Zvnvyì wbqZ DV covi `yAv ......................................... 96
AZtci G `yAv coe ........................................................ 96
weZii bvgvh covi m~ivmg~n .............................................. 96
`yAvq Kzb~Z .................................................................... 97
weZii bvgvh mvjvgi ci covi `yAv (3 evi) ....................... 97
`yAvq Zvivexn ................................................................ 97
Kzb~Z bvwhjv .................................................................... 98
Zvnvyì bvgvh (mevg bdj bvgvh) .................................. 99
Zvnvyì e`j ................................................................ 100
mvjvZzj nvRZ Gi `yAv ...................................................... 100
bvgvh BLviv Gi `yAv .................................................... 101
mvjvZzZ Zvmexn t dhxjZ I wbqg ........................................ 102
mvjvZzZ& ZvIev (ZvIevi bvgvh) ............................................ 103
mR`vq wZjvIqvZ covi `yAv ........................................... 104
mR`vq wZjvIqvZi wbqg ................................................. 104
5g Aavq
nR, Dgivn I Kzievbx welqK `yAvmg~n
Bnivg euvavi mgq covi `yAv .............................................. 106
G `yAvI cov hvq ............................................................. 106
wnmby` `yAv 18
welq
cv bs
AZtci G `yAv coe ....................................................... 106
nvivg kixd `wMvPi nj coe ........................................ 106
evqZzjvn kixd `L covi `yAv .......................................... 107
ZvIqvd Kivi mgq covi `yAv ............................................ 107
ZvIqvdi mgq covi AviKwU `yAv .................................... 107
nvRi AvmIqv` Pz^bi mgq covi `yAv ................................ 107
iKb Bqvgvbx I nvRi AvmIqvì gaeZx vb covi `yAv ..... 108
gvKvg Beivnxg covi `yAv ................................................ 108
ZvIqvd Ges `yivKAvZ bvgvhi ci covi `yAv ....................... 108
mvdv cvnvoi wbKUeZx nq coe ......................................... 108
AZtci coe ................................................................... 109
mvdv cvnvo AvivnY Ki wKejvgyLx nq coe ....................... 109
AZtci G `yAv coe ........................................................ 109
mvdv cvnvoi Dci covi AviKwU `yAv ................................. 109
mvdv I gviIqvi gvSLvb G `yAv coe ................................. 110
Avivdvi gq`vb covi `yAv ................................................ 110
Avivdvi w`b mevg `yAv ................................................. 110
gyh`vwjdv (gvkAvi nvivg) Gi Avgj ................................... 110
cv_i wbci mgq covi `yAv ........................................... 111
cv_i wbci ci covi `yAv ............................................. 111
hghgi cvwb cvb Ki G `yAv coe ..................................... 111
Kzievbxi `yAv t
cK KejvgyLx wqq G `yAv cvV Kie .............................
AZtci G `yAv co RevB Kie .........................................
RevB Kivi ci G `yAv coe ..............................................
AvKxKvi `yAv ..................................................................
AvKxKvi AviKwU `yAv ......................................................
ZvKexi ZvkixK ..............................................................
111
112
112
112
113
113
wnmby` `yAv 19
6 Aavq
wewfb mgq covi `yAv,
Avjvni Avkq MnY Ges evcK `yAvmg~n
welq
cv bs
Ni cek nIqvi `yAv ...................................................... 115
Ni ceki mgq mvjvg .................................................... 115
Ni _K ei nIqvi `yAv .................................................. 115
Ni _K ei nIqvi AviKwU `yAv ...................................... 115
Lvevi mvgb Gj G `yAv coe .......................................... 116
LvIqvi iZ covi `yAv .................................................. 116
LvIqvi iZ `yAv fyj Mj gvS iY AvmjB coe .......... 116
LvIqvi mgq gvS gvS GB `yAv coe ................................. 116
LvIqvi kl nvZ avqvi mgq coe ..................................... 116
LvIqvi kl covi `yAv .................................................... 117
cvwb cvb Kivi ci covi `yAv ............................................. 117
`ya cvb Kivi ci covi `yAv ............................................... 117
`vIqvZi Lvbv Lq G `yAv coe ....................................... 117
A_ev G `yAv coe .......................................................... 118
ìLvb DVvbvi mgq covi `yAv ........................................ 118
`vIqvZKvixi Ni _K we`vq bqvi mgq coe ....................... 118
Kvb KziMx ev Ab Kvb iMxi mv_ em LvIqvi `yAv ............ 118
cvqLvbvq ceki `yAv ...................................................... 119
cvqLvbv _K ei nq covi `yAv ........................................ 119
gRwjmi g` K_vi Kvd&dviv (wZc~iY) ............................... 119
evRvi cek nIqvi mgq covi `yAv .................................... 119
evRvi cek nq covi `yAv (10 j bKxi `yAv) .................. 120
hvbevnb AvivnYi `yAv ................................................... 120
bhvb AvivnY Ki coe .............................................. 121
hvx I hvbevnb wndvhvZi wekl `yAv .................................. 121
mdi iIqvbv nIqvi mgq coe ........................................... 121
KvDK we`vq `qvi mgq covi `yAv ..................................... 122
wnmby` `yAv 20
welq
cv bs
mdiKvix we`vq`vZvi Rb Gfve `yAv Kie .......................... 122
mdi _vKv Aevq covi `yAv ............................................. 122
Kvb vb Aevb Kij coe ............................................ 123
Kvb DuPz vb AvivnY Kij coe ...................................... 123
bxPi w`K bvgj coe ..................................................... 123
Kvb gnjvq cek Kij coe ............................................ 123
mdi _K wdi wbR Rbc` cek Ki coe ........................ 123
mdi _K wdi wbR Ni cekKvji `yAv ............................ 124
KD DcKvi Kij h `yAv KiZ nq .................................... 124
KD `yAv PvBj G `yAv Kie ............................................ 124
mvjvg ............................................................................ 124
mvjvgi Di .................................................................. 125
Ab KviI c _K mvjvg cuQvj Zvi RvIqve ..................... 125
gvmvdvnvi `yAv ............................................................... 125
gyqvbvKvi `yAv ................................................................. 125
nvw`qv `vbKvixi Rb `yAv .................................................. 125
MvmjLvbvq ceki `yAv .................................................. 125
bZzb cvlvK cwiavb Kivi `yAv ........................................... 126
cyivZb cvlvK cwiavb Kivi `yAv ........................................ 126
KvDK bZzb cvlvK cwiwnZ `L covi `yAv ......................... 126
A_ev G `yAv coe .......................................................... 126
h Kvb bZzb Kvco cwiavb Kivi `yAv .................................. 127
cvlvK Lvjvi `yAv .......................................................... 127
Avqbv `Lvi `yAv ............................................................ 127
bZzb Pvu` `L covi `yAv .................................................. 127
Puvì Dci `w coj coe ............................................... 128
iRe I kvevbi Puv` `Lj coe ....................................... 128
BdZvii `yAv ................................................................. 128
Ab Kviv evmvq BdZvi Kij coe .................................... 128
BdZvii ci covi `yAv ..................................................... 128
bZzb dj `L I djgyj Lq covi `yAv ............................... 129
wnmby` `yAv 21
welq
cv bs
ke Kìi `yAv .............................................................. 129
fq-fxwZ Abyfe Kij covi `yAv ........................................ 129
Kvb ewi viv Kvi cKvii fq nj coe ......................... 129
ev`kv ev AZvPvix ewi fq nj coe ................................ 129
ki fq nj coe .......................................................... 130
k viv Aei nj coe ................................................. 130
ki Rb e`-`yAv ........................................................... 130
kì Dci weRqx nIqvi Rb `yAv .................................... 131
weqi LyZev ..................................................................... 131
weq covbvi wbqg ............................................................ 132
weevwnZ ewK G `yAv wè ............................................... 133
wbR gq we`vq `qvi mgq covi `yAv .................................. 133
gq we`vq `qvi mgq RvgvZvK G `yAv wè ........................ 133
evmi iv covi `yAv ........................................................ 134
mnevmi mgq covi `yAv ................................................... 134
exhcvZ nIqvi mgq gb gb coe....................................... 134
mnevm mg nIqvi Dcvq .................................................. 135
mvbK mec_ g Kvwjgv wkv wè .............................................. 135
Kvb gymjgvbK nuvmZ `Lj coe .................................... 135
my^vi Rb bexwRi `yAv .................................................. 135
Gvi `yAv .................................................................. 135
Avjvni ingZ I ew Pq `yAv ........................................... 136
AZtci G `yAv coe ........................................................ 136
ingZi ewi Rb `yAv ..................................................... 136
DcKvix I Awejw^Z ewi `yAv ............................................ 137
AvKvk gNvQb `Lj coe ............................................... 137
ew i nj coe ............................................................ 137
AwZwi ewcvZ nj coe ................................................. 137
gNi MRb I eRcvZi k b covi `yAv ........................... 137
So-Zzdvb i nj covi `yAv ............................................. 138
A_ev G `yAv coe ........................................................... 138
wnmby` `yAv 22
welq
cv bs
e` bhii `yAv ................................................................. 138
e` bhii AviKwU `yAv ..................................................... 138
kvixwiK e_vi Rb `yAv ..................................................... 139
Ri Avv nj covi `yAv ................................................. 139
PvL e_v nj covi `yAv .................................................. 139
wRb-f~Z BZvwì wPwKrmv .................................................... 140
Kvb ivMxK `LZ Mj coe .......................................... 140
AZtci ivMxi Kcvj ev nvZ nvZ iL coe ........................ 140
G `yAv co Amy ewi Dci duyK wè ................................. 141
ivMxi myZvi Rb `yAv ..................................................... 141
wec`M (ivMx) ewK `L Av coe ............................. 141
K Ges wecv`c` cwZZ ew ewk ewk coe ...................... 142
euP _vKvi Avkv Qo w`j coe ........................................ 142
gIZK wbKUeZx `Lj coe ............................................ 142
AZtci G `yAv coe ........................................................ 143
gZz i msev` bj coe .................................................... 143
gZ ewi AvwZq-^Rbiv coe ........................................... 143
bvgvh Rvbvhvi `yAv ......................................................... 143
gvwqZ bvevjM Qj nj coe .......................................... 144
gvwqZ bvevjM gq nj coe .......................................... 144
Rvbvhv bvgvhi ci nvZ bv Zzj G `yAv coe ........................ 144
Rvbvhvi Dci `w coj G `yAv coe .................................. 145
gvwqZK Kei ivLvi `yAv ................................................. 145
AZtci G `yAv coe ....................................................... 145
whqviZi Dk Keivb ceki `yAv .............................. 145
nuvwP`vZv coe ............................................................... 146
nuvwPi RIqve kvZv coe .............................................. 146
Gi Di nuvwP`vZv coe ................................................ 146
Lykxi mgq covi `yAv ........................................................ 146
mymsev` bj msev` `vZvi Rb Gfve `yAv Kie .................. 146
Kvb cQ`bxq wRwbm `Lj coe ........................................ 146
wnmby` `yAv 23
welq
cv bs
Kvb AcQ`bxq wRwbm `Lj A_ev `ytLi mgq coe ............. 147
Kvb KvR KwVb nq Mj covi `yAv .................................... 147
Kvb wRwbm nvwiq Mj coe ............................................ 147
AZtci G `yAv coe ....................................................... 147
fyj hvIqv vb cybivq iY Avmvi `yAv .............................. 148
gviMi WvK bj coe ................................................... 148
Mvav I KzKzii wPrKvi bj coe ....................................... 148
ivM Avmj coe .............................................................. 148
Ai ewk IqvmIqvmv Avmj coe ..................................... 148
gb Kvb Af wPv Gj coe ........................................... 149
Kviv MxeZ Ki _vKj Zvi Rb `yAvq gvMwdivZ Kie .......... 149
Kvb gymjgvbK Mvwj w`q _vKj Zvi Rb `yAv Kie ............. 149
`y cwZekxi Awb _K ivi `yAv .................................... 149
KxU-cZ _K iv cvIqvi `yAv ........................................ 150
mvc-weQz `skb Kij coe ............................................... 150
Avw_K mgmv I `vwi`Zv `~ix KiYi `yAv .............................. 150
FY _K gyw I nvjvj DcvRbi `yAv .................................. 150
FY cwikva I `ywv `~i nIqvi `yAv ................................... 151
FY cwikva I cqvRb c~iY nIqvi `yAv ............................... 151
FYM ew hb G `yAvI co ........................................... 151
FY Av`vqi mgq FYx ewi Rb `yAv Kie ......................... 151
`ywv-cikvbx I wecì mgq covi `yAv ........................... 152
wec`M ew G `yAv coe ............................................... 153
Avjvni wbKU Avkq PvIqv
wec` I `yfvM _K wndvhZi `yAv .....................................
wbqvgZ asm nIqv _K cvbvn PvIqv ...................................
PviwU wRwbm _K cvbvn PvIqv ............................................
cuvPwU wRwbm _K cvbvn PvIqv ............................................
Avgji Awb _K wndvhZi `yAv ......................................
Kvb, PvL BZvwì Awb _K cvbvn PvIqv ............................
154
154
154
155
155
155
wnmby` `yAv 24
welq
cv bs
cKvk I Mvcb dZbv _K cvbvn PvIqv ............................. 155
bdvK I KzPwi _K euP _vKvi `yAv ................................ 155
KzPwi _K euP _vKvi `yAv ............................................. 156
Mvcbxq wkiK _K wndvhZi `yAv ..................................... 156
kqZvbi _K Avjvni cvbvn PvIqv ..................................... 156
wRb _K wndvhvZi `yAv ................................................. 156
mKj mwi AcKvwiZv _K Avjvni Avkq MnY Kiv ................. 157
mg Lvivc ivM _K cvbvn PvIqv ...................................... 158
e` Lvqk _K cvbvn PvIqv ............................................... 158
Aii Awb _K wndvhZi `yAv ...................................... 158
Afve I Acgvb _K wndvhZi `yAv ................................... 158
cigyLvcx bv nIqvi `yAv ................................................. 159
jvf-jvjmv _K wndvhZi `yAv ........................................ 159
Amnvq Aevi gZz _K wndvhZi `yAv ............................... 159
Kei I Rvbvgi Avhve _K gywi `yAv ................................ 160
Rvnvbvg _K gywi `yAv ................................................... 160
bdmi cweZv Pq `yAv ................................................... 160
KqKwU c~Y ev evcK `yAv
mevg evcK I c~Y `yAv ..................................................
`ywbqv-AvwLivZi mg KjvYi Rb `yAv ..............................
KziAvb, mybvn I wdKni Bjg PvIqv .....................................
Bjg viv mvnvh Kvgbv Kiv ................................................
wn`vqZcvx I AgyLvcxZvi `yAv ......................................
^v, cinhMvix, AvgvbZ, Dg Pwi I fvM mywi `yAv .......
gv, `qv, wn`vqZ I wiwhK Gi Rb `yAv ..............................
xbi Dci AUj _vKvi `yAv ...............................................
AvbyMZi ZvIdxK Pq `yAv ..............................................
`ywbqv I AvwLivZi KjvY Pq `yAv .....................................
ah, kvKi, wbR `wZ QvU Ges Abi `wZ eoZi `yAv ......
bK ev`vì ^fvi PvIqv ....................................................
161
161
162
162
162
162
163
163
163
163
163
164
wnmby` `yAv 25
welq
cv bs
c~Yv Cgvb I wbqvgZ jvfi `yAv ........................................ 164
Cgvb I BqvKxb ewi `yAv ................................................. 164
Avjvni kvKi Av`vq Kivi ZvIdxK PvIqv ............................. 164
eZgvb I fwelZi KjvY Pq `yAv .................................... 165
mKj gj cv_bv Kiv ........................................................ 165
mv, Cgvb I Avjvni myw Kvgbvi `yAv .............................. 165
Avjvni myw I RvbvZ jvfi `yAv ...................................... 166
RvbvZyj wdi`vDm jvfi `yAv ............................................. 166
c~ei-cii I cKvk-AcKvk bvn gvdi `yAv ..................... 166
Avjvni b~i Pq `yAv ........................................................ 167
Avjvni fq I Bev`vZi ZvIdxK BZvw` Kvgbv Ki `yAv .......... 167
m` I mvb AwaK nIqvi `yAv ......................................... 168
Avjvni myw Pq `yAv ..................................................... 168
Avjvn ZvAvjvi gneZ cvwi `yAv ...................................... 169
KZZv cKvk, Dc`k I Kzg ivi ZvIdxK Pq `yAv .......... 169
gybvwdKx, wiqv Ges wg_v _K euvPvi `yAv .............................. 169
hvwni-evwZbi cweZvi Rb `yAv ........................................ 170
DcKvix Bjg Pq `yAv ...................................................... 170
fvj KvR Kivi I Lvivc KvR _K euP _vKvi ZvIdxK PvIqv .... 170
Avjvni ivvq kvnv`vZ I g`xbvq gZzeiY Kivi `yAv ............... 171
nKK nK Avi evwZjK evwZj wnme `Lvi `yAv ................... 171
wn`vqZ Pq `yAv ............................................................ 171
vZZi Rb `yAv ............................................................ 171
Avjvni ingZ Kvgbv ......................................................... 172
Avjvni ezì ez I kì k nIqvi `yAv ........................ 172
wgmKxb Aevq Rxeb, giY I nvkii Kvgbv ........................... 173
LvwZgv wej LvBi Gi `yAv ................................................... 173
7g Aavq
Bmg Avhg m^wjZ `yAvmg~n
1| `yAvq BDbym (Av.) ...................................................... 175
2| `ywU AvqvZ Bm&g Avhgi eqvb ...................................... 176
wnmby` `yAv 26
welq
cv bs
3| Bm&g Avhg m^wjZ `yAv ............................................... 176
4| Bmg Avhg m^wjZ AviKwU `yAv ................................... 177
5| Bmg Avhg m^wjZ AviI GKwU `yAv ............................... 177
6| Bmg Avhg mK Kvmg Beb Ave`yi ingvb (in.) Gi gZ 177
7| Bmg Avhg mK Avjvgv Rvhix (in.) Gi gZ ................. 178
8| `yAvZ .f
8fm
i 9 fi AekB eje ............................. 178
i

9| wZbevi ;mif
i fi=
fi ejvi ci `yAv Kij Keyj nq ............ 178
10| cuvPwU Kvwjgvi gvag mKj `yAv Keyj nq ........................ 178
11| AvmgvDj mbv ........................................................... 179
8g Aavq
dvhvqj ZvIev I BwMdvi
ZvIev I BwMdvii A_ ...................................................

bvnB nQ evjv-gymxeZi KviY .........................................
Avjvni ingZ _K wbivk nIqv Kexiv bvn ..........................
Avjvn ZvAvjvi Amxg ingZi wb`kb ..................................
GKwU nv`xm Kz`mx ...........................................................
Avjvn ZvAvjvi NvlYv .....................................................
BwMdvi viv `ywv `~i nq Ges wiwhK ew cvq .....................
BwMdvi viv ghv`v ew nq ...............................................
gZì Rb mevg Dcnvi nj BwMdvi ..............................
(1) mvwq`yj BwMdvi (k BwMdvi) .................................
(2) BwMdvi ..................................................................
(3) ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi BwMdvi ...........
(4) AviKwU BwMdvi ......................................................
(5) gv I RvbvZ jvfi `yAv ............................................
(6) bvn _K gv Pq `yAv ...........................................
(7) mKj cKvii bvn _K gvMwdivZi `yAv ......................
(8) wbR I gywgb-gywgbvZi Rb BwMdvi ............................
(9) wbg BwMdviwU wZbevi coj bvn gvd nq .....................
(10) BwMdvihy `yAv .....................................................
(11) dRi I Avmii ci covi BwMdvi (3 evi) ...................
181
181
182
183
183
184
184
184
185
185
186
186
186
186
187
187
188
188
188
189
wnmby` `yAv 27
9g Aavq
dvhvqj KziAvb, dvhvqj whKi,
gvmb~b Ahxdv I AvmgvDj mbv
dvhvqj KziAvb
welq
cv bs
m~iv dvwZnvi dhxjZ ......................................................... 191
m~iv evKvivi dhxjZ .......................................................... 192
m~iv evKvivi kl `yB AvqvZ I AvqvZzj Kyimxi dhxjZ ............. 192
m~iv Avj Bgivb Gi dhxjZ ............................................... 192
m~iv n~` Gi dhxjZ ........................................................... 193
m~iv Kvn&d Gi dhxjZ ....................................................... 193
m~iv Bqvmxb Gi dhxjZ ..................................................... 193
m~iv Avwjd-jvg-gxg Zvbhxj Gi dhxjZ ............................... 193
m~iv `yLvb Gi dhxjZ ........................................................ 194
nv-gxg hy m~ivjv nQ KziAvbi hxbZ (m`h) .................. 194
m~iv Avi-ingvb Gi dhxjZ ................................................ 194
m~iv IqvwKAvn Gi dhxjZ .................................................. 194
m~iv gyjK Gi dhxjZ ........................................................ 195
m~iv Kì Gi dhxjZ ........................................................ 195
m~iv whjhvj Gi dhxjZ ..................................................... 195
m~iv Avw`qvZ Gi dhxjZ ................................................... 195
m~iv ZvKvQzi Gi dhxjZ .................................................... 195
m~iv Kvwdib Gi dhxjZ .................................................... 196
m~iv bvmi Gi dhxjZ ........................................................ 196
m~iv BLjvm Gi dhxjZ ...................................................... 196
m~iv dvjvK I m~iv bvm Gi dhxjZ ........................................ 197
9 wgwbU 9 LZg KziAvbi mvIqve jvf
3 evi m~iv dvwZnv covi mvIqve 2 LZg KziAvbi mgvb ...........
4 evi AvqvZzj Kzimx covi mvIqve 1 LZg KziAvbi mgvb ........
4 evi m~ivZzj Kì covi mvIqve 1 LZg KziAvbi mgvb ..........
2 evi m~iv whjhvj covi mvIqve 1 LZg KziAvbi mgvb ...........
197
197
197
198
wnmby` `yAv 28
welq
cv bs
2 evi m~iv Avw`qvZ covi mvIqve 1 LZg KziAvbi mgvb ......... 198
4 evi m~iv Kvwdib covi mvIqve 1 LZg KziAvbi mgvb ......... 198
4 evi m~iv bvmi covi mvIqve 1 LZg KziAvbi mgvb ............. 198
3 evi m~iv BLjvm covi mvIqve 1 LZg KziAvbi mgvb ........... 198
1 evi m~iv ZvKvQzi covi mvIqve 1 nvRvi AvqvZ covi mgvb ...... 198
LZg KziAvbi `yAv ........................................................ 198
dvhvqj whKi
whKi mK Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb .......................................
whKi mK KqKwU nv`xm ................................................
Kvwjgvq ZvInx` Gi dhxjZ ..............................................
Kvwjgvq kvnv`Z Gi dhxjZ ..............................................
0
f
mm i Gi dhxjZ ........................................................
Pwjk nvRvi bKxi `yAv .....................................................
GK j Pwek nvRvi bKxi `yAv .........................................
wek j bKxi `yAv ..........................................................
AvLivZi `vwo-cvjvq mePq fvix Kvwjgv ............................
Avjvni wbKU mePq cQ`bxq `yAv .....................................
199
200
200
202
202
203
203
204
204
204
gvmb~b Ahxdv
w`b-ivZi wekl Ahxdv ....................................................
205
mKvj-mvi Ahxdvmg~n
1| wZb Zvmexn (300 evi) ................................................. 205
2| eviv Zvmexn (1300 evi) .............................................. 206
wewfb mgqi wekl Ahxdv
LZg `yAvq BDbym (Av.) ...................................................
LZg LvRMvb .................................................................
`ywv _K euvPvi wekl Avgj ............................................
wiwhK ewi wekl Avgj .....................................................
Kvw `~i Kivi Avgj ..........................................................
KwVb ivMi wPwKrmv ..........................................................
99 ivMi wPwKrmv ............................................................
206
207
207
207
208
208
209
wnmby` `yAv 29
welq
cv bs
AvqvZ wkdv .................................................................... 210
AvqvZ wndvhZ ................................................................ 210
gvbwhj ........................................................................... 211
AvmgvDj mbv
dvhvqj AvmgvDj mbv .................................................... 216
10g Aavq
dvhvqj `yi` kixd
`yi` kixdi KqKwU dhxjZ ..............................................
`yi` kixd cvV bv Kivq agK ..............................................
Avdhvj `yi` (`yi` Beivnxgx) ............................................
80 eQii bvn gvdi `yi` ...............................................
GK nvRvi w`b ch mvIqve jLvi `yi` ................................
AwaK mvIqvei `yi` ........................................................
h `yi` m`Kvi e`j .........................................................
`yi` kvdvAvZ ...............................................................
`yi` whqviZ ..................................................................
A_ev G `yi` coe ..........................................................
`yi` Lgmv .....................................................................
`yi` kvdqx ....................................................................
`yi` Zybvxbv (wec`-Avc` _K ivi `yi`) .......................
ivm~jyjvn (mv.) Gi kvdvAvZ IqvwRe nIqvi Avgj ..................
RvbvZ `L gZzi nIqvi Avgj ...........................................
Dg cksmv, Dg `yi` I Dg `yAv ....................................
Mc

y x ...........................................................................
244
245
245
246
246
247
247
247
248
248
249
249
249
250
251
251
252
wnmby` `yAv 30
msw jKL cwiwPwZ

Rb I cv_wgK wkv
gydZx Kwei Avngv` Avkivdx mvne 1981C. mvji 14B deqvix
ivR kwbevi evMinvU Rjvi gvijM _vbvaxb wPcveviBLvwj Mvgi GK
mv I xbx cwievi RbMnY KiQb| wZwb RvwgAv Avkivdzj gv`vwim,
KivPx _K `vIivq nv`xm (Gg. G. BmjvwgK vwWR) I ZvLvm&mym
wdj wdK&n Iqvj BdZv (wc GBP. wW. Bb BmjvwgK j) mb KiQb
weavq wbR bvgi mv_ Avkivdx wjL _vKb| wZwb cv_wgK wkv Aviex
Kvq`v BZvw` Zuvi AvvRvbi KvQ coQb Ges cieZxZ mbvmx
cv_wgK we`vjq Kvm dvBf ch coQb|
Bjg xb ARb
gydZx mvnei Avv i _KB ZuvK gvìvmvq covZ PqQb
ZvB cg kYx ch zj covbvi ci ZuvK DjvgvM (PvwjZveywbqv)
Avwjqv gvìvmvq mg kYxZ fwZ Kivbv nq| mLvb wZwb mg kYx
mb Kib Ges cieZx mKj wkv wZwb KivPxZ mb KiQb|
wZwb KivPxZ cv_wgK wkv RvwgAv Zvqweqv Bmjvwgqv gvìvmvq
mb Kib| AZtci `vij Dj~g ivngvwbqv Z Lvwgmv Z_v mvgx
RvgvZ ch cob Ges mvw`mv Z_v RvjvjvBbmn `vIivq nv`xm (Gg.
G. BmjvwgK vwWR) I xwb wkvi DPZi MelYvg~jK mevP i
ZvLvm&mym wdj wdK&n Iqvj BdZv (wc GBP. wW. Bb BmjvwgK j)
RvwgAv Avkivdzj gv`vwim _K mb Kib| wZwb cvq mKj cixvq
c_g wefvM Ges vi gvK jvf KiQb|
Rbvij wkv ARb
hnZz xb cPvi-cmvii Rbvij wkvi h_ f~wgKv
iqQ| ZvB wZwb i _KB Gw`K gbvhvM w`qQb| wZwb xbx
wkvRbi cvkvcvwk cvBfUfve 2000 C. mb KivPx evWi Avvi
Gm.Gm.wm. cixv w`q wZxq wefvM jvf Kib| cieZxZ GBP.Gm.wm
Gi cywZ mb KiQb, wKy wKQz KviYekZ cixv `qv nqwb|
KwDUvi wWcvgv
wZwb 1999 C. mb gvBvmdU Awdm Kvm wkLb| 2002 C. mb
KivPxZ KwDUvi vwWR Gi wW.AvB.wU (Diploma in Information
Technoloy) Z GK eQii wWcvgv Kib Ges 2007 C. mb evsjv`k
wnmby` `yAv 31
AvB.wm.wU (Information of Computer Technoloy) Z wZwb AviI GK
eQii wWcvgv KiQb| wZwb KwDUvii mdUIqvi, nvWIqvi, Mvwd I
bUIqvwKs G `Zv ivLb Ges evsjv, BsiRx, Aviex, D`y I wn`xi `Z
eYwebvm KiZ cvib|
Abvb msw Kvmmg~n
1| Bjgym mid Iqvb bvne Kvm (Bgvgym mid Iqvb bvne gvIjvbv
bvmijvn Lvb mvne Gi KvQ) 1998
2| Zvdmxij KziAvb Kvm (gvIjvbv mvC` Avngv` ivqcyix, Ljxdv
I cy nhiZ kvn Ave`yj Avhxh ivqcyix in. Gi KvQ) 1998
3| Zvdmxij KziAvb I dvng xb Kvm (gydZx Ave`yj nvgx`
ievbx Gi KvQ) 2003-04
4| i kxBqvZ (Avjvgv Avjx ki nvq`vix Gi KvQ) 1998
5| i Kvw`qvwbqvZ Kvm (Avjvgv gvbh~i Avngv` wPbvUx in.
Gi KvQ) 2003
6| BmjvwgK A_bxwZ (gydZx ZvKx Dmgvbx Gi KvQ) 2003
7| Bswjk vKb G dbwU Kvm (mvBdzim) 2009
8| ZvRex` Kvm (nvdh Kvix gvI. gydZx mvbvDjvn Gi KvQ) 2008
9| nvievj cvKwUm (nvKxg gynvv` Rvjxm,gvZve Avkivdx,KivPx) 2004
10| nvwgIcvw_ cvKwUm (Wvt Gm. nvmvb, wWc. nvwgI, gvjqwkqv,
wc GBP. wW. mvBKvjwR, jb Gi KvQ) 2010 (Pjgvb)
Bmjvnx mK I evqAvZ MnY
gydZx mvne c_g nhiZ gvIjvbv gydZx ikx` Avngv` jyaqvbex
(in.) Avnmvbyj dvZvIqvi jLK Gi Bmjvnx gRwjm cvq kixK nZb|
cieZxZ wZwb `vIivq nv`xm Gi eQi 2002 C. mb nvKxgyj DvZ
nhiZ gvIjvbv Avkivd Avjx _vbex (in.) Gi Ljxdvq gvRvh gywnDm
mybvn nhiZ gvIjvbv kvn Aveivij nK nvi`vqx (in.) Gi Ljxdvq
gvRvh Avwid wejvn nhiZ gvIjvbv kvn nvKxg gynvv` AvLZvi mvne
(`v. ev.) Gi nvZ evqAvZ MnY Kib|
nv`xmi mb`
1| kvBLyj nv`xm gvIjvbv Ave`yi ikx` (kvBLyj nv`xm, RvwgAv
Avkivdzj gv`vwim, KivPx Ges Ljxdvq gvRvh, kvn nvKxg gvIjvbv
gynvv` AvLZvi `v. ev.) 2002 C.
wnmby` `yAv 32
2| gvIjvbv mvidivh Lvb md`vi in. (mveK kvBLyj nv`xm, gvìvmv
bymivZzj Dj~g, MvRivbIqvjv) 2002 C.
3| kvBLyj nv`xm mvjxgyjvn Lvb (kvMi`, gvIjvbv mvBb Avngv`
gv`vbx in., gynZvwgg, RvwgAv dviwKqv, KivPx Ges mì, wedvKzj
gv`vwim Avj-Avivweqv cvwKvb) 2002 C.
4| Kvix gynvv` mvwjg (Kvix gynvv` Zwqe in. Gi Qj) 2004 C.
5| gydZx dRjyj nK Avgxbx (cavb gydZx I gynZvwgg, RvwgAv
KziAvwbqv Avivweqv jvjevM, XvKv) 2004 C.
6| gydZx w`jvIqvi nvmvBb (kvMi`, kvBLyj nv`xm gvIjvbv AvRxRyj
nK, Lvm kvMi`, kvBLyj Bmjvg gydZx ZvKx Dmgvbx Ges cavb
gydZx, RvwgAv Bmjvwgqv `vij Dj~g XvKv) 2009 C.
wkKZv
gydZx mvne 2005 C. _K A`vewa ìm I Zvìxm Gi mv_ hy
AvQb| wZwb Avb-b~i GKvWgx, wgicyi, B`vivZzj gvAvwid AvjBmjvwgqv Z Zvìxm KiQb Ges eZgvb RvwgAv Bmjvwgqv `vij
Dj~g XvKv Z Zvìxm Gi `vwqZ wbqvwRZ iqQb|
iPbvejx
1| KziAvb gvRx` fve cob [ZvRex` mwKZ] cKvwkZ
2| wndhyj KziAvbi AvaywbK cwZ
[KziAvb gvRxì 558wU iK I 610 cvi ZvwjKv] cKvwkZ
3| wnKvqvZ jZxd [dvimx-evsjv] cKvwkZ
4| wnmbyj AhvBd [`bw`bi Ahxdv] cKvwkZe
5| gvIjvbv nvgx`yxb dvivnx in. [Rxebx] cKvwkZ
6| bvgvhi Zvrch
7| bvn I gvbwmK Akvw
8| BmjvwgK Iqe GvWm [5,000 Bmjvgx Iqe GvWm]
9| gvBvmdU Awdm cvMvgm [GKi wfZi `k]
10| gymwjg cybRvMiYi c_
11| gymjgvbì wkveev Kgb nIqv DwPZ?
12| Kv`qvbx gZev` Lb bxwZgvjv
13| kxqv gZev` Lb bxwZgvjv
14| gI`~`x gZevì Avovj kxqv gZev`
wnmby` `yAv 33
Aavq t 1
`yAv cm
KwZcq iZc~Y AvjvPbv
wnmby` `yAv 34
1g Aavq
`yAv cm KwZcq iZcY~ AvjvPbv

`yAvi dhxjZ
1| nhiZ Beb Dgi (iv.) _K ewYZ| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn
Iqv mvjvg ejQb t Zvgvì ga hvi Rb `yAvi vi Lvjv
nqQ (A_vr hvi `yAv Kivi ZvIdxK nqQ) Zvi Rb ingZi
viB Lvjv nqQ| Avjvni KvQ hme `yAv PvIqv nq, Za
Zvi wbKU mevwaK cQ`xq nj AvwdqvZ A_vr wbivcv I ^vi
Rb `yAv Kiv| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 552, nv`xm bs 3548)
2| nhiZ mvjgvb dvimx (iv.) _K ewYZ| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv
AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb t `yAv eZxZ Ab Kvb ey
ZK`xii wjLbK wdivZ cvi bv Ges bK Avgj Qvov Ab
Kvb ey nvqvZ ew KiZ cvi bv| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 4, c. 448,
nv`xm bs 2139)
gywnDm mybvn nhiZ gvIjvbv kvn Aveivij nK (in.) Gi

Ljxdvq gvRvh nhiZ AvK`vm gvIjvbv kvn nvKxg gynvv` AvLZvi
mvne (`v. ev.) ejb t
wbR bvni KviY cw_exevmx hb wbivk bv nq;

evKzj (AveMgq) ewi `yAvq fvM cwieZb nq hvq|
3| nhiZ Ave~ ivqiv (iv.) _K ewYZ| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv
AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb t h ew Avjvni wbKU wKQz Pvq
bv, Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvi cwZ Amy nb| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c.
456, nv`xm bs 3373)
4| nhiZ Ave~ ivqiv (iv.) _K ewYZ| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv

AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb t h ew cQ` Ki h, `ytLi
mgq hb Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvi `yAv Keyj Kib, Ze m hb
wnmby` `yAv 35
myLi mgq AwaK cwigvY `yAv Ki| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c.
462, nv`xm bs 3382)
5| nhiZ Ave~ mvC` Lyìx (iv.) _K ewYZ| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv

AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb t gymjgvb h Kvb `yAv Ki hvZ
bvni KvR I AvZxqZv Qì K_v bB, wbq Avjvn ZvK
GB wZbwUi GKwU `vb Kib t (1) Zvi PvIqv ey `ywbqvZ `vb
Kib (2) ciKvji Rb Rgv ivLb A_ev (3) Zvi Abyic Kvb
Agj (wec`)K Zvi _K `~i ivLb| (gymbv` Avngv`, L. 3,
c. 18, nv`xm bs 11149)
`yAv Keyj nIqvi kZvejx

1| ay Avjvni KvQ PvIqv| (Avjvn eZxZ Ab KviI wbKU `yAv
Kiv wkiK)| (m~iv bvnj, 16: 20-21, m~iv nR, 22: 73-74, m~iv dvwZi,
35: 13-14, m~iv AvnKvd, 46: 5)
2| BLjvmi mv_ `yAv Kiv| (mnxn gymwjg, 2: 2564)
wiqv BLjvmi cwicx| wiqvK ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv
mvjvg QvU wkiK ejQb| (gymbv` Avngv`, 5: 23686)
3| cvbvnvi I cwiavbi ga nvivg ey cwiZvM Kiv| (mnxn gymwjg, L.
2, c. 703, nv`xm bs 1015)
nvivg Lv` `vhL wbq hve| (gymbv` Avngv`, 3: 14481)
nvivg gvj `vb Kij mvIqve nq bv| (mnxn gymwjg, 2: 1015)
my`, Nyl I Amr Dcvq AwRZ m` nvivg|
(m~iv evKviv, 2: 275, m~iv gvwq`v, 5: 42, m~iv wbmv, 4: 10 I 29)
4| ah I `p wekvmi mv_ `yAv Kiv| (m~iv bvnj, 16: 96, m~iv Avbdvj,
8: 46)
Avjvni ingZ _K wbivk nIqv gywgbi kvb bq| (m~iv BDmyd, 12: 87,
m~iv hygvi, 39: 53)
5| gbvhvM I GKvMZvi mv_ `yAv Kiv| AgbvhvMx I Mvdj

Aii `yAv Keyj Kiv nq bv| (Rvg wZiwghx, 5: 3479)
6| bvn Kexivn Ki _vKj ZvIev eZxZ Ab `yAv Keyj ne bv|
ZvIev QqwU wRwbmb bvg t (1) AZxZ g` Kgi Rb AbyZvc (2) hme
dih I IqvwRe QzU MQ mjv Kvhv Kiv (3) KviI ab-m`
Abvqfve MnY Ki _vKj Zv diZ `qv (4) KvDK K_vq ev A-
wnmby` `yAv 36
cZ viv K w`q _vKj Zb gv PvIqv (5) fwelZ mB bvn
wj bv nIqvi `p msK Kiv (6) c~e wbRK hgb Avjvni bvdigvbx
KiZ `LwQj, eZgvb wbRK AvbyMZ KiZ `Lv| (Zvdmxi gvhnvix)
7| Avjvni dqmvjvKZ wRwbm cwieZbi `yAv bv Kiv| hgbGic `yAv Kiv h, n Avjvn! AvgvK bvix _K cyil A_ev
cyil _K bvix evwbq `vI|
8| Kvb bvn ev AvZxqZv weQì `yAv Kie bv| (mnxn gymwjg,
L. 4, c. 2095, nv`xm bs 2735)
9| `yAvi ga mxgvjsNb bv Kiv A_vr Kvb Ame I Aeve eyi

`yAv bv Kiv|
10| `yAv Keyj nIqvi evcvi Zvovov bv Kiv| ahnviv nq `yAv
Kiv e bv Kiv| (mnxn eyLvix, nv`xm bs 6324)
`yAvi Avèmg~n
wbgewYZ `yAvi Avèmg~n wewfb nv`xm viv cgvwYZ|
`yAvi i I kl Avjvni cksmv (nvg`-mvbv) Ges ivm~ji
cwZ `yi` cov| (Rvg wZiwghx, 5: 3476)
Ah~ Aevq I wKejvgyLx nq `yAv Kiv gyvnve|
`yAvi mgq nvUz Rvo Ki (Zvkvì Aevq) emv gyvnve|
nvZ Zzj `yAv Kiv Ges kl Pnvivq nvZ gvQv gyvnve|
(Rvg wZiwghx, 5: 3386)
nvZ Kuva ch DVvb Ges Lvjv ivLv gyvnve|

`yAvi c~e Kvb bK Avgj (bvgvh, m`Kv BZvw`) Ki bqv
A_ev mvjvZzj nvRZ co bqv|
wbR bK Avgji Amxjvq `yAv Kiv| (mnxn eyLvix, 8: 5974)
ay `ywbqvi Rb `yAv bv Kiv| (m~iv evKviv, 2: 201)
KvKzwZ-wgbwZmn Ges Mvcb `yAv Kiv| (m~iv Avivd, 7: 50)
Ai fq I Avkv wbq `yAv Kiv| (m~iv Avivd, 7: 56)
ay gymxeZi mgqKB `yAvi Rb wbw` bv Kiv|
(m~iv BDbym, 10: 12, Rvg wZiwghx, 5: 3382)

wnmby` `yAv 37
BQvKZ Q` I gvayhZv bv Avbv| (mnxn eyLvix, 8: 6337)
`yAvq nVKvwiZv bv Kiv| KviY `yAv nj Ave`b, `vwe bq h,
Avgiv eje: n Avjvn! AvgvK AgyK wRwbm w`ZB ne|
AvgvK G wec` _K gyw w`ZB ne|
Avjvn cvKi ingZ msKxY Kie bv| A_vr wbRi KjvY Avi
Acii ewZ nIqvi `yAv Kie bv| (mnxn eyLvix, 8: 6010)
cvci kvw `ywbqvZ bv PvIqv| (mnxn gymwjg, 4: 2688)
Rvb-gvj I mvb-mwZi Rb e` `yAv bv Kiv|
(mnxn gymwjg, 4: 3009)
wbRi gZzi Rb `yAv bv Kiv| (mnxn eyLvix, 7: 5672)

Bmg Avhgi gvag `yAv Kiv| (Rvg wZiwghx, 5: 3475)
AvmgvDj mbvi Amxjv w`q `yAv Kiv gyvnve| (m~iv Avivd, 7: 180)
Avgxb ej `yAv kl Kiv| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, 1: 938)
GKB `yAv evi evi (AZ wZb evi) Kiv gyvnve|
`b Kiv wKsev `bi Aev Avbqb Kiv gyvnve|
bexMYi Amxjv w`q `yAv Kiv gyvnve|
Avjvni bK ev`vì Amxjv w`q `yAv Kiv gyvnve|
bvnmg~n _K ZvIev Ki `yAv PvIqv gyvnve|
wbRi `xbZv-nxbZv I AmnvqZv cKvk Kiv gyvnve|
`yAvi ga evcK k (hvi ga mKj cqvRb Gm hvq)
eenvi Kiv gyvnve|
`yAvi ga mKj gymjgvbì kvwgj Kiv gyvnve|
c_g wbRi Rb, AZtci wcZv-gvZv, AZtci x-mvb,
AZtci mKj gywgb bi-bvixi Rb `yAv Kiv gyvnve|
`yAvKvix Bgvg nj ay wbRi Rb `yAv bv Ki mKj gymjxì
`yAvZ Afy Kiv DwPZ| A_vr Avwg Gi cwieZ Avgiv
Ges Avgvi Gi cwieZ Avgvì k eenvi Kiv gyvnve|

`yAvKvix Ges `yAv keYKvix Dfqi Rb Avgxb ejv gyvnve|
wnmby` `yAv 38
`yAvi ga gvmb~b `yAvmg~ni kvejx Aej^b Kiv gyvnve,
Ze wbR fvlvq `yAv KivI Rvqh AvQ|
wbRi QvU-eo mKj cqvRb Avjvni wbKU PvIqv gyvnve|
hvì `yAv weklfve Keyj nq
1| wZb cKvi ewi `yAv weklfve Keyj nq t
(1) wcZv-gvZvi `yAv wbR mvbi Rb (2) gymvwdii `yAv Ges
(3) gvhj~gi `yAv| (Rvg wZiwghx, 5: 3448, mybvb Ave~ `vD`, 1: 1536)
2| cuvP ewi `yAv AekB Keyj nq t
(1) gvhj~gi `yAv (2) nvRxi `yAv (3) gyRvwnì `yAv (4)
ivMxi `yAv (5) gymjgvb fvBqi Rb `yAv Zvi AbycwwZZ|
(wgkKvZzj gvmvexn, 2: 2260)
3| ivhv`vii `yAv BdZvii mgq| (Rvg wZiwghx, 4: 2526)

4| gymjgvb fvBqi Rb Mvqevbv `yAv| (mnxn gymwjg, 4: 2733)
5| Amnvq I `y`kvM ewi `yAv| (m~iv bvgj, 27: 62)
6| Bgvg Avw`j Gi `yAv| (Rvg wZiwghx, 4: 2526)
7| cZK bvi ewi `yAv| (wnmb nvmxb, c. 44)
`yAv Keyj nIqvi wekl mgq I Aev
RygAvi ivZ A_vr enwZevi wèvMZ ivZ|
RygAvi cyiv w`b| (mnxn eyLvix, 2: 935) {1}
cZK ivZi kl Ask `yAv Keyj nq| (Rvg wZiwghx, 5: 3499)
Avhvbi mgq `yAv Keyj nq| (wgkKvZzj gvmvexn, 1: 672, gymvbvd
Beb Avex kvBevn, 10: 29858)
{1}
RygAvi w`b `yAv Ke~j nIqvi gyn~Z

wji evcvi wewfb nv`xm KwZcq gZvgZ
iqQ t (1) Bgvgi LyZev c`vbi Rb wg^vi emv _K RygAv kl nIqv ch| (2)
RvgvAvZ ùvovbv _K mvjvg wdivbv ch| (3) bvgvh Av`vq Kivi mgq ùvovbv
Aevq| (4) Avmii bvgvhi ci _K m~h A hvIqv ch| (5) RygAvi w`bi kl
gyn~Z
wj| (6) nhiZ Ave~ hi wMdvix (iv.) Gi gZ nj t (RygAvi w`b wcni) m~h Xj
hvIqvi ci _K GK nvZ Xj hvIqv ch| (7) Bgvg Rvhix (in.) Gi gZ nj t
Bgvgi m~ivq dvwZnv cov _K Avgxb ejv ch gaeZx mgqUzKz| (wnmb nvmxb, c.
39-40)
wnmby` `yAv 39
Avhvb I BKvgZi gvSLvbi mgq `yAv Keyj nq|
BKvgZi mgq `yAv Keyj nq|
(gymvbvd Beb Avex kvBevn, 10: 29858)

Bgvg mvnei ;i
ejvi ci `yAv Kij Keyj nq|

fmi

mR`vq _vKv Aevq `yAv Keyj nq| (mnxn gymwjg, 1: 482)

dih bvgvhi ci `yAv Keyj nq| (Rvg wZiwghx, 5: 3499)
cyiv ighvb gvm `yAv Keyj nq| (gvRgvDh hvIqvwq`, 3: 4783)
ke Kì `yAv Keyj nq| (mnxn eyLvix, 3: 1901)
KziAvb LZgi ci `yAv Keyj nq| (gvRgvDh hvIqvwq`, 7: 11712)
KziAvb Kvixgi wZjvIqvZi ci `yAv Keyj nq|
m~iv AvbAvg AvqvZ bs 124 G `yB 0
ki gvS `yAv Kij
m `yAv Keyj nq|

fmifi=
f i = B fi f m i
f m$ 0
E f mm
i fmi
0

ewi mgq `yAv Keyj nq| (wgkKvZzj gvmvexn, 1: 672)

hghgi cvwb cvb Kivi mgq|
gviMi WvK `qvi mgq| (mnxn eyLvix, 4: 3303)
cP hy nQ Ges GK Acii Dci nvgjv KiQ| G Aevq
`yAv Keyj nq| (wgkKvZzj gvmvexn, 1: 672)
Bmjvgx hyi gq`vb KvZvie`x Aevq `yAv Keyj nq|
gymjgvbì agxq mgvek|
whwKii gRwjm (whKijvni gRwjm, KziAvb-mybvn wKsev
bmxnZi gRwjm)|
gZz khvq gZzi mgq (AvhivBji AvMgbi c~e)|

`yAv Keyj nIqvi wekl (gv gyKvi&igvi) vbmg~n

Kvev kixdi Dci `w covi mgq `yAv Keyj nq| (Bgvg Rvhix)
gvZvd ev ZvIqvd Kivi vb|

wnmby` `yAv 40
gyjZvhvg (nvRi AvmIqv` Ges evqZzjvn kixdi gaeZx
RvqMv)|
gxhve ingZ (evqZzjvn kixdi cibvjvi bxP)|
Kvev kixdi wfZi|
hghg Kci wbKU|
mvdv I gviIqv cvnvoi Dci|
gvmAv (mvdv-gviIqvi gaeZx mvC ev òvbvi vb)|
gvKvg Beivnxgi wcQb|
Avivdvi gq`vb `yAv Keyj nq| (Rvg wZiwghx, 5: 3585)
gyh`vwjdvq (hLvb nvRxMY Avivdvi gq`vb _K wdi Gm
gvMwie I Gkvi bvgvh GK Av`vq Kib Ges ivw hvcb
Kib)| (mybvb Beb gvRvn, 4: 3013)
gxbvq Ki wbc Kivi wZbwU i wbKU|
ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi iIhvq AvK`vmi
mvgb (ewk wfo nj Pjv AevZB nvZ bv Zzj `yAv Kie
Avi wifve ùvovbvi myhvM cj iIhvi w`K gyL bv Ki,
wKejvgyLx nq `yAv Kie)| (wnmb nvmxb, c. 43)
gvjv Avjx Kvix AviI KqKwU vb DjL KiQb t
(K) iKb Bqvgvbx (Kvev kixdi `wY-cwg KvY)
(L) iKb Bqvgvbx I nvRi AvmIqvì gaeZx vb (M) mvIi
nv (N) `vij AviKvg Ges (O) Mvi niv|
gybvRvZ Kivi gvmb~b ZixKv

ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg I mvnvevq wKivg (iv.)
Bbwdiv`x I BRZgvqx `yAv KiQb hv wewfb nv`xm viv cgvwYZ|
`yAv Keyj nIqvi Rb mybvZ ZixKv AbymiY Kiv AZ Riix| hw`
`ywbqvi Awdm-Av`vjZ ìLv Kivi wbqg-Kvbyb _vKZ cvi,
Zvnj AvnKvgyj nvwKgxbi kvnx ìevi `yAv I ìLv Kivi wK
Kvb wbqg-Kvbyb _vKZ cvi bv? AekB AvQ Ges Zv nQ t
wnmby` `yAv 41
Ah~ Aevq, Zvkvì m~iZ em, wKejvgyLx nq, `ynvZ eyK
eivei Zzj, wbR bvni K_v iY Ki Ges Lye KvKzwZ-wgbwZi
mv_ `yAv Kie| `yAvi iZ Avjvni cksmv I ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv
AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi Dci `yi` cvV Kie| AZtci wbR bvni
^xKvivwg~jK Kvb `yAv cvV Kie Ges nv`xm ewYZ Bmg Avhg
m^wjZ `yAv mg~n coe| Gici Abvb `yAv Kie| `yAvi kl
Avevi Avjvni cksmv I ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi
Dci `yi` cvV Kie Ges `ynvZ Pnvivq gyQ wbe|
GRb wbgewYZ `yAv mg~n AbymiY Kiv Dg| Kbbv G `yAv
mg~n (wewQbfve) nv`xm viv cgvwYZ Ges eyhMy ì cixwZ Avgj|
1| wbgi `yAv viv gybvRvZ i Kie3 $ fLm mi fKm mi J
fK i3 f
3 fmmi
i f
m ifmi G = F
;
(fmi
3 $ .fmi
;
m mi fK ifmi
2| AZtci G `yAv coe| Kbbv G `yAvi eiKZ nhiZ Av`g I
nvIqv (Av.) 350 eQi Kvbvi ci bvni gvwd cqwQjb|

fif i fm i f i f if"
fi
mi fm i=
i fmi
f mmi
mi fmm
m i fmmif
fmm
A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! Avgiv wbRì cwZ Abvq KiwQ, hw`
Zzwg AvgvìK gv bv Ki Ges `qv bv Ki Ze Zv Avgiv wZM
ì Afy ne| (m~iv Avivd, 7: 23)
3| Gici wbR cqvRb gZ `yAv Kie|
4| wbgewYZ `yAvi viv `yAv kl Kie|
G=
3 fmm
m i G=
i ;mif
fmi
m i
F
f$ .+fi
f i= fm
(f
mi
f mmi
;mifmi

A_ t cwe Avcbvi cwZcvjKi mv, wZwb mvwbZ I cwe hv Zviv
eYbv Ki Zv _K| cqMîì cwZ mvjvg ewlZ nvK| mg
cksmv wekcvjK Avjvni Rb| (m~iv mvddvZ, 37: 180-182, Zeivbx, L.
5, c. 211, nv`xm bs 5124)
wnmby` `yAv 42
cZK `yAvi kl Avgxb ejv DwPZ
h `yAvi kl Avgxb ejv nq ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv
mvjvg m `yAv Keyj nIqvi myLei w`qQb| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1,
c. 310, nv`xm bs 938)
hw` KqKRb jvK GKwZ nq `yAv Ki, Zvì GKRb `yAv

Ki Avi evKx mevB Avgxb ej Zvnj Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvì `yAv
Keyj Kib| (gvRgvDh& hvIqvwq`, L. 10, c. 267, nv`xm bs
17347) Kbbv DcwZ mevi Avgxb ejv `yAvKvixi `yAvq kixK
nIqvi bvgvi|
GKwU weÀvZ
Avgvì `k AwaKvsk BgvgMY YY;i
3 fmmi
3 WW ej `yAv i Ki
_vKb| GUv m~Y weÀvZ Kbbv mybvZi cwicx Ges Kvb nv`xm
viv cgvwYZ bq| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg I mvnvevq
wKivgi ga KD Gfve `yAv Kib bB| Avi Gfve `yAv i
Kiv hywiI Ljvc| Kbbv YY;i
3 fmmi
3 WW Gi A_ nj, n Avjvn!
Avcwb Keyj Kib| GLb ch Kvb `yAvB Zv Kiv nqwb, Zvnj
Avjvn ZvAvjv wK Keyj Kieb?
AwaKvsk BgvgMY `yAv kl Kivi mgq Gfve ej _vKb0
8fi= f+m mi 0
L f m i
3 i fmm\
f]
A_ev
0
8fi=
fmm
3 i ^ fmi fmi fmi f \ fi 3 fm i
+ i 0
f]
GUvI m~Y weÀvZ Kbbv mybvZi cwicx Ges Kvb nv`xm viv
cgvwYZ bq| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg I mvnvevq
wKivgi ga KD Gfve `yAv Kib bB| AZGe Avgiv HfveB
`yAv Kie, hfve ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg, mvnvevq
wKivg I eyhyMvb xb `yAv KiQb| Avjvn ZvAvjv AvgvìK
mKj cKvii weÀvZ cwinvi Ki mybvZi AbymiY Kivi ZvIdxK
`vb Kib| Avgxb!
wnmby` `yAv 43
`yAv Keyj nIqvq wqvg~jK `yAv
dvq`v t hLb KD Zvi `yAv Keyj nZ `L A_vr ivM _K gyw
cvq wKsev mdi _K mnx-mvjvgZ wdi Avm ZLb wbgv
wqvg~jK `yAvwU cov DwPZ|
K fi
K m i _fi
^fm
3 fmm
i
ifmi
F
fif
fmi
fi
A_ t mKj cksmv Avjvni Rb, huvi BZ I mvb viv Dg
eymg~n c~Yv nq| (gyvìvK nvwKg, L. 1, c. 730, nv`xm bs 1999)
gywgbi Kvb `yAv wedj hvq bv
hLb Kvb gymjgvb `yAv Ki, hw` Zvi `yAvq bvni KvR
wKsev mKQì Ave`b bv _vK Zvnj Avjvn ZvAvjv wZbwU
cwZ`vbi h Kvb GKwU AekB `vb Kib| (1) mv_ mv_ `yAv
Kej~ Kib Ges Zvi KvwLZ wRwbm w`q `b| (2) Zvi AvwLivZi
KjvYi Rb Zv Rgv Ki ivLb| Ges (3) `yAvi KviY Kvb
AKjvY ev wec` _K ZvK wndvhZ Kib| (gymbv` Avngv`, L. 3, c.
18, nv`xm bs 11149)
wnmby` `yAv 44
Aavq t 2
KziAvb gvRx` ewYZ
`yAvmg~n
wnmby` `yAv 45
2q Aavq
KziAvb gvRx` ewYZ `yAvmg~n

1| `ywbqv I AvwLivZi KjvY jvfi `yAv
b (f
b fmifi
=fmi
fmmi
3 fmi=

i 3 a fmmi
a fmi
Gf$
fmi
A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! AvgvìK `ywbqvZI KjvY `vb Ki
Ges AvwLivZI KjvY `vb Ki| Avi AvgvìK `vhLi Avhve
_K iv Ki| (m~iv evKviv, 2: 201)
2| bK Avgj Keyj nIqvi `yAv
fmi=
fmmmi
f m mi
fmi
f

i fi
f mmmi
A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! Avgvì G KvRwU Zzwg Keyj Ki|
wbqB Zzwg mekvZv, me| (m~iv evKviv, 2: 127)
3| xbi cwZ Ges ki gvKvejvq AUj _vKvi `yAv
dvq`v t KIg Zvj~Z G `yAv co ki gvKvejvq Rq jvf
KiwQj|
i fmi=
fi f ifi i .fmi
m i fmi
fi
m$ ff

fmi
f $ fif
ei
b fm)
A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! Avgvì Ai ah `vb Ki Ges
AvgvìK `pc` ivL| Avi Kvdi RvwZi wei Avgvì mvnvh
Ki| (m~iv evKviv, 2: 250)
4| fyj-vw ^xKvi Ki gv PvIqv
fmi=
f $ fmmmi
fm)mi
fmi=
m$ f m mi
fifmi

E fmi
fififi
fb i fm)
fi fmm
K fmi
mfmi
fmi=
mfmi
fi
mfi
f mi
fifi
mm
fmmmi
f i f i fi
i

fif i fi i .fmi
m ifi fi fi

f $ fif
i mfmmi=
f
A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! hw` Avgiv fyj hvB A_ev fyj Kwi,
Ze AvgvìK cvKovI Ki bv| n Avgvì ie! Avgvì
wnmby` `yAv 46
c~eeZxì Dci hgb i`vwqZ AcY KiwQj, Avgvì Dci
Zgb `vwqZ AcY Ki bv| n Avgvì cvjbKZv! Ggb fvi Avgvì
Dci AcY Ki bv, hv enb Kivi kw Avgvì bB| Avgvì cvc
gvPb Ki, Avgvì gv Ki Ges Avgvì cwZ `qv Ki| ZzwgB
Avgvì AwffveK| myZivs Kvdi mc`vqi wei Avgvì
mvnvh Ki| (m~iv evKviv, 2: 286)
5| n`vqZ cvwi ci c_ bv nIqvi `yAv
i fmi=
b f ifi
fi
fmi=
fi
9 fmi
f mi ff

f i fmi
fmi
fmqifi
Gfifi
i
f
A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! mij c_ c`kbi ci Zzwg Avgvì
AiK mZ-jsNb ce Ki bv| Zvgvi wbKU _K AvgvìK
KiYv `vb Ki| wbqB Zzwg gnv`vZv| (m~iv Avj Bgivb, 3: 8)
6| gv I Rvnvbvg _K gyw cvIqvi `yAv
=fmi
fi fmi
3 fmi
fmi
fi9
f mi
fmi=

Gf$
fmi
fmi
A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! Avgiv Cgvb GbwQ; myZivs Zzwg

Avgvì cvc gv Ki Ges AvgvìK Avbi Avhve _K iv
Ki| (m~iv Avj Bgivb, 3: 16)
7| xbi mvxì Afy nIqvi `yAv

fi fifmi
3 fmi=
8 fif
f

f i fmsmifi
if i fmi
fmi
i fmmmi
A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! Zzwg hv AeZxY KiQ ZvZ Avgiv
Cgvb GbwQ Ges Avgiv ivm~ji AbymiY KiwQ| myZivs AvgvìK
mvx`vbKvixì ZvwjKvfy Ki| (m~iv Avj Bgivb, 3: 53)
8| `vhL _K gywi `yAv
3 fm
=fmi
b fi
m i fifi

fifm
mi fi fmi=
Gf$
fmmi
A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! Zzwg Bnv wbi_K mw Kiwb| Zzwg cwe,
Zzwg AvgvìK AwMkvw _K iv Ki| (m~iv Avj Bgivb, 3: 191)
wnmby` `yAv 47
9| `vhL I Acgvb _K euvPvi `yAv
=fm
fmi=

E i fmi
=fmi
fi fi
fmif
fi
L i f i ;mifmmi
f i fi
A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! KvDK Zzwg Avb wbc Kij ZvK
Zv Zzwg wbq nq Kij Ges hvwjgì Kvb mvnvhKvix bB| (m~iv
Avj Bgivb, 3: 192)
10| Avjvni KvQ gv I ingZ cv_bv Kiv

fmi f mi
fi fmi=
3fi fm
fmi
fmi
fmi
=
i fifmi
_
b fmmmi
fm
ifi
if i fmi
3 fm
=f
f m i fmi
fmifm
)i
fi9
fmi
i f i fmifi

A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! Avgiv GK AvnvqKK Cgvbi w`K
Avnvb KiZ bwQ, Zvgiv Zvgvì cwZcvjKi cwZ Cgvb Avb|
myZivs Avgiv Cgvb GbwQ| n Avgvì cwZcvjK! Zzwg Avgvì
cvc gv Ki, Avgvì g` Kvhwj `~ixf~Z Ki Ges AvgvìK
mrKgcivqYì mnMvgx Ki gZz wÌ| (m~iv Avj Bgivb, 3: 193)
11| AvLivZi KjvYi Rb `yAv

m i
fmi=
.fi
fifmmi
f3 $ fmi
m i fi
f$
3 fmi=

fi fmi
fm mmi
fif
fm
A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! Zvgvi ivm~jMYi gvag AvgvìK
hv `qvi cwZkwZ w`qQ Zv AvgvìK `vI Ges wKqvgZi w`b
AvgvìK nq Ki bv| wbqB Zzwg cwZkwZi ewZg Ki bv| (m~iv
Avj Bgivb, 3: 194)
12| wbR cvc ^xKvi Ki gv I ingZ cv_bv Kiv

dvq`v t nhiZ Av`g I nvIqv (Av.) G `yAv co gvcv
nqwQjb|

fif i fm i f i f if"
fi
i fmi
f mmi
mi fmm
mi fmi=

m i fmmif
fmm
A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! Avgiv wbRìi cwZ Abvq KiwQ,
hw` Zzwg AvgvìK gv bv Ki Ges `qv bv Ki Ze Zv Avgiv
wZMì Afy ne| (m~iv Avivd, 7: 23)
wnmby` `yAv 48
13| hvwjgì mx nIqv _K cvbvn PvIqv
;mifmi
i fmi=

f i fmmmm
.fmi
A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! AvgvìK hvwjgì mx Ki bv| (m~iv
Avivd, 7: 47)
14| ah I gymjgvbic gZz nIqvi `yAv

dvq`v t diAvDbi hv`yKiiv G `yAv co gymjgvb nqwQj|
i fmi=
;mmmi
ei
m$ ff

fmifi
b fm)
A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! AvgvìK ah `vb Ki Ges
gymjgvbic AvgvìK gZz `vI| (m~iv Avivd, 7: 126)
dvq`v t nhiZ g~mv (Av.) Gi G `yAvi eiKZ Avjvn ZvAvjv
Kvn Zi G ebx BmivCji 70 Rb m`vii gZzi ci Rxeb
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wnmby` `yAv 49
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Afy ne| (m~iv n~`, 11: 47)
18| Bmjvgi Dci gZz nIqvi `yAv
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19| g~wZcyRv _K euP _vKvi `yAv
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.fmi
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20| bvgvhi cve` nIqvi Rb `yAv
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A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! AvgvK mvjvZ KvqgKvix Ki Ges Avgvi
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Ki| (m~iv Beivnxg, 14: 40)
wnmby` `yAv 50
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fifi
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22| gvZv-wcZvi Rb `yAv

Jmi
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b fmi=
A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! Zvì cwZ `qv Ki hfve kke Zviv
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23| Kvb bZzb KvR hvM`vb wKsev bZzb RvqMvq cekKvji `yAv
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m i f
fifmmi
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Jmi
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A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! AvgvK KjvYi mwnZ cek KivI Ges
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mvnvhKvix kw `vb Ki| (m~iv Bmiv, 17: 80)
24| Avjvni ingZ I KvR-Kgi myeev Pq `yAv
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b f ifi
fi=
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f i fmi
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A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! Zzwg wbR _K AvgvìK AbyMn `vb
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Ki| (m~iv Kvn&d, 18: 10)
wnmby` `yAv 51
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dvq`v t nhiZ g~mv (Av.) wdiAvbi wbKU Avjvni `vIqvZ wbq
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fmmmi

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26| vb ewi Rb `yAv
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cvq|
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A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! Avgvi vb ew Ki `vI| (m~iv Zv-nv, 20:
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A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! Avwg `ytL-K cowQ, Avi ZzwgB Zv
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28| kqZvbi IqvmIqvmv _K Avjvni Avkq PvIqv
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mi
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A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! Avwg Zvgvi Avkq cv_bv KiwQ kqZvbi

civPbv _K; Ges Avwg Zvgvi Avkq cv_bv KiwQ Avgvi wbKU
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wnmby` `yAv 52
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fmm

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54: 10)
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b bi
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mi
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;mif
fi fmi
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f mi

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f
A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! Avgiv Cgvb GbwQ, Zzwg AvgvìK
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32| Rvnvbvgi Avhve _K gywi `yAv
fif
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f

b i f\
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A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! Avgvì _K Rvnvbvgi kvw we`~wiZ

Ki, Zvi kvw Zv wbwZ webvk| (m~iv dziKvb, 25: 65)
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dvq`v t gvbeZvi DuPz i cvIqv mZI nhiZ myjvBgvb (Av.) G `yAv
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fm i f
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A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! Zzwg AvgvK mvg_ `vI hvZ Avwg
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mrKgcivqY ev`vì kvwgj Ki| (m~iv bvg&j, 27: 19)
34| hveZxq KjvYi Rb `yAv
dvq`v t nhiZ g~mv (Av.) G `yAvi eiKZ Lvwj nvZ `k Qvovi
ciI nhiZ AvBe (Av.) Gi gngvb I RvgvZv nIqvi myhvM jvf
KiwQjb|
Jmi
i fmi
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A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! Zzwg Avgvi cwZ h AbyMn Kie Avwg
Zvi Kvvj| (m~iv Kvmvm, 28: 24)
35| vb I RvbvZ Pq `yAv
fif i 3 a {fi
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f i f

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A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! AvgvK vb `vb Ki Ges mrKgcivqYì
kvwgj Ki| cieZxì ga Avgvi Rb m`vjvcb mw Ki; Ges
AvgvK myLgq RvbvZi AwaKvixì Afy Ki| (m~iv Aviv,
26: 83-85)
36| wKqvgZi w`b jvwZ bv nIqvi `yAv

0

+ f m m i .fi
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f
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mvb-mwZ Kvb KvR Avme bv; mw`b Kej m DcKZ ne, h
Avjvni wbKU Avme we Ai wbq| (m~iv Aviv, 26: 87-89)
wnmby` `yAv 54
37| wbR cvc ^xKvi Ki gv PvIqv
fm
mi G=

mi
1 f m ifi f
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38| mij c_ c`kbi `yAv
f msmi
f3i
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(m~iv Kvmvm, 28: 22)
39| dvmv` mwKvixì wei mvnvh Pq `yAv

dvq`v t nhiZ j~Z (Av.) kì wei G `yAvi gvag Avjvni
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fi fmmmi
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f $ f
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AvgvK mvnvh Ki| (m~iv AvbKve~Z, 29: 30)
40| Avjvni bK ev`vì Rb `yAv

dvq`v t dikZvMY gywgbì Rb Gfve `yAv Ki _vKb|
b &L*
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A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! Zvgvi `qv I vb meevcx| AZGe
hviv ZvIev Ki I Zvgvi c_ Aej^b Ki Zzwg ZvìK gv Ki
Ges Rvnvbvgi kvw _K iv Ki| n Avgvì cwZcvjK! Zzwg
ZvìK `vwLj Ki vqx RvbvZ, hvi cwZkwZ Zzwg ZvìK w`qQ
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wnmby` `yAv 55
KiQ ZvìKI| Zzwg Zv civgkvjx, cvgq| Avi Zzwg
ZvìK kvw _K iv Ki| mw`b Zzwg hvK kvw _K iv
Kie, ZvK Zv AbyMnB Kie; GUvB Zv gnvmvdj! (m~iv gywgb,
40: 7-9)
41| mvbi bKKvi nIqvi `yAv

;mmmmi
fmi
f
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a 1 f mi
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A_ t Avgvi Rb Avgvi mvb-mwZìK mrKgcivqY Ki, Avwg
ZvgviB AwfgyLx njvg Ges Avwg AekB AvZmgcYKvixì
Afy| (m~iv Avn&Kvd, 46: 15)
42| cwievi I mvbvw` bKKvi nIqvi `yAv
dvq`v t hvì weqZ wej^ nQ Zviv G `yAvwU ewk ewk Ki
coj BbkvAvjvn wkNB weq nq hve|
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fi

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`vb Ki hviv ne Avgvì Rb bqbcxwZKi Ges AvgvìK Ki
gyvKxì Rb AbymiYhvM| (m~iv dziKvb, 25: 74)
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vZvMYK gv Ki Ges gywgbì wei Avgvì Ai wel iL
bv| n Avgvì cwZcvjK! ZzwgB Zv `qvjy, cig KiYvgq| (m~iv
nvk&i, 59: 10)
44| Kvdiì Drcxob _K ivi `yAv

dvq`v t nhiZ Beivnxg (Av.) G `yAv KiwQjb|
b fmmmm
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A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! Avgiv ZvgviB Dci wbfi KiwQ,
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Avgvì cwZcvjK! Zzwg AvgvìK Kvdiì cxobi cv Ki bv|
n Avgvì cwZcvjK! Zzwg AvgvìK gv Ki; ZzwgB Zv
civgkvjx, cvgq| (m~iv gygZvwnbv, 60: 4-5)
45| Avjvni wbKU b~i I gv Pq cv_bv

f+ifi
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A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! Avgvì RvwZK c~YZv `vb Ki Ges
AvgvìK gv Ki, wbq Zzwg me welq mekwgvb| (m~iv Zvn&ixg,
66: 8)
46| wbR, wcZv-gvZv I gywgb bi-bvixi Rb gv cv_bv

dvq`v t gvm~g Z_v wbvc nIqv mZI nhiZ b~n (Av.) wbR
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^fmifmi
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fifi

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A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! Zzwg AvgvK gv Ki, Avgvi wcZvgvZvK Ges hviv gywgb nq Avgvi Mn cek Ki ZvìK Avi
gywgb cyil I gywgb bvixìK| (m~iv b~n,& 71: 28)
47| Kvb KvRi myì mgvwi `yAv
fmi
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A_ t Avgvi Kvhmvab Zv AvjvniB mvnvh; Avwg ZuviB Dci wbfi
Kwi Ges Avwg ZuviB AwfgyLx| (m~iv n~`, 11: 88)
48| cikvbxi mgq covi `yAv
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0
1 f
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A_ t Avwg Avgvi Amnbxq e`bv, Avgvi `ytL ay Avjvni wbKU
wbe`b KiwQ| (m~iv BDmyd, 12: 86)
wnmby` `yAv 57
49| K wKsev wec` _K gywi `yAv
dvq`v t G `yAvi eiKZ nhiZ BDbym (Av.) gvQi cU _K gyw
cqwQjb| G AvqvZi gvag `yAv Kij m `yAv Keyj nq|
Kbbv D AvqvZK nv`xm Bmg Avhg ejv nqQ| nhiZ BDbym
(Av.) gvQi cU _K G AvqvZi gvag cwivY cqwQjb|
cieZx AvqvZ Zuvi `yAv Keyj nIqvi K_v DjL AvQ| (Rvg wZiwghx,
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m i fi
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A_ t (n Avjvn!) Zzwg eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB| Zzwg wb`vl, Avwg
bvnMvi| (m~iv Avw^qv, 21: 87)
50| gymvwdiK we`vq `qvi `yAv
;
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fi
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+ 0fi
A_ t AvjvnB iYveY k Ges wZwb mek `qvjy| (m~iv BDmyd,
12: 64)
51| bK mvb Pq `yAv

dvq`v t G `yAvi eiKZ 80 eQi eqm nhiZ Beivnxg (Av.) mvb
jvf KiwQjb|
;m

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f i 1 fi
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A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! AvgvK GK mrKgcivqY mvb `vb Ki|
(m~iv mvd&dvZ, 37: 100)
52| bK mvb cvwi `yAv

dvq`v t G `yAvi eiKZ nhiZ hvKvwiqv (Av.) e (100 eQi)
eqm mvb jvf KiwQjb|
;i=fi
b i =fi
i f
G=

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f
A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! AvgvK GKv iL bv, Zzwg Zv k
gvwjKvbvi AwaKvix| (m~iv Avw^qv, 21: 89)
wnmby` `yAv 58
53| bK mvb jvfi AviKwU `yAv
dvq`v t e eqm nhiZ hvKvwiqv (Av.) mvb Pq Avjvni wbKU G
`yAv KiwQjb Ges mv_mv_B dikZv Gm nhiZ hvKvwiqv
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b )i
b =9
& f$fi
fm
f i 1 fi
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A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! Zvgvi c _K Avgvq cyZ-cwe mvb
`vb Ki, wbqB Zzwg cv_bv keYKvix| (m~iv Avj Bgivb, 3: 38)
54| nKgZ Kvgbv I mrKgkxjì mx nIqvi `yAv
;m

b 1 fi
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f
m m i fmmi
G=
A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! AvgvK cv `vb Ki Ges AvgvK
mrKgkxjì Afy Ki| (m~iv Avk-Aviv, 26: 83)
55| Avjvn ZvAvjv nhiZ Ave~ eKi (iv.) Gi `yAvwU cQ` Ki
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A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! Zzwg AvgvK mvg_ `vI hvZ Avwg
Zvgvi cwZ KZZv cKvk KiZ cvwi, Avgvi cwZ I Avgvi wcZvgvZvi cwZ Zzwg h AbyMn KiQ, Zvi Rb Ges hvZ Avwg mrKvh
KiZ cvwi hv Zzwg cQ` Ki; Avgvi Rb Avgvi mvb-mwZìK
mrKgcivqY Ki, Avwg ZvgviB AwfgyLx njvg Ges Avwg AekB
AvZmgcYKvixì Afy| (m~iv AvnKvd, 46 :15)
56| gv I `qv Kvgbvi `yAv
;mif
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i Ji
f m i G =
f
A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! gv Ki I `qv Ki, ZzwgB Zv mek
`qvjy| (m~iv gywgb~b, 23: 118)
wnmby` `yAv 59
57| hvwjgi wbRvZb _K gywi `yAv
;mifmi
f i f

.fmi
m i G=
A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! AvgvK hvwjg (AZvPvix) mc`vq _K
iv Ki| (m~iv Avj-Kvmvm, 28: 21)
58| wbRi I fvBqi Rb gv I ingZ Kvgbvi `yAv
;mif
1 f m i G=
a fmmi

i fi=

fi fmmi=
A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! AvgvK I Avgvi fvBK gv Ki Ges
AvgvìK Zvgvi ingZi Afy Ki| ZzwgB Zv mevwaK
KiYvgq| (m~iv Avivd, 7: 151)
59| gv cv_bv Ki `yAv
Jmmi
fmi=
m i fmmi
fif
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A_ t Avgiv bwQ Ges AbymiY KiwQ| Avgiv Zvgvi gv PvB, n
Avgvì cwZcvjK! ZvgviB w`K cZveZb KiZ ne| (m~iv evKviv,
2: 285)
60| gv cv_bv I Kvdiì wei mvnvh Kvgbvi `yAv

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m i fmifi
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fif i fi i
A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! gvPb Ki `vI Avgvì cvc Ges hv
wKQz evovevwo nq MQ Avgvì KvR| Avi AvgvìK `p ivL
Ges Kvdiì wei Avgvì mvnvh Ki| (m~iv Avj Bgivb, 3: 147)
61| fyj hvIqv vb cybivq iY Avmvi `yAv
fmmm
fmqmm$
m i
fi fmi
fm$
i fi
i f mmmi
f
fifm
A_ t Zzwg cwe! Avgiv Kvb wKQzB Rvwb bv, Ze Zzwg hv AvgvìK
wkwLqQ (mwj eZxZ)| wbq ZzwgB cKZ vbmb, nKgZIqvjv|
(m~iv evKviv, 2: 32)
wnmby` `yAv 60
62| Avb jvMj covi `yAv
ejZ _vKe Ges wbfvbvi
dvq`v t Kvb vb Avb jvMj

Pv Kie (wnmb nvmxb, c. 282) Ges wbgewYZ `yAvwU wZbevi
co GK gyw ayjvq duyK w`q mw`K wbc Kie|
fmif

b i fi
i f3$ fibfi f
=fi
fi fmmi
A_ t Avwg ejjvg, n AwM! Zzwg Beivnxgi Dci kxZj I wbivc`

nq hvI| (m~iv Avw^qv, 21: 69)
63| KjvYKi ey Pq `yAv

J
3
i fmmm i f i3 fmmi
b m i J
b i B fmi fmm i fi f
A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK vb `vb Ki; hvK vb `vb Kiv nq, m
KjvYKi ey cv nq| (m~iv evKviv, 2: 269 bs AvqvZ _K msMwnZ; Av`
`yAv, c. 15, `yAv bs 50)
64| gReyZ evK cv_bv Kiv

(f
8fmifi
i 3 a
i a fifmi
f
fm
fmifi
(fmm
q mi
3mi
A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK gReyZ evK viv gReyZ Ki cvw_e Rxeb
Ges ciKvj| (m~iv Beivnxg, 14: 27 bs AvqvZ _K msMwnZ; Av` `yAv,
c. 15, `yAv bs 51)

wnmby` `yAv 61
Aavq t 3
mKvj-mv,
cZK bvgvhi ci
wnmby` `yAv 62
3q Aavq
mKvj-mv, cZK bvgvhi ci

mKvj-mvq covi `yAvmg~n

1| Rvnvbvg _K gywi `yAv (7 evi)
dvq`v t nvwiQ web gymwjg _K ewYZ| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn
Iqv mvjvg ejQb t h ew dRi I gvMwiei bvgvhi ci KviI
mv_ K_vevZv ejvi AvM G `yAv mvZ evi coe| m ew hw` H
ivZ ev w`b gviv hvq AekB Rvnvbvg _K bvRvZ cve|
=fmi
i fmmi
3
f i f
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg AvgvK Rvnvbvgi Avb _K euvPvI| (mybvb
Ave~ `vD`, L. 2, c. 741, nv`xm bs 5079)
2| AvKwK evjv-gymxeZ _K wndvhZi `yAv (3 evi)

dvq`v t nhiZ Dmgvb (iv.) _K ewYZ| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn
Iqv mvjvg ejQb t h ew cZK mKvj-mvq wZb wZb evi
Ki G `yAv coe, ZvK Kvb wKQzB wZ KiZ cvie bv|
K f i f mi
f mmmi
x=
fmi
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fmmmi

A_ t Avjvni bvg Avi Kijvg, huvi bvgi Y Kvb wKQz Avmgvb
wKsev hgxb KviI wZ KiZ cvi bv| wZwb mekvZv I me|
(mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 2, c. 744, nv`xm bs 5088, Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 465,
nv`xm bs 3388)
3| RvbvZ jvfi `yAv (3 evi)

dvq`v t nhiZ mvIevb (iv.) _K ewYZ| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv
AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb t h ew mKvj-mvq wZb wZb evi
wnmby` `yAv 63
Ki G `yAv coe, Avjvn ZvAvjvi Dci AeavwiZ ne wKqvgZi
w`b ZvK (RvbvZ `vbi gvag) Lykx Kiv|
fmsi
fi=
fmi=
b . fi fi
b 0fi
mi

b fmm
fmi
A_ t Avwg AvjvnK ie wnmve, BmjvgK xb ic Ges gynvv`
mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvgK bexic mywP gb wbqwQ|
(Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 465, nv`xm bs 3389)
4| mKj cikvbx _K gywi `yAv (7 evi)

dvq`v t nhiZ Ave~ `vi`v (iv.) _K ewYZ| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv
AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb t h ew mKvj-mvq mvZ evi G
`yAv coe, Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvi `ywbqv I AvwLivZi mKj
cikvbxi Rb h_ nq hve| (ij gvAvbx, L. 11, c. 53, mybvb Ave~
`vD`, L. 2, c. 742, nv`xm bs 5081)
fmmmi
m$ fi
3 i 0
mi
fm
f
G=
f

fi
mi
fm\fi
f]
A_ t Avgvi Rb AvjvnB h_| wZwb Qvov Avi Kvb gve~` bB|
Avwg ZuviB Dci fimv Kwi Ges wZwbB gnvb Aviki AwacwZ| (m~iv
ZvIev, 9: 129)
5| m~iv gywgbi ii AvqvZ I AvqvZzj Kzimxi dhxjZ

dvq`v t nhiZ Ave~ ivqiv (iv.) _K ewYZ| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv
AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb t h ew mKvj-mvq m~iv gywgbi
ii AvqvZ I AvqvZzj Kzimx coe m mKvj _K mv I mv
_K mKvj ch wec`vc` _K wbivc` _vKe| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c.
157, nv`xm bs 2879)
m~iv gywgbi ii AvqvZ mg~n

fifi
Gfmi
f i Gfm"
fi3
f if mi
0
f ifi
i f ii
f i f fmmmi
Jmmi
fi
3 i 8fmi
_9

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A_ t nv-gxg| GB wKZve AeZxY nqQ civgkvjx I me

Avjvni wbKU _K| whwb cvc gvKvix, ZvIev KeyjKvix, KVvi
wnmby` `yAv 64
kvw `vbKvix Ges kwkvjx| wZwb eZxZ Kvb Dcvm bB|
cZveZb ZuviB w`K| (m~iv gywgb, 40: 1-3)
AvqvZzj Kzimx

+ fifi
a fi
3 i 0
E m.fmmi
3 a fi fEi m.fi
^fmmi
+ fmi
f

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f]
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mfm

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A_ t Avjvn Qvov Ab Kvb gve~` bB, wZwb RxweZ, mewKQyi
aviK| ZuvK Z`vI k KiZ cvi bv Ges wb`vI bv| Avmgvb I
hgxb hv wKQy iqQ, meB Zuvi| K AvQ Ggb, h mycvwik Kie
Zuvi KvQ Zuvi AbygwZ Qvov? `wi mvgb Ges wcQb hv wKQy iqQ
meB wZwb Rvbb| Zuvi vbmxgv _K Zviv Kvb wKQyKB cwiewZ
KiZ cvi bv; wKy hZUzKz wZwb BQv Kib| Zuvi wmsnvmb mg
Avmgvb I hgxbK cwieb Ki AvQ| Avi mjvK aviY Kiv
Zuvi c KwVb bq| wZwbB mevP Ges mevcv gnvb| (m~iv evKviv,
2: 255)
6| m~iv nvkii kl wZb AvqvZi dhxjZ

dvq`v t nhiZ gvKvj Beb Bqvmvi (iv.) _K ewYZ| ivm~jyjvn
mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb t h ew mKvj wZbevi
fmif
9fi
covi ci m~iv nvkii kl wZb
0fi
i fmmmi
f mmmi
f i fmmmi
AvqvZ GKevi wZjvIqvZ Kie Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvi Rb 70 nvRvi
dikZv wbhy Kieb, hviv mv ch Zvi Rb ingZi `yAv
KiZ _vKe| Avi hw` H w`b m ew gviv hvq Ze Zvi knx`x
gZz ne| Avi h ew mvq G Avgj Kie mI Abyic mvbi
AwaKvix ne| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 182, nv`xm bs 2922)
wnmby` `yAv 65
fmif
9fi

0fi
i fmmmi
f mmmi
f i fmmmi
fi
fmmi
3 f i fi
fi
0
fif$
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fi
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=fmm
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f ifm i 0
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m mi
=fmi
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^fmmi
mf3 mm

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3 a fi fi
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i & fmi

x=
A_ t wZwbB Avjvn, whwb eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB| wZwb mKj `kA`k mK AeMZ| wZwb cig `qvgq Amxg `qvjy| [22] wZwbB
Avjvn, whwb eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB| wZwbB GKgv gvwjK, cwe,
kvw I wbivcv`vZv, iK, civgkvjx, cej I gwngvw^Z
(AnsKvii AwaKvix)| Zviv hvK Askx`vi Ki Avjvn ZvAvjv Zv
_K cwe| wZwbB Avjvn, mRbKZv, DveK, ic`vZv Avi Dg
bvgmg~n ZvuiB| bfvgj I f~gj hv wKQy AvQ, meB Zuvi cweZv
NvlYv Ki| wZwbB civgkvjx I cvgq| (m~iv nvki, 59: 22-24)
7| m~iv evKvivi kl `yB AvqvZi dhxjZ
dvq`v t nhiZ Ave~ gvmD` Avbmvix (iv.) _K ewYZ| ivm~jyjvn
mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb t h ew ivZ m~iv evKvivi G
`ywU AvqvZ cvV Kie, Zvnj GUv Zvnvy` bvgvhi vjvwfwl nq
hve| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 159, nv`xm bs 2881)
K fmmm
K 3 mi
K f i fmi
fmqi
fi 3 f+ \ mfmifmi
8f
i fmi
i fi 3
0fi
fi=
8fif
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fmi
m i mfmi=
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m i fmmi
fif
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mfmi=
fi fmm
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mfmmqi
m$ f m mi
mfifmi
fififi

fbi fm)
wnmby` `yAv 66
fi fm mmm
K fmi
f m i mfmi
fmi=
fi
mfi
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mfmmmi
f i f i fi
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i
f $ fmmmi
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mi
mfmi

f $ fif
mfmmi=
if i fi i .fmi
fi fi fi fi
A_ t ivm~j, Zuvi cwZ Zuvi cwZcvjKi c _K hv AeZxY nqQ
Zvi Dci Cgvb GbQb Ges gywgbMYI| Zviv mKj Avjvn, Zvi
wdwikZvMY, Zvi wKZvemg~n Ges Zvi ivm~jMY Cgvb GbQ|
Zviv ej, Avgiv Zvi ivm~jMYi ga Kvb ZviZg Kwi bv, Avi
Zviv ej, Avgiv bwQ Ges cvjb KiwQ! n Avgvì cwZcvjK!
Avgvi Zvgvi gv PvB Avi cZveZb ZvgviB wbKU| [285] Avjvn
KviI Dci Ggb Kvb K`vqK `vwqZ AcY Kib bv hv Zvi
mvavZxZ| m ZvB cvq hv m DcvRb Ki Ges ZvB Zvi Dci eZvq
hv m Ki| n Avgvì cwZcvjK hw` Avgiv fyj hvB wKsev fyj
Kwi, Ze Zzwg AvgvìK cvKovI Ki bv| n Avgvì cwZcvjK!
Avgvì Dci Ggb `vwqZ AcY Ki bv, hgb Avgvì c~eeZxì
Dci AcY KiwQj| n Avgvì cwZcvjK! Avgvì Dci Ggb
fvi AcY Kiv bv, hv enb Kivi kw Avgvì bB| Avgvì cvc
gvPb Ki, AvgvìK gv Ki Ges Avgvì cwZ `qv Ki| ZzwgB
Avgvì AwffveK, myZivs Kvdi mc`vqi wei AvgvìK
mvnvh Ki| [286] (m~iv evKviv, 2: 285-286)
8| Kvwjgvq ZvInx` (10 evi)
f+i f i &L*
E f if i f
E i
f3 i
0
f \ f3$ fi fmmi fi fmmi fi fi
A_ t Avjvn eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB, wZwb GKK Zuvi Kvb kixK
bB| mg ivRZ Zuvi Rb Ges Zuvi RbB mg cksmv Ges wZwb
mekwgvb|
dvq`v-1 t h ew mKvj-mvq `k evi G Kvwjgv coe Zvi Rb
`kwU bKx jLv ne, Zvi Avgjbvgv _K `kwU bvn gyQ djv
ne, m `kwU Mvjvg Avhv` Kivi mvIqve cve Ges m mviv w`b-
wnmby` `yAv 67
ivZ kqZvb _K wbivc` _vKe| (Zeivbx, L. 4, c. 128, nv`xm
bs 3884)
dvq`v-2 t Ab GKwU nv`xm G `yAvwU cZK dih bvgvhi ci `k

evi covi mvIqve GKwU Mvjvg Avhv` Kivi mgvb ejv nqQ|
(Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 2, c. 205, nv`xm bs 3465)
dvq`v-3 t Ab GKwU nv`xm AvQ, h ew G evKwU `k evi coe

m H ewi bvq ne h BmgvCj Av. Gi mvbi ga _K (A_vr
Aviex) Pvi Rb Mvjvg Avhv` KiQ| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 4, c. 2071,
nv`xm bs 2693)
9| mKj gvLj~Ki Awb _K wndvhZi `yAv (3 evi)

dvq`v t h ew mKvj-mvq wZbevi G `yAv cvV Kie m mvcweQzmn mKj gvLj~Ki Awb _K iv cve| (wnmb nvmxb, c.
69) ewki fvM nv`xm ay mvq wZbevi covi K_v DjL iqQ|
f mi fi f i f i ^fifmi
^fmmi

0
i 9fi
A_ t Avjvn ZvAvjvi mKj m eyi Awb _K Avwg Zuvi Kvwjgv
mg~ni Avkq MnY KiwQ| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 4, c. 2081, nv`xm bs
2709)
10| AvwdqvZi `yAv (3 evi)

f
i f3 i _
f m i a f
i f$ fmmi
i f$ fmmi
3 fi a f
i f$ fmmi
3 f
3
m i a f
A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK Kzkj ivL Avgvi kixiMZfve; n Avjvn!
AvgvK Kzkj ivL Avgvi keY Bw`q; n Avjvn! AvgvK Kzkj ivL
Avgvi `wkwZ| Zzwg eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L.
2, c. 745, nv`xm bs 5090)
11| gvLj~Ki Awb _K wndvhZi Avgj (3 evi)

dvq`v t h ew mKvj-mvq wZb Kzj A_vr m~iv BLjvm, m~iv
dvjvK Ges m~iv bvm wZb evi coe m mg gvLj~Li Awb _K
wndvhZ _vKe| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 567, nv`xm bs 3575)
wnmby` `yAv 68
12| mvBwq`yj BwMdvi ev k ZvIev
dvq`v t h ew wekvmi mv_ G ZvIev w`b coe m hw` H w`b
mv nIqvi c~e gviv hvq Zvnj m RvbvZ hve| Avi h ew
wekvmi mv_ ivZ coe m hw` mKvj nIqvi c~e gviv hvq Zvnj
m RvbvZ cek Kie| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 8, c. 67, nv`xm bs 6306, Rvg
wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 467, nv`xm bs 3393)
fmi
f3 $ fi fmi
fi f
fi f$
fi
f3 i =
fmmi
q m mi fi
3
& fi
f$ fmmmmi
fmmi
fi
& fi
i f
fi f i f i fi9f
mmmi
m ifi f

ifi
1f

fi
fi
E fi
Gfifi
f m mi
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg Avgvi ie| Zzwg eZxZ Kvb gvey` bB| Zzwg
AvgvK mw KiQ| Avwg Zvgvi ev`v| Avwg Avgvi mvavbyhvqx
Zvgvi mv_ KZ Iqv`v I AxKvii Dci Kvqg AvwQ| Avwg h
bvn KiwQ Zvi Awb _K Zvgvi Avkq cv_bv KiwQ| Avgvi Dci
Zvgvi `vbKZ wbqvgZmg~n Avwg ^xKvi KiwQ Ges wbRi cvcmg~nI
^xKvi KiwQ| myZivs Zzwg AvgvK gv Ki| Kbbv Zzwg eZxZ
Aciva gvKvix Avi KD bB|
13| mKj mgmv mgvavbi `yAv
dvq`v t wecì mgq G `yAvwU mR`vi ga cov LyeB KvhKix|
ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg eìi hyi mgq mR`vi
ga G `yAvwU cowQjb| (wnmb nvmxb, c. 81)

i f
13 f
;$
fm\
fmmif
i .fmifi
E fi
1 f mi mfmmmi
fi

m ii
L fif
mi
A_ t n wPixe! n mewKQzi aviK! Avwg Zvgvi ingZi gvag

Zvgvi KvQ dwiqv` KiwQ| [Rvg wZiwghx: 3524] Zzwg Avgvi mKj
nvj-Aev mskvab Ki `vI Ges AvgvK AwZ mvgvb mgqi RbI
cewi KvQ b Kiv bv| [mybvb Ave~ `vD`: 5090] (Bebym mybx,
c. 25)
wnmby` `yAv 69
14| Ai I kqZvbi Awb _K wndvhZi `yAv
dvq`v t wbgv `yAvwU ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg nhiZ
Ave~ eKi wmxK (iv.) K mKvj-mv I Nygvbvi mgq coZ
ejQb|
fmi fE mm mi &L*
f
3 fi fi ( f
mmi
f \ G = x = ^fmmi
mmi f if$ fmmi
3
fKi fi f
f i f
i f3 i
mmmi
m i f i fi f i 9fi f
A_ t n Avjvn! n A`k I `ki vZv| Avmgvb I hgxbi mv,
cZK wRwbmi cwZcvjK I gvwjK! Avwg mv w`wQ h, Zzwg
eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB, Avwg Zvgvi Avkq PvB Avgvi gbi Awb,
kqZvbi Awb Ges Zvi wkiK _K| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 467,
nv`xm bs 3392)
15| `yNUbv _K wndvhZi wekl `yAv

dvq`v t GK ew nhiZ Ave~ `vi`v (iv.) Gi wbKU Gm ejj,
Avcbvi evwo Rj MQ| wZwb ejjb t Rjwb| Aci GK ew
Gm ZvK ejj, Avb jMwQj wKy Avcbvi evwo ch cuQv gv
wbf Mj| wZwb ejjb t Avwg RvbZvg Avjvn ZvAvjv Ggb Kieb
bv| Kbbv Avwg ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi _K
bwQ h ew wbgv `yAv mKvj coe mv ch m Kvb
`yNUbvq cwZZ ne bv Ges h ew mvq coe mKvj ch m
Kvb `yNUbvq cwZZ ne bv| Avi Avwg mKvj G `yAvwU cowQjvg|
0
i f
m \fi fm m$ f
i f3 i = f
i fmmi
&fi fi f if " i fm i G = f
3
f3$ 0
8fi fm i fi fmi fi fi f
i (f i
\
f m$ m f mm mi f
m i 0f
fmmi
f
f+i f i &L*
f i i fi fi 0
f \
3 mfmbm $ &L*
m i f i fi f i 9fi
fLmm mmi
L fi f3$ = fmm )if
m i f+i 3 f
i fLi f \ f i fi
wnmby` `yAv 70
16| xb I `ywbqvi wbivcvi `yAv
fmmi

i f
fmmi
i a fmi fmi
3
f mmi
i ifmi f
1f
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU gv I wbivcv PvB Avgvi xb I
`ywbqvi Ges cwievi-cwiRb I gvji Rb| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 2, c.
749, nv`xm bs 4957)
17| w`b-ivZi gj MnY I Agj _K wbivcì `yAv

dvq`v t h ew G Kvwjgvwj mKvj coe mw`b ZvK H w`bi
gj c`vb Kiv ne, m H w`bi Agj _K wbivc` _vKe; Ges
h iv coe ZvK H ivZi gj c`vb Kiv ne, H ivZi Agj
_K wbivc` _vKe|

f+ i fi
8fi
(fi
L f \ f3 $ 0

0
m0fi
&*
fmi

& fifi
A_ t (ZvB nqQ) hv Avjvn PqQb| Avjvn eZxZ Avi KviI
Kvb gZv bB| wbq Avjvn ZvAvjv mKj welqi Dci
gZvkxj| (Bebym mybx , c. 28, nv`xm bs 53)
18| AvKwK KjvY Kvgbv I AvKwK Agj _K cvbvn PvIqv
dvq`v t h ew mKvj-mv G `yAv coe m AvKwK wec`vc`
_K wbivc` _vKe| (Bebym mybx , c. 22, nv`xm bs 39)
fmmi

f m i (&
Jm
fm i f i fi9fi
fm i f i f mmi
i (&
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Avcbvi wbKU AvKwK KjvY PvB Ges
AvKwK Agj _K cvbvn PvB|
19| w`b-ivZi bvn gvPbi `yAv
dvq`v t H ew gymjgvb bq h mKvj nIqvi ci hZY ch G
`yAv bv coe| hLb Kvb ew mKvj G `yAv co Avjvn ZvAvjv
weKvj ch Zvi bvn gvd Ki `b Ges h weKvj G `yAv co
Avjvn ZvAvjv mKvj ch Zvi bvn gvd Ki `b|
0
3 fmmi
mF
f3 i fmi fmb)i fK i f i 0
=
wnmby` `yAv 71
A_ t mKj cksmv Avjvni Rb wbew`Z| AvjvnB Avgvi cwZcvjK,
Avwg Zuvi mv_ KvDK kixK Kwi bv| Avwg mv w`wQ h, wbq
Avjvn eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB| (Bebym mybx , c. 31, nv`xm bs 59)
è t h mKj `yAv cZK bvgvhi ci coZ nq, mjv AekB
mKvj-mvqI coZ ne| cZK bvgvhi cii `yAvi Rb 75bs
cv è|

ay mKvj covi `yAvmg~n
1| Bjg, wiwhK I gvKeyj Avgji Rb `yAv
dvq`v t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg dRii bvgvhi ci
G `yAv coZb|
fmmi
b fmifi

fmmm
b i fmi
b fm)i
b fi=
b fmm$
b f mmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi KvQ DcKvix Bjg, cwe wiwhK Ges
MnYhvM Avgj cv_bv KiwQ| (mybvb Beb gvRvn, L. 2, c. 85, nv`xm bs
925)
2| mviv w`b mvIqve jvfi `yAv

dvq`v t h ew dRii bvgvhi ci G Zvmexn wZbevi cvV Kie
m mg w`b Zvmexn cvVi mvIqve cve|
mfKi fi fi 0
f
f
f
mm i mfKm mi fi= 0
mm i mfKm mi f$ 0
mm i
fK ifm m\
f
fi 0
mm i
A_ t Avwg Avjvni cweZv eYbv Kwi- Zuvi mw msLv cwigvY; Avwg
Avjvni cweZv eYbv Kwi- Zuvi mvl cwigvY; Avwg Avjvni
cweZv eYbv Kwi- Zuvi Aviki Ihb cwigvY; Avwg Avjvni cweZv
eYbv Kwi- Zuvi evKmg~ni msLv cwigvY| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 4, c. 2090,
nv`xm bs 2726)
wnmby` `yAv 72
3| mKvj covi `yAv
fmmi
3 fmm
3 fmmi
fi
i fi
f m i fmmm i
mfi
E fif
E 0
i F
f3 i F
fmmi

fi Ji

i fi
&L*
f i3 Ji
.fmi
f i f mmi
f \ f3 $ fi
3 mf+ ifi
fmm
fmmi
& fi
.f

f mi
K i f i fi9fi
mi
f m"
i f i fi9fi
3 mf mi fi f i f
emi
e"
Gf
i
$ fmifi
fmqi
A_ t Avgiv Ges mgM RMZ Avjvni KiYvq mKvj cek KiwQ|
mKj cksmv Avjvni Rb wbew`Z| Avjvn eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB|
wZwb AwZxq, Zuvi Kvb kixK bB| ZuviB ivRZ Avi ZuviB Rb
mKj cksmv| wZwb mKj wRwbmi wbqK| n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi
wbKU G wèmi KjvY Kvgbv Kwi Ges GZ h AKjvY iqQ Zv
_K Avkq PvB| Avi Avwg Avkq cv_bv Kwi AjmZv, RivMZv,
mvbnvbxKi evaK Ges `ywbqvi dZbv I Keii Avhve _K|
(mnxn gymwjg, L. 4, c. 2088, nv`xm bs 2723)
4| mKvj covi AviKwU `yAv

0
f i fLm mi fm) m i f i f3$ fi f m m\ f3$ . fi ( fm i f3$ fmmm i
;
fi fm) i f mi f3$ fmi f m m$
\ fi fmb mmi fmb m i fmi
i f m m i fi f
A_ t Avgiv mKvj cek KiwQ Bmjvgi wdZivZ mnKvi,
Kvwjgvq ZvInx` mnKvi, Avgvì bex gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn
Iqv mvjvg Gi xbi Dci Ges Avgvì wcZv Beivnxg nvbxdi
wgjvZi Dci, wZwb nK cx I gymjgvb wQjb Ges wZwb gykwiKì
`jfy wQjb bv| (mybvb bvmvqx, L. 6, c. 3, nv`xm bs 9829, gymbv`
Avngv`, L. 3, c. 407, nv`xm bs 15400)
5| mKvj covi msw `yAv
J
fm )mi fi
fm mm i f i fmmi
m i fi
3
m mi f mi ^ fmi f i f
A_ t n Avjvn! Zvgvi KzìZ Avgiv mKvj cek Kwi Ges
Zvgvi KzìZ Avgiv mvq cek Kwi| Zvgvi KzìZ Avgiv
wnmby` `yAv 73
RxweZ _vwK, Zvgvi KzìZ Avgiv gZz eiY Kwi| Avi Zvgvi
KvQB Avgvì cZveZb| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 466, nv`xm bs
3391, mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 2, c. 737, nv`xm bs 5068)
6| mKj wec`vc` _K gywi `yAv
dvq`v t GK ew ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi wbKU

AwfhvM Kij h, m AbK wec`M| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn
Iqv mvjvg ZvK mKvj G `yAv coZ ejjb; Ges ejjb Zvgvi
Kvb wec` _vKe bv| m G `yAv coZ _vKj Ges Zvi mKj wec`
kl nq Mj| (Bebym mybx , c. 28, nv`xm bs 51)
f3 $ 0
fmi

i f
mi
i f
1f
A_ t Avjvni bvgi eiKZ nvK Avgvi bdmi Dci, Avgvi
cwievii Dci Ges Avgvi gvji ga|

ay mvq covi `yAvmg~n
1| mvq covi `yAv
fmmi
3 fmm
3 fmmi
fi
i fi
f i fm)mi

fi
E fif
E 0
i F
f3 i F
fmmi

fi Ji
i3 Ji

i fi
&L*
f mmmi
f i f mmi
f \ f3 $ fi
f
3 mf+ ifi
fmm
fm
.f
fmmi

i f i fi9fi
mi
f m"
i f i fi9fi

3mi mfm mi fi f i fif
emi
e"

Gf$
i & fi
fmifi
fmqi
A_ t Avgiv Ges mgM RMZ Avjvni KiYvq mvq cek KiwQ|
mKj cksmv Avjvni Rb wbew`Z| Avjvn eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB|
wZwb AwZxq, Zuvi Kvb kixK bB| ZuviB ivRZ Avi ZuviB Rb
mKj cksmv| wZwb mKj wRwbmi wbqK| n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi
wbKU G ivwi KjvY Kvgbv Kwi Ges GZ h AKjvY iqQ Zv
_K Avkq PvB| Avi Avwg Avkq cv_bv Kwi AjmZv, RivMZv,
mvbnvbxKi evaK Ges `ywbqvi dZbv I Keii Avhve _K|
wnmby` `yAv 74
2| mvq covi msw `yAv
=fmmi
f
fmmm i f i fm )mi f i fmmi
f mi ^ fmi fi
m i fi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Zvgvi KzìZ Avgiv mvq cek Kwi Ges
Zvgvi KzìZ Avgiv mKvj cek Kwi| Zvgvi KzìZ Avgiv
RxweZ _vwK, Zvgvi KzìZ Avgiv gZz eiY Kwi| Avi gZzi ci
RxweZ nq ZvgviB KvQ Mgb Kie| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 466,
nv`xm bs 3391, mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 2, c. 737, nv`xm bs 5068)
3| w`b-ivZ QzU hvIqv Avgji Kvd&dviv (wZc~iY)

dvq`v t h ew wbgv AvqvZjv mKvj GKevi cvV Kie m
weKvj ch QzU hvIqv Avgji mvIqve cve Ges h ew G
AvqvZjv mvq GKevi cvV Kie m mKvj ch QzU hvIqv
Avgji mvIqve cve| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 2, c. 740, nv`xm bs 5076)
^f
fm3 m mi
fm
mmi
i fi
fmmi
0

;i
3 a fmm
mmi
;i
m i f
m i f
f

mmi
mmi
b x=
;i
i |f
fmmi
mmi
|f
f i f
fmifi
fif
f
3 i
x=
fmi
i f i
i f
m i fif
A_ t myZivs, Zvgiv Avjvni cweZv NvlYv Ki mvq I mKvj,
Ges weKvj I hynii mgq; Avi AvKvkgjx I cw_exZ mKj
cksmv Zv ZuviB| wZwbB gZ _K Rxei Avwefve NUvb Ges
Rxe _K gZi Avwefve NUvb Ges f~wgK cybRxweZ Kib Zvi
gZzi ci| GfveB Zvgiv DwZ ne| (m~iv ig, 30: 17-19)
4| mvq covi AviKwU `yAv
0

f i fLm mi fm) m i f i f3$ fi f m m\ f3$ . fi ( fm i f3$ fm)mi
;
fi fm) i f mi f3$ fmi f m m$
\ fi fmb mmi fmb m i fmi
i f m m i fi f
wnmby` `yAv 75
A_ t Avgiv weKvj cek KiwQ Bmjvgi wdZivZ mnKvi,
Kvwjgvq ZvInx` mnKvi, Avgvì bex gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn
Iqv mvjvg Gi xbi Dci Ges Avgvì wcZv Beivnxg nvbxdi
wgjvZi Dci, wZwb nK cx I gymjgvb wQjb Ges wZwb gykwiKì
`jfy wQjb bv| (gymbv` Avngv`, L. 3, c. 407, nv`xm bs 15400)

cZK dih bvgvhi ci covi `yAvmg~n
1| cZK dih bvgvhi mvjvg wdivbvi ci coe
dih bvgvhi mvjvg wdivbvi ci c_g wZbevi 0
coe|
f m mmi
Zvici G `yAv coe.f
8 fm i 9 fi fi=fmi
. fmi
i
. fmi
fmmi
3
fmi
fi
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg kvw`vZv, kvw Zvgvi c _KB| Zzwg mvb
I ghv`vi gvwjK| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 2, c. 414, nv`xm bs 591)
dvq`v t KD KD dih bvgvhi ci D `yAvi cwieZ wbgv
`yAv co _vKb, Ze GUv gvmb~b `yAv bq| (wgiKvZzj gvmvexn, L. 2,
c. 385)
. fmi
= = fmmi . fmif
i fmi= fm) mi .fmi
fi fi fmi
2| bvgvhi ci Wvb nvZ gv_vq iL covi `yAv
dvq`v t cZK dih bvgvhi ci Wvb nvZ gv_vq iL _ f i fi 11 evi
coe| AZtci wbgv `yAv coe| (wQjvj gywgb, c. 70)
fm i f mi f i f
f m i
f i 0
3 mf mi f i fm3 i f i fi
f3 i _
i 9 fmmi
A_ t Avjvni bvg (i KiwQ) whwb eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB, wZwb
AwZ KiYvgq I `qvjy| n Avjvn! Zzwg Avgvi mKj `ywv I
cikvbx `~i Ki `vI| (gvRgvDh hvIqvwq`, L. 10, c. 144, nv`xm bs
16971)
wnmby` `yAv 76
3| bvgvhi kl covi `yAv
dvq`v t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg bvgvhi kl wbgv
`yAv coZb|
.fi
fmi
Ji
Ji
E f
E i 3 _f
fmmi
fi
Ji
mi
3
fmifi
mi
f
f mi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avgvi Rxebi klvskK myì Ki `vI, Avgvi
kl AvgjK myì Ki `vI Ges Zvgvi mv_ mvvZi w`bK
myì Ki `vI| (Bebym mybx , c. 64, nv`xm bs 121)
4| Kvwjgvq ZvInx`
dvq`v t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg cZK dih bvgvhi
ci G `yAvwU coZb| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 1, c. 169, nv`xm bs 844, mnxn
gymwjg, L. 1, c. 414, nv`xm bs 593)
mfL i fi
fi
i fi
fmmi
fi
E fif
E 0
i fi
+ f \ f3 $ fi
&*
f3 i
fmm

fm
fm

fmmi
fm
fmi
i fmi
i 9 fm mi
mi
fmi
f mi
f ifi fmmi
3
A_ t Avjvn eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB, wZwb GKK Zuvi Kvb kixK
bB| (gnvweki) ivRZ ZuviB, cksmv ZuviB Ges wZwb mekwgvb|
n Avjvn! Zzwg hv w`Z PvI Zv KD iva KiZ cvi bv Avi Zzwg hv
iva KiZ PvI Zv KD w`Z cvi bv Ges Kvb m`kvjxi m`
Zvgvi _K ZvK iv KiZ cvi bv|
5| Zvmexn dvZgx
cZK dih bvgvhi ci 33 evi 0
f
mm i (A_ t Avjvn eo
cwe), 33 evi F
3 fmmi (A_ t mKj cksmv Avjvni Rb) Ges 34
evi e
(A_ t Avjvn mePq eo) coe| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 1, c.
i 0
418, nv`xm bs 596)
è t cqvRb mvc D Zvmexnjv Zwk-Zwk evi bv ej

`k-`k eviI ejv hvq| A_vr 10 evi 0
3 fmmi
f
mm i , 10 evi F
Ges 10 evi e
| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 8, c. 72, nv`xm bs 6329)
i 0
wnmby` `yAv 77
6| Avjvni whKi I kvKii Rb mvnvh PvIqv
dvq`v t nhiZ gyAvh (iv.) K ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv
mvjvg ejQb t n gyqvh! Avwg ZvgvK fvjevwm, Avwg ZvgvK
AwmqvZ KiwQ cZK bvgvhi ci AekB cvV Kie f
mi
i 9 f3 $ f
fifmi
f mi
f
3
i fmmi
A_ t n Avjvn! Zvgvi whKi, Zvgvi kvKi Ges Zvgvi Dg
Bev`Z Kivi Rb AvgvK mvnvh Ki| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c. 475,
nv`xm bs 1522)
7| AvqvZzj Kzimx
dvq`v-1 t h ew cZK dih bvgvhi ci AvqvZzj Kzimx coe
Zvi RvbvZ ceki ga gIZ Qvov Avi Kvb wKQz Aivq _vKe
bv| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 1, c. 882, nv`xm bs 2534)
dvq`v-2 t h ew cZK dih bvgvhi ci AvqvZzj Kzimx coe
m cieZx bvgvh ch Avjvn ZvAvjvi `vwqZ (wndvhZ) _vKe|
(Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 1, c. 893, nv`xm bs 2565) [AvqvZzj Kzimx 64bs cvq
è]
8| m~iv ZvIevi kl `yB AvqvZ

dvq`v t h ew cZK bvgvhi ci wbgv AvqvZq coe
Avjvni ingZ m nvkii w`b ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv
mvjvg Gi kvdvAvZ cve| (Avgvj KziAvbx, c. 7)
fmm
m$ f+ i f i fmm

m$ f+ i f i fmi
fi fm
mi fi 8+ fi=
fi
&fi fmi

fi
m$ fi
+ =
fm
f
f m i fifi

=
mi
;mifmifi
fm\fi
f3 i 0
fi f+ mi
f mmmi
mi
G=
f

A_ t AekB Zvgvì ga _K Zvgvì wbKU GK ivm~j GmQ|
Zuvi c GUv K`vqK, Zvgvì hv K `q| m Zvgvì
gjKvgx, gywgbì cwZ m AwZ `qv` I cig `qvjy| AZtci hw`
Zviv gyL wdwiq bq Zvnj ej- Avgvi Rb AvjvnB h_, wZwb
wnmby` `yAv 78
eZxZ Ab Kvb Bjvn bB| Avwg ZuviB Dci wbfi Kwi Ges wZwb
gnvwmsnvmbi AwacwZ| (m~iv ZvIev, 9: 128-129)
9| m~iv BLjvm (10 evi)
dvq`v-1 t h ew cZK dih bvgvhi ci m~iv BLjvm `k evi
coe Avjvn ZvAvjv AekB ZvK ivwR Kieb Ges ZvK gv
Kieb| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 1, c. 963, nv`xm bs 2732)
dvq`v-2 t h ew cZK dih bvgvhi ci m~iv BLjvm `k evi
coe m RvbvZi h Kvb ìRv w`q RvbvZ cek KiZ cvie|
10| m~iv mvd&dvZ Gi kl wZb AvqvZ (3 evi)

dvq`v t h ew cZK bvgvhi ci m~iv mvd&dvZ Gi kl wZb
AvqvZ wZbevi coe ZvK h_ cwigvY mvIqve c`vb Kiv ne|
(Zeivbx, L. 5, c. 211, nv`xm bs 5124)
;mif
m i G=
fmi
m i
f$ .+fi
f i= fm
(f
mi
f mmi
;m
3 fmm
i
F
3 G=
mmi
A_ t cwe Avcbvi cwZcvjKi mv, wZwb mvwbZ I cwe hv Zviv
eYbv Ki Zv _K| cqMîì cwZ mvjvg ewlZ nvK| mg
cksmv wekcvjK Avjvni Rb| (m~iv mvd&dvZ, 37: 180-182)
11| BwMdvi (3 evi)
f mi Gfi . fm mi f
0
f m m m i
fi
i f i f3 i _
dvq`v-1 t h ew cZK bvgvhi ci G BwMdviwU wZb evi coe
Zvi mg bvn gvd Ki `qv ne, hwÌ m hyi gq`vb _K
cjvqb Ki _vK| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 1, c. 721, nv`xm bs 2066)
dvq`v-2 t h ew cZK bvgvhi ci G BwMdviwU mvZ evi
coe Zvi mg bvn gvd Ki `qv ne Ges m `ywbqv _K we`vq
wbe bv hZY ch m Zvi x n~i I wbR evmvb cvmv` bv `Le|
wnmby` `yAv 79
12| gyAvIwehvZvBb (m~iv dvjvK-m~iv bvm)
dvq`v t DKev web Avwgi _K ewYZ wZwb ejb t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv
AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg AvgvK wb`k w`qQb h, Avwg hb cZK
bvgvhi ci gyAvIwehvZvBb A_vr m~iv dvjvK-m~iv bvm cwo| (mybvb
Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c. 477, nv`xm bs 1523)
13| Kzdix, `vwi` I Avhve Kei _K cvbvn PvIqv

dvq`v t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg cZK bvgvhi ci
G `yAv coZb|
fmmi
i f i f i 9fi
emi
Gf$
f m m i f m"
3

A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU cvbvn PvB Kzdix, `vwi` I
Keii Avhve _K| (gymbv` Avngv`, L. 5, c. 39, nv`xm bs 20425)
14| KvcyilZv I KcYZv BZvw` _K cvbvn PvIqv
fmmi
f m m i 8 9= fi fi 9fi f m m i fi f i 9fi
mi fi f i 9fi
3
e
f mqi fi f i 9fi
mi G
f$ fmifi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU cvbvn PvB KvcyilZv _K, Avwg
Zvgvi wbKU cvbvn PvB KcYZv _K, Avwg Zvgvi wbKU cvbvn PvB
AKgY eqm _K Ges Avwg Zvgvi wbKU cvbvn PvB `ywbqvi dZbv
I Keii kvw _K| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 4, c. 23, nv`xm bs 2822)
15| dih bvgvhi ci AviI wKQz Zvmexn
Gic Zvmexn ZvejxMx RvgvZi eyhMy ì _K gbKj iqQ|
(K) dRi bvgvhi ci (100 evi) - .fmmi
f
i fi

A_ t wZwb (Avjvn ZvAvjv) RxweZ I vqx| (m~iv evKviv, 2: 255)
(L) hvni bvgvhi ci (100 evi) - fmmmi
mi
fi
f

A_ t wZwb (Avjvn ZvAvjv) weivU I gnvb| (m~iv evKviv, 2: 255)

(M) Avmi bvgvhi ci (100 evi) - fmif
3 f i fi
i f mi

A_ t wZwb (Avjvn ZvAvjv) KiYvgq I `qvjy| (m~iv nvki, 59: 22)
wnmby` `yAv 80
(N) gvMwie bvgvhi ci (100 evi) - fmif
fi
i =f

mmi
A_ t wZwb (Avjvn ZvAvjv) gvKvix I `qvkxj| (m~iv BDbym,
10: 107)
(O) Bkv bvgvhi ci (100 evi) - Jmm

f i
i fmmmi
A_ t wZwb (Avjvn ZvAvjv) cwe I AwZ mZK| (m~iv gyjK, 67: 14)

Nygvbvi mgq covi `yAvmg~n
1| weQvbvq q coe
fmmi
fmm
fi f
f

E fi
fmi=
G=
fmifi
mi = fmi f mi
i fmi
mi
K f mm i fmi
fi
;m
mifi
fmm
ifmi

fmi
A_ t n cf!y ZvgviB bvg Avgvi cvk ivLjvg Ges ZvgviB bvg
Zv DVve| hw` Zzwg Avgvi AvZvK iL `vI, Ze ZvK gv Ki
wÌ| Avi hw` ZvK Qo `vI, Ze ZvK iv Ki hviv Zzwg iv
Ki Zvgvi bK ev`vì| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 9, c. 119, nv`xm bs 7393)
2| Nygvbvi mgq covi `yAv
nhiZ hvBdv (iv.) _K ewYZ| hLb ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn
Iqv mvjvg NygvZ hZb, ZLb (Wvb) nvZ gv_vi (Wvb) cvki wbP
iL wbgewYZ `yAv coZb|
fmi
f i fmmi
fmi
^fi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi bvg wbq gwi Ges RxweZ _vwK| (mnxn
eyLvix, L. 8, c. 69, nv`xm bs 6312)
3| AZtci G `yAv coe (3 evi)

f
mmi . fi fi
f$ f
mi f
i G =
A_ t n Avjvn! hw`b Zzwg Zvgvi ev`vìK Kei _K DVve,
mw`b AvgvK Zvgvi Avhve _K iv Kie| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 2,
c. 731, nv`xm bs 5045, Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 471, nv`xm bs 3399)
wnmby` `yAv 81
4| kqbKvj BwMdvi coe (3 evi)
dvq`v t h ew kqbKvj wbgewYZ BwMdvi wZb evi coe Avjvn
ZvAvjv Zvi (mMxiv) bvnmg~n gvd Ki wèb, hwÌ Zv mgyì
dbvi cwigvY nq| A_ev AvwjR DcZKvi evjyi cwigvY nq; wKsev
emg~ni cvZv cwigvY nq wKsev `ywbqvi wèmg~ni cwigvY nq|
f mi Gfi . fm mi f

0
f m m m i
fi
i f i f3 i _
A_ t Avwg Avjvni KvQ gv cv_bv KiwQ, whwb eZxZ Kvb gve~`
bB| wZwb wPixe I mewKQzi aviK| Avi Avwg Zuvi mgxc ZvIev
KiwQ|
5| Zvmexn dvZgx
dvq`v t nhiZ dvZgv (iv.) ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg
Gi wbKU GKRb Lv`gi Ave`b Kij Avcwb ejb t kvqvi mgq
33 evi 0
3 fmmi (A_ t
f
mm i (A_ t Avjvn eo cwe), 33 evi F
mKj cksmv Avjvni Rb) Ges 34 evi e
(A_ t Avjvn mePq
i 0
eo) coe GUv Lv`g Acv AbK Dg| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 4, c.
2092, nv`xm bs 2728)
6| AvqvZzj Kzimx
AvqvZzj Kzimx I Zvi A_ 70 bs cvq è|
7| m~iv evKvi kl `yB AvqvZ
dvq`v t h ew m~iv evKvivi kl `yB AvqvZ ivZi (ev Nygvbvi)
mgq coe GUv Zvi Rb h_ nq hve| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 5, c. 84,
nv`xm bs 4008)
8| m~iv Kvwdib
kvqvi mgq m~iv Kvwdib cov DwPZ| Kbbv GUv wkiK _K
wegyw| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 474, nv`xm bs 3403)
wnmby` `yAv 82
9| m~iv BLjvm, dvjvK I bvm co duyK `qv (3 evi)
ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg NygvZ Mj m~iv BLjvm,
m~iv dvjvK I m~iv bvm coZb| `ybv nvZK GKwZ Ki duyK
w`Zb Ges nvZK mg kixi hZ`~i me eywjq wbZb| Gfve
wZbevi KiZb| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 6, c. 190, nv`xm bs 5017)
10| m~iv mR`v I m~iv gyjK
ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Nygvbvi c~e m~iv mR`v
Ges m~iv gyjK coZb| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 165, nv`xm bs 2892)
11| me nj G QqwU m~ivI coe
me nj ^fmmmi
(gymvwenvZ) Gi QqwU m~iv kvqvi mgq
coe| Kbbv ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg kvqvi mgq G
m~ivwj coZb| m~ivwj nj (1) m~iv nv`x` (2) m~iv nvki (3) m~iv
md (4) m~iv RygAv (5) m~iv ZvMveyb Ges (6) m~iv Avjv| (wnmb
nvmxb, c. 110)
12| Nyg bv Avmj coe

+ fifi
.fmi
.fm
fmmi
fmmi
^fi
+ fmi
+
m i ^=f
fi .fi
+ fi
3
.fmi
f
fi
) $ fi
f mi fi
A_ t n Avjvn! AvKvki ZviKvmg~n A`k nqQ Ges PvLmg~n
wb`vQb nqQ| Avi Zzwg wPixe, mgM mwi aviK| Zvgvi Z`vI
Avm bv, wb`vI Avm bv| n wPixe! n mgM mwi aviK! Zzwg
Avgvi ivZK kvwgq Ki `vI Ges Avgvi PzK wb`v wefvi Ki
`vI| (wnmb nvmxb, c. 115)
13| fvj ^c `L covi `yAv

dvq`v t fvj ^c Avjvni c _K nq, ZvB fvj ^c `Lj coeF
3 fmm
i
A_ t mKj cksmv Avjvn Rb| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 4, c. 125, nv`xm bs
3292)
wnmby` `yAv 83
14| Lvivc ^c `Lj coe
dvq`v t Lvivc ^c kqZvbi c _K nq, ZvB Lvivc ^c `Lj
wbR evg w`K wZb evi dzrKvi wè Ges cvk cwieZb Ki kqb
Kie| Zvnj Lvivc ^c Zvi Kvb wZ KiZ cvie bv| (mnxn
eyLvix, L. 4, c. 125, nv`xm bs 3292)
fif
9fi
i3 f i f i fmif
i f
i fmmmi
f i 0fi

A_ t Avwg Awfk kqZvb _K Avjvni cvbvn PvB Ges GB
`yt^ci Awb _K| (wnmb nvmxb, c. 113)
15| wb`vevq fq cj covi `yAv
fKm mi
;
^f
0
mmi
K mi f i fK ifmi
f mi
m mi i 9 fi
fi fifmi
fi f
^
if

f
i
mm
A_ t Avjvn ZvAvjvi mKj Kvjgvmg~ni Amxjvq Zuvi va _K,
Zuvi kvw _K, Zuvi ev`vì Awb _K, kqZvbi civPbv _K
Ges Avgvi KvQ Zvi DcwwZ _K cvbvn PvB| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L.
2, c. 405, nv`xm bs 3893, Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 541, nv`xm bs 3528)
16| Nyg _K DV covi `yAv

=fmmi
_fi
3 fmm
fmif
i fi fmi
fifmi
i
F
fmi
A_ t mKj cksmv Avjvn ZvAvjvi Rb, whwb gZz (wb`v) Gi ci
Avgvì Avevi RxweZ (RvMZ) KiQb Ges Zvi KvQB Avgvì
wdi hZ ne| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 8, c. 69, nv`xm bs 6312, mnxn gymwjg, L.
4, c. 2083, nv`xm bs 2711)
17| AZtci G `yAv coe

=fm mi fif m i fmmm)i fi x = ^fmmi
fi 0
3 G = =fm mi fi
f3 i
A_ t Avjvn eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB| wZwb AwZxq, gnv kvw`vZv|
wZwb Avmgvb I hgxb Ges Dfqi gaeZx eyi cwZcvjK| wZwb gnv
kwkvjx I eo gvkxj| (mybvb bvmvqx, L. 4, c. 400, nv`xm bs 7688)
wnmby` `yAv 84
18| iv DVj G `yAv coe
dvq`v t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg iv (Zvnvyì
Rb) Nyg _K DV G `yAv coZb|
f
i f3 i
if i fm m m i fmmi
3 mfmmi= f mmi
3 mfifmm i f
fmmi
Gf
fmbm $
i fi fbmi= fifi fi 1 f
mi ff i
q ifi 9 fmi f
i fi f
i f
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB, Avwg Zvgvi cweZv
eYbv Kwi| Avwg Zvgvi wbKU gv PvB Avgvi bvni Rb Ges
Zvgvi wbKU Zvgvi ingZ cv_bv Kwi| n Avjvn! Avgvi vb ew
Ki `vI, mwVK c_ c`kbi ci Avgvi AiK c_ Ki bv Ges
AvgvK Zvgvi c _K ingZ `vb Ki| wbq Zzwg eo `vZv|
(mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 2, c. 735, nv`xm bs 5061)

wnmby` `yAv 85
Aavq t 4
Avhvb I bvgvh
mKxq `yAv mg~n
wnmby` `yAv 86
4_ Aavq
Avhvb I bvgvh mKxq `yAvmg~n

gmwR` cek nIqvi mgq covi `yAv
dvq`v t wbgv `yAvwU coj gmwR` cek nIqvi cuvPwU mybvZi
ga _K wZbwU (wemwgjvn cov, `yi` I `yAv cov) Av`vq nq
hve|
fmmi=
8 fi= f3$ .fmi
f m i
Gfi
0
3 m0
1 fm i fmmi
(fmi
A_ t Avwg Avjvni bvg cek Kijvg| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn
Iqv mvjvg Gi Dci `yi` I mvjvg ewlZ nvK| n Avjvn! Avgvi
Rb Zvgvi ingZi ìRv Lyj `vI| (mybvb Beb gvRvn, L. 1, c.
493, nv`xm bs 771, mnxn gymwjg, L. 1, c. 494, nv`xm bs 713)
gmwR` cek nIqvi ci covi `yAv

;
f
mi f3$ fm) m$ .fmi
m ifmi
0

A_ t kvw ewlZ nvK Avgvì Dci Ges Avjvni bK ev`vì

Dci| (gymvbvd Avewì ivh&hvK, L. 1, c. 426, nv`xm bs 1667)
gmwR` _vKv Aevq ewk ewk coe

ei
3 fmm
fm
i 0
mi
0
f3 i F

0
A_ t Avjvn cwe| mKj cmskv Avjvni Rb| Avjvn eZxZ Kvb
gve~` bB| Avjvn mePq gnvb| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 532, nv`xm bs
3509)
gmwR` _K ei nIqvi `yAv

dvq`v t wbgv `yAvwU coj gmwR` _K ei nIqvi cuvPwU
mybvZi ga _K wZbwU (wemwgjvn cov, `yi` I `yAv cov) Av`vq
nq hve|
fmmi

fmmi
8fi=
fm
f i f mmi
f3 $ . fmi
i
0
3 m0
( fmi
wnmby` `yAv 87
A_ t Avwg Avjvni bvg ei njvg| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv
mvjvg Gi Dci `yi` I mvjvg ewlZ nvK| n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi
KvQ Zvgvi AbyMn cv_bv KiwQ| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 1, c. 494, nv`xm bs
713, mybvb Beb gvRvn, L. 1, c. 493, nv`xm bs 771)
Ah~i iZ coe
f mif
f mi
3 f i 0
i f mi

A_ t Avwg Avjvni bvg i KiwQ whwb cig KiYvgq, AwZ `qvjy|
(wnmb nvmxb, c. 120)
Ah~i gvS G `yAv coe
= a 1 fi f
i9 1 fm i fmmi
3
i _
= a 1 =f
A_ t n Avjvn! Avgvi bvn gvd Ki `vI| Avgvi Ni ^QjZv `vb
Ki Ges Avgvi wiwhK eiKZ `vb Ki| (mybvb bvmvqx, L. 6, c. 24, nv`xm bs
9908)
Ah~i kl Kvwjgvq kvnv`vZ coe

fEifi= Efmi fbm mi fmi fEi fif i Efi 0
f3 i fmi
A_ t Avwg mv w`wQ h, Avjvn Qvov Kvb gve~` bB| wZwb GK,
AwZxq, Zvi Kvb kixK bB| Avwg AviI mv w`wQ h, gynvv`
mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Zuvi ev`v I ivm~j| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 1,
c. 78, nv`xm bs 55)
AZtci G `yAv coe

dvq`v t h ew myìfve Ah~ Kie Ges Ah~i kl c_g
Kvwjgvq kvnv`vZ AZtci wbgewYZ `yAvwU coe Zvi Rb RvbvZi
AvUwU ìRv Lyj `qv ne m h ìRv w`q Lywk RvbvZ cek
KiZ cvie| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 1, c. 78, nv`xm bs 55)
fif mmmmi
f i f
f i f
mmi ;ifmi
mmi fmmi
3
wnmby` `yAv 88
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg AvgvK AwaK ZvIevKvixì ga Af~
Ki| Ges hviv me`v cwe _vK Zvì Af~ Ki| (Rvg wZiwghx,
L. 1, c. 78, nv`xm bs 55)
Ah~i ga wewfb A-cZ avqvi mgq covi `yAv

dvq`v t G welq ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi _K
Kvb wKQz ewYZ nqwb| dzKvnvq Kivg Ah~i ga wewfb A-cZ
avqvi mgq `yAv covK gyvnve ejQb| wbgv `yAvmg~n wKQz
ZviZgi mv_ gvkvqLì _K ewYZ iqQ| (Avj-AvhKvi wjbbeex, L. 1, c. 36)
wemwgjvni ci covi `yAv
=bfmi &fmi fm i _

3 fmmi
f i F
A_ t mg cksmv Avjvni Rb, whwb cvwbK cwiviK KiQb|
Kzwj Kivi mgq coe
fbi E fmi fmi fib f\ fm s i xf
i fi f
m i fmmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK Zvgvi bexi nvDm KvDmvi _K GK Mvm
cvb KivI hvZ Avwg Avi KLbv ZvZ bv nB|
bvK cvwb `qvi mgq coe
fif
m i fm
mm i fm i= f
i f m i fmmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK Zvgvi bqvgZ I RvbvZi myNvY _K
ewZ Ki bv|
Pnviv avqvi mgq eje
+fi fmi + fi f
m s i .fi f
m i fmmi
3
i f
A_ t n Avjvn! Avgvi Pnviv Dj Ki hw`b KZKjv Pnviv
Dj ne Avi KZKjv Pnviv ne Kvj|
wnmby` `yAv 89
`yB nvZ avqvi mgq eje
mm i f mi f
mm i fmmi
3 mf
) m m i f mi f
mi fmmi
3
1f
A_ t n Avjvn! Avgvi Avgjbvgv Avgvi Wvb nvZ `vI| n Avjvn!
Avgvi Avgjbvgv Avgvi evg nvZ wÌ bv|
gv_v gvmvn Kivi mgq eje

fm
f$ _
i f i .fi fi
fi f
mi f
f m i _
f m i .f i fmmi
mi =f
3
mi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avgvi Pzj I ZKK Avbi Rb nvivg Ki `vI
Ges AvgvK Zvgvi Aviki wbP QvqvQb Ki hw`b Zvgvi Avkq
Qvov Avi Kvb Qvqv _vKe bv|
`yB Kvb gvmvn Kivi mgq eje
fEmmi fmmq
mi 8fmi fmm mmi fi f i fi f
mm i fmmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK Zvì Afy Ki hviv gbvhvM mnKvi
b Ges fvj K_vi AbymiY Ki|
`yB cv avqvi mgq eje
fmmmmmi
fmi
f$ fi fm i fmmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avgvi `ycvK mnR-mwVK c_ `p ivL|
dRii bvgvhi Rb ei nq covi `yAv
_
m i a =bfi f
f m i a fm i =bfi f
mi a fm i fmmi
3
m i a fm i =bfi f
=bfi f
i fi =bfi f
mi fi fm i =bfi
m i fi =bfi fi fi fm i =bfi f
=bfi f
3
m i fmmi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avcwb Avgvi Ai b~i `vb Kib| Avgvi wRnvq
b~i `vb Kib| Avgvi keY kwZ b~i `vb Kib| Avgvi `wkwZ
b~i `vb Kib| Avgvi wcQb b~i `vb Kib| Avgvi mvgb b~i `vb
wnmby` `yAv 90
Kib| Avgvi Dci b~i `vb Kib| Avgvi bxP b~i `vb Kib| n
Avjvn! AvgvK b~i `vb Kib| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 1, c. 525, nv`xm bs
763)
m~hv`qi ci G `yAv coe
3 fmi
fm ifif i fm" mm i fi fi
fmmi
fi fmifi _
f i 0
A_ t mg cksmv H Avjvni whwb AvRKi w`b AvgvìK gv
Ki w`qQb Ges bvni KviY AvgvìK asm Kibwb| (mnxn
Beb wnevb, L. 6, c. 341, nv`xm bs 2607)
gvMwiei Avhvbi mgq covi `yAv

3 fmmi
mi fi
fi =f
3
mi =fi f mmi 8f
1 fm i fi f if$ ^
A_ t n Avjvn! GUv Zvgvi ivZi AvMgb I w`bi Mgb Ges
Zvgvi cwZ AvnvbKvix (gyqvh&whbì) awbi (Avhvbi) mgq|
myZivs Zzwg AvgvK gv Ki `vI| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c. 201, nv`xm bs
530)
Avhvbi RIqve
hLb Avhvb be, gyqvh&whb h evK eje, kvZvI m evK
cybivew Kie| Ze ( fmi
f $
Ges 5 fm i f $
Gi Di kvZv

0fi
8fi
(fi
eje| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, nv`xm bs 527)
Avi dRii Avhvbi gyqvhwhb hLb .fmi
f i Ji
+ ( fm i eje
ZLb Di ^=f
i fifi
eje| (gvivwKDj dvjvn, c. 110, enkZx
RIi, c. 746)
Avhvbi kl covi `yAv

dvq`v t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb t h ew
Avhvbi RIqve wè| AZtci Avhvbi kl wbgv `yAv coe
wKqvgZi w`b Zvi Rb Avgvi kvdvAvZ (mycvwik) IqvwRe ne
A_vr m AekB Avgvi mycvwik Gi nK`vi ne|
wnmby` `yAv 91
( fmi
f mmm
fmi
(fifi
i3 G=
f
i ^ 3 fmi
mi f mmifi
fmm
fifmi
fmmi
3
fmmmi
fif$
i fi
E _fi

fmm
i fifmi
b fmmi
fmm
A_ t n Avjvn! GB cwic~Y Avnvb I Avmb bvgvhi ZzwgB ie|
nhiZ gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvgK Amxjv I ghv`v `vb
Ki| Avi ZuvK gvKvg gvng~` AwawZ Ki, hvi Iqv`v Zzwg ZuvK
w`qQ| AekB Zzwg Iqv`v f Ki bv| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 1, c. 126,
nv`xm bs 614, Rvg wZiwghx, L. 1, c. 413, nv`xm bs 211)
A_ev G `yAv coe
0f
i f
mi = fEifi= Efmi fbm mi fEi fif i Efi 0
f3 i fmi
fmbi . fi f i bfi= f m mm i fbi=
A_ t Avwg mv w`wQ h, Avjvn eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB| wZwb
AwZxq, Zuvi Kvb kixK bB Ges gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv
mvjvg Zuvi ev`v I ivm~j| Avwg AvjvnK ie wnmve, gynvv`
mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvgK ivm~j wnmve Ges BmjvgK xb
wnmve mywP gb wbjvg| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 1, c. 290, nv`xm bs
386)
Avhvb I BKvgZi gaeZx mgq covi `yAv

dvq`v t Avhvb Ges BKvgZi mgq wbq `yAv Keyj nq| ZvB G
mgq Avjvn cvKi wbKU AekB `yAv Kie Ges `ywbqv-AvwLivZ
kvw I wbivcv Kvgbv Kie| Gfve Avhvb I BKvgZi gaeZx
mgqI `yAv Keyj nq| ZvB G mgq mybvZ bvgvh A_ev mvjvZzj
nvRZ co Avjvni wbKU AekB `yAv Kie|
fmmi
f mi fmi

(f
fmifi
i 3
fmmi
a (fifmmi
3
f mmi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU gv I wbivcv PvB Ges `ywbqv
I AvwLivZ (cZK wec`vc` I Avhve _K) wndvhZ cv_bv KiwQ|
wnmby` `yAv 92
BKvgZi RIqve
BKvgZi Di Avhvbi Dii bvq| Ze gyqvh&whb hLb
(fmi
fi
eje, ZLb kvZv Gi Di fmi
0
i eje|
fmif
fifi
dRii mybvZ bvgvh covi m~ivmg~n

dRii mybvZ c_g ivKAvZ m~ivq f
i fi i fmi
f3i f i coe Ges
wZxq ivKAvZ fi
+ 0
fi
f i coe| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 2, c. 276, nv`xm
bs 417)
Qvbv
f3 i fi
1fmi
fmm
i fmmi
J
=fmi
m i
3 fmi
3 fifm
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi cweZv eYbv KiwQ Ges Zvgvi cksmv
KiwQ| Zvgvi bvg eiKZgq, Zvgvi ghv`v myDP Avi Zzwg eZxZ
Kvb gve~` bB| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 1, c. 299, nv`xm bs 399, Rvg
iK~i Zvmexn (3 evi)

fm
fm
=
mmi
m i
A_ t Avwg Avgvi gnvb cwZcvjKi cweZv eYbv KiwQ| (mnxn
AZtci G `yAv coe

f
3 f i f
m mi fi f
mi
mi= fi fmmi
f m i f
i _
3
m i fi fm i f
m i f
f
m i
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi RbB iK KiwQ, Avwg Zvgvi cwZB
Cgvb GbwQ Ges Avwg Zvgvi AvbyMZ Aej^b KiwQ| Avgvi Kvb,
Avgvi PvL, Avgvi gMR, Avgvi nvo Ges Avgvi wkiv (mewKQz)
Zvgvi myL AebZ| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 1, c. 534, nv`xm bs 771)
wnmby` `yAv 93
iK~ _K DVvi mgq coe (Zvmgx)
fmi
E fm i 0
f m i
A_ t Avjvn kvbb h Zvi cksmv Ki| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 1, c. 140, nv`xm
bs 689)
iK~ _K DV covi `yAv (Zvngx`)

fmm
fmi=

i fi
A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! mg cksmv ZvgviB Rb| (mnxn
iK~ _K DV Zvngxì ci coe (K~gvZ)

f mi f\=fmi
b fm)i
b
b Jmi
b fmi
A_ t Gic cksmv hv cPzi, cwe I KjvYgq| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 1, c.
159, nv`xm bs 799)
mR`vi Zvmexn (3 evi)

f3$ =
fm
m i
A_ t Avwg Avgvi mek cwZcvjKi cweZv eYbv KiwQ| (mnxn
AZtci G `yAv coe

E=f i fEm mi _
3 f i ^fmi fi fmmi
m mi fi f
mi
f m i f
3
i fmi f
;
E f mi
fi
=fmqi Efm i fEmmi f i =fi
m ifmi fm i 0
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi RbB mR`v KiwQ, Avwg Zvgvi
cwZB Cgvb GbwQ Ges Avwg Zvgvi AvbyMZ Aej^b KiwQ| Avgvi
Kcvj H mvK mR`v KiQ whwb ZvK mw KiQb Ges ZvK
AwZ Dg AvKwZ `vb KiQb| (kvbvi Rb) Kvb mw KiQb Ges
(`Lvi Rb) PvL mw KiQb| Avjvn ZvAvjv AwZ eiKZc~Y, whwb
AwZ Dg mwKZv| (mnxn Beb wnevb, L. 5, c. 315, nv`xm bs 1977)
wnmby` `yAv 94
mR`vq G `yAvI cov hvq
dvq`v t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg mR`vq gvS gvS
G `yAv coZbEf i fEm) if$ Efi 3 fEi fEmi fEi fE m\ f
i9 1 fm i fmm
3 i
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg Avgvi mg bvn gvd Ki, QvU-eo, c~eikli Ges cKvk- bvn| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 1, c. 350, nv`xm bs 483)
mR`vq G `yAvwUI cov hvq
dvq`v t G `yAvwU weZi covi eYbvI iqQ| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c.
561, nv`xm bs 3566)
mm i fm mi fi f

if i 9fi fmmi
fmi f i 9fi fm ifmi fi f ifif
3
fm mi f3$ f

m i fmi f
i fm m$ &bfm i f
i
A_ t n Avjvn! Zvgvi mywi gvag Zvgvi Amyw _K, Zvgvi
gvi gvag Zvgvi kvw _K Avwg cvbvn PvB| Zvgvi Yvejx
eYbv Ki Avwg kl KiZ cvie bv, Zzwg Hic cksmvi gvwjK hic
Zzwg Zvgvi cksmv KiQ| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 1, c. 352, nv`xm bs 486)
Rvjmv (`yB mR`vi gvSLvb) coe
G=
G=
1 f mi

1 f mi
A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! AvgvK gv Ki| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1,
c. 293, nv`xm bs 874)
A_ev G `yAv coe

f
f
fi
=
f
i =
if$
mi
3
1 f m i fmmi
A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK gv Ki| Avgvi cwZ `qv Ki| AvgvK
wn`vqZ Ki| AvgvK gvd Ki| AvgvK wiwhK `vb Ki| (mybvb Ave~
`vD`, L. 1, c. 286, nv`xm bs 850, wgkKvZzj gvmvexn, L. 1, c. 196, nv`xm
bs 900)
wnmby` `yAv 95
Zvkv` (AvvwnqvZz)
fEif \fi 0
3 ^f
m) mi
f mmi
m m m i
^
fmi= f
i fmi fmm$ .fmi
F
^f
fbm mi fmi 0

f
mi f3$ fm) m$ .fmi
f3 i fmi ;
m ifmi
0

fEifi= Efmi
A_ t mg mvb, mKj AvbyMZ I cweZv Avjvni Rb| n bex!
Avcbvi cwZ Avjvni c _K kvw, ingZ I eiKZ ewlZ nvK|
kvw ewlZ nvK Avgvì cwZ Ges Avjvni bK ev`vì cwZ|
Avwg mv w`wQ, Avjvn eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB| Avwg AviI mv
w`wQ, gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Zuvi ev`v I ivm~j|
(mnxn eyLvix, L. 1, c. 166, nv`xm bs 831, mnxn gymwjg, L. 1, c. 302,
nv`xm bs 403)
`yi` kixd

i fmi fm
fmif
L m i 8 3 f3$ fm
L m i f$ f i fmmi
3
i 83 f3 $ fmif
i f3 $ fmm
f3$ f

+ i fmmi
+ fi
L m i 8 3 f3$ fm
L m i f3 $ =f
i=fi fmi fm
3 mfmm
i fmmi

f+mm i f+ mm i fi
fmif
i 8 3 f3 $ fmif
i
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg ingZ elY Ki gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv
mvjvg I Zuvi cwievi-cwiRbi Dci, hic ingZ elY KiQ
Beivnxg (Av.) I Zuvi cwievi-cwiRbi Dci| Zzwg wbq ckswmZ,
mvwbZ| n Avjvn! Zzwg eiKZ bvwhj Ki gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn
Iqv mvjvg I Zuvi cwievi-cwiRbi Dci, hic eiKZ bvwhj KiQ
mvwbZ| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 6, c. 120, nv`xm bs 4797)
`yAv gvQ~iv
fm m i J
fi (bfm m i 1 fm i fi f
i Gfifi
m mi fmmi
3
m i f
b m i fmbmi f
fmi f i =fm mi f

i fi f
m i = f mi
wnmby` `yAv 96
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg wbRi Dci AZvwaK Ryjyg KiwQ| Zzwg Qvov
Ab KD Aciva gvKvix bB| myZivs Zvgvi c _K AvgvK
m~Y gv Ki `vI Ges Zzwg AvgvK ing Ki, ZzwgB gvKvix,
KiYvgq| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 1, c. 166, nv`xm bs 834, mnxn gymwjg, L. 4,
c. 2078, nv`xm bs 2705)
Zvnvyì wbqZ DV covi `yAv

mf+ifi
L f \ f3$ fi
fi
fmmi
mfi
E fif i fi
E 0
i fi
&*
f3 i
fmm

mFfi
3 (fi
3 fmm
8fi
mei
fm

i 0
m i
0
f3 i F
0
3
1 f m i fmmi
A_ t Avjvn eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB| wZwb GK, Zuvi Kvb kixK
bB| ivRZ I mKj cksmv ZuviB Ges wZwb mekwgvb| Avjvn AwZ
cwe, mKj cksmv Avjvni| Avjvn Qvov Kvb gve~` bB, Avjvn
gnvb| Avjvn eZxZ (Avgvì) Kvb kw-mvg_ bB| n Avjvn!
AvgvK gv Ki| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 2, c. 54, nv`xm bs 1154)
AZtci G `yAv coe
c_g e
3 fmmi `kevi, Kf mm i 0
f
mm i `kevi, f
mm i
`kevi, F
i 0
f mi f
mmi `kevi Ges 0
fm m m i `kevi coe| AZtci wbgewYZ
`yAv `kevi coe fmmi
f if
f m i fi f i 9fi
mm i .fi f m i fmifi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! wbB Avwg Zvgvi wbKU `ywbqv I wKqvgZi w`bi
msKU _K cvbvn PvB| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 2, c. 744, nv`xm bs 5085)
dvq`v t Zvnvyì bvgvh `yivKvAvZ Ki Pvi, AvU wKsev eviv
ivKAvZ coe|
weZii bvgvh covi m~ivmg~n
weZii bvgvh c_g ivKAvZ m~ivq f3$ fi=
coe,
fi
f mi
wZxq ivKAvZ m~ivq f
i fi i fmi
f3i f i coe Ges ZZxq ivKAvZ
fi
+ 0
fi
f i coe| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 2, c. 326, nv`xm bs 463)
wnmby` `yAv 97
`yAvq Kzb~Z
m mmmi
Jm
f
fm)mmmi
m$ f
m$ f \fmi
f i fi
fi fmmi
i fm
3
fi
i fm
fmmi
m m i fi i
f mmi f
m "i
m mi
f
f

fmmi
fi
fi
3 mf
mi
=fm"
fif$
f3 m i fmmi=
fif
fm
mi
i f3 mi
fmi
ifi fif$
i fmm

f+m mi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avgiv Zvgvi mvnvh PvB, Zvgvi wbKU gv cv_bv
Kwi, Zvgvi Dci Cgvb ivwL Ges Zvgvi Dci fimv Kwi| Zvgvi
Dg cksmv Kwi| Zvgvi KZZv cKvk Kwi, AKZZv Kwi bv|
hviv Zvgvi Aeva, Zvì mv_ mK wQb Kwi I ZvìK eRb
Kwi| n Avjvn! Avgiv ZvgviB Bev`Z Kwi Ges Zvgvi Dk
bvgvh Av`vq Kwi| Avgiv ZvgvK mR`v Kwi, Zvgvi ìevi ùo
Avwm Ges ZvgviB w`K avweZ nB| Avgiv Zvgvi ingZi
Avkvev`x I Zvgvi kvwK fq Kwi| wbq Zvgvi Avhve Kvdiì
mv_ hy ne| (mybvb evqnvKx, L. 2, c. 210, nv`xm bs 2962 I 2963)
weZii bvgvhi mvjvgi ci covi `yAv (3 evi)

dvq`v t weZii bvgvhi mvjvgi ci wbgv `yAv wZbevi coe|
(gymvbvd Beb Avex kvBevn, nv`xm bs 6943)
f mi f
mmi f
mm i
A_ t Avwg Avjvn ZvAvjvi cweZv eYbv KiwQ, whwb ev`kvn, AwZ
cwe| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c. 454, nv`xm bs 1430)
`yAvq Zvivexn
(=fmi
fmmm
i (f
_9 fm
_9 fm
fm)mi
mi
mmi
mi
m i
m^f"
fmmi
+ ^fmi

.fmi
fm
5fmi
i & fie"
i

+ fi
m i mêm
_fi
f
i fmmi
Jm
i fmmi
3 mmi

G=
fmi=
3 m5f
f i fif
i fmm
i fi J
m i fi Jm
i fi =fmi
wnmby` `yAv 98
A_ t ivR I ivRZi AwaKvix AwZ cwe| mvb, gn, fxwZ,
gZv, Mie I Amxg gZvi AwaKvix AwZ cwe| wPixe, wPi
RvMZ Ges Agi ev`kvn AwZ cwe| Avgvì, dikZvì I AvZv
(wReivCj Av.) Gi cwZcvjK AwZ cwe I gwngvw^Z| n Avjvn!
AvgvìK Rvnvbvgi Avb _K iv Ki| n ivKvix! n
ivKvix! n ivKvix! (dvZvIqv kvgx, L. 2, c. 46 AvswkK)
Kzb~Z bvwhjv
dvq`v t Kvdi-gykwiKì c _K gymjgvbì Dci hw` nVvr
Kvb evjv-gymxeZ, Avgb wKsev AZvPvi-wbcxob Avi nq, Zvnj
dRii bvgvhi wZxq ivKAvZ iK~i ci Bgvg DPî Kzb~Z
bvwhjv coe Ges gyv`xMY Bgvgi cwZwU evK DPviYi cici
Av Avgxb eje| GK gvm A_ev wec` `~i bv nIqv ch G `yAv
cov hvq|
fmmi
=fi
fmif$
fifi
fi a fmifi
fi a fmif$
fi a fifi
3
fmifi
a fmi
fmi
f
fi
fmmi
m$ f3 m i
fmmi
E fm
fi f i fmi
fi
fi 8fi
m i fi
m mmmi
f $ 0

fmifmi
Gfmi
fi=fmi
fmi=
fif$
fi f m i
f i fmi
f
^fmmmmi
fmmi
mi
;mmmmi
;mifmmi
" i f
i
^fmifmi
fmif
3 mfif
f3 $ fif
fmmi

f mi f mif
fi
f
) i ^9
3 mfif$
mi ;i
mi
f$
m " i f mi
fmmsi
(f
f i fmi

_=fmmi
f i fi
mmi
;if
3 fmmi
f mi=
fmifi
fm
i
f
;i
m ifmi

fifi
f
mm\
3mi m&fmi
fifmi
8f
.fmi
i fm
fi fmi
i fmmmi
E i _fi
f i f

fi
fmi
{f
mmi
8f
fi=
fi=fm
i fi fmmi
m mi

3 m;if
f i f i fi9fmi
i a f mmm
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg hvìK wn`vqZ c`vb KiQ, AvgvìK
Zvì Afy Ki| hvìK gv KiQ, AvgvìK Zvì Afy
Ki| hvìK ez evwbqQ, AvgvìK Zvì Afy Ki| Zzwg
wnmby` `yAv 99
AvgvìK hv w`qQ, ZvZ eiKZ `vb Ki| Zvgvi dqmvjvKZ
welqi Awb _K Avgvì wndvhZ Ki| wbq Zzwg dqmvjvKvix,
Zvgvi wei Kvb dqmvjv Pj bv| Zzwg hvK ez evwbqQ, m
AcgvwbZ nq bv| Zzwg hvK k evwbqQ, m KLbI BZ cvq bv|
n ie! Zzwg eiKZgq I DP ghv`vi AwaKvix| Avgiv Zvgvi wbKU
gv PvB Ges Zvgvi KvQ ZvIev Kwi| Avjvn ZvAvjv ingZ elY
Kib mvwbZ ivm~j mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi cwZ|
n Avjvn! AvgvìK gvd Ki `vI| gvd Ki `vI gywgb bibvixK Ges mKj gymwjg bi-bvixK| Zvì Ai cii wgjgneZ mw Ki `vI| Zvì gaKvi mKj welqi mgvavb Ki
`vI| Avi ZvìK Zvgvi I Zvì kì Dci mvnvh Ki| n
Avjvn! Kvdi I gykwiKì cwZ jvbZ Ki, jvbZ Ki B`xLvbì cwZ, hviv Zvgvi xbi ivvq cwZeKZv mw Ki,
Zvgvi ivm~jìK wg_v cwZcb Ki, Zvgvi Ajxì wei hy
Ki| n Avjvn! Zvì ciii K_vevZvq weiva mw Ki `vI|
Zvì c`c wea Ki `vI| Zvì evwnbxK wewQb Ki `vI|
Zvì RvgvAvZK wQbwfb Ki `vI Ges Zvì Dci Zvgvi Ggb
Avhve bvwhj Ki, Acivax mc`vq _K h Avhve Zzwg `~i Kie
bv| n Avjvn! Avgiv ZvgvK Zvì gvKvejvq ck Kijvg Ges
Avgiv Zvì Awb _K Zvgvi Avkq cv_bv Kwi| (mybvb evqnvKx,
L. 2, c. 209, nv`xm bs 2957 AvswkK, wnmb nvmxb, c. 127-128)
Zvnvyì bvgvh (mevg bdj bvgvh)

KziAvb gvRx` bdj bvgvhi ga ay Zvnvyì bvgvhi K_v
bvg mn ewYZ nqQ (m~iv ebx BmjvCj, 17: 79) Zvnvy` nj, mg
bdj Bev`vZi ga Avdhvj, bvn gvPb Ges cqvRb ARbi
Rb Gi Zzjbv bB| Zvnvy` eZxZ Avjvni bKU ARb Kiv
Ame| G KviYB ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg, mvnvevq
Kivg Ges eyhMy vb xb me`v Zvnvyì cvew` KiQb|
wnmby` `yAv 100

Zvnvyì e`j
kl ivZ RvMvi Afvm bv nIqv ch Bkvi bvgvhi mybvZi ci
Zvnvyì wbqZ Pvi ivKAvZ bdj cov DwPZ| Zvnvy` `yivKAvZ
Ki Pvi, AvU I eviv ivKAvZ ch cov hvq| Ze AvU ivKAvZ
cov Dg| Zvnvyì mgq nj, ivZi klvsk| Ze mevi Rb ivZi
klvsk RvMv me nq bv? ZvB ivZ RvMv eZxZ Zvnvyì mvIqve
cvIqvi Rb gynvwK eyhMy ì _K GKwU weK ZixKv ewYZ AvQ,
Zv nj Bkvi dih bvgvhi ci `yivKAvZ mybvZ covi ci weZii
c~e Zvnvyì wbqZ Pvi ivKAvZ bvgvh coe| Zvnj Zvnvyì
mvIqve cq hve BbkvAvjvn| Ze G bvgvhK Zvnvy` ejv ne
bv, Kbbv Nyg _K RvMv eZxZ Zvnvy` nq bv| gvvK_v ivZi
klvsk Zvnvy` covB Avdhvj I mevg| (Zvdmxi ij gvAvbx, L.
8, c. 132, Zvdmxi Beb KvQxi, L. 3, c. 58, Zvdmxi gvAvwidzj KziAvb, L.
5, c. 503-504, dvZvIqv kvgx, L. 2, c. 24; gvgyjvZ gvQziv, c. 57)
mvjvZzj nvRZ Gi `yAv

dvq`v t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb t h ewi
Avjvn ZvAvjv wKsev gvbyli wbKU Kvb nvRZ (cqvRb) iqQ|
m ewi DwPZ fvjfve Ah~ Ki `yB ivKAvZ bvgvh coe| Gici
Avjvni cksmv Kie I ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvB Iqv mvjvg Gi
Dci `yi` cvV Kie, AZtci wbgewYZ `yAv coe| (Rvg wZiwghx, L.
2, c. 344, nv`xm bs 479)
G=
3 fmm
i fm i G=
i f mmm
m i mf if " i f mmm
f3 i
F
fm
i 0
mm
m;m
fL i f \ f i fm
m m i f if i fmm
i=
i fif
fi
^fmi
ifm i
f mmi
fmi
mfi
fif
E i fmi
E m i fmbi9 1 fi
L f \ f i fi
b
fmif
fb ifi

)mi
;
i fi

b fi
fi=
m if
= fi fmm
A_ t Avjvn eZxZ Kvb gvey` bB| wZwb ahkxj, `qvjy| wZwb
cwe, whwb gnvb Aviki ie| mg cksmv Avjvni whwb mviv
wnmby` `yAv 101

Rvnvbi cwZcvjK| n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi ingZi DcKiYjv
Avi Zvgvi gvMwdivZ cZ Dchy Amxjvi Rb cv_bv KiwQ| Avi
cZK bvn nZ wbivc` iL cZKwU cyYi mì Rb
Ave`b KiwQ| n `qvevbì `qvevb! gv eZxZ Avgvi Kvb bvn
Aewk iL bv| Kvb `ytL-e`bv `~i Kiv Qvov iL wÌ bv Ges
Zvgvi cQ` nq Ggb Kvb cqvRb c~iY Kiv Qvov iL wÌ bv|
bvgvh BLviv Gi `yAv
dvq`v-1 t nv`xm ewYZ AvQ, Avjvn ZvAvjvi wbKU civgk PvIqv
Av`g mvbi Rb mfvMi KviY Ges Avjvn ZvAvjvi wbKU
civgk bv PvIqv Zvì Rb `yfvMi KviY| weevni Rb BLviv
Kiv mybvZ| Kviv wbKU cqMvg cKvk Kivi c~e BLviv Ki wbe|
dvq`v-2 t Rvwei web Ave`yjvn (iv.) _K ewYZ| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv
AvjvB Iqv mvjvg AvgvìK mKj KvRi Rb BLviv wkwLqQb,
hfve AvgvìK KziAvbi m~iv wkwLqQb| h ew Kvb welq
`ywv KiQ, m hb `yB ivKAvZ bvgvh co Ges Gici coe fmmi
fi=fmi
fmm
mf mmm
f i f mmi
=fmmi
mi
Jm
i fmmi
3
m i
f mmi
f mmi
=fmi
fi
fmmi
mi
i f m$
f
=fi
3 mG fmm
i . f $ f

fi
3
=fi
*
_
f
f i fmif$
fmi
1 =fifi
1 fmi
i a 1 Ji
fi
+ f i fi
3 f mmi
_
i 1
*
mfm
mi
f
f i fmif$
f
fmi
i a 1 f+ i f i fi
K f
f mi
fi
Jm
f
i fi
fmi
i fif
i = fi
f\
i f i f
i 1 = f i
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi Bj&gi gvag Zvgvi KjvY cv_bv
KiwQ Ges Zvgvi KvQ Zvgvi KzìZi gvag kw-mvg_ cv_bv
KiwQ| Avi Zvgvi KvQ Zvgvi eo AbyMn cv_bv KiwQ| Kbbv,
Zvgvi kw AvQ, Avgvi kw bB, Zzwg Rvb, Avwg Rvwb bv| Zzwg
A`k welq LyeB cwivZ| n Avjvn! hw` Zvgvi vb G KvRwU
wnmby` `yAv 102

Avgvi Rb `ywbqv I AvLivZ Dg I KjvYKi nq, Ze ZvK
Avgvi Rb AeavwiZ Ki `vI| Zvici GZ Avgvi Rb eiKZ `vb
Ki| Avi hw` G KvRwU Zvgvi vb Avgvi `ywbqv I AvLivZi Rb
AKjvYKi nq, Ze D KvRK Avgvi _K `~i ivL Ges AvgvK
D KvR _K weiZ ivL| Avi Avgvi Rb mevb KjvY eiv Ki|
AZtci AvgvK ZvZ my Ki| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 2, c. 56, nv`xm bs
1162)
mvjvZzZ& Zvmexn
dhxjZt ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg wbR PvPv nhiZ
Avevm (iv.)K G bvgvhi wkv w`qQb Ges ejQb h, G
bvgvhi viv Avjvn ZvAvjv Avcbvi c~ei-cii, cyivZb-bZzb,
BQvKZ-AwbQvKZ, QvU-eo Ges cKvk-AcKvk mKj cKvii
bvn gvd Ki wèb| me nj cZK w`b GKevi Gfve bvgvh
coeb| cZK w`b me bv nj cZK mvn GKevi coeb|
cZK mvn me bv nj cZK gvm GKevi coeb| cZK
gvm me bv nj eQi GKevi coeb Ges hw` eQi GKeviI me
bv nq Ze AZ mviv Rxeb GKevi AekB coeb| (mybvb Ave~
`vD`, L. 1, c. 414, nv`xm bs 1297)
wbqg t Pvi ivKAvZ bvgvh G Zvmexn megvU 300 evi A_vr
cZK ivKAvZ 75 evi Ki coZ ne| wbgic1| m~iv dvwZnv I Ab GKwU m~iv covi ci
15 evi
2| iKZ wMq iKi Zvmexn covi ci
10 evi
3| iK _K DV mvRv ùvwoq
10 evi
4| mR`vq wMq mR`vi Zvmexn covi ci
10 evi
5| mR`v _K DV mvRv em
10 evi
6| wZxq mR`vq wMq mR`vi Zvmexn covi ci 10 evi
7| wZxq mR`v _K DV mvRv em
10 evi
gvU = 75 evi
wnmby` `yAv 103

G nj GK ivKAvZ 75 evi| Zvici ZvKexi (Avjv AvKevi)
ejv eZxZ wZxq ivKAvZi Rb ùvove Ges D wbqg wZxq
ivKAvZ coe| wZxq ivKAvZ wZxq mR`v _K DV AvM 10
evi Zvmexn co wbe ci AvvwnqvZz coe Ges ZvKexi ejv
eZxZ ZZxq ivKAvZi Rb ùvove| AZtci ZZxq I PZz_
ivKAvZ D wbqg coe| Pvi ivKAvZ gvU nj (754=) 300
evi| ZvmexnwU nQ t
ei
3 fmm
F
fm
i 0
m i
0
f3 i
0
A_ t Avjvn AwZ cwe, mKj cksmv Avjvni| Avjvn Qvov Kvb
gve~` bB, Avjvn gnvb| (mybvb Beb gvRvn, L. 2, c. 396, nv`xm bs
1386, wgkKvZzj gvmvexn, L. 1, c. 296, nv`xm bs 1328)
mvjvZzZ& ZvIev (ZvIevi bvgvh)

gywgb Gi Y nj Zvi viv bvn nq bv| hw` KLbI fyjekZ
bvn nq hvq mv_ mv_ ZvIev Ki bq| ZvIev Kivi wbqg nj,
Dgic Mvmj ev Ah~ Ki `yivKAvZ ZvIevi bvgvh (Abvb
bvgvhi bvq) coe| bvgvh kl mvaviY BwMdvi, mvBwq`yj
BwMdvi coe Ges wbg wjwLZ `yAv wZb evi cvV Kie|
dvq`v t GK jvK ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi wbKU
Gm ejj, Bqv ivm~jvjvn! Avgvi viv bvn nq MQ| Avcwb
ejjb t G `yAv wZbevi cvV Ki, m wZbevi G `yAv cvV Kij|
AZtci ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ZvK ejjb t DV,
hvI! Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvgvi bvn gvd Ki w`qQb| (gyvìvK
nvwKg, L. 1, c. 728, nv`xm bs 1994)
f
f mi 3= fmmi= fi9 fi fi fifm m i fmmi
3
m i fi _
A_ t n Avjvn! Zvgvi gvMwdivZ Avgvi bvni Pq AbK ck
Ges Avgvi ga wbR Avgvji Pq Zvgvi ingZi Avkv (fimv)
AbK ewk|
wnmby` `yAv 104

mR`vq wZjvIqvZ covi `yAv
c_g mR`vi Zvmexn wZb evi coe| AZtci wbgv `yAv coe|
fK if i fK ifm i Efm i fEmmi f i fEm mi _
f m i f
i fmi
A_ t Avgvi Pnviv Zuvi Rb mR`v Kij whwb ZvK mw KiQb
Ges (kvbvi Rb) Kvb I (`Lvi Rb) PvL mw KiQb, ZuviB
c` kw I mvg_ej| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 489, nv`xm bs 3425)
mR`vq wZjvIqvZi wbqg
ùvwoq Avjv AvKevi ej mvRv mR`vq hve| GKwU gv mR`v
Kie| wZbevi mR`vi Zvmexn covi ci Dciv `yAv coe|
Avevi Avjv AvKevi ej ùvwoq hve| mR`v Kivi ci bv ùvwoq
em cojI Amyweav bB| ZvKexi Zvnixgv, nvZ euvav ev Zvkv`mvjvg BZvwì cqvRb bB|
dvq`v t mR`vq wZjvIqvZ cvV Kiv gvB mR`v Kiv IqvwRe|
mR`vi AvqvZ cvV Kivi ci wbgv `yAvwU cvV Kiv Dg|
m mv_ mv_ mR`v bv Ki cieZxZ mR`v KijI Kvb
Amyweav ne bv|
Jmmi
fmi=
m i fmmi
fif
fmmmi

fmi
A_ t Avgiv bwQ Ges Keyj KiwQ| n Avgvì cwZcvjK! Avgiv
Zvgvi gv PvB| Avi ZvgviB wbKU cZveZb KiZ ne| (m~iv
evKviv, 2: 285)

wnmby` `yAv 105
Aavq t 5
nR, Dgivn I Kzievbx
welqK `yAv mg~n
wnmby` `yAv 106
5g Aavq
nR, Dgivn I Kzievbx welqK `yAvmg~n

Bnivg euvavi mgq covi `yAv
mfmmi fi fmmmi
fmmi mfms i fi fif i fms i mfms i fmmi
3 fms i
fi fif i
A_ t Avwg DcwZ, n Avjvn! Avwg DcwZ| Avwg DcwZ, Zvgvi
Kvb kixK bB, Avwg DcwZ| wbB mg cksmv, bqvgZ I ivRZ
ZvgviB| Zvgvi Kvb kixK bB, Avwg DcwZ| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 2,
c. 138, nv`xm bs 1549, mnxn gymwjg, L. 2, c. 841, nv`xm bs 1184)
G `yAvI cov hvq

f m i f3 i fms i
A_ t Avwg DcwZ, n gve~` einK| (gymbv` Avngv`, L. 2, c. 352,
nv`xm bs 8614)
AZtci G `yAv coe

fmmi

=fmi
fmmi
fif
m i f mmi
m mi
3 mfifi=
3
f i f
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi KvQ Zvgvi gv I Zvgvi myw
Kvgbv KiwQ| n Avjvn! Zzwg AvgvK Rvnvbvgi Avb _K gyw
`vI| (wnmb nvmxb, c. 220)
nvivg kixd `wMvPi nj coe
3 fmmi
fmmi
. fi
f$ f
f i f
fif
i fi
i 3 m=f
i f m i fmi
3
mi
fif$
fmifi
f i fi
fmi
mi
f

f i f
mmi
A_ t n Avjvn! G nj Zvgvi nvivg, Zvgvi `qv wbivc` vb|
AZGe Zzwg AvgvK Rvnvbvgi Rb nvivg Ki `vI| Avi m w`b
wnmby` `yAv 107

Zvgvi Avhve _K AvgvK wbivcv `vb Ki, hw`b Zzwg Zvgvi
ev`vìK cybiwZ Kie Ges AvgvK Zvgvi Ajxì I
AvbyMZkxjì Afy Ki bvI| (wKZveyj AvhKvi, c. 127)
evqZzjvn kixd `L covi `yAv
b fmbif " i fmbmmmi
3
fi
fmsi
E f i fif
E i fi
fifmi
fmmi
fi
fmb if mi
3
fb i fmbmmmi

f
E mmi
fE mi fm i
fmbif " i fmb if mi
A_ t n Avjvn! ew Ki `vI Zvgvi G Mni mvb-ghv`v I cfve
Ges ew Ki `vI nR I DgivnKvixì ga hviv G Mni BZ I
mvb Ki Zvì gvb-ghv`v, mvb I mvIqve| (wKZveyj AvhKvi wjbbeex in., c. 127)
ZvIqvd Kivi mgq covi `yAv

0fi
3 fmm
8fi
ei
(fi
fm

i 0
m i
0
f3 i F
0
A_ t Avjvn AwZ cwe, mKj cksmv Avjvni| Avjvn Qvov Kvb
gve~` bB, Avjvn gnvb| Avjvn eZxZ (Avgvì) Kvb kw-mvg_
bB| (mybvb Beb gvRvn, L. 4, c. 182, nv`xm bs 2357)
ZvIqvdi mgq covi AviKwU `yAv
fmmi
b mi

a fm
fmifi
3 fmi=
m (f
i 3
fmmi
a fmi
a fmi fmi
3
f mmi
fmifi
b (f
=fmi
fmmi
i 3
Gf$
fmi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU `ywbqv I AvLivZ gv I kvw
cv_bv KiwQ| n Avgvì cwZcvjK! AvgvìK `ywbqvZI KjvY
`vb Ki Ges AvwLivZI KjvY `vb Ki; Ges AvgvìK `vhLi
Avhve _K iv Ki| (mybvb Beb gvRvn, L. 4, c. 182, nv`xm bs
2957)
nvRi AvmIqv` Pz^bi mgq covi `yAv

fmi f m m$ 0
f i fm s i f m m i fb$fmi f ifmm i fmbif mi f i fbifmi fmmi
3
wnmby` `yAv 108

A_ t n Avjvn! Zvgvi cwZ AUj wekvm, Zvgvi wKZve (KziAvb)
Gi mZZv ^xKvi Ges Zvgvi bex gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv
mvjvg Gi mybvZi AbyKiY wbwg nvRi AvmIqv` Pz^b KiwQ|
(mybvb evqnvKx, L. 5, c. 79, nv`xm bs 9034)
iKb Bqvgvbx I nvRi AvmIqvì gaeZx vb covi `yAv

b (f
b fmifi
=fmi
fmmi
3 fmi=

i 3 a fmmi
a fmi
Gf$
fmi
A_ t n Avgvì cwZcvjK! AvgvìK `ywbqvZI KjvY `vb Ki
Ges AvwLivZI KjvY `vb Ki; Ges AvgvìK `vhLi Avhve
_K iv Ki| (m~iv evKviv, 2: 201, mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c. 582,
nv`xm bs 1892)
gvKvg Beivnxg covi `yAv

f 3 m i fmi
fi .f
mi fi fmi
A_ t Ges Zvgiv gvKvg BeivnxgK bvgvhi vb evbvI| (mybvb
Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c. 585, nv`xm bs 1905)
dvq`v t gvKvg Beivnxg `yivKAvZ ZvIqvdi bvgvh coe| c_g

ivKAvZ m~ivq Kvwdib Ges wZxq ivKAvZ m~ivq BLjvm
coe| AZtci iKb (nvRi AvmIqv`) Gi wbKU Avme Ges ZvK
Pz^b Kie|
ZvIqvd Ges `yivKAvZ bvgvhi ci covi `yAv
3 mfm
fi fmmi
.fmi
L )i
fmi
f i fmi
GL fifi
L mi
8f
fi
(LJ
3
fm)i
mi
fmif
1 f m ifi m=fmi
fi
fmi
fi
i = f mm i fi
f i fi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi Mvjvg, Zvgvi Mvjvgi mvb|
Zvgvi wbKU cvci fvix evSv I e` Avgj wbq nvwRi nqwQ| Avi
G vb nj Rvnvbvg _K Zvgvi Avkq MnYi vb| myZivs AvgvK
gv Ki `vI| wbB ZzwgB gvkxj I Amxg `qvjy| (wKZveyj AvhKvi
wjb&beex in., c. 128)
mvdv cvnvoi wbKUeZx nq coe

0
f ifmi fi (fm i fm mi

wnmby` `yAv 109

A_ t wbq mvdv Ges gviIqv Avjvni cwe vbmg~ni Afy|
AZtci coe
fK i 0
fi fm i fi
A_ t Avwg H vb (cvnvo) _K (mvqx) i Kie h vb _K
Avjvn ZvAvjv i KiQb (A_vr h cvnvoi DjL Avjvn ZvAvjv
c_g KiQb)| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 2, c. 886, nv`xm bs 1218)
mvdv cvnvo AvivnY Ki wKejvgyLx nq coe
ei
0
f3 i
0
A_ t Avjvn Qvov Kvb gve~` bB Ges Avjvn mek| (wnmb nvmxb,
c 222)
AZtci G `yAv coe

fi
i fi
fmmi
mfi
E fif
E 0
i fi
f
f3 i
+ fi
m i mfmm
fmmi
f+ i fi
^fmi

&L*
f \ f3 $ fi
Jm
i fmi
A_ t Avjvn eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB| wZwb GK Zuvi Kvb kixK
bB| ivRZ I mKj cksmv ZuviB| wZwbB Rxeb `vb Kib Ges
wZwbB gZz `b| wZwb wPixe, Zuvi gZz bB| ZuviB nvZ mKj
KjvY| Avi wZwb mekwgvb| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c. 585, nv`xm bs
1905)
mvdv cvnvoi Dci covi AviKwU `yAv

fmmmi

fmi f mmi
f"
fm
i fi
fi
fmi
fmm
3mi
i fm
m i fi
fmmi
i

f
.fi
fi
f 3 i f
i fi
q ifi
+ fi fifmi
A_ t n Avjvn! wbB Zzwg ejQ: AvgvK WvK, Avwg Zvgvì
WvK mvov è| Avi Zzwg Zv KLbI cwZkwZi eiLjvc Kiv bv|
AZGe, Avwg Zvgvi KvQ cv_bv KiwQ, hfve Bmjvgi gvag
wnmby` `yAv 110

Zzwg AvgvK n`vqZ `vb KiQ, Abyicfve KLbI Zv _K
AvgvK ewZ Kiv bv, AvgvK gymjgvb Aevq gZz `vI| (wKZveyj
AvhKvi wjb&beex in., c. 128)
mvdv I gviIqvi gvSLvb G `yAv coe

.f
fi=
i f i fi

f m i G=
A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! (AvgvK) gv Ki, (Avgvi cwZ) `qv
Ki| ZzwgB mevwaK civgkvjx I AbyMnkxj| (gymvbvd Beb Avex
kvBevn, L. 4, c. 69, nv`xm bs 15809)
è t mvdv cvnvo cvVi Rb hme `yAv ewYZ nqQ gviIqvZI

mjv coe|
Avivdvi gq`vb covi `yAv
dvq`v t Avivdvi gq`vb ewk ewk Zvjweqv coe| Zvjweqvi ci
G `yAv coe
( fi 3 J
i J
mi fmi
A_ t AvLivZi KjvYB nQ GKgv cKZ KjvY| (gyRvgyj
AvImvZ, L. 5, c. 317, nv`xm bs 5419)
Avivdvi w`b mevg `yAv

f+ i fi
fi
i fi
fmmi
mfi
E fif
E 0
i fi
&L*
f3 i
f \ f3 $ fi
fmm
bB| ivRZ I mKj cksmv ZuviB Ges wZwb mekwgvb| (Rvg
gyh`vwjdv (gvkAvi nvivg) Gi Avgj

m~h A hvIqvi mgq Avivdv _K cZveZb Ki gyh`vwjdvq
cuQe, mLvb gvMwie I Bkvi bvgvh GK coe Ges mLvb ivZ
hvcb Kie| myen mv`K nIqvi ci wKejvgyLx nq ùvwoq `yAv,
ZvKexi I Zvnjxj Gi ga gvkj _vKe| gyh`vwjdvq AevbKvj
wnmby` `yAv 111

ewk ewk Zvjweqv cvV KiZ _vKe| m~hi Avjv Dgic wevi
cj wgbvq wdi Avme Ges Rvgvivq AvKvevq cv_i wbc Kiv
ch Zvjweqv coZ _vKe|
cv_i wbci mgq covi `yAv
kqZvbK hZevi cv_i wbc Kie ZZevi ei
eje|
0
Gfve wZbwU Rvgvivq (Rvgvivq `ywbqv, Rvgvivq Iv Ges Rvgvivq
AvKvev) mvZwU Ki gvU GKzkwU cv_i wbc (igx) Kie|
cv_i wbci ci covi `yAv
dvq`v t Rvgvivq AvKvevq cv_i wbci ci mLvb Aevb bv
Ki nuvUv Aevq coe=bfm mi fmbi9 =be
fmmi
3
i fmb i fmmi
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg G nRK nR gvKeyj evwbq `vI Ges Avgvi
mKj bvn gvd Ki `vI| (gymbv` Avngv`, L. 1, c. 427, nv`xm bs 4061)
hghgi cvwb cvb Ki G `yAv coe
fmmi
b fmifi

&L f \ f i &b fmi fmi
b fi=
b fmm
b $ f mmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi KvQ DcKvix Bjg, ck wiwhK Ges
mKj ivMi wkdv (AvivM) cv_bv KiwQ| (gymvbvd Avewì ivh&hvK, L.
5, c. 113, nv`xm bs 9112, gyvìvK nvwKg, L. 1, nv`xm bs 1739)
Kzievbxi `yAv
cK KejvgyLx wqq G `yAv cvV Kie
m;if
^fmmi

fi fi fi fbmmi
3 fmi
f

_
fmi
mmi
x=
i fmi
fi ^f
3 Bfmi
3 i fi
E fif i ;mifmi
i fif
_
F
fmm
i f mi
G=
B fi
Lfi fi fi

fmi
fm

8
3mi ;mmmmi
A_ t wbq Avwg nhiZ Beivnxg (Av.) Gi wgjvZ (ZixKv) Gi Dci
GKwb nq H Avjvni w`K `w wbe KiwQ whwb Avmgvb I
hgxbK mw KiQb Ges Avwg gykwiKì Afy bB| wbq Avgvi
wnmby` `yAv 112

bvgvh, Avgvi Kzievbx, Avgvi Rxeb Ges Avgvi gZz GKgv Avjvn
ieyj Avjvgxb (mg Rvnvbi cvjbKZv) Gi Rb| Zuvi Kvb kixK
bB, G wb`kB AvgvK `qv nqQ Ges Avwg AbyMZì Afy|
n Avjvn! G Kzievbx ZvgviB `qv m` _K, Zvgvi mywi Rb
AgyKi c _K RevB KiwQ| (mybvb Beb gvRvn, L. 4, c. 300,
nv`xm bs 3121)
è t fi Gi j hvi c _K Kzievbx `qv nQ Zvi bvg

eje|
AZtci G `yAv co RevB Kie
e
f m i
0
i 0
A_ t Avjvni bvg RevB KiwQ, Avjvn mek| (gvRgvDh hvIqvwq`,
L. 4, c. 91, nv`xm bs 6189)
RevB Kivi ci G `yAv coe

fmm m m$ fmi
fi f mm mi fLm mi fm )m i fi fmm mi fmi f
fmmi
i fmmmi
3
.fmi

(fmi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avgvi c _K G Kzievbx Keyj Ki, hgb Zzwg
Keyj KiQ Zvgvi nvexe (ez) gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg
Ges Zvgvi Ljxj (`v) Beivnxg AvjvBwnm mvjvg Gi _K|
(enkZx hIi, L. 3, c. 230)
è t Kzievbx Ab ewi c _K nj f
i Gi vb Zvi bvg be|
AvKxKvi `yAv
dvq`v t AvKxKvi Ryi ejvq Kzievbxi Ryi bvq Avgj (`yAv
BZvwZ) Kie ay RevB Kivi mgq wbgv `yAv coeLfi fmmm i Kf i3 fi fmi fmmi
f m i
0
3 m e
i 0
A_ t Avjvni bvg RevB KiwQ, Avjvn mek| n Avjvn! G
AvKxKv ZvgviB `qv m` _K, Zvgvi mywi Rb AgyKi c
_K RevB KiwQ| (gymbv` Avex Bqvjv, L. 8, c. 17, nv`xm bs 4521)
è t
eje|
fi
wnmby` `yAv 113

Gi j hvi c _K AvKxKv `qv nQ Zvi bvg
AvKxKvi AviKwU `yAv

dvq`v t AvKxKvi G `yAvwUI cwm, Ze gvmb~b bq| ZvB c_g
Dcii `yAvwU AekB coe| AZtci G `yAvwU coefifmi fKm mm i fmmmi fKm m m i fmmmi fKi f i fmi f
i fmmm i Kf i3 fmmi
3
=f
fi f
fmmi
i &bfi fmmmi
3 Kf m m i fifm i Kf mm i
mi
A_ t n Avjvn! G Avgvi Qji AvKxKv| Zvi ii e`j Gi i,
Zvi MvkZi e`j Gi MvkZ, Zvi nvoi e`j Gi nvo, Zvi
Pvgovi e`j Gi Pvgov Ges Zvi jvgi e`j Gi jvg| n
Avjvn! GUvK Avgvi Qji Rb Rvnvbvg _K gywcY Ki `vI|
(nvw`qvZzj gyQvjxb, c. 134)
K m i fifi
K
è t AvKxKv gqi nj f
i Gi vb f
i eje Ges fmm
K Gi vb fif
f
mmi
mm i fmmmmi
K mmi
K mm i fmmmi
f
fif
fmmm
m i fmifi
eje|
ZvKexi ZvkixK
dvq`v-1t whjnR gvmi 9 ZvwiL dRii bvgvh _K 13 ZvwiL
Avmii bvgvh ch (gvU 23 Iqv) G ZvKexi cZK dih
bvgvhi ci GKevi cvV Kiv IqvwRe|
dvq`v-2t C`yj wdZii bvgvhi Rb C`Mvn Avmv-hvIqvi c_
AbyPî Ges C`yj Avhnvi bvgvhi Rb C`Mvn Avmv-hvIqvi c_
DPî G ZvKexi cov mybvZ|
fmm
3 e
i F
ei
0
f3 i ei
ei

i 0
0
0
0
A_ t Avjvn gnvb, Avjvn gnvb, Avjvn Qvov Kvb gve~` bB|
Avjvn gnvb, Avjvn gnvb, Avjvni RbB mKj cksmv| (gymvbvd
Beb Avex kvBevn, L. 2, c. 165, nv`xm bs 5679)
wnmby` `yAv 114
Aavq t 6
wewfb mgq covi `yAv
Avjvni Avkq MnY
Ges evcK `yAv mg~n
wnmby` `yAv 115
6 Aavq
wewfb mgq covi `yAv,

Avjvni Avkq MnY Ges evcK `yAvmg~n
Ni cek nIqvi `yAv
fmmi

fmifi 0
f m i fmmi 0
fmi
|f
Ji
3
Ji
m mi
f ifmi
f mmi
fmm \fi fm i= 0

f$
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi KvQ KjvYKi cek Ges KjvYKi
ewnMgb cv_bv KiwQ| Avgiv Avjvni bvg cek Kijvg Ges
Avjvni bvg ei njvg| Avi Avgiv Avgvì cwZcvjK Avjvni
Dci fimv Kijvg| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 2, c. 747, nv`xm bs 5096)
Ni ceki mgq mvjvg
fmsi
f i fi fmm

m$ . fmi
A_ t n Mnevmx! Avcbvì Dci kvw ewlZ nvK| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`,
L. 2, c. 747, nv`xm bs 5096)
Ni _K ei nIqvi `yAv

0fi
8f
(fi
f $ fm\
fmi
i 0
fi 0

A_ t Avwg Avjvni bvg wbq ei nwQ| Avjvni Dci fimv KiwQ|
Avjvn eZxZ (Avgvì) Kvb Dcvq I kw bB| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`,
L. 2, c. 747, nv`xm bs 5095, Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 490, nv`xm bs
3426)
Ni _K ei nIqvi AviKwU `yAv

dvq`v t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Ni _K ei nIqvi
mgq AvKvki w`K `w Ki G `yAv coZb|
fmmi
fmi
8
f i f i fi
9fi
f mi fmi
3
8

$ fmm
i
f
wnmby` `yAv 116

A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU Avkq PvB wec_Mvgx Kiv wKsev
wec_Mvgx nIqv _K, c`jb Kiv wKsev c`wjZ nIqv _K,
wbhvZb Kiv wKsev wbhvwZZ nIqv _K Ges AZv cKvk Kiv wKsev
AZv cKvki cv nIqv _K| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 2, c. 746, nv`xm
bs 5094)
Lvevi mvgb Gj G `yAv coe

=fmi
fmqi=
fmmi fmi
=fi
3
Gf$
fmmi
fmi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avgvì Rb G Lvevi eiKZ `vb Ki Ges

AvgvìK Rvnvbvgi Avb _K wndvhZ Ki| (gvAvv Bgvg gvwjK,
L. 2, c. 934, nv`xm bs 1672)
LvIqvi iZ covi `yAv

0
fif
fm
i f3 $ 0
i
A_ t Avwg Avjvni bvg I Avjvni eiKZ (LvIqv) i KiwQ|
(Aveyj Cgvb, L. 4, c. 145, nv`xm bs 4604, wnmb nvmxb, c. 186)
LvIqvi iZ `yAv fyj Mj gvS iY AvmjB coe

f
fmi
E 0
E i 3 fi

A_ t Avwg Gi c_g I kl Avjvni bvg wbjvg| (Rvg wZiwghx, L.
4, c. 288, nv`xm bs 1858)
LvIqvi gvS G `yAv coe

fm mi
fi
f mm
fmmi
i fi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! ZvgviB Rb mKj cksmv Ges mg Kwiqv|
LvIqvi kl nvZ avqvi mgq coe
=Lfm mi J
i= f
mmi f
mmi f
mmi fmmi fi fmmi
3
fmmi f mi f
fmi f
b m m m i Lfi
wnmby` `yAv 117

A_ t n Avjvn! ZvgviB Rb mKj cksmv, Zzwg (AvgvK) LvIwqQ,
cvb KwiqQ, Z KiQ Ges Zv wbeviY KiQ| AZGe, ZvgviB
Rb mKj Adzi cksmv| (Avwg ZvgvK) ZvM KiwQ bv Ges
(Avwg) Zvgvi AgyLvcxI bB| (gymbv` Avngv`, L. 4, c. 236, nv`xm
bs 18096)
LvIqvi kl G `yAv coe
;mm
fmmmi _fi
3 fmm
i
fifmi
F
mi
fm mmi
A_ t mg cksmv Avjvni Rb, whwb AvgvìK Avnvi KwiqQb,
cvb KwiqQb Ges gymjgvb evwbqQb| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 508,
nv`xm bs 3457)
cvwb cvb Kivi ci covi `yAv

fifmi _
fm ifif i fif
fmm
i
f i 0
b i fmbmi fmmmi fi fKm mif i fbifi fbif$
A_ t mg cksmv Avjvni Rb whwb wbR ingZi gvag AvgvìK
wgw cvwb cvb KwiqQb Ges Avgvì bvni KviY G cvwbK
jvbv cvwb Kibwb| (Zvdmxi ij gvAvbx, cviv-27, c. 149)
`ya cvb Kivi ci covi `yAv
fmi
f mi fmi
=fi
fi
3
fmmi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avgvì Rb GZ eiKZ `vI Ges AvgvìK GUv
Aviv evwoq `vI| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 2, c. 365, nv`xm bs 3730,
Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 506, nv`xm bs 3455)
`vIqvZi Lvbv Lq G `yAv coe

fi fmi
fi f i f
m mi
3
fmmi
fmi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avcwb ZvK LvIqvb h AvgvK LvIqvj| ZvK cvb
Kivb h AvgvK cvb Kivj| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 3, c. 1625, nv`xm bs
2055)
wnmby` `yAv 118

A_ev G `yAv coe
fmi J
3
i fmmi
b i fmmm i f mi fmi =f
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg G Lv` Avgvì Rb eiKZ `vb Ki Ges
AvgvìK Gi Pq Dg Lv` `vb Ki| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 506,
nv`xm bs 3455)
ìLvb DVvbvi mgq covi `yAv

J]
f
3 f]
]i f]
fb] mi
]mm
b J]
L ] mi
F
i
b m mm]
L ]i f
] f ] mi f]]b \=fm
b ]mi
i f]]m)i
fmi=
fmi

A_ t mKj cksmv Avjvni| Gic cksmv hv cPzi, cwe I
eiKZgq| n Avjvn! Avgiv G LveviK G gb KiwQ bv h, Avgiv
Gi gyLvcx bB| Avi bv G LveviK me mgqi Rb ZvM KiwQ|
Avi bv Gi cwZ cqvRbnxbZv cKvk KiwQ| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 7, c. 82,
nv`xm bs 5458, Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 507, nv`xm bs 3456)
`vIqvZKvixi Ni _K we`vq bqvi mgq coe

fmmi= fmi fm i f
i = fi a fmi =f
3
i fmmi
A_ t n Avjvn! Zvì wiwhK eiKZ `vI, Zvì gv Ki Ges
Zvì Dci ing Ki| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 3, c. 1615, nv`xm bs 2042)
Kvb KziMx ev Ab Kvb iMxi mv_ em LvIqvi `yAv
dvq`v t ivM mwKvix I msvgYi gvwjK Avjvn| ZvB Kvb iMx
ewi mv_ emZ ev GKB cU em LZ Amyweav bB| ivm~jyjvn
mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg GK Kz iMxK nvZ ai GKB cU
LZ emvjb Ges wbgv `yAv cvV Kijb|
f m m$ fb \fi 0f
i fbm i 0
f m i
A_ t Avwg Avjvni bvg Ges Avjvni Dci fimv I ZvIAvzj Ki
(Zvgvi mv_ LvIqv) i KiwQ| (gyvìvK nvwKg, L. 4, c. 152, nv`xm
bs 7196)
wnmby` `yAv 119

cvqLvbvq ceki `yAv
fmmi
fi
fmm
i f i fi9fi

i fmm
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi Avkq cv_bv KiwQ `y cyil wRb I `y
gwnjv wRbì AZvPvi _K| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 1, c. 41, nv`xm bs 142,
mnxn gymwjg, L. 1, c. 283, nv`xm bs 375)
cvqLvbv _K ei nq covi `yAv

3 fmmi fif
m i
_93 f i fi9
F
_fi
fif$
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi KvQ gvMwdivZ Kvgbv KiwQ| mKj
cksmv Avjvni Rb, whwb K`vqK eymg~n Avgvi _K `~i Ki
w`qQb Ges AvgvK kvw `vb KiQb| (mybvb Beb gvRvn, L. 1, c.
200, 201, nv`xm bs 300, 301)
gRwjmi g` K_vi Kvd&dviv (wZc~iY)

dvq`v t h Kvb gRwjm wKsev mfvi kl wbgv `yAv cov DwPZ|
hw` m gRwjm AbvcKvix K_v-evZv wKsev fyj-vw nq _vK
Zvnj G `yAvi eiKZ Avjvn ZvAvjv gv Ki wèb|
m mmi
m i fmmi
fmi
fi
Gfi
m i
fm
f3 i fmi
3 fifm
f
A_ t n Avjvn! Zywg cwe, Avwg Zvgvi cksmv KiwQ| Avwg mv
w`wQ h, Zzwg eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB| Avwg Zvgvi KvQ gv
cv_bv KiwQ I Zvgvi mgxc ZvIev KiwQ| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 494,
nv`xm bs 3433)
evRvi cek nIqvi mgq covi `yAv

fmmi

fif i fi fi
fmi
9fi
i3 Ji

fi Ji
3 m0
mfmmi
f
{ fmi
f mmi
fmmi
b fmmi
b i fi fmmi
(f
9fi
f
fi
fi f i
3 mfmmi

mi
wnmby` `yAv 120

A_ t Avjvni bvg (evRvi cek KiwQ), n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi
KvQ G evRvii gj I GZ hv AvQ Zvi gj PvB Ges Avwg
Zvgvi cvbvn PvB Zvi Agj Ges GZ hv AvQ Zvi Agj _K|
n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi KvQ cvbvn PvB GZ (evRvi) hb Kvb
jvKmvbRbK ePv-Kbvi duv` bv cwo| (`vIqvZzj Kvexi wjj evqnvKx,
L. 1, c. 406, nv`xm bs 300)
evRvi cek nq covi `yAv (`k j bKxi `yAv)

dvq`v t h ew G `yAvwU evRvi cek nq coe, Zvi Rb `k
j bKx jLv nq, `k j bvn gvPb Kiv nq Ges `k j ghv`v
ew Kiv nq| (cieZx nv`xm ewYZ nqQt) Ges RvbvZ Zvi Rb
GKwU gnj (cvmv`) evbvbv nq| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 491, nv`xm bs
3428 I 3429)

fi
i fi
fmmi
mfi
E fif
E 0
i fi
f
f3 i
+ fi
m i mfmm
fmmi
f+ i fi
L f \ f3 $ fi
^fmi

&*
Jm
i fmi
bB| ivRZ I mKj cksmv ZuviB| wZwbB Rxeb `vb Kib Ges
wZwbB gZz `b| wZwb wPixe Zuvi gZz bB| ZuviB nvZ mKj
KjvY| Avi wZwb mekwgvb|
hvbevnb AvivnYi `yAv
mIqvixZ DVvi mgq 0
3 fmm
fmi
i eje, Gici
Ges emvi ci F
coet
3 fmi
fmmmmmi
fi
13 fi ;if
f m i _fi
E fmi
fi
fmi=
m i
fm
mi fi
A_ t cweZv NvlYv KiwQ mB mvi, whwb GK (hvbevnbK)
Avgvì wbqY Gb w`qQb| Ab_vq Avgiv GK AvqZ AvbZ
mg wQjvg bv| Avi Avgiv mevB Zvi w`K wdi hZ eva| (m~iv
hyLid, 43: 13-14, mnxn gymwjg, L. 2, c. 978, nv`xm bs 1342)
wnmby` `yAv 121

bhvb AvivnY Ki coe
fmi=
fmi
=
fmif

+ =f
+ mmi
3 i fi fK m i 0
A_ t Avjvni bvgB Gi MwZ I wwZ| Avgvi cwZcvjK AekB
gvkxj, cig `qvjy| (m~iv n~`, 11: 41, gvRgvDh hvIqvwq`, L. 10, c.
187, nv`xm bs 17101, gymbv` Avex Bqvjv, L. 12, c. 152, nv`xm bs 6781)
hvx I hvbevnb wndvhvZi wekl `yAv

dvq`v t nhiZ Beb Avevm (iv.) ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv
mvjvg Gi _K eYbv KiQb t h ew Kvb cKvi hvbevnb
AvivnY Kivi ci wbgewYZ `yAv cvV Kie, Zvnj Avjvn ZvAvjv
Avivnx Ges hvbevnb DfqK mKj cKvi Rvbgvji wZ _K
wbivc` ivLeb|
G `yAvi cwZ nhiZ Beb Avevm (iv.) Gi GZ `p wekvm wQj
h, wZwb ejb t G `yAv cvV Kivi ciI hw` Kvb Avivnxi Rvbi
wKsev hvbevnbi wZ mvwaZ nq, Zvnj m hb wKqvgZi w`b
Avgvi _K Zvi Rvb I gvji wZc~iY Av`vq Ki bq| (wmjvj
gywgb, c. 86)
^f
=fi
.fi

E fmb mmi
K f i 0
+ ifmi
mmi

fmmmi
=fi
^f
x=
3 fifmmi
fi
K )mmi
fif
fmi
E m i fm
3 fifm

1fmi
mi
A_ t Zviv (Kvdiiv) Avjvn ZvAvjvi h_vwPZ mvb c`kb
Kiwb| wKqvgvZi w`b mg cw_ex Zuvi nvZi gyVvq _vKe Ges
AvKvkgjx _vKe fuvR Kiv Aevq Zuvi Wvb nvZ| wZwb cwe I
gnvb| Avi Giv hvK Zuvi mv_ kixK Ki, Zv _K wZwb AbK
Da| (m~iv hygvi, 39: 67, gvRgvDh hvIqvwq`, L. 10, c. 187, nv`xm bs
17101, gymbv` Avex Bqvjv, L. 12, c. 152, nv`xm bs 6781)
mdi iIqvbv nIqvi mgq coe

3 fif m i a f mmmi
fi fmmi
fi
e
fmmi
3
3 m3fi fi f m m i fi _f3mmi
i fi
3 fif
a f mmmm
m i fm)
m$
E fm ifi
fmmi
fi
i f m mi
a fifmi
3 mfmi
fi
wnmby` `yAv 122

fmmi
& fi
a f mmmmi
f \ f m mi
f m m mi fi

f i fi9fi
& fmi
3 mf i
8fmi
f i
A_ t n Avjvn! Avgiv Avgvì G mdi Zvgvi wbKU bKx Ges
ZvKIqv (Avjvni fq) PvB Ges Ggb Avgj hv Zzwg cQ` Ki| n
Avjvn! Avgvì Rb G mdiK mnR Ki `vI Ges Gi `~iZ Kwgq
`vI| n Avjvn! ZzwgB Avgvì mdii mv_x Ges Avgvì cwiRbi
AwffveK| n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi Avkq cv_bv KiwQ mdii K,
g` `k Ges cwievi I m` Af cZveZb _K| (mnxn gymwjg,
L. 2, c. 978, nv`xm bs 1342)
KvDK we`vq `qvi mgq covi `yAv

fmmi
fmifi
fm
i 0
fmi
fmifi
A_ t Avwg Zvgvi xb, AvgvbZ`vix I Kgi cwiYvg Avjvni mvc`
Kijvg| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 449, nv`xm bs 3443)
mdiKvix we`vq`vZvì Rb `yAv Kie
fmi
E
fmm
fmifmi
0

i _fi
A_ t Avwg ZvgvìK Avjvni nvZ mgcY Kijvg| hvi nvZ
mgwcZ AvgvbZ b nq bv| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 6, c. 1063, nv`xm bs
17474)
mdi _vKv Aevq covi `yAv

fif m i a fmmm i fmmi
mi
i fmmi
f
a f
3 f i a fm m mmi f m mi
3
if
fm mi a fmm mi

A_ t n Avjvn! ZzwgB Avgvi` mdii mv_x| Zzwg Avgvì
cwiRbi AwffveK| n Avjvn! mdii ga ZzwgB Avgvì mv_x
nq hvI Ges cwievi-cwiRbi ga Zvì mnvqZvKvix nq hvI|
wnmby` `yAv 123

Kvb vb Aevb Kij coe
dvq`v t evm v, ij kb, j NvU I wegvb eì îc vb
mg~n bg G `yAv cov DwPZ|
^fmmi
0
i 9fi

A_ t Avjvn ZvAvjvi mKj m eyi Awb _K Avwg Zuvi Kvjgv
mg~ni Avkq MnY KiwQ| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 4, c. 2080, nv`xm bs 2708)
dvq`v t mKvj-mv G `yAv (wZb wZb evi) cvV Kij mvc I weQz
Kvb wZ Kie bv| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 4, c. 2081, nv`xm bs 2709)
Kvb DuPz vb AvivnY Kij coe
ei
- A_ t Avjvn gnvb| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 4, c. 57, nv`xm bs 2993)
0
bxPi w`K bvgj coe
0
fm
m i - A_ t Avjvn cwe| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 4, c. 57, nv`xm bs 2993)
Kvb gnjvq cek Kij coe
fi fmmi
fif
m i f
fmmi
i3 Ji
i f i f i9fmi
Ji
fi Ji
3
fmmi
fif
f mmmi
fmmi
f i
fi f i fmmi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avgiv G gnjvi, gnjvni Awaevmxì Ges G
gnjvq hv wKQz AvQ, me wKQz _K Zvgvi KjvY Kvgbv Kwi Ges G
gnjv, Gi Awaevmx Ges GZ hv wKQz AvQ, me wKQzi wZ _K
Zvgvi cvbvn PvB| (Avgvjyj BqvIwg Iqvj jvBjvn, c. 247)
mdi _K wdi wbR Rbc` cek Ki coe
fif
i fm if i f if$ fm ifi fm i3
A_ t Avgiv cZveZbKvix, ZvIevKvix, Bev`ZKvix Ges Avgvì
iei cksmvKvix| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 4, c. 76, nv`xm bs 3085)
wnmby` `yAv 124

mdi _K wdi wbR Ni cekKvji `yAv
b fm if i fifi
fifi
m$ =fmi
b fm)
b fifi
b
fi
A_ t ZvIev KiwQ, ZvIev KiwQ, ay Avjvni RbB Avgvì
cZveZb Kiv| Avgvì Kvb bvn Aewk _vKe bv| (gymvbvd
Beb Avex kvBevn, L. 10, c. 360, nv`xm bs 30228)
KD DcKvi Kij h `yAv KiZ nq

i
Ji
f
b 0
A_ t Avjvn ZvAvjv AvcbvK Dg wewbgq `vb Kib| (Rvg
KD `yAv PvBj G `yAv Kie

fm)mi
E fmmi fi
E =fi
E fm i fmmi
E fifi
3
fi
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg Zvi gvj I AvIjv` ew Ki `vI Ges ZvK hv
`vb KiQ ZvZ eiKZ `vI| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 8, c. 73, nv`xm bs 6334)
mvjvg
dvq`v t hLb `yB gymjgvbi mvvZ nq, `yRbi ga h Aci
mv_xK mvjvg Ki, m Avjvn ZvAvjvi wbKU ewk wcq I Aci mv_x
Acv fvj gvbyl| AZtci Zviv hLb gvmvdvnv Ki Zvì Dci
Avjvn ZvAvjv GKk ingZ elY Kib| wbivbeBwU AviKvixi
Rb Ges `kwU (cieZx) gvmvdvnvKvixi Rb| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L.
9, c. 214, nv`xm bs 25245) Aci GKwU nv`xm ewYZ nqQ h,
c_g mvjvgKvix ew wKei (AnsKvi) gy| (Kvbhyj Dvj, nv`xm bs
25265)
fm
fif\f
fmi=
E i 0

m m$ . fmi
A_ t Avcbvì Dci kvw, Avjvni ingZ I Zuvi eiKZ ewlZ
nvK| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 7, c. 52, nv`xm bs 2689)
wnmby` `yAv 125

mvjvgi Di
. fmi
fif\f
fmi=
E i 0
fm
m m$
A_ t Avcbvì DciI kvw, Avjvni ingZ I Zuvi eiKZ ewlZ
nvK| (wgkKvZzj gvmvexn, L. 2, c. 465, nv`xm bs 4249)
Ab Kviv c _K mvjvg cuQvj Zvi RvIqve
.fmi
f m m$ f m m$
A_ t Avcbvi Dci I Zvi Dci kvw ewlZ nvK| (wgkKvZzj gvmvexn,
L. 2, c. 26, nv`xm bs 4741)
gvmvdvnvi `yAv
dvq`v t hLb `yB gymjgvb mvvZ nj (mvjvgi mv_) gvmvdvnv
Ki, Avjvn ZvAvjvi cksmv Ki Ges Zuvi wbKU (GK Acii
Rb) gvMwdivZ Kvgbv Ki| Zvnj ZvìK gv Ki `qv nq|
f"
fm m i
i fm i 0
A_ t Avjvn ZvAvjv Avgvi I Avcbvi bvn mg~n gv Ki w`b|
gyqvbvKvi `yAv
K i F
fifif
3 f
fmmi
i
3
sm
A_ t n Avjvn! Avgvi gneZK Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~ji Rb ew Ki
`vI|
nvw`qv `vbKvixi Rb `yAv

f ifi f mi a fi 0
=fi
A_ t Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvgvK mvb-mwZ Ges gvj eiKZ `vb
Kib| (mybvb bvmvqx, L. 3, c. 336, nv`xm bs 5580)
MvmjLvbvq ceki `yAv
fmmi
i f mmi

=fmi
fmm
3
f i fi9fi
wnmby` `yAv 126

A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi KvQ RvbvZ cv_bv Kwi| Avi `vhL
_K Zvgvi KvQ cvbvn PvB| (Bebym& mybx )
bZzb cvlvK cwiavb Kivi `yAv
K f mm
K _=
3 fmm
i
i B=fi
a fi
fi
_fi
F
fi fmi
Bfmi
A_ t mg cksmv Avjvni Rb, whwb AvgvK G Kvco cwiavb
KwiqQb, hv viv Avwg Avgvi jvvb AveZ Kwi Ges Gi viv
BnRxeb m`hgwZ nB| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 558, nv`xm bs
3560, mybvb Beb gvRvn, L. 4, c. 575, nv`xm bs 3557)
cyivZb cvlvK cwiavb Kivi `yAv

3 fmi
(fi
3 fmm
f
Gfmi
L
i
L J
F
_
f i fmi=
fi
i 8fi
fi
A_ t mg cksmv Avjvni Rb, whwb AvgvK G cvkvK cwiavb
KwiqQb Ges Avgvi Kvb kw mvg_ QvovB Gi eev KiQb|
KvDK bZzb cvlvK cwiwnZ `L covi `yAv

fm
m$ 0
i f
fmm
m i
A_ t Zzwg (G Kvco cwiavb Ki) cyivZb Ki Ges Avjvn ZvAvjv

ZvgvK AviI `vb Kib| (gymvbvd Beb Avex kvBevn, L. 8, c. 266,
nv`xm bs 25599)
A_ev G `yAv coe

dvq`v t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg nhiZ Dgvi dviK
(iv.)K bZzb cvlvK cwiwnZ `L Zvi Rb G `yAv KiwQjb|
fbmmi

fsi
fbmmi
fi
fi fbifi
A_ t Zzwg G bZzb Kvco cwiavb Ki, ckswmZ Rxeb hvcb Ki Ges
knx` nq gZz eiY Ki| (mybvb Beb gvRvn, L. 4, c. 575, nv`xm bs
3558)
wnmby` `yAv 127

h Kvb bZzb Kvco cwiavb Kivi `yAv
dvq`v t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg hLb Kvb bZzb
Kvco cwiavb KiZb, ZLb Zvi bvg- cvMox, Rvgv, Pvì (BZvw`)
DjL Ki G `yAv coZb| ZvB h Kvb bZzb Kvco cwiavb Ki
G `yAvwU cov mybvZ|
mf m
f i fi
fmmi
9fi
E f m i fi Ji
E f mmi
i fi
i fmm
ifm
3
i f
mfi
Ji
fi
E f m i fi f i Kf i
A_ t n Avjvn! mg cksmv ZvgviB, ZzwgB G KvcoLvwb AvgvK
cwiavb KwiqQ| Avwg Zvgvi KvQ Gi KjvY Kvgbv KiwQ Ges h
Dk GUv cyZ Kiv nqQ Zvi KjvY Kvgbv KiwQ| Avi Avwg
Zvgvi KvQ Gi Awb _K cvbvn PvB Ges h Dk GUv cyZ
Kiv nqQ Zvi Awb _K cvbvn PvB| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 4, c. 239,
nv`xm bs 1767)
cvlvK Lvjvi `yAv
fi
fmi

0
f3 i _fi
A_ t Avwg H Avjvni bvg Kvco LyjwQ whwb eZxZ Avi Kvb gve~`
bB| (Bebym mybx , c. 135-136, nv`xm bs 273)
Avqbv `Lvi `yAv
f
fmmi
i f
mi f mm
mi fmmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg Avgvi AvKwZ myì KiQ| myZivs Avgvi
PwiI myì-Dg Ki `vI| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 3, c. 1199, nv`xm bs
8404)
bZzb Pvu` `L covi `yAv

0
fi= = . fi f ifmi
mi f m m if i fm) m$ fEmi fmmi
3
f
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg Puv`K eiKZ, Cgvb, kvw I Bmjvgi cZxK
wnmve Dw`Z Ki| n Puv`! Avgvi I Zvgvi ie GKgv Avjvn|
wnmby` `yAv 128

Puvì Dci `w coj coe
3 f i fi 0f
f i fmi fi
i 9fi

A_ t Avwg G AMvgx (Pvuì) Awb _K cvbvn PvB| (Rvg wZiwghx,
L. 5, c. 452, nv`xm bs 3366)
iRe I kvevbi Puv` `Lj coe
fmi=
fmmi
=fi
fmmmi
fi=
3
fmmi
a fmi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avcwb AvgvìK iRe I kvevb gvm eiKZ `vb
Kib Ges ighvb ch Avgvì nvqvZ `xN Kib| (evqnvKx dx
`vIqvwZj Kvexi, L. 2, c. 142, nv`xm bs 529)
BdZvii `yAv
^f
f3 $ fmi
fmmi
mi
fi
fi=
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg GKgv Zvgi mwi Rb ivhv iLwQ Ges
ZvgviB `qv wiwhK viv BdZvi KiwQ| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c.
719, nv`xm bs2358)
Ab Kviv evmvq BdZvi Kij coe

fmm 3 mmi fmm m$ fmi =fi fmif
mi f \ fm ifmi
fifmi fm i
A_ t Avjvn Kib hb (Ggwbfve) ivhv`viMY Zvgvì evwoZ
BdZvi Ki, bK jvKiv hb Zvgvì Lv` Lvq Ges dikZvMY
hb Zvgvì Rb ingZi `yAv Ki| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 2, c.
395, nv`xm bs 3854, kim mybvn, L. 11, c. 342, nv`xm bs 3004)
BdZvii ci covi `yAv
0
mmi fmmi
f
m i {fm i f
&fi fi f
i9
A_ t wccvmv wgU MQ Ges wkivjv wm nqQ| Avi Avjvni
BQvq mvIqve cwZwZ nqQ| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c. 719, nv`xm
bs 2357)
wnmby` `yAv 129

bZzb dj `L I djgyj Lq covi `yAv
=f]
] i a f]]mi
=f]
]i a f]]mi
=f]
=f]
a f]]mi
3
]mmi
]i fmif
]i fmqmif]
]i f]]if mi
]i f]
fifi
a fmi

A_ t n Avjvn! Avgvì dji ga eiKZ `vI| Avgvì knii
ga eiKZ `vI| Avgvì AvwoZ (mv: eo cwigvci cv) eiKZ
`vI Ges Avgvì mwiZ (gy`: QvU cwigvci cv) eiKZ `vI|
ke Kì covi `yAv

f
fmmi
fmmi
i fifi
3
fm
+ i f+ mi fi
i fif
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg eo gvkxj, `qvjy| gv KivK Zzwg cQ`
Ki, myZivs AvgvK gv Ki `vI| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 534, nv`xm
bs 3513)
fq-fxwZ Abyfe Kij covi `yAv

;
^f
0
mmi
K mi f i fKm mi
f mi
m mi i 9 fi
fi fifmi
fi f
^
if

f
i
mm
A_ t Avjvn ZvAvjvi mKj Kvjgvmg~ni Amxjvq Zuvi va _K,
Zuvi ev`vì Awb _K, kqZvbi civPbv _K Ges Avgvi KvQ
Zvi DcwwZ _K cvbvn PvB| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 2, c. 405, nv`xm
bs 3893)
Kvb ewi viv Kvi cKvii fq nj coe

fmi
fmmi
fmi
fmmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg h DcvqB BQv Ki AvgvK G ew _K iv
Ki| (gymvbvd Beb Avex kvBevn, L. 14, c. 328, nv`xm bs 37765)
ev`kvn ev AZvPvix ewi fq nj coe
dvq`v t Dci ewi Ryjyg hgb- KgPvix gvwjKi Ryjyg, x ^vgxi
Ryjyg Ges eD kvoxi Ryjyg _K wndvhZi Rb ewk ewk coe|
wnmby` `yAv 130

f
i fmi
fiei
fmi
fimi
f3 i fmmi
fmif
i f3 i fm i fi fmi
if$ {fm
3
&f
K 1 fifi
fi

L i f
fi fi
$ fmmi
b f m mmi

A_ t n Avjvn! n wReivCj, gxKvCj I Bmivdxj Gi gve~`!
Beivnxg, BmgvCj I BmnvK Gi gve~`! Avcwb AvgvK kvwZ ivLyb
Ges Avcbvi mw RMZi KvDK Avgvi Dci Ggbfve Pvwcq wèb
bv, hv ei`vk&Z Kiv Avgvi gZvi evBi| (gymvbvd Beb Avex kvBevn,
L. 10, c. 204, nv`xm bs 29790)
ki fq nj coe
fi = fi fi f i9fmi fi = fmi a f mmmi fi fmmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avgiv ZvgvK Zvì (kì) myL Kijvg
(ZzwgB Zvì `gb Ki!) Ges Zvì g` cfve _K Zvgvi wbKU
Avkq wbjvg| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c. 480, nv`xm bs 1537)
k viv Aei nj coe
fm if$= fi 3 fm i=fi

3
fmmi
i
A_ t n Avjvn! Avgvì mKj `yejZvK XK `vI Ges fq-fxwZ
_K AvgvìK wbivc` ivL| (gymbv` Avngv`, L. 3, c. 3, nv`xm bs
11009)
kì Rb e`-`yAv
fmif
fmmi
i fmmi
i fi f i Gfm"
i 8 i
3 mGf
3 mGfmm
3
i .f
i fmmi
fmif

i
A_ t n wKZve AeZxYKvix I mZi wePviKvix Avjvn! n Avjvn!
Zzwg civwRZ Ki mwwjZ kwK; n Avjvn! Zvì civwRZ Ki
Ges ZvìK c`wjZ Ki| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 5, c. 111, nv`xm bs
4115)
wnmby` `yAv 131

kì Dci weRqx nIqvi Rb `yAv
1 fm i f
fm i f
f
$ fm m i
$ fm m i
$ fm i
f
i G =
f i
fi fbi 9 fi fbi fi fi f
$ f3i fi f3$ fm i 1 _f3mi f m i
mm i G = f
f
b fmi fmbs mi fi fb$fmi fi fmbi =
ifi fm i f
ifi fm m i = fmb)m i fi
_
m i f i f
= fi fmmm i f mi f
mi f i f
mi fm i B fi f
i
A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! AvgvK mvnvh Ki, Avgvi wei AbK
mvnvh Ki bv| AvgvK Kkj c`vb Ki, Avgvi wei AbK
Kkj c`vb Ki bv| AvgvK mwVK c_ `LvI Ges Avgvi Rb
wn`vqZ mnR Ki `vI| AvgvK Zvì mvnvh Ki h Avgvi
wei AwePvi KiQ| n Avgvi cwZcvjK! AvgvK Zvgvi
KZZv cKvkKvix, whwKiKvix, Zvgvi fq fxZ, big AiIqvjv,
Zvgvi AbyMZ Ges Zvgvi w`K cZveZbKvix evbvI| n Avgvi
cvjbKZv! Avgvi ZvIev Keyj Ki, Avgvi bvn ayq `vI, Avgvi
`yAv Keyj Ki, AvgvK mwVK c_ ivL, Avgvi wRnvK ivL,
Avgvi AiK wn`vqZ `vI Ges Avgvi Ai _K wnsmv-wel `~i
Ki `vI| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 554, nv`xm bs 3551)
weqi LyZev
f i fmm
3 9fmi
3 fmm
fm)mmmi
mi = f
E fmm
E m mmmi
E i F
i
i fi Ffi
f
fmi
fi 0
i fi fmifmi
i fi fi
^fm
fi fmmm
E f mi
)i
fEi _

fm
fi
f
fmi
E fi=
E fif i fi
E fmm
E 0
b i fmi
fi
mi
f3 i
f3i m fi
fmi
fi=
b fmmmi
fmi
fL m i fi fmm
L i
fmi=
fi

f mi (f
fi
fmmi
fmi
mi _

K fi&fmi
&fmi
fmb)i=
fi
0
fmm
0

.fi=
fmi
fi
m$ f\
Jmi
_
b
K f i 0
fmi
fifmi
3 fi fi
fmi
fmi
f3i fmmmi
f3 i
fm
i f ifmi

fmi
wnmby` `yAv 132

fmi
f"
b fifi
f"
3 fi fi
mfbifi
fi

fmi
f"
i f m mi
ifmi
i f mmi
0
fmbmmi
E fi=
fi
b fi
fmi
f m i fi fmi
fi
0
fi9

A_ t mKj cksmv Avjvn ZvAvjvi Rb| Avgiv ZuviB cksmv KiwQ,

ZuviB wbKU mvnvh cv_bv KiwQ, ZuviB wbKU gv cv_bv KiwQ Ges
wbRì bdmi Awb I wbRì e` Avgj _K Avjvn ZvAvjvi
Avkq PvwQ| hvK Avjvn ZvAvjv wn`vqZ `vb KiQb ZvK KD
Mvgivn KiZ cvi bv Ges hvK wZwb Mvgivn KiQb ZvK KD
wn`vqvZ w`Z cvi bv| Avwg mv w`wQ h, Avjvn Qvov Kvb gve~`
bB, wZwb GKv, Zuvi Kvb kixK bB Ges mv w`wQ h, gynvv`
mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Zuvi ev`v I ivm~j|
n gvbe! Zvgiv Zvgvì cwZcvjKK fq Ki whwb
ZvgvìK GK ew _K mw KiQb Ges whwb Zvi _K Zvi
xK mw KiQb Avi wevi KiQb Zvì `yRb _K e bibvix; Ges AvjvnK fq Ki hvi bvg Zvgiv GK Acii wbKU
hvPv Ki _vK Ges AvZxq-vwZì evcvi mZKZv Aej^b Ki|
wbq Avjvn Zvgvì Dci Zx `w ivLb| [wbmv, 4: 1] n
gywgbMY! Zvgiv AvjvnK h_v_fve fq Ki Ges Zvgiv Kvb
Aevq gymjgvb (AvZmgcYKvix) bv nq gZz eiY Kiv bv| [Avj
Bgivb, 3: 102] n gywgbMY! AvjvnK fq Ki Ges mwVK K_v ej|
wZwb Zvgvì Kg wUgy Kieb Ges Zvgvì bvn gv
Kieb| h KD Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~ji AvbyMZ Ki, m AekB gnv
mvdj ARb Kie| [Avnhve, 33: 70-71] (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c.
644, nv`xm bs 2118)
weq covbvi wbqg

gqi AbygwZ bqvi mgq AbygwZ MnYKvix eZxZ `yRb mvx
_vKv Riix, hviv gRwjm wMq mvx wè h, Zvì mvgb gqi
_K weqi AbygwZ bqv nqQ| Kvhx Zvì _K Rb wbe h,
gq AbygwZ DPî w`qQ, Pzc _KQ bvwK A^xKvi KiQ| Ze
wnmby` `yAv 133

Kzgvix gqi Pzc _vKvI AbygwZ wnme MY nq| AZtci Kvhx
gqi bvg I gqi wcZvi bvg, Qji bvg I Qji wcZvi bvg Ges
gvni Rb wbe| Gici Kvhx eje- AgyK ew wbR gqi weevn
GZ gnivbvq Avcbvi mv_ KiQ, gqI AbygwZ w`qQ Avcwb wK
Keyj KiQb? Qj hgwbB Di eje, Avwg Keyj KiwQ Zvnj
weevn mb nq MQ| Ze DPî ejv Riix hvZ mevB bZ
cvi| Gici Kvhx LyZev coe Ges weevwnZ ewK wbg ewYZ
`yAv wè|
weevwnZ ewK G `yAv wè
J
L i a fm"m ) i fm i fm m$ =fi fi 0
=fi
A_ t Avjvn weevnK Zvgvi Rb eiKZgq Kib, Zvgvi cwZ
eiKZ AeZxY Kib Ges Zvgvì ciii wgjbK gj Kib|
wbR gq we`vq `qvi mgq covi `yAv

dvq`v t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg nhiZ dvwZgv (iv.)
Gi we`vqi mgq Zvi Rb G `yAv KiQb|
fmmi
f mi f i f
fi fmm i= 9 f i fifmi
mmmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg G gqK Ges Zvi mvbìK weZvwoZ
kqZvb _K Zvgvi Avkq w`wQ| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 13, c. 662, nv`xm bs
37758)
gq we`vq `qvi mgq RvgvZvK G `yAv wè

dvq`v t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg nhiZ dvwZgv (iv.)
Gi we`vqi mgq nhiZ Avjx (iv.) Gi Rb G `yAv KiQb|
fmmi
f mi f i f
fi fKm i= 9 f i Efmi
mmmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg G QjK Ges Zvi mvbìK weZvwoZ
kqZvb _K Zvgvi Avkq w`wQ| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 13, c. 662, nv`xm
bs 37758)
wnmby` `yAv 134

evmi iv covi `yAv
dvq`v t weevni c_g iv hLb xi mv_ wbRb mvvZ ne ZLb
xi Kcvji Dci Pzj ai G `yAv cvV Kie fmmi

fi f i fif
f m m$ fmmmmi fi Ji
9fi
i f i fi
f mmi
3
fiJi
f m m$ fmmmmi

A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU Gi KjvY Ges Gi ^fvei
KjvY Kvgbv KiwQ, hvi Dci Zzwg GK mw KiQ; Ges Avwg Gi
Awb _K Ges Gi mwMZ ^fvei Awb _K Zvgvi cvbvn PvwQ,
hvi Dci Zzwg GK mw KiQ| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c. 655, nv`xm
bs 2160)
mnevmi mgq covi `yAv

dvq`v-1 t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb t
Zvgvì ga _K hw` KD mnevmi c~e wbgewYZ `yAv co Ges
Gi viv Kvb mvb nq Zvnj m mvbK KLbI kqZvb K wè
bv| ZvB mnevm i Kivi c~e ^vgx-x Dfq wbgv `yAv co
wbe|
dvq`v-2 t ^vgx-x Dfq Ah~ Ki cwevevq PvìveZ ev gkvix
LvUvb vb kqb Kie| mnevmi c~e ^vgx-x cii GKvfve
Avwjb Kie Ges Pzgy Lve| Kbbv kvixwiK Avb` wkniY mwi
gvag xK DwRZ bv Ki wbj ZvK iwZwqvq cwiZ Kiv hvq
bv|
fmqi=
fmi
fmmmi
fi fmmmi
m i fm

f
fms
mi
3mi 0
A_ t Avjvni bvg i KiwQ| n Avjvn! AvgvìK kqZvb _K
`~i ivL Ges AvgvìK h mvb `vb Kie Zvi _K kqZvbK
`~i ivL| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 8, c. 82, nv`xm bs 6388, mnxn gymwjg, L. 2,
c. 1058, nv`xm bs 1434)
exhcvZ nIqvi mgq gb gb coe

fm)mi
i fmmi
fmmi fmmmmi
b f
f mm
q i=
3
wnmby` `yAv 135

A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg AvgvK h mvb `vb Kie Zvi ga kqZvbi
Kvb Ask ivLe bv| (wnmb nvmxb, c. 203)
mnevm mg nIqvi Dcvq
wm wWgi Lvmv Qvwoq H wWgi Dci
( : ) fmi
&fmmi
L f i fifm)mi

fmi
fi fi
AvqvZwU wjL ^vgx Lve Ges
( : ) fifmi

i x=
fmmi
fifmif
AvqvZwU wjL x Lve| BbkvAvjvn Dfq mnevm c~Y mgZv jvf

Kie| (Avgvj KziAvbx, c. 100)
mvbK mec_g Kvwjgv wkv wè
hLb mvb K_v ejZ wkL ZLb mec_ g ZvK Kvwjgvq ZvInx` wkv
wè| 0
3 (wnmb nvmxb, c. 204)
fi
Kvb gymjgvbK nuvmZ `Lj coe
fmi
0
i
fm
A_ t Avjvn ZvAvjv me`v AvcbvK Lvk ivLyb| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 4,
126, nv`xm bs 3294)
my^vi Rb bexwRi `yAv

fmmi

(f
fmifi
i 3
fmmi
a fmi fmi
3
f mmi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU `ywbqv I AvLivZ gv I kvw
cv_bv KiwQ| (mybvb Beb gvRvn, L. 4, c. 182, nv`xm bs 2957)
Bvi `yAv
dvq`v t hw` ew bv nq Ges `ywf i nq hvq Zvnj fvjfve m~h
Dw`Z nIqvi ci mevB wgj Avevwì evBi C`Mvn Rgv ne Ges
Bvi bvgvh coe| Bgvg mvne wg^vii Dci em ZvKexi
coe, Avjvni cksmv Kie Ges wbgewYZ `yAvwj (PviwU) coe|
wnmby` `yAv 136

Gici Avmgvbi w`K `ynvZ DVve (GZUzKz Dci DVve hb
eMji bxPi Ask `Lv hvq)| AZtci jvKì cwZ wbRi wcV I
Kejvi w`K Pnviv Kie Ges wbRi PvìK DjwUq wè (A_vr
bxPi AskK Dci I Dcii AskK bxP Ges Wvbi Ask evg I
evgi Ask Wvb Kie)| Zvici jvKì cwZ Pnviv Kie, wg^vi
_K bxP bg `yivKAvZ bvgvh Gv coe Ges wekl
gbwbek Avjvi wbKU ewi Rb `yAv Kie|
Avjvni ingZ I ew Pq `yAv
fm m i 0
3 fmmi
m i3 mf mi f i f m3 i f i m;
. fi f
f3 i m f i fi
m ifmi G = F
f
mmi fm) m$ 8f i &fm m i fm i f
3 0
i fi
i fmmi
f
m i f
3 m fif i fi
;
ifi fi fm i
i 13 fbfi (bf i fmi f
A_ t mKj cksmv Avjvni Rb whwb mg RMZi cwZcvjK,

KiYvgq, AwZ `qvjy I wnmvei w`bi gvwjK| Avjvn eZxZ Kvb
gve~` bB, wZwb hv BQv nq Ki _vKb| n Avjvn! GKgv ZzwgB
Avjvn, Zzwg eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB, Zzwg abx Avi Avgiv Mixe;
Avgvì Dci ew elY Ki Ges h ew elY Kie ZvZ Avgvì
Rb `xN mgq ch wiwhK I Rxeb hvcbi Amxjv evwbq `vI| (mybvb
Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c. 374, nv`xm bs 1173)
AZtci G `yAv coe

fm
fm
fm
fmmi
f m 3mi fmmi
fm
fmmi
3mi fm
3mi fm
3 m fmmi
3mi fmmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvìK cvwb `vI| n Avjvn! AvgvìK cvwb
`vI| n Avjvn! AvgvìK cvwb `vI| n Avjvn! ew elY Ki| n
Avjvn! ew elY Ki| n Avjvn! ew elY Ki| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 2, c.
28, nv`xm bs 1013 I 1014)
ingZi ewi Rb `yAv

f
mi f i fmmi
m mi f mi
3
fmmi= fm i fmmmm i f
wnmby` `yAv 137

A_ t n Avjvn! Zvgvi ev`vMYK Ges Zvgvi cvYxKzjK cvwb cvb
KivI, Zvgvi ingZ Qwoq `vI Ges gZ kniK RxweZ Ki|
(gyqvvq Bgvg gvwjK, L. 1, c. 190, nv`xm bs 449)
DcKvix I Awejw^Z ewi `yAv

fLi 3 J
i fmbif i fmb )m i fmb ) fmm i fmmi
$ =L fi J
3
fbif
fmbif
A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvìK ew `vI, hv Avgvì dwiqv` Abyhvqx
nq, DcKvix nq, AcKvix bv nq| Avi Zv hb ZvovZvwo Avm
ìxZ bq| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c. 374, nv`xm bs 1169)
AvKvk gNvQb `Lj coe
K f i = fi f i fi fi
fi
fi fmmi
9fmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! h gN cvVvbv nqQ Gi Awb _K Avgiv
Zvgvi cvbvn PvB| (mybvb Beb gvRvn, L. 5, c. 51, nv`xm bs 3889)
ew i nj coe
fmif
b fmmi
b fmmi
b i fm)i
b i fm)i
3 mfmif
3
A_ t n Avjvn! AZ DcKvix ew elY Ki| n Avjvn! AZ
DcKvix ew elY Ki| (mybvb Beb gvRvn, L. 5, c. 51, nv`xm bs 3889)
AwZwi ewcvZ nj coe
fi
fm)ifi
Gf
8fmm

m$
fm
i .f\
3
3 f$ fmmi
m i .fi
3 mfm)
3mi
f m mi
fif

mi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avgvì Avkcvk ew elY Ki Avgvì Dci ew
elY Kiv bv| n Avjvn! wUjvmg~n, cvnvo, ceZ, b`x-bvjv I e
Drcv`bj ew elY Ki| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 2, c. 28, nv`xm bs 1013)
gNi MRb I eRcvZi k b covi `yAv
f i93 fm i fmif
fm m
$ f ifm i fm" mm i
m i fmmmmi fmmi
3
wnmby` `yAv 138

A_ t n Avjvn! Zvgvi Mhe viv AvgvìK nZv Kiv bv| Zvgvi
Avhve viv AvgvìK nZv Kiv bv| Avi Gi c~e Avgvì wbivcv
`vb Ki| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 503, nv`xm bs 3450)
So-Zzdvb i nj covi `yAv
fif i fi f i 9fi fKi f mi = fi J
fi J
3
i fmmi
i fiJ
i f mmi fmmi
fK i f mi = fi f i fmmi
fif i
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg G evqyi KjvY, Gi ga hv wKQz AvQ Zvi
KjvY Ges h Dk ZvK cevwnZ Kiv nqQ Zvi KjvY cv_bv
KiwQ| Avi Avwg G evqyi Awb _K, Gi ga hv wKQz AvQ Zvi
Awb _K Ges h Dk ZvK cevwnZ Kiv nqQ Zvi Awb
_K Zvgvi cvbvn PvB| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 2, c. 616, nv`xm bs 899)
A_ev G `yAv coe
fmbi = fmmmmi
fif
b i= fmmmi
fmmi
fmmi
3 mfbif$ fmmmmi fbmi= fmmmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! G evqyK ingZ icvwiZ Ki, Avhve bq| n
Avjvn! G evqyK DcKvix evwbq `vI, AcKvix evwbqv bv| (gyRvgyj
Kvexi, L. 11, c. 213, nv`xm bs 11533)
e` bhii `yAv
dvq`v t Kviv Dci e` bhi coj G `yAvwU 15 evi co cvwbZ
duyK w`q m cvwb H jvKi Pvnvivq wQwUq wè| BbkvAvjvn fvj
nq hve|
fi
^fmmi
L ;$
L fmmi
0
i 9fi
L f \ fi fifmi
L f \ f i fifi

A_ t Avwg Avjvn ZvAvjvi cwic~Y Kvwjgv mg~ni Avkq MnY KiwQ
cZK eo kqZvb _K Ges cZK wb`bxq PvLi (Awb) _K|
(mnxn eyLvix, L. 4, c. 147, nv`xm bs 3371)
e` bhii AviKwU `yAv
fmmi fifi fif i f

3
i9 fmmi
wnmby` `yAv 139

A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg (e` bhi) Gi Dvc, Vvv Ges KK `~i Ki
`vI| (gvRgvDh hvIqvwq`, L. 5, c. 186, nv`xm bs 8430)
kvixwiK e_vi Rb `yAv
wbRi Wvb nvZ e_vi vb iL wZbevi fmif
f m i Ges
i f mi
3 f i 0
mvZevi wbgi `yAv coe| AZtci m~iv dvjvK Ges m~iv bvm co
e_vi vb duyK wè|
=9f
i 9fi
i fi fi f i fi fK i=fi 0f
A_ t Avwg Avjvn ZvAvjv I Zuvi KzìZi Avkq MnY KiwQ G

e_vi Awb _K hv Avwg Abyfe KiwQ Ges hv _K Avwg fq
KiwQ| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 4, c. 1728, nv`xm bs 2202)
Ri Avv nj covi `yAv

=f
i 9fi J
f m i
f i f i fi =Lfmi {Lfi f \ f i fi f mm mi 0f
m "i 0
mi
A_ t gnvb Avjvn ZvAvjvi bvg, Avwg cZK DwRZ agbxi
Awb _K Ges Rvnvbvgi Avbi Dvci Awb _K gnvb Avjvn
ZvAvjvi Avkq MnY KiwQ| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 4, c. 405, nv`xm bs
2075)
PvL e_v nj covi `yAv

fi f3$ fm i _
= f i fmi a = f
f m m i f
_
i = fi fmmi
m m i fmmi
3
f
m mi
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg Avgvi Pz viv AvgvK dvq`v cuQvI, GK
Avgvi IqvwiQ (viK) evwbq `vI, Avgvi ki (Rxebi) ga
Avgvi cwZkva AvgvK (^P) `wLq `vI Ges Avgvi ki h
Avgvi cwZ AZvPvi Ki Zvi Dci AvgvK mvnvh Ki| (Kvbhyj
Dvj, L. 7, c. 250, nv`xm bs 18365)
wnmby` `yAv 140

wRb-f~Z BZvwì wPwKrmv
dvq`v t Kviv Dci wRb-f~Z BZvwì AvQi nj ZvK mvgb ewmq
wbgv AvqvZ mg~n Ges wZbwU m~iv co duyK wè BbkvAvjvn wRbf~Zi AvQi `~i nq hve| (wnmb nvmxb, c. 275)
m~iv dvwZnv, m~iv evKviv: AvqvZ 1-5, 163, 255 (AvqvZzj Kzimx),
284-286 (m~iv evKvivi kl wZb AvqvZ), m~iv Avj Bgivb: 18,
m~iv Avivd: 54, m~iv Avj gywgb~b: 116-118, m~iv md&dvZ: 1-11,
m~iv nvkii kl wZb AvqvZ: 22-24, m~iv wRb: 3-4, m~iv BLjvm,
m~iv dvjvK Ges m~iv bvm|
Kvb ivMxK `LZ Mj coe

0
&fi =+fmi
fi
A_ t fq bB (Avjvni gnievbxZ AvivM jvf Kie Ges)
BbkvAvjvn GUv Zvgvi cweZvi KviY ne| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 4, c.
202, nv`xm bs 3616)
AZtci ivMxi Kcvj ev nvZ nvZ iL coe

dvq`v t nhiZ Avqkv (iv.) ejb t Avgvì ga KD Amy nj
ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ivM Avv RvqMvq nvZ
iL G `yAv cvV KiZb| Gi viv Avjvn ZvAvjv myy Ki w`Zb|
f]]i9
&bfm]]i &fm]]i &fm]]i m afm]]i
f]]mi
f]]i
f]]i
G=

f]]mi
fmmi

b =fmi
A_ t n gvbyli cwZcvjK! Zzwg K `~i Ki `vI Ges ZvK AvivM
`vb Ki| ZzwgB AvivM `vbKvix, Zvgvi AvivM eZxZ Avi Kvb
AvivM bB, Ggb AvivM `vb Ki hv Kvb ivMK evwK bv ivL|
(mnxn eyLvix, L. 7, c. 134, nv`xm bs 5750, mnxn gymwjg, L. 4, c. 1721,
nv`xm bs 2191)
wnmby` `yAv 141

G `yAv co Amy ewi Dci duyK wè
1| dvq`v t Kvb ew Zvi Kvb A e_v Abyfe Kij wKsev
dvov ev hLg `Lv w`j ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg H
vb Avyj eyjvZb Ges wbgv `yAv coZb| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 7, c.
133, nv`xm bs 5745, mnxn gymwjg, L. 4, c. 1724, nv`xm bs 2194)
i=
i 0
fmmmi
fm i= 9
fmi
mmi
fm
fif

f i fmm
f3mi
fmi=
A_ t Avjvni bvg, Avgvì hgxbi gvwU Avgvì Kviv _y_yi m
wgwkq Avgvì ivMxK my Kie, Avgvì cwZcvjKi wb`k|
2| dvq`v t hyi mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Amy nj nhiZ
wReixj AvjvBwnm mvjvg Gm G `yAv co Avcbvi Dci `g
Kijb| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 4, c. 1718, nv`xm bs 2186)
f \ f i fi mfi9fi
0
fmi
L f \ fi fmi=
&*
L ;$

mfifi
0
L fLmi
fmi=
fmi
fmmmi
0

3| dvq`v t nhiZ mvjgvb dvimx (iv.) ejb t Avwg Amy wQjvg|

hyi mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg AvgvK `L G `yAv coQb|
(gyvìvK nvKg, L. 1, c. 734, nv`xm bs 2014)
$ fmi9 fm i fmmi 0

if
f mi ( f i 13 fm mi fm
i a f
mmi fi
fi f
ivMxi myZvi Rb `yAv
dvq`v t G `yAvwU ivMxK `LZ wMq mvZ evi coe|
fmm mi f mm mi fm i G = fmm mi 0
8fi
A_ t Avwg gnvb Avjvni wbKU cv_bv KiwQ, whwb gnvb Aviki
AwaKvix, wZwb hb AvcbvK AvivM `vb Kib| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 4,
c. 410, nv`xm bs 2083, mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 2, c. 204, nv`xm bs 3106)
wec`M ev ivMx ewK `L Av coe

dvq`v t h ew wec`M ev ivMx ewK `L G `yAv coe m
(`yAv cvVKvix) H wec` cwZZ ne bv|
wnmby` `yAv 142

$ _
fbmm mi f mi fm i J
3 f mm
i fK i fmi fm i f
F
if
L m i f3 $ f
fi
i
mm
A_ t Avjvni kvKi, whwb ZvgvK hvZ cwZZ KiQb, Zv _K
AvgvK wbivc` iLQb Ges AvgvK Zuvi mwi AbK wRwbm
Acv AwaK ghv`v `vb KiQb| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 493, nv`xm
bs 3431)
K Ges wecv`c` cwZZ ew ewk ewk coe

dvq`v t hLb Kvb gymjgvb kvixwiKfve Amy nq ZLb Avjvn
ZvAvjv bKx jLK dikZvK ejb t Zvi Avgjbvgvq H
bKxmg~n wjL hv m (Amy nIqvi) c~e KiZ| myZivs hw` Avjvn
ZvAvjv ZvK AvivM `vb Kib Zvnj Zvi bvn mg~n ayq cwe
Ki wèb| Avi hw` ZvK gZz `b Zvnj ZvK gv Ki wèb
Ges ing Kieb| (kim mybvn, L. 5, c. 241, nv`xm bs 1430)
( :
) ;mifmi
m i fi
fifm
f3 i
f i fmi
A_ t Zzwg eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB| Zzwg cwe (wb`vl) Avwg
bvnMvi| (gyvìvK nvwKg, L. 1, c. 685, nv`xm bs 1864)
euP _vKvi Avkv Qo w`j coe
1 Ji (fmm
fif\
9 f
fi f
ifi
) i fmmi
3
b i fif\
b (fifi
1 Ji
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg AvgvK RxweZ ivL, hZw`b euP _vKv Avgvi
Rb KjvYKi nq Ges ZLb AvgvK DwVq bvI, hLb Avgvi Rb
gZz KjvYKi ne| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 7, c. 121, nv`xm bs 5671)
gIZK wbKUeZx `Lj coe
f3$ f m i f if i f
m m i f
m i = 1 fm i fmmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK gv Ki, Avgvi cwZ `qv Ki Ges AvgvK
mevg ezi mv_ wgwjZ Ki| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 525, nv`xm bs
3496)
wnmby` `yAv 143

AZtci G `yAv coe
^ fmi ^
fm i ^ fmi ^
fm i f3$ f
i fmmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg K I gZzi hvZbvq AvgvK mvnvh Ki| (Rvg
gZz i msev` bj coe
fmi=
3 fi
fi F
fmi
A_ t wb tm`n Avgiv mevB Avjvn cvKiB Ges Avgiv mKj
AekB Zuvi wbKU cZveZbKvix| (mybvb Beb gvRvn, L. 2, c. 524,
nv`xm bs 1590, gymbv` Avngv`, L. 6, c. 219, nv`xm bs 25883)
gZ ewi AvwZq-^Rbiv coe

Abvb h Kvb QvU-eo wecì mgq G `yAv cov DwPZ|
fmm
3 fi
fi F
f
a f
i fmmi
fmi
i Ji
3 fmi=
smmi
b 1 f mi
AekB Zuvi wbKU cZveZbKvix| n Avjvn! Avgvi G wec` Zzwg
AvgvK cwZ`vb `vI Ges cwieZ AvgvK Gi Pq Dg e`jv `vb
Ki| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 2, c. 631, nv`xm bs 918)
bvgvh Rvbvhvi `yAv
fififi
mfifmi fif
i 9 fiJmi
fiJmi
fmsi
fmqmi
f
fm)m
i f m i fmmi
3
K fi fmi
fmi
fm)ifi
fm)mi
E fmi
E fi fmmi
E fi . fi f $ fmi
f $ fifmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg gvd Ki `vI Avgvì ga hviv RxweZ, hviv
gZ, hviv DcwZ, hviv AbycwZ, hviv QvU, hviv eo, hviv cyil Ges
hviv gwnjv mevBK| n Avjvn! Zzwg Avgvì ga hvìK euvPve,
ZvìK Bmjvgx Av`ki Dci euvwPq ivL| Avi hvìK gZz `vb
Kie, ZvìK Cgvbi mv_ gZz `vb Ki| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 3, c.
343, nv`xm bs 1029, Beb gvRvn, L. 2, c. 467, nv`xm bs 1498)
wnmby` `yAv 144

gvwqZ bvevjM Qj nj coe
fmmmi
fmmi
fmmi
fmmi
fb i
fif
fmmi
fb i fmi
b i fmi
b fmifi
b fmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! G evPvK Avgvì (bvRvZi) Rb AMMvgx Ki;
ZvK (Zvi gZzK) Avgvì Rb mvIqve I m` îc evwbq `vI
Ges ZvK Avgvì Rb mycvwikKvix I mycvwik KeyjKZ (hvi
mycvwik Keyj Kiv nq) evbvI| (enkZx hIi, L. 11, c. 808)
gvwqZ bvevjM gq nj coe
b fb mifi
fmmmi
fmmmi
fmmmi
fmmmi
fb i fmi
b i fmi
fmi
fb i
fif
fmmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! G gqwUK Avgvì (bvRvZi) Rb AMMvwgbx

Ki; ZvK (Zvi gZzK) Avgvì Rb mvIqve I m` îc evwbq
`vI Ges ZvK Avgvì Rb mycvwikKvwibx I mycvwik KeyjKZ (hvi
mycvwik Keyj Kiv nq) evbvI| (enkZx hIi, L. 11, c. 808)
Rvbvhv bvgvhi ci nvZ bv Zzj G `yAv coe
fmm i
fE mifi fi fEifi .f i fmi fi
$ fmi= fEi fm i fmmi
fKif
3

f
f ifi
m i Gfmi
fi f
mm i fmi fifmmi fi fKm i e
i f mm i & fmif i
fmi fKi fi J
b i fib fK mi fi J
b i fbi K= fi J
b i =b fif i
=fmi
mi G
f i e
f$ fi f $ fm mi
Gf$
A_ t n Avjvn! G (gZ) ewK gv Ki `vI, Zvi Dci ing Ki,
ZvK gvd Ki `vI, Zvi cZveZbK mvbRbK Ki `vI, Zvi
KeiK ck Ki `vI, ZvK aZ Ki (gvd Ki `vI) cvwb viv,
eid viv I wkwki viv Ges ZvK mg bvn _K cwe Ki `vI
hfve Zzwg cwivi Ki mv`v KvcoK gqjv _K| ZvK `ywbqvi
evmvb _K Dg evmvb, `ywbqvi cwievi _K Dg cwievi Ges
`ywbqvi x _K Dg x `vb Ki| ZvK RvbvZ `vwjL Ki, ZvK
Keii Avhve Ges Rvnvbvgi Avhve _K iv Ki| (mnxn gymwjg, L.
2, c. 662, nv`xm bs 963)
wnmby` `yAv 145

Rvbvhvi Dci `w coj G `yAv coe
.fm mi f
3 m ^fmi _fi
mm i
f
i fi fi
A_ t wZwb cwe hvi Kvb gZz bB| Avjvn eZxZ Kvb gve~`
bB| wZwb wPixe I me`v Kvqg| (gvmvqj enkZx hIi, c. 293)
gvwqZK Kei ivLvi `yAv
0
8fi=
fmi
8fi=
fmi
i f3 $ 0
fm
f m i f3 $ 0
A_ev 0

A_ t Avjvni bvg Ges ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi
wgjvZi (mybvZi) Dci (Avgiv ZvK `vdb KiwQ)| (mybvb Beb
gvRvn, L. 2, c. 498, nv`xm bs 1550)
AZtci G `yAv coe

mm mi fmmi
_f3i (b=fi fmif m i fmmi fifmm i fmmi
fif
A_ t G gvwU _KB Avwg ZvgvìK mw KiwQ, G gvwUZB
ZvgvìK cybivq wdwiq Avbe Ges G gvwU _KB Avwg
ZvgvìK wZxqevi ei Kie| (m~iv Zv-nv, 20: 55, gymbv` Avn&gv`,
L. 5, c. 254, nv`xm bs 22241)
dvq`v-1 t Keii Dci gvwU `qvi mgq 1g gywZ fifmm

, 2q
mi fmmi
b fmif
gywZ fifmmi
cov
Ges 3q gywZ _f3i (=fi
fmmi
m i fmmi
gyvnve| (enkZx hIi, L. 11, c. 813)
dvq`v-2 t gvwqZK `vdb Kivi ci mLvb Aevb Ki (Kei
_K GKUz `~i mi) Zvi Rb `yAvq gvMwdivZ Kie| Kbbv
ZLb ZvK ck Kiv nq| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 2, c. 234, nv`xm bs 3221)
whqviZi Dk Keivb ceki `yAv
f i f i f m i fmm mi f mi f"
fm m i = fmmi f i fi fm

i fmi 0
m m$ . fmi
A_ t n Keievmx! Avcbvì cwZ kvw ewlZ nvK| Avjvn cvK
Avgvì I AvcbvìK gv Kib| Avcbviv Avgvì c~eM vgx Avi
Avgiv Avcbvì AbyMvgx| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 3, c. 369, nv`xm bs
1053)
wnmby` `yAv 146

nuvwP`vZv coe
F
3 fmmi
A_ t mKj cksmv Avjvni Rb| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 8, c. 49, nv`xm bs
6224)
nuvwPi RIqve kvZv coe

0
fmifi
A_ t Avjvn cvK Zvgvi cwZ `qv Kib| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 8, c. 49, nv`xm
bs 6224)
Gi Di nuvwP`vZv coe
f"ifi f mm i 0
fmif mi
A_ t Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvgvK wn`vqZ `vb Kib Ges Zvgvi Aev
wVK Ki w`b| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 8, c. 49, nv`xm bs 6224)
Lykxi mgq covi `yAv
Lykxi mgq 0
fm
m i (Avjvn AwZ cwe) ei
(Avjvn mek)
0
Ges fvj wKQz A_ev Avjvni wbqvgZ `L 0
(hv Avjvn
& fifi
PqQb) ejv DwPZ| G welq AmsL nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| (mnxn
eyLvix, L. 1, c. 171, nv`xm bs 859)
mymsev` bj msev` `vZvi Rb Gfve `yAv Kie

( fi 3 fmifi
a J
L m i 0
fm i
A_ t Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvgvK hb `ywbqv I AvwLivZ Dg mymsev`

bvb| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 10, c. 694, nv`xm bs 29975)
Kvb cQ`bxq wRwbm `Lj coe
K _fi
^fm
3 fmm
i
ifmi
F
fmi
fmmmmi
A_ t mKj cksmv Avjvni Rb, huvi wbqvgZ viv Dg eymg~n c~Yv
nq| (mybvb Beb gvRvn, L. 4, c. 713, nv`xm bs 3803)
wnmby` `yAv 147

Kvb AcQ`bxq wRwbm `Lj A_ev `ytLi mgq coe
8fi
3 fmm
i
L f \ f3$ F
A_ t mevevq mKj cksmvi hvM ay Avjvn cvK| (mybvb Beb
gvRvn, L. 4, c. 713, nv`xm bs 3803)
Kvb KvR KwVb nq Mj covi `yAv

fmi
b fmi
b fmmmi
E fi fmi
i fi
fmmi
9 f
fmi
m i f mm
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Kvb wKQzB mnR bq wKy Zzwg hv mnR Ki
w`qQv| Zzwg hLb BQv Ki ZLb KwVb wRwbmK mnR Ki `vI|
Kvb wRwbm nvwiq Mj coe

dvq`v t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb t Avgvi
DvZK wecì mgqi Rb Ggb GKwU wRwbm `qv nqQ, hv Ab
Kvb DvZK `qv nqwb| (Zeivbx, L. 12, c. 40, nv`xm bs 12441)
fmi=
3 fi
fi F
fmi
A_ t Avgiv AvjvniB Rb wbew`Z, ZuviB w`K Avgiv cZveZb
Kie|
AZtci G `yAv coe

f
fmi
fmi
fmi
f i _fmi
_fi
= fmmi
fi
fi
fi
fi
3
ifi f $ =

fmmi
fi
fmi
fi=f
mi
f i fmi
fi fifmmi
A_ t n Avjvn! n nvivbv ey diZ `vbKvix, c_K c_c`kbKvix, nvwiq Mj ZzwgB c_ c`kb Ki| Zzwg Zvgvi KzìZ I
kw viv Avgvi nvivbv eywU wdwiq `vI| Kbbv, wb tm`n mUv
Zvgvi `vb I Zvgvi AbyMn Avwg jvf KiwQjvg| (Zeivbx, L. 12,
c. 340, nv`xm bs 13323)
wnmby` `yAv 148

fyj hvIqv vb cybivq iY Avmvi `yAv
fmmi
f
f
fmmi
fi fmi
fi fmi
i 9 fmmi
mm$
3
A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK iY Kwiq `vI hv Avwg fyj wMqwQ Ges
AvgvK wkwLq `vI hv Avwg Rvwb bv|
gviMi WvK bj coe
dvq`v t gviM dikZv `Lj WvK ZvB G mgq Avjvn ZvAvjvi
AbyMn cv_bv Kiv DwPZ|
fmmi

fmmi
f i f mmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi KvQ Zvgvi AbyMn cv_bv KiwQ|
(mnxn eyLvix, L. 4, c. 128, nv`xm bs 3303, wnmb nvmxb, c. 260)
Mvav I KzKzii wPrKvi bj coe

dvq`v t Mvav I KzKzi kqZvb `L wPrKvi Ki ZvB G mgq Avjvn
ZvAvjvi Avkq cv_bv Kiv DwPZ| (kim mybvn wjj evMex, L. 5, c.
127)
fmif
9fi
f i 0fi
i fmm
mi

A_ t Avwg weZvwoZ kqZvb _K Avjvni Avkq cv_bv KiwQ| (mnxn
eyLvix, L. 4, c. 128, nv`xm bs 3303, wnmb nvmxb, c. 260)
ivM Avmj coe

fmif
9fi
i fmmmi
f i 0fi

A_ t Avwg weZvwoZ kqZvb _K Avjvni Avkq cv_bv KiwQ| (mnxn
eyLvix, L. 4, c. 124, nv`xm bs 3282, mnxn gymwjg, L. 4, c. 2015, nv`xm bs

2610)
Ai ewk IqvmIqvmv Avmj coe

K f i fmif
fmmi
9fi
i fmmmi
f i 0fi

A_ t Avwg weZvwoZ kqZvb I Zvi dZbv _K Avjvni cvbvn
PvwQ| (wnmb nvmxb, c. 269)
wnmby` `yAv 149

Kvb wRwbmi ga Af aviYv Kij coe
J
J
3 J
3
fi
i J
i
i J
i fmmi
A_ t n Avjvn! Zvgvi `qv KjvY Qvov Avi Kvb KjvY bB Ges

Zvgvi `qv AKjvY Qvov Avi Kvb AKjvY bB| Avi Zzwg eZxZ
Kvb gve~` bB| (gymbv` Avngv`, L. 2, c. 220, nv`xm bs 7045)
Kviv MxeZ Ki _vKj Zvi Rb `yAvq gvMwdivZ Kie
dvq`v t Kviv wcV wcQb MxeZ (wb`v-e`bvgx) Ki _vKj Gi
Kvd&dviv nj, Zvi KvQ gv Pq bqv| AZtci Zvi Rb `yAvq
gvMwdivZ Kiv| Kbbv GUv KKzj Bev`, Avi KKzj Bev` ay
ZvIev Kij gvd nq bv| hZY bv ev`vni nK Av`vq Kiv nq
wKsev gv PvIqv nq|
fi
f m i fmmi
E fmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avgvì Ges Zvi (MxeZKZ ewi) bvn mg~n
gv Ki| (Av`-`vIqvZzj Kvexi wjj evqnvKx, L. 2, c. 213, nv`xm bs 575)
Kvb gymjgvbK Mvwj w`q _vKj Zvi Rb `yAv Kie
dvq`v t fyjekZ Kvb gymjgvbK Mvwj w`j AekB Zvi KvQ gv
Pq wbe Ges Zvi Rb wbgewYZ `yAv Kie|
f if
3 fm i fi fEmsmi f+i fi f+mi fmifi fmmi
mm i .fi fmi fbifi fEi fi9
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg h gywgbK Mvwj w`qwQ Zv Zvi Rb
wKqvgZi w`b Zvgvi bKU jvfi Amxjv evbvI| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 4, c.
2007, nv`xm bs 2601)
`y cwZekxi Awb _K ivi `yAv

fmmi
fi & fmi
i fi & fmi
3
f if
f mmi fi & fmi
. fi fi f i 9fi
f if
i
mmi = a & fmi
if
i fi & fmi
=f
f
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU Avkq PvB g` w`b, g` ivZ,
g` mgq, g` mv_x Ges emevmi vb g` cwZekx _K|
(Zeivbx, L. 17, c. 294, nv`xm bs 14498)
wnmby` `yAv 150

KxU-cZ _K iv cvIqvi `yAv
^fmmi

0
i 9fi
A_ t Avjvn ZvAvjvi mKj m eyi Awb _K Avwg Zuvi Kvjgv
mg~ni Avkq MnY KiwQ| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 4, c. 2081, nv`xm bs
2709)
mvc-weQz `skb Kij coe

KvDK mvc, weQz wKsev Kvb welv cvYx `skb Kij mvZ evi m~iv
dvZnv co mLvb dzuK w`q wè| BbkvAvjvn ivMx my nq
hve| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 7, c. 133, nv`xm bs 5749)
Avw_K mgmv I `vwi`Zv `~ix KiYi `yAv
dvq`v t hw` Kvb ewi Avw_K mgmv, `vwi`Zv I gyLvcwZv `Lv
`q, m hb Ni _K ei nIqvi mgq G `yAv covi Afvm Ki
bq| Zvi Avw_K mgmv I `vwi`Zv `~i nq hve| (Bebym mybx, c.
170-171, nv`xm bs 350)
f3 $ 0
fmi
fmmi
1fi
f

f
1 =fi
i = fmmi
3 mf
i
mi
fi
fmmi
1 =fi
fm
^f
i fi f mm
mi
mi fi Jifi
fi
f 3 i

A_ t Avgvi bdmi Dci, gvj I xbi ga Avjvni bvgi eiKZ
nvK| n Avjvn! AvgvK Zvgvi dqmvjvq my ivL Ges Avgvi
Rb hv Zzwg wbaviY Ki iLQ ZvZ eiKZ `vI| hvZ Avwg
wejw^Z wRwbmK Awej^ Avi Awej^ wRwbmK wej^ bv PvB|
FY _K gyw I nvjvj DcvRbi `yAv
cvnvo cwigvY FY njI Avjvn ZvAvjv cwikva Ki wèb|
fm i fmm
fi
m i f
i f i fi
fm i f
i fif
m i fmmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! nvivg Qvov nvjvjKB Avgvi Rb h_ Ki `vI
Ges Zvgvi AbyMn viv Zzwg Qvov evKx mewKQy _K Avgvi Afve
gy Ki `vI| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 560, nv`xm bs 3563, gymbv`
Avngv`, L. 1, c. 153, nv`xm bs 1318)
wnmby` `yAv 151

FY cwikva I `ywv `~i nIqvi `yAv
fmmi
f i 9fi f m " i f m m i fi f i 9fi fm i f mi fi f i 9fi
3
8f
f m m fi f i 9fi f m m i
if i f m i f i fi
mi fi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg mKj cKvi `ywv I cikvbx _K Zvgvi
Avkq MnY KiwQ, AgZv I AjmZv _K Zvgvi Avkq MnY KiwQ,
KvcyilZv I KcYZv _K Zvgvi Avkq MnY KiwQ Ges FYi evSv
I gvbyli AZvPvi _K Zvgvi Avkq MnY KiwQ| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L.
6, c. 352, nv`xm bs 15519)
FY cwikva I cqvRb c~iY nIqvi `yAv

fbif
fEm)m
fEmif i fmb i
fEifm i fmbi9 1 fi fmmi
i fmbi
i
3
;
f i fi= fi fm mif i fmm)m
f ifi fi
i ( fi 3 fmifi
m i
A_ t n Avjvn! n `qvevbì `qvevb! gv eZxZ Avgvi Kvb
bvn Aewk iLv bv| Kvb `ytL-e`bv `~i Kiv Qvov iL wÌ bv|
Kvb FY cwikva Kiv Qvov iL wÌ bv Ges `ywbqv I AvwLivZi
Kvb cqvRb c~iY Kiv Qvov iL wÌ bv| (Avj-gyRvgyj AvImvZ, L.
3, c. 358, nv`xm bs 3398)
FYM ew hb G `yAvI co
f i fi
i 9fi
f m " i fi 0f
A_ t Avwg Avjvni Avkq MnY KiwQ Kzdix _K I FY _K|
(mybvb bvmvqx, L. 4, c. 453, nv`xm bs 7908)
FY Av`vqi mgq FYx ewi Rb `yAv Kie

dvq`v t hLb Kvb FYx ew nZ wbRi FY Av`vq Kie (c`
FYi UvKv eyS cve) ZLb Zvi Rb wbgv `yAv Kie|
f
0

fi
q mi
wnmby` `yAv 152

A_ t Zzwg Avgvi FY cwikva KiQ| Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvgvi mwnZ
^xq Iqv`v c~Y Kib| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 3, c. 117, nv`xm bs 2393)
`ywv-cikvbx I wecì mgq covi `yAv
1| h Kvb `ywv I wecì mgq G `yAv coe|
f
f i fmi
fmmi
a xfi
L fmi
f i fmi
+ fmmi
3
) i fi fmi
a 8f$
K fmmi
m
fmi
fE mmm$
a fEmif
fi
fi
fifmi
i fmmi

fi
L f i i f mmi
fi
fmmi
K ^f
fmmi
fmmm
fi fi
b
i fmi
ifmi
a fi
fm$
i 3f m i fmm
f
=
i &fi
_f
mi
=fi
mi fmi
f
i Gfi9
f
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Avcbvi Mvjvg, Avcbvi Mvjvgi mvb Ges
Avcbvi euv`xi mvb| Avgvi Kcvj (fvM) AvcbviB nvZ| Avgvi
mg AwZ Kej AvcbviB Kzg Pj| Avgvi evcvi Avcbvi
hveZxq dqmvjv mwVK| n Avjvn! Avwg Avcbvi cZK H bvgi
Amxjvq cv_bv Kwi h bvg Avcwb wbRi Rb cQ` KiQb, A_ev
Avcbvi cwe Kvjvg bvwhj KiQb, A_ev Avcbvi mw RMZi
KvDK wkv w`qQb, A_ev Avcbvi Bjg Mvqei ga iL
w`qQb, mB bvgi Amxjvq Avcwb Avgvi AiK gnvb KziAvb
viv AvjvwKZ Ki w`b, Avgvi PvL b~i w`b, Avgvi `ytL-K mwiq
w`b Ges Avgvi wPv-fvebv `~i Ki w`b| (gymvbvd Beb Avex kvBevn,
L. 10, c. 253, nv`xm bs 29930)
2| Kvb wec` cwZZ nj ev AvksKv `Lv w`j AwaK cwigvY

coe|
fmm\fi
f $ f mi
0

fi
fmsmi
fmi
0
A_ t Avjvn cvK Avgvì Rb h_, Avi Dg Kgmv`bKvix,
Avjvni cwZ Avgiv c~Y fimv Kijvg| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 4, c. 620, nv`xm
bs 2431)
wnmby` `yAv 153

3| `ywv ev wec` cwZZ nj G `yAv coe|
G=
3 f mmmi
3 fmmm
mi
G=
fi
fi
f3 i
f
i fmmmi
0
0
0
f if " i f
G=
3
mi
G=
x=
^fmmi
A_ t Avjvn Qvov Kvb gve~` bB, whwb mnbkxj| Avjvn Qvov Kvb
gve~` bB, whwb gnvb Aviki gvwjK| Avjvn Qvov Kvb gve~` bB,
whwb Avmgvb I hgxb mg~ni gvwjK Ges ghv`vmb Aviki gvwjK|
4| `ywv I ivM-kvK cwZZ nj ewk ewk G `yAv coe|

0fi
8fi
(fi

A_ t Avjvn eZxZ Avi KviI Kvb gZv bB|
5| h Kvb QvU-eo wec` cwZZ nj G `yAv coe|
fmmi
3 fi
fi F
a f
f
mi
i fmmi
fmi
Ji
3 fmi=
sm
b 1 f mi
AekB Zuvi wbKU cZveZbKvix| n Avjvn! Avgvi G wec` Zzwg
AvgvK cwZ`vb `vI Ges cwieZ AvgvK Gi Pq Dg e`jv `vb
Ki| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 2, c. 631, nv`xm bs 918)
wec`M ew G `yAv coe

fi
3 fE m\ fi 1 f mi ;
m ii fi fi= fmmi= fmmi
3
L $ fifi f
m i 13 f
f
i
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi ingZ Kvgbv Kwi| myZivs Zzwg AvgvK
PvLi cjK cwigvYI wbRi Dci b Ki bv| Avgvi mKj Aevi
mskvab Ki `vI| Zzwg Qvov Kvb gve~` bB| (Avj-Av`veyj gydiv`
wjjmnxn eyLvix, L. 1, c. 244, nv`xm bs 701)
wnmby` `yAv 154
Avjvni wbKU Avkq PvIqv

wec` I `yfvM _K wndvhZi `yAv
dvq`v t H wec`K ejv nq, hvi Ki KviY gvbyl gZz
Kvgbv Ki| ZvB Gic wec` _K euvPvi Rb me`v wbgv `yAv
Kiv DwPZ|
fmmi
=
& f$
& fmmi
& fmmi
& fmi
fifmi
& fi
fi f i 9fi
fmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg wecì K, `yfvMi AvgY, fvMi g`Zv

I wec` ki nuvmv _K Zvgvi Avkq PvB| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 8, c.
126, nv`xm bs 6616)
wbqvgZ asm nIqv _K cvbvn PvIqv

fmmi
f m m i fm mm i ( &fmi fm )i f$ 8 f mi fm mm i 8
fi f i9fi
3
fm mi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi cvbvn PvB (Avgvi cwZ) Zvgvi
bqvgZi nvmcvw, Zvgvi kvwi weeZb, Zvgvi kvwi nVvr
AvgY Ges Zvgvi mg Amvl _K| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 4, c.
2097, nv`xm bs 2739)
PviwU wRwbm _K cvbvn PvIqv

fmmi
fm m i fLm i fi fm m i f
L mi fi fm m i fLm $ fi f i 9fi
3
fmi Gf
mm m i (Lfi fi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi cvbvn PvB H vb _K hv (AvZvi)
DcKvi Avm bv| H Ai _K hv (AvjvnK) fq Ki bv| H gb
_K hv KLbI cwiZ nq bv Ges H `yAv _K hv Keyj nq bv|
wnmby` `yAv 155

cuvPwU wRwbm _K cvbvn PvIqv
fmmi
e
mi G
f$ = fmi
f mqi f m m i & fi f m m i
mi fi f i 9fi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi cvbvn PvB KvcyilZv, KcYZv, eqmi
g`Zv, Aii dZbv Ges Keii Avhve _K| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L.
1, c. 481, nv`xm bs 1539)
Avgji Awb _K wndvhZi `yAv

fmmi
fm i fi fi f i fi f
mm i fi f i fi f i 9fi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU cvbvn PvB Zvi Awb _K hv

Avwg KiwQ Ges hv Avwg Kwiwb Zvi Awb _K| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 4,
c. 2085, nv`xm bs 2716)
Kvb, PvL BZvwì Awb _K cvbvn PvIqv

fmmi
f
f m i f i fi f
mi f i fi fm i f i fi _
3
m i f i fi f i 9fi
f
i f i fi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU cvbvn PvB Avgvi Kvbi
AcKvwiZv, Avgvi PvLi AcKvwiZv, Avgvi wRnvi AcKvwiZv,
Avgvi gbi AcKvwiZv I exhi (jvvbi) AcKvwiZv _K|
cKvk I Mvcb dZbv _K cvbvn PvIqv

fm i fi fmmi fm i fi
i 9fi

m i fi 0f
A_ t Avwg Avjvni wbKU cvbvn PvB mg cKvk I Mvcb dZbv

_K| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 4, c. 2199, nv`xm bs 2867)
bdvK I KzPwi _K euP _vKvi `yAv

fmmi
{ fi & fi {f
fi f i 9fi
{f
m mi
mmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU mZi weivPiY, bdvK Ges
wnmby` `yAv 156

KzPwi _K cvbvn PvB| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c. 482, nv`xm bs
1546)
KzPwi _K euP _vKvi `yAv

fmmi
f i fEi fi fmi fi f i 9fi
fmi fi f ifmm i fi f i 9fi fm m mi
3
fifmm i f
m i
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU cvbvn PvB zav _K, Kbbv GUv
gvbyli KZ bv g` mv_x Ges Avwg Zvgvi wbKU cvbvn PvB
wekvmNvZKZv _K, Kbbv GUv KZ bv g` Mvcb Pwi| (mybvb Ave~
`vD`, L. 1, c. 483, nv`xm bs 1547)
Mvcbxq wkiK _K wndvhZi `yAv

dvq`v t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb t wkiK
Avgvi DvZi ga Kvjv c_ii Dci wcucovi Pvji PqI my|
Gi viv AbK Kg jvKB euvPZ cvi| ZvB Gic wkiK _K euvPvi
Rb cZK w`b wZb evi G `yAv cvV Kie|
fmmi
f m$ fm i fm m m i f m$ fi f i f i f i 9fi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Rb-b Zvgvi mv_ KvDK kixK Kiv
_K Zvgvi Avkq PvB Ges Avwg Zvgvi KvQ H welq gv PvB hv
Avwg Rvwb bv| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 3, c. 857, nv`xm bs 7503)
kqZvbi _K Avjvni cvbvn PvIqv
fmif
fm
i fmmmi
f i f
mmi
3mi
A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK iv Ki weZvwoZ kqZvb _K| (mybvb
Beb gvRvn, L. 1, c. 494, nv`xm bs 773)
wRb _K wndvhvZi `yAv

dvq`v t Kvb mdi GKwU wRb h~i mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi
wcQb jvMj h, ZuvK AwMwkLv w`q Rvwjq wè| wReixj (Av.)I
h~i mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi mv_ wQj| wZwb ejjb t Avwg
wnmby` `yAv 157

AvcbvK wKQz evK wkwLq `B, mjv co wbb| h~i mvjvjv
AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejb t hLbB Avwg G Kvwjgvwj cojvg
wRbi Avb wbf Mj Ges m fyU nq co Mj| AZGe hw`
Kvb ew G `yAvwU cvewì mv_ co Kvb wRb Zvi wZ KiZ
cvie bv|
fi f+ i fi f+ i f i fm
^fifmi
^fm
fifi
9fi

0
mi i fif
i B fi
" i 0
m i fi f i x=
mi
|f
a =9
fi f i
fi f i & fmmi
|f
f i 8 i
fi f i fmmi
b =fmmi
fi Jm
m i fi=fi
{=fi
i
i {f

f i =fmmi
f mmi
f mmi
f i fmmi
fmi
3 =
A_ t Avwg `qvjy Avjvni mvi Avkq MnY KiwQ Ges Avjvni c~Y
evK mg~ni Avkq MnY KiwQ hwj AwZg Kivi gZv fvj-g`
Kvb jvKi bvB| Avwg cvbvn PvB H Awbmg~n _K hv AvKvk
_K AeZxY nq Ges hv AvKvk DV; hv wKQz hgxb mw nq Ges hv
hgxb _K ei nq; ivZ-w`bi dZbv _K Ges ivZ-w`bi fvj
wRwbm AvMgbKvix eZxZ Abvb AvMgbKvix _K| (gyqvv Bgvg
gvwjK, L. 2, c. 950, nv`xm bs 1705)
mKj mwi AcKvwiZv _K Avjvni Avkq MnY Kiv

dvq`v t nhiZ Kve Avnevi (iv.) GKRb ` B`x Avjg wQjb|
nhiZ Dgi (iv.) Gi Avgj wZwb gymjgvb nqQb| wZwb ejQb t
hw` Avwg G evKwj bv coZvg, Zvnj B`xiv AvgvK wbq Mvav
evwbq w`Z A_vr Acgvb KiZ A_ev gv_v b Kwiq w`Z|
0
f
^fmmi
fifi
9fi
i fmi fmi &+*
f i f mm mi 0
f) i _

i ^fifmi
f i f i f m$ fi fi fmmi f

& fmif i f+ i fi f+ i f i fm
i
m m$ fi f3m m i 0
fi =9
f mi fi
A_ t Avwg gnvb Avjvni mvi Avkq MnY KiwQ hvi Acv gnvb
Avi KD bB Ges Avjvni c~Y evK mg~ni Avkq MnY KiwQ hwj
wnmby` `yAv 158

AwZg Kivi gZv fvj-g` Kvb jvKi bvB| AviI Avwg Avkq
MnY KiwQ Avjvni Dg bvg mg~ni, hv Avwg Rvwb Avi hv Avwg Rvwb
bv, Zuvi mwi AcKvwiZv _K hvì wZwb mw KiQb I RMZ
Qwoq iLQb| (gyqvv Bgvg gvwjK, L. 2, c. 951, nv`xm bs 1707)
mg Lvivc ivM _K cvbvn PvIqv
fmmi
.f
mi & f i fi .
fmi fmmi e
3
i fi f i 9fi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi cvbvn PvB kZivM, cvMjvgx, KzivM

Ges Lvivc ivM mg~n _K| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c. 484, nv`xm bs
1554)
e` Lvqk _K cvbvn PvIqv
fmmi
& fi 8f
" m i fi f i 9fi
mi { fi ^f

A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi cvbvn PvB KzPwi, e` Avgj I Lvivc
AvKvLv _K| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 575, nv`xm bs 3591)
Aii Awb _K wndvhZi `yAv

f
f i= f
m m i fmmi
3
m i f i fi f $ _
A_ t n Avjvn! Avgvi Ai mrc_i mvb `vI Ges AvgvK

Avgvi Aii Awb _K cvbvn `vI| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 539,
nv`xm bs 3524)
Afve I Acgvb _K wndvhZi `yAv

fmmi
f mi f mi fi f i 9fi f ifi
f mm i f m m i fi f i 9fi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU cvbvn PvB `wi`Zv, (mì)

^Zv I Acgvb _K Ges Avwg Gi _K cvbvn PvB h, Avwg
AZvPvi Kwi ev AZvPvwiZ nB| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c. 482, nv`xm
bs 1544)
wnmby` `yAv 159

cigyLvcx bv nIqvi `yAv
fmmi

_
fi fi _
fmi f mmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU cv_bv Kwi, Avwg Ges Avgvi
AvZxq-^Rbiv hb KLbv cigyLvcx bv nB| (Zeivbx, L. 22, c.
329, nv`xm bs 18680)
jvf-jvjmv _K wndvhZi `yAv

fmmi
fLmi
fi fLmmi
J
fi fLm i 13 _
fi f i 9fi
i fLmi
a fLmi
fm
3
fmmi

fmi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU cvbvn PvB jvjmv _K hv
gvbylK `vli w`K wbq hvq| Avi Ggb jvjmv _K hvZ jvf
Kiv wVK bq Ges Ggb jvjmv _K hv jvfi ey bq| (`vIqvZzj
Kvexi wjjevqnvKx, L. 1, c. 449, nv`xm bs 337)
Amnvq Aevi gZz _K wndvhZi `yAv

fmmi
{ fm i fi f i 9fi _
i
3
fi f i 9fi . fmi fi f i 9fi
fi 9fi ^ fmi fmi f

f
mmmi
m m m m i f i 9fi . fm i { fm i
fmbif i ^fi f i 9fi fb ifi fm ms i a ^fi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU Avkq PvB (Avgvi Dci) wKQz
am covi _K, Avwg Zvgvi wbKU Avkq PvB Dci _K co
hvIqvi _K, Avwg Zvgvi wbKU Avkq PvB cvwbZ Wyev, Avbv
cvov I evaK _K| Avwg Zvgvi wbKU Avkq PvB gZzKvj
kqZvb hb AvgvK Mvgivn bv Ki, Avwg Zvgvi wbKU Avkq PvB
hb Avwg Zvgvi ivvq wcV w`q bv gwi Ges Avwg Zvgvi wbKU
Avkq PvB hb `swkZ nq bv gwi| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c. 482,
nv`xm bs 1544)
wnmby` `yAv 160

Kei I Rvbvgi Avhve _K gywi `yAv
fmmi
^fmmi
f i =fmi

9fi
fmm
Gf$
f i emi
fi fi
mi
3
Gf$
fmqi
8fifi
f i
fmqi
f mmmi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU Avkq cv_bv Kwi Keii Avhve
_K, Rvnvbvgi Avhve _K, RxweZ I gZì dZbv _K Ges
`vvji dZbv _K| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 2, c. 99, nv`xm bs 1377)
Rvnvbvg _K gywi `yAv
dvq`v t hLb Kvb ew wZbevi Rvnvbvg _K gyw Pvq, ZLb
Rvnvbvg ej, n Avjvn! Zzwg ZvK Rvnvbvgi Avb _K gyw
`vI| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 4, c. 699, nv`xm bs 2572) ZvB G `yAv
wZbevi coe fmmi
fmmi
f$ fi f i 9fi
3
G
A_ev
fmmi
=f
G
f$ fi f i 9fi
3
mi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Rvnvbvgi Avbi kvw _K Zvgvi Avkq
PvB| (mybvb bvmvqx, L. 4, c. 454, nv`xm bs 7912)
bdmi cweZv Pq `yAv
fifi fmm i f
fmi f
i fif \ fi J
i fmi fi
m i f i G =
i f
A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! Zzwg Avgvi bdmi ZvKIqv I cweZv
`vb Ki Ges ZzwgB mevg cweKvix| Kbbv ZzwgB Zvi (bdmi)
gvwjK I Zvi gvIjv| (gymbv` Avngv`, L. 6, c. 209, nv`xm bs 25798)
wnmby` `yAv 161
evcK ev c~Y `yAv ()

mevg evcK I c~Y `yAv
dvq`v t nhiZ Ave~ Dgvgv (iv.) ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv
mvjvg Gi wbKU Avih Kijb, Bqv ivm~jvjvn&! Avcwb AvgvìK
AbKwj `yAv wkwLqQb wKy Avgiv mewj `yAv gb ivLZ cvwi
bv| ZLb h~i mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejjb t ZvgvìK
Ggb GKwU `yAv wkwLq `B, h `yAvq Avgvi mKj `yAv Afy
iqQ Ges wbgewYZ `yAvwU wkv w`qQb| G `yAvZ ivm~jyjvn
mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi 23 eQii mg `yAv Afy
AvQ|
mfmi fm
m$ 0
s i f mi f ifi fi J
+ i fm
i fi f mmmi fi fm
f i fmm
m3i
fi fmi

m$ 0
s i f mi 9fmmi
9fmi
+ i fm
f i fmm
fm
fi f i fi fi
i
Ff
3 i (f
ffmi f m m$ f
8fi
mmmmi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi KvQ H mKj gj cv_bv KiwQ hv
Zvgvi KvQ Zvgvi bex gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg cv_bv
KiQb Ges Avwg Zvgvi Avkq cv_bv KiwQ H mKj Agj _K
hvi _K Zvgvi bex gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Zvgvi
Avkq cv_bv KiQb| Ges ZzwgB GKgv mvnvhKvix Ges Zvgvi
wRvq ay cuQvbv| Avjvni gZv I kw eZxZ Ab Kvb gZv
I kw bB| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 537, nv`xm bs 3521)
`ywbqv-AvwLivZi mg KjvYi Rb `yAv
fmi 1 f mi _fi fmmi fi _f i f i 1 f mi fmmi
*f

mi fmmi f

3
i _

mmi f m i _
f m i J
mi fmmi
i (f
L i f \ a 1 (bf
f
f
i B fi 3 1 f mi
fL i f \ fi 1 fbi

= ^fmi
wnmby` `yAv 162

A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg Avgvi xbK wVK Ki `vI hv Avgvi KgK
cwe Ki wè; Avgvi `ywbqv wVK Ki `vI hvZ iqQ Avgvi
Rxeb; Avgvi ciKvj wVK Ki `vI hvZ iqQ Avgvi cZveZb Ges
Avgvi nvqvZK ew Ki cZK KjvYKi KvR, Avi gDZK Avgvi
Rb kvwîc Ki `vI cZK AKjvY _K| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 4,
c. 2087, nv`xm bs 2720)
KziAvb, mybvn I wdKni Bjg PvIqv

i Gfm"
f ifi
fmmm
a f
mmi
3
i f m m$ fmmi
A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK wKZve (KziAvb), wnKgvn (mybvn) I
kixAvZ (wdKvn) Gi Bjg `vb Ki| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 1, c. 26, nv`xm bs
75 _K msMwnZ)
Bjg viv mvnvh Kvgbv Kiv

f mi fmif i f
i f
mm i _f3mmif
i f i f mm if i f
i f mm if i f
i fmmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK Bjg viv mvnvh Ki, mnbkxjZv I vbMvxhZv viv mymwZ Ki, Lv`vfxwZ viv mvwbZ Ki Ges myZv
viv AjsKZ Ki| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 2, c. 274, nv`xm bs 3663)
wn`vqZcvx I AgyLvcxZvi `yAv
fmmi
f3m i f
m mi f3m i _f3mi f mmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU wn`vqZ, cinhMvix, bvn _K

euP _vKv Ges gvbyl _K AgyLvcxZv (A_ev mì cvPzhZv)
cv_bv KiwQ| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 4, c. 2087, nv`xm bs 2721)
^v, cinhMvix, AvgvbZ, Dg Pwi I fvM mywi `yAv
fmmi
fm
mi

=fmifi
fmmi
fifi
3
fi f i f mmi f mi
f mmi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Avcbvi wbKU myZv, cweZv, wbivcv, myì
^fve Ges ZvK`xi Dci my _vKvi ZvIdxK PvB| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L.
2, c. 270, nv`xm bs 3650)
wnmby` `yAv 163

gv, `qv, wn`vqZ I wiwhK Gi Rb `yAv
f
f
fi
f
=
i =
if$
mi
3
1 f m i fmmi
A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK gv Ki| Avgvi cwZ `qv Ki| AvgvK
wn`vqZ Ki| AvgvK gvd Ki| AvgvK wiwhK `vb Ki| (mybvb Ave~
`vD`, L. 1, c. 286, nv`xm bs 850, wgkKvZzj gvmvexn, L. 1, c. 196, nv`xm
bs 900)
xbi Dci AUj _vKvi `yAv

fmmi
fmi
f3 $ f
Gf
mmi
mi fmi
fi
A_ t n Ai cwieZbKvix! Avgvi AiK Avcbvi xbi c_ my`p
ivLyb| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 538, nv`xm bs 3522)
AvbyMZi ZvIdxK Pq `yAv
fm if
f m i fmmi
f i G f mmi
i f3$ fmifmi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avgvì AiK Avcbvi AvbyMZi w`K wdiq
w`b| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 4, c. 2045, nv`xm bs 2654)
`ywbqv I AvwLivZi KjvY Pq `yAv
(f
i fmm\
fmmi
f mi
i 3 Gf$
_f
fmi
=fi
i f i fif
fi
3
a fmqmif$
A_ t n Avjvn! hveZxq KvR-Kg Avgvì cwiYvg fvj Ki w`b
Ges AvgvìK `ywbqvi jvbv I AvwLivZi Avhve _K iv
Kib| (mvnxn Beb wnevb, L. 3, c. 229, nv`xm bs 949)
ah, kvKi, wbR `wZ QvU Ges Abì `wZ eoZi `yAv
fmi
=fmi
fmmi
;$
) $ a f
mm i =fmi
mmi
mmi
3
a Jmi
b f
b f
b f
Jmi
b
A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK AwaK cwigvY ahaviYKvix I kvKi
wnmby` `yAv 164

Av`vqKvix evbvI| AvgvK Avgvi wbR `wZ QvU Ges gvbyli
`wZ eo evwbq `vI| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 2, c. 278, nv`xm bs 3675)
bK ev`vì ^fvi PvIqv
f
fi 9 f
fmmi
9 fifi
fmmi
f i f
mmi
3
m mmi
mmmi
A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK Zvì AMZ Ki, hviv hLb fvj KvR Ki

Lykx nq Ges hLb g` KvR Ki gv Pvq| (mybvb Beb gvRvn, L. 5,
c. 721, nv`xm bs 3820)
c~Yv Cgvb I wbqvgZ jvfi `yAv

fmmi
i f mmi

0
b f mmi
fmif
fmmmi
i fifmi
L i fm)mi
f i fmm
b fif
3
fmm
m$
fmm
i fi=
f3$ a fmi
i fmi
fm
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU Ggb Cgvb PvwQ hv KLbI
cwieZb nq bv Avi Ggb wbqvgZ PvwQ hv KLbI kl nq bv| Ges
DP kYx I wPivqx RvbvZ ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg
Gi mv_x nZ PvB| (mybvb bvmvqx, L. 6, c. 217, nv`xm bs 10705)
Cgvb I BqvKxb ewi `yAv

fmmi

fi f
i fmb)m i f
mi fi fmi fbifmi f mmi
s m m i fEi f m$ f 3 i fibf
3
mmi fm i f mmm mi fi fib= 1 f
mqi
1 f
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU Cgvb PvB hv Avgvi Ai e`g~j
nq hvq| mZ BqvKxb PvB hvZ Avgvi wekvm nq hvq h, Zzwg
Avgvi Rb hv wjLQ Zv Qvov wKQzB Avgvi wbKU cuQZ cvi bv
Ges Zvgvi myw PvB H ebKZ wRwbmi mv_ hv Zzwg Avgvi Rb
eb KiQ| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 2, c. 272, nv`xm bs 3657)
Avjvni kvKi Av`vq Kivi ZvIdxK PvIqv
fm) i fm i fmm i fm i fi 9 fm i fm i fm i f
mm i fmmi
3
wnmby` `yAv 165

A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK Gic Ki hvZ mvbi mv_ Zvgvi kvKi
Av`vq KiZ cvwi, ewk ewk Zvgvi whKi KiZ cvwi| Zvgvi
Dc`k cvjb KiZ cvwi Ges Zvgvi Kzg iv KiZ cvwi| (Rvg
eZgvb I fwelZi KjvY Pq `yAv

fmmi
K 3 fmif$
K fm\
K Jm

9fi
mf m$ fi
fmm$
fmi
fi fmi
i f i f mmi
3
fi
K 3 fmif$
K fm\
K f mi
f m$ fi
f i fi

fmm$
fmi
fi fmi
fi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Avcbvi wbKU hveZxq KjvY PvB hv eZgvbI
fvj fwelZI fvj; hv Avwg Rvwb wKsev Rvwb bv| n Avjvn! Avwg
Avcbvi cvbvn PvB hveZxq Awb _K hv eZgvbI g` fwelZI
g`; hv Avwg Rvwb wKsev Rvwb bv| (mybvb Beb gvRvn, L. 5, c. 17,
nv`xm bs 3846)
mKj gj cv_bv Kiv

J
fi fE m\ fmmi fi fmmi
fE m\ fmm i fi fE m\ fmmi fi fE m\ fm mi
3
mi f mi
fE m\ fi fi fi fmi fE m\
fK m\ f mi
fi fi
9fi fE m\ J
mi f mmi
A_ t n Avjvn! AvcbviB mg cksmv, mKj KZZv Ges mKj
ivRZ AvcbviB Rb| Avcbvi mKj mw AvcbviB Aaxb, mKj
KjvY AvcbviB wbqY Ges cZveZbI nq mewKQz Avcbvi w`K|
Avwg Avcbvi KvQ cv_bv Kwi mKj gj Avi mecKvi Agj _K
cvbvn PvB| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 8, c. 337, nv`xm bs 22551)
^v, Cgvb I Avjvni myw Kvgbvi `yAv
fmmi
b i f mmi

fibfi fEmm qi fif
b fmi
L a fm
b mi fLmi f m i a fifmi
3
fbifi= fmi (bfm m i fbmi f$ fmi fbmi=
wnmby` `yAv 166

A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Ggb myZv cv_bv KiwQ hv Cgvbi mv_ nq
_vK| Ggb Cgvb cv_bv KiwQ hv Dg Pwii mv_ nq _vK; Avi
mdjZv hvi ci Zzwg AvgvK (AvLivZI) mdj Kie Ges Zvgvi
`qv, myZv, gvMwdivZ I Zvgvi myw cv_bv KiwQ| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L.
2, c. 272, nv`xm bs 3656)
Avjvni myw I RvbvZ jvfi `yAv

fmmi

f mmi
fmm
i fi=
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU Zvgvi myw I enkZ Kvgbv

KiwQ|
RvbvZyj wdi`vDm jvfi `yAv

dvq`v t hLb Kvb ew wZbevi RvbvZ Kvgbv Ki, ZLb RvbvZ
wbRB ej, n Avjvn! Zzwg ZvK RvbvZ cek Ki| (Rvg
wZiwghx, L. 4, c. 699, nv`xm bs 2572) ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv
AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb, hLb Zvgiv Avjvni KvQ RvbvZ PvBe
Zv RvbvZzj wdi`vDm PvBe|
fmmi
f mmi

f
fmi
mi
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi KvQ RvbvZzj wdi`vDm Kvgbv KiwQ|
(mnxn eyLvix, L. 4, c. 16, nv`xm bs 2790 _K msMwnZ)
c~ei-cii I cKvk-AcKvk bvn gvdi `yAv

fmi
fmifi
fmi
fm\fi
m$ fmi
fm
fmmi
fi
fmi
fm
3 fi
mi fi
3
fi
i fi
i fi
fi
^=f
^f
fifi
.fmmi
fm
m$ fi
fi 1 f m ifi fmifi

fi

3 fi fmi
fi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg ZvgviB wbKU AvZmgcY KiwQ, ZvgviB
cwZ Cgvb GbwQ, ZvgviB Dci fimv KiwQ, ZvgviB w`K
cZveZb KiwQ, ZvgviB mvnvh (k mb) hywSqwQ Ges ZvgviB
wbKU wePvi cv_bv KiwQ| AvgvK gv Ki hv Avwg c~e KiwQ Ges
wnmby` `yAv 167

hv Avwg ci KiwQ, hv Avwg AcKvk KiwQ Ges hv Avwg cKvk
KiwQ| ZzwgB AMMvgx Ki Ges ZzwgB cvZMvgx Ki| (mnxn eyLvix, L.
2, c. 48, nv`xm bs 1120)
Avjvni b~i Pq `yAv

f i =f
a
fm
=fi
=fi
mi
a
mi a f mi
) m i f i =fi
mi
mi
b i f
b f
b _f
b f
=bfi
=fi
=fi
=fi
i
mi =f
1 f mi
m i =fi
b f
b i fi
b f
b fi
b _=fm
A_ t n Avjvn! Avcwb Avgvi Ai b~i `vb Kib| Avgvi PvL b~i
`vb Kib| Avgvi Kvb b~i `vb Kib| Avgvi Wvb b~i `vb Kib|
Avgvi evg b~i `vb Kib| Avgvi mvgb b~i `vb Kib| Avgvi wcQb
b~i `vb Kib| AvgvK b~i `vb Kib| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 8, c. 69, nv`xm
bs 6316)
Avjvni fq I Bev`vZi ZvIdxK BZvw` Kvgbv Ki `yAv

K 8fmi fi fm )mi fi fm i fm i fmmi
fi fm if
mi ;
i fi fmif
i fmmi fi
3
fmmm i fmifi
^f
m)m i fm) m$ fK i f mi fi ;
m mi fi fm i fK i fmm mmi
fi f3$ fi=f i fm i fm i = fi f mmi
mif i
fmqmmi fi fm if i fi=f
mi fmif
e
fm i a fmqmmm i fm m i
fif
f m m i
$ fi f3$ fifm i fmm mi
i fmifi
fmmifi fi fm) m$ f mmi
fmm m $ f mm i
fmm i
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg AvgvìK H cwigvY Zvgvi fq `vb Ki, hv
viv Zzwg Avgvì ga I Zvgvi bvdigvbxi ga evav mw Kie;
Zvgvi AvbyMZi H cwigvY `vb Ki hv viv Zzwg AvgvìK Zvgvi
RvbvZ cuQve Ges Zvgvi cwZ wekvmi H cwigvY `vb Ki hv viv
Zzwg Avgvì cwZ `ywbqvi wec`mg~n mnR Ki wè| Avjvn!
Avgvì DcKvi mvwaZ Ki Avgvì Kvbi viv, Avgvì PvLi
viv I Avgvì kwi viv, hZw`b Zzwg AvgvìK euvwPq ivL|
wnmby` `yAv 168

Avjvn! Zzwg Avgvì DivwaKvix evKx ivL| Avjvn! Zzwg Avgvì
cwZkvaK mxgve ivL Zvì cwZ hviv Avgvì cwZ Ryjyg KiQ
Ges Avgvì mvnvh Ki Zvì wei hviv Avgvì mv_ kZv
KiQ| Avjvn! Avgvì xb mK AvgvìK Kvb wec` dj
bv Ges `ywbqvK Avgvì cavb wPvi welq I vbi cwimxgv Ki
bv| Avjvn! ZvìK Avgvì cwZ Pvwcq wÌ bv hviv Avgvì cwZ
`qv Kie bv| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 528, nv`xm bs 3502)
m` I mvb AwaK nIqvi `yAv
fm)
i3 fmif
fmmi
fif
fmmi
fmif
fi

m$ f ifi
m i
fmmi
i fmmmmi

3
fmi
fmi=
x=

A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg AvgvìK (KjvYKi wRwbmmg~n) evwoq `vI,
Kwgq wÌ bv| AvgvìK mvwbZ Ki; jvwZ Ki bv| AvgvìK
`vb Ki; ewZ Ki bv| AvgvìK cvavb `vI; Avgvì Dci Ab
KvDK cvavb wÌ bv; AvgvìK my Ki Ges Avgvì cwZ my
nq hvI| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 326, nv`xm bs 3173)
Avjvni myw Pq `yAv
i fmmi
fmi
=fmi
fmmi=
f m mi
x=
fmi
fmi
f m i f mmi
3
fi fmm i fmm
f mi
fm\
fmi

E fmifi
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg Avgvì gv Ki `vI, Avgvì Dci ing
Ki, Avgvì cwZ my nq hvI| Avgvì (Bev`Z) Keyj Ki|
AvgvìK RvbvZ `vwLj Ki I Rvnvbvg _K cwivY `vb Ki Ges
Avgvì mg KvR Ki `vI| (mybvb Beb gvRvn, L. 5, c. 10,
nv`xm bs 3836)
wnmby` `yAv 169

Avjvn ZvAvjvi gneZ cvwi `yAv
fmmi

fmmi
f
i fi fi
f mmi
fm m i fmm
fi
3 mfmi
m m m i _
3
fmi

=f
i f m i
f
mi & fmi fi f
m i fi 1 f
i fm
i 1fi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi KvQ Zvgvi fvjevmv PvB, Avi h
ZvgvK fvjevm Zvi fvjevmv PvB Ges H KvRi kw PvB hv
AvgvK Zvgvi fvjevmvi w`K wbq hve| n Avjvn! Zvgvi
fvjevmvK Avgvi KvQ Avgvi Rvb, Avgvi gvj, Avgvi cwiRb Ges
Vvv cvwbi PqI AwaK wcq Ki| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 522, nv`xm
bs 3490)
KZZv cKvk, Dc`k I Kzg ivi ZvIdxK Pq `yAv

fm) i fm i fmmm m i fm i fi 9 fm i fm i fm i f
mm i fm
3mi
A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK Gic Ki hvZ Avwg mvbi mv_ Zvgvi
KZZv cKvk KiZ cvwi, ewk Ki ZvgvK iY KiZ cvwi,
Zvgvi Dc`k cvjb KiZ cvwi Ges Zvgvi Kzg iv KiZ cvwi|
gybvwdKx, wiqv Ges wg_v _K euvPvi `yAv

fi f
fi f
m i & fif i fi f
m mi
mi fm i fmmi
) $ G f" i fi f
3
m i {f
=fmi
f m i fi ;
$ fm ifi f mmi fi fi f ifmm i
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg Avgvi AiK wbdvK _K, Avgvi KvR
(Avgj) K jvK `Lvbv _K, Avgvi hevbK wg_v _K Ges
Avgvi PzK LqvbZ _K cwe Ki Kbbv Zzwg PvLi wLqvbZ I
Aii Mvcb Lei Rvb| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 2, c. 273, nv`xm bs 3660)
wnmby` `yAv 170

hvwni-evwZbi cweZvi Rb `yAv
fmmi
3 fbm ifi f
3
) if$ fm i f
) if$ fi J

b i B fi f i fm i fmmi

f m m i
8 fmi
B fi fi f ifi fi f mmi
J
mi fi f
mi
f ifi f i 8f
A_ t n Avjvn! Avgvi wfZiK evwni _K Dg Ki Ges evwniK
bK Ki| n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU PvB Zzwg gvbylK hv fvj `vb
KiQ- gvj, cwievi I mvb hv c_ ev c_Kvix bq| (Rvg
DcKvix Bjg Pq `yAv

fmi
8f
fi f
3 fmmi fmbm $ f
L i f \ f3$ F
f
f
m mmi
mm$
qmm$
m mi fmmi
3
=f
i 9fi
f i 8f
i fi 0f
mi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avcwb AvgvK h Bjg `vb KiQb Zv viv AvgvK
DcKZ Kib, AvgvK GgbB Bjg `vb Kib hv Avgvi DcKvi
Avme Ges Avgvi vb ew Ki| cZK Aevq Avjvni kvKi
(cksmv) Ges Avwg Avjvni wbKU cvbvn PvB `vhLevmxì Aev
_K| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 578, nv`xm bs 3599)
fvj KvR Kivi I Lvivc KvR _K euP _vKvi ZvIdxK PvIqv

fmmi

i ^Jm
;ifmmi
" m mi
i f mi
f mmi
fi
f
3
^f
1 f m mi
.fi
^=
mfmmi
fi fi
f mmi
9 f
f i
L J
ifmi
mi
L fmqi
fmi
f
fmi
13 Gf
i
fi
m i fL mi
fmm
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi KvQ fvj KvR Kivi I g` KvR _K
weiZ _vKvi Ges Mixe wgmKxbìK fvjevmvi ZvIdxK cv_bv
KiwQ| AvgvK gv Ki, Avgvi cwZ ing Ki Ges hLb Zzwg Kvb
RbMvxK dZbvq djZ PvBe, ZLb AvgvK dZbvgy Aevq
DwVq wbe| Avwg Zvgvi wbKU Zvgvi fvjevmv, ZvgvK h
wnmby` `yAv 171

fvjevm Zvi fvjevmv Ges H KvRi fvjevmv PvB hv AvgvK Zvgvi
fvjevmvi w`K AMmi Ki wè| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 368, nv`xm
bs 3235, gymbv` Avngv`, L. 5, c. 243, nv`xm bs 22162)
Avjvni ivvq kvnv`vZ I g`xbvq gZzeiY Kivi `yAv

dvq`v t h ew LuvwU Ai G `yAv Kie m wbR evwoZ weQvbvq
co gZz eiY KijI kvnv`vZi ghv`v jvf Kie|
b f
fifi=
f mi a Bfi
a (fmi
fmmsi
fmmi
f mi
i =
3
A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK Zvgvi ivvq kvnv`vZi mfvM `vb Ki
Ges Zvgvi ivm~j mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi kni (g`xbvq)
AvgvK gZz `vb Ki| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 3, c. 23, nv`xm bs 1890)
nKK nK Avi evwZjK evwZj wnme `Lvi `yAv
fEifmq i
i fi fmi fi= fEif
m i fmi= fmb i f m i fi= fmmi
fmi= fbif
3
A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvìK nKK nK `LvI Ges AvgvìK nKi
AbyKiY Kivi ZvIdxK `vI| AvgvìK evwZjK evwZj `LvI
Ges AvgvìK evwZjK cwinvi Kivi ZvIdxK `vI|
wn`vqZ Pq `yAv
fmmi
3
f i f i
A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK wn`vqZ `vI Ges Zvi Dci AvgvK AwePj
ivL| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 2, c. 491, nv`xm bs 4225)
vZZi Rb `yAv
^f
fi fmm i . fmi
fm mi ^
m mmi
9 f mi fm if mi ;
i f i fmmi
3
fm i fif i
fi=f
mi a fmi =f
1
mi fmif
i fm i fi fmmi fm i fi fi fm i fmsm i = fmi
fi f i fi fm mmi

f
i fi fm) m$ f
fm if mi
fmi f i G
f mi
i fm ifi= 9 fmi
fm) m$ fmm i fmm m ifi fm i ;
m mi fm mmm i
wnmby` `yAv 172

A_ t n Avjvn! Avgvì Ai gneZ mw Ki `vI; Ges Avgvì
GKi Acii mv_ mymK Ki `vI; Avi Avgvì kvwi ivv
`wLq `vI; Ges AvgvìK AKvi nZ Avjvi w`K cwivY `vb
Ki| cKvk-AcKvk mKj Lvivc KvR _K Avgvì `~i ivL Ges
eiKZ `vI Avgvì kvbvi ga, Avgvì `Lvi ga, Avgvì
Ai, Avgvì xMYi ga I mvb-mwZi ga| Avgvì ZvIev
Keyj Ki, wbq Zzwg ZvIev KeyjKvix I gnievb| Avi AvgvìK
Zvgvi wbqvgZmg~ni wqv Av`vqKvixì Afy Ki| (gyvìvK
nvKg, L. 1, c. 397, nv`xm bs 977)
Avjvni ingZ Kvgbv

dvq`v t Kviv Dci ^Yi cvnvo cwigvY FY njI Avjvn ZvAvjv G
`yAvi eiKZ kva Kivi eev Ki wèb|
( fi 3 fmifi
\ f mi |=f
fm3 i = fif m m
m i ( fi f
3
i fmmi
mm i f mi fif
fi fi f mi= fi fm i f

i fmmmi =
) m m i fLmif i f
m i =fi f
m i fi f
A_ t n Avjvn! n wec` `~iKvix! n `ytL-hYv `~iKvix! n
wbicvqi cv_bv keYKvix! n `ywbqv-AvwLivZi Amxg `qvjy I
KiYvgq! Zzwg Avgvi cwZ ing Ki, Avgvi cwZ Ggb `qv Ki hvZ
Avwg Ab Kviv gyLvcx bv nB| (gyvìvK nvwKg, L. 1, c. 696, nv`xm
bs 1898)
Avjvni ezì ez I kì k nIqvi `yAv

b f$ f ifm i fmbmi ;
;
i fmmmi
mm i
ifi J
fmmi
3
fi f mmi fi f
fm ifi fi f ifm i _
mi fm i fi fm m i f
f
m i f if$
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg AvgvìK mwVK c_ c`kKvix I mwVK c_
cvì Afy Ki| AvgvìK c_ I c_ Kvixì Afy
Ki bv| AvgvìK Zvgvi ezì ez I kì k evwbq `vI
wnmby` `yAv 173

hvZ Avgiv ZvK fvjevwm h ZvgvK fvjevm Ges Zvi mv_
kZv ivwL h Zvgvi mv_ kZv ivL| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 2, c. 256, nv`xm
bs 3608)
wgmKxb Aevq Rxeb-giY I nvkii Kvgbv

;ifmmi
fm)mmi
b f
b f
i a f
fmmi
mi
q i fm)mmi
)i
3
(f
A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK wgmKxb (dwKi I webqx) Aevq RxweZ
ivL, wgmKxb Aevq gZz `vb Ki Ges nvki gq`vb AvgvK
wgmKxbì Afy Ki| (mybvb Beb gvRvn, L. 5, c. 240, nv`xm bs
4126)
LvwZgv wej LvBi Gi `yAv

i a f
mi f i=fi a f
i f$ fmmi
3
i f i fm mi= a f
1 fm i fm if
fm mi fif i fm i f

m i
m i J
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg Zvgvi KzìZi gvag AvgvK my ivL|
AvgvK Zvgvi ingZi Afy Ki| Avgvi Rxeb Zvgvi Bev`Z
eq Kivi ZvIdxK `vI| fvj Avgji mv_ Avgvi LvwZgv wej LvBi
Ki Ges Zvi cwZ`vb RvbvZ `vb Ki| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 2, c. 274,
nv`xm bs 3662)
wnmby` `yAv 174
Aavq t 7
Bmg Avhg
mêwjZ `yAvmg~n
wnmby` `yAv 175
7g Aavq
Bmg Avhg mêwjZ `yAvmg~n

Bmg Avhg I AvmgvDj mbvi gvag `yAv Kij m `yAv
Keyj Kiv nq| nv`xm ewYZ AvQ, Avjvn ZvAvjv H ewi `yAv I
ìLv Keyj Kib h Bmg Avhgi mv_ `yAv Ki| Ze Bmg
AvhgK ke Kìi bvq wbavwiZ Ki `qv nqwb| nv`xm Bmg
Avhg m^wjZ eYbvi KqKwU `yAv DjL iqQ| `yAv Kivi mgq
AvmgvDj mbv I wbgewYZ mewj `yAv co bqv DwPZ| Gici
wbR KvwLZ `yAv Kiv DwPZ|
1| `yAvq BDbym (Av.)
;mifmi
m i fi
3
fifm
fi
f i fmi
A_ t (n Avjvn!) Zzwg eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB| Zzwg cwe (wb`vl)
Avwg bvnMvi| (m~iv Avw^qv, 21: 87)
dvq`v-1 t wKQz eyhMy M Y wjLQb h, KD hw` Kvb evjv-gymxeZ
_K gyw cvIqvi Dk `yAvq BDbym 40 w`b ch 1,25,000
(GK j cuwPk nvRvi) evi co| Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvK AekB
cikvbx I gymxeZ _K gyw wèb| cZK w`b 3125 evi Ki
coe| (gKeyj `yAv, c. 62)
dvq`v-2 t D AvqvZ Kvixgvi G `yAvwU hveZxq wPv-cikvbx,
evjv-gymxevZ `~ixKiY LyeB KvhKi| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv
mvjvg ejQb t Avgvi DZi KD Kvb gymxeZ MdZvi nj m
hb `yAvq BDbym (Av.) co| Avjvn ZvAvjvi gnievbxZ Zvi
gymxeZ `~i nq hve| Kbbv G `yAvwU ay BDbym (Av.) Gi Rb
wbavwiZ bq| eis GZ Cgvb`viì RbI cikvbx Ges gymxeZ
_K bvRvZ `qvi Iqv`v iqQ| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 529, nv`xm
bs 3505)
cieZx AvqvZ Avjvn ZvAvjv Bikv` Kib t
wnmby` `yAv 176

3 fmi
;mifmi
fi
mi
f m i fi
f i fm)
A_ t Avwg BDbym (Av.) K `ywv _K gyw w`jvg| Avwg
Abyicfve Cgvb`viìKI gyw (bvRvZ) w`q _vwK| (m~iv Avw^qv:
21: 88)
2| `ywU AvqvZ Bm&g Avhgi eqvb

dvq`v t Ab GK nv`xm ewYZ nqQ h, Bmg Avhg G `ywU
AvqvZi gaB iqQ| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c. 470, nv`xm bs 1496,
Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 517, nv`xm bs 3478)
fmif
3 fi
+ f+ 3 i fmm]
3 f i fi
i f mi
fi
3 i
A_ t Avi Zvgvì gve~` GK gve~`| wZwb Qvov Avi Kvb gve~`
bB| wZwb eo `qvjy I gnievb| (m~iv evKviv, 2: 163)
.fmmi
3 0
mf i
i fi
fi
f
A_ t Avjvn Qvov Kvb gve~` bB| wZwb wPixe I me`v Kvqg|
(m~iv Avj- Bgivb, 3: 1-2)
3| Bmg Avhg m^wjZ `yAv

dvq`v t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb h, GwU nj
Bmg Avhg m^wjZ `yAv| Bmg Avhg nj, hvi gvag (Amxjvq)
`yAv Kiv nj m `yAv Keyj Kiv nq Ges Gi Amxjvq wKQz PvBj
wZwb AekB `vb Kib|
fmmi

fi _
fmi f i f mmi
3 0
mf
f mmi
i fi
i fi
f
fi
fi
3
f+i fbm i fEi f m i f i fi
fi
f i f mi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU cv_bv KiwQ, Avwg mv w`wQ
h, ZzwgB Avjvn| Zzwg Qvov Kvb gye~` bB| Zzwg GK I Abb,
Kviv gyLvcx bI| Zzwg Ggb mv whwb RbKI bb I RvZKI bb,
huvi Kvb mgK bB| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c. 469, nv`xm bs 1493,
Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 515, nv`xm bs 3475, mybvb Beb gvRvn, L. 5, c.

26, nv`xm bs 3857)
wnmby` `yAv 177

4| Bmg Avhg m^wjZ AviKwU `yAv
fmmi
fif i f
i mfi fif i fi f
3 fmmi fi f i f mmi
i fi
mm
3
.fm i fi

f mmi
3
fi 8 fmi 9 fi mx = ^fmmi
fi m.
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU cv_bv KiwQ| KviY mKj cksmv
Zvgvi Rb| Zzwg Qvov Kvb gve~` bB| Zzwg GK, Zvgvi Kvb
kixK bB| Zzwg eo `vZv, Avmgvb I hgxbi webv bgybvq mv| n
gnZ I mvbi AwaKvix! Avwg mv w`wQ h, ZzwgB Avjvn| Zzwg
Qvov Kvb gve~` bB| Zzwg GK I Abb, Kviv gyLvcx bI| Zzwg
Ggb mv whwb RbKI bb I RvZKI bb, huvi Kvb mgK bB|
dvq`v t Ab GK nv`xm GmQ h, G `yAvwU nj Bmg Avhg
m^wjZ| Avi Bmg Avhg nj, hvi gvag Kvb mvIqvj Kij wbq
Avjvn Zv `vb Kib Ges h `yAv Kiv nq Avjvn Zv Keyj Kib|
(mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c. 470, nv`xm bs 1495, mybvb bvmvqx, L. 1, c.
386, nv`xm bs 1223, mybvb Beb gvRvn, L. 5, c. 26, nv`xm bs 3858)
5| Bm&g Avhg m^wjZ AviI GKwU `yAv

dvq`v t G `yAvwUK ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg me`v
coZ ejQb| Kbbv Gi ga Avjvni bvg Avhg iqQ|
fmmi

e
3
i fifi= f mi fm i f i f mmi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi KvQ cv_bv KiwQ Zvgvi Bmg
Avhgi gvag Ges Avwg Zvgvi c~Y myw cv_bv KiwQ| (Kvbhyj
Dvj, L. 2, c. 117, nv`xm bs 3217)
Bmg Avhg mK Kvmg Beb Ave`yi ingvb (in.) Gi gZ

6| Ab GK nv`xm GmQ, Bmg Avhg wZbwU m~ivq we`gvb AvQ|
(1) m~iv evKviv (2) m~iv Avj-Bgivb (3) m~iv Zv-nv| (wnmb nvmxb,
c. 47) Kvmg Beb Ave`yi ingvb (Ave~ Dgvgv iv. Gi kvMwi`,
ZveC Ges wmwiqvi evwm`v) ejb t Avwg GB nv`xmi AvjvK
Bmg Avhg Abymvb KiwQ Ges YY.fmmi
f
i WW K Bmg Avhg wnme
cqwQ|
wnmby` `yAv 178

Bmg Avhg mK Avjvgv Rvhix (in.) Gi gZ
7| wnmb nvmxbi jLK Avjvgv gynvv` Avj Rvhix (in.) ejb t
Avgvi wbKU Bmg Avhg nj, YY.fmmi
3 0
f
WW| GZ me
i fi
fi
nv`xmi gvS mvgmZv nq hvq|
`yAvZ .
fi 8 fmi 9 fi AekB eje
8| GKwU nv`xm ewYZ AvQ, h~i mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg GK
ewK YY.f
8 fm i 9 fi WWejZ bjb| ZLb Avcwb ejQb t
i
Zvgvi `yAv Keyj Kiv ne, GLb Zzwg (hv BQv) Avjvni wbKU PvI|
(Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 541, nv`xm bs 3527 I 3524)
wZbevi ;
f i fi= fi ejvi ci `yAv Kij Keyj nq
m i
9| Ab GKwU nv`xm ewYZ AvQ, Avjvn cvKi c _K GKRb

dikZv wbavwiZ AvQ, hLb Kvb ew wZb evi YY;mif
i fi=
fi WW
(A_ t n mKj `qvkxjì Pq eo `qvkxj!) ej ZLb D
dikZv m ewK ejb t wbqB mePq eo `qvkxj Zvgvi cwZ
gbvhvMx AvQb, GLb Zzwg hv BQv PvI| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 2, c. 333,
nv`xm bs 3839)
cuvPwU Kvwjgvi gvag mKj `yAv Keyj nq

10| Ab GKwU nv`xm ewYZ AvQ, h ew G cuvPwU Kvjgvi mv_
`yAv Kie, Zvi mKj `yAvB Avjvn ZvAvjv Keyj Kieb| (Kvbhyj
Dvj, L. 2, c. 342, nv`xm bs 3866)
fEi fif i Efi 0

f3 i
fmmi fi fmmi fi
fif i &L*
f \ f3$ fi
Avjvn eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB,

wZwb GKK Zuvi Kvb kixK
bB|
mg ivRZ Zuvi Rb Ges Zuvi
RbB mg cksmv|
Ges mKj eyi Dci Zuvi gZv
iqQ|
wnmby` `yAv 179

Avjvn eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB|
0
f3 i
Zuvi mvnvh eZxZ KvbB kw
0f
8fi
i (f i

Ges gZv ARb nZ cvi bv|
AvmgvDj mbv
(Avjvni wbivbeBwU bvg)

dvq`v t Avmgvq mbv covi ci `yAv Kij m `yAv Keyj nq|
AvmgvDj mbvi A_, PvwiwK wkv Ges dhxjZ mK wevwiZ
RvbZ 9g Aavq 216bs cv è|
fi fmi
.fmi
fmif
3 _fi
3 f i fi
0 fi
i fmi
fmmi
fmi
fi

mi f ifm i e"
Gfif

i =fmm
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m mi
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i =fmmi
=f
i fif m i f m mmmi
mi {f
fmm
i
f m mi
i fm i fifm
ifm i fmmm
mi
8fmi
f i f i f
i f
i 5fm
m i =fmmi
i fmm
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i Jmm
8 fm
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f
i fmmmi
i
f i f i f
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fmm m i Jm"
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" i fmmm
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f i f m i fmmmi
i ;mmi
f mi
_fmi
fifm
mi
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i fmmm
f
1f
mmi
fifmi
fif
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fmmm
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f
i f
i
f
f
m mi
mi
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=fm
f i fmi
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f i fmi
fi 3 8
fi
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f i fmi
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i fmmi
mmi
8 fm i 9 f
Gfmi
f
mmi

1f
i
fifi
i f mm i fmm
e
mi
i 1fmmmi
.f
fifm

=fmi
f
i _fmi
i
mmi
=fmi
f
m i f i fm i fm
m mi
f i fmi
f ifmi
=fmmi
i fm
f mif
i
i =f
wnmby` `yAv 180
Aavq t 8
dvhvqj ZvIev
I BwMdvi
wnmby` `yAv 181
8g Aavq
dvhvqj ZvIev I BwMdvi
ZvIev I BwMdvii A_
ZvIevi kvwK A_ wdi Avmv Ges BwMdvii A_ gv cv_bv
Kiv| ZvIev I BwMdvii kiqx A_ nQ, Avjvn ZvAvjvi wbKU
AbyZ nq Abvq-Amr KvR _K cZveZb Ges fwelZi Rb
bvq I mr KvRi msK Kiv| AZtci mr KvRi viv weMZ Amr
KvRi wZc~iYi Pv Kiv| gvbyli Kvb nK b Ki _vKj
h_vme Zvi wZc~iY `vb Kiv ev gv Pq bqv| KvDK kvixwiKgvbwmK K `qv, gvb-mvb b Kiv, `ybvg Kiv Ges wg_v Acev`
`qvI gvbyli nK b Kivi Afy| ZvB Gi Rb gv Pq bqv|
Avi Avjvni nKi ga Kvb nK (hgb- dih bvgvh, ivhv, hvKvZ
I nR BZvw`) evKx _vKj Zv ZvovZvwo Av`vq Kiv|
wbRi Rb gv cv_bv (BwMdvi) Kie, Aci gymjgvb fvBì
Rb gvMwdivZi `yAv Kie Ges gZ gymjgvbì Rb gvMwdivZi
`yAv Kie| Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb t
b 0
fibfmi
1 fifi
3 fifi
fmi
f3 i
fifi
fmi
A_ t n gywgbMY! Zvgiv Avjvni wbKU LuvwU ZvIev Ki| (m~iv
Zvnixg, 66: 8)
fi
f
=fmi

E fmi=
m mmi
b f\
A_ t Zvgiv Zvgvì cvjbKZvi wbKU gv cv_bv Ki| wZwb
AZ gvkxj| (m~iv b~n, 71: 10)
bvnB nQ evjv-gymxeZi KviY
Avgiv hme bvn Ki _vwK Zvi _K mZKKiY wKsev cv_wgK
kvw wnme wec`vc` Gm _vK Ges bvn _K ZvIev Ki ~Y
xb bv div ch G wec`vc` kl ne bv| Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb
Jmi
L )mi
fmmi
fi fmifi
fmmi
L f i f mmi
fm
fm
ifi
fi
wnmby` `yAv 182

A_ t Zvgvì Dci h wec`vc` cwZZ nq Zv ZvgvìB Kgi
dj Ges Zvgvì AbK Aciva wZwb gv Ki _vKb| (m~iv iv,
42: 30)
f mmi
mi
fmm
_
f
fmi
fmmi
fmi
_fi
a fm mi f mi

fi
f m mi ei
ifmi
fmif
i fmmmi

A_ t j I Rj gvbyli KZKgi ìb wechq Qwoq coQ|
Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvìK Zvì Kvb Kvb Kgi kvw Av^v`b
Kivb, hvZ Zviv (c~Y xb) wdi Avm| (m~iv ig, 30: 41)
Ze wbivk nIqvi KviY bB| Kbbv Avjvn ZvAvjvi ingZ
Amxg| ay Avgiv wdi AvmjB Zuvi Amxg ingZ AvgvìK
QvqvQb Ki wbe| Avgiv hZ `Z c~Y xb wdi Avme ZZ `Z
Avgvì Rxeb cKZ kvw wdi Avme| Avjvn ZvAvjvi NvwlZ G
wbqg mevi Rb meKvji Rb chvR|
Avjvni ingZ _K wbivk nIqv Kexiv bvn

f m mi
fmi=
0
f i fmmmi
fi
_
0
fmi
fmm
mi f3 $ fif
i fi fi

fmif
fi
E fmbmmi
i = f mmi
G fifi
fi

A_ t n Avgvi ev`vMY! hviv wbRì cwZ AwePvi (Ryjyg) KiQ,
Zvgiv Avjvni ingZ _K wbivk nqv bv| wbq Avjvn mg bvn
gvd Kib| wZwb gvkxj, cig `qvjy| (m~iv hygvi, 39: 53)
gywgb KLbv bvn KiZ cvi bv| KLbv fyjekZ bvn nq
Mj wej^ bv Ki mv_ mv_ m Avjvni w`K cZveZb Ki Ges
ZvIev Ki| Kbbv cZK Av`g mvbB Acivax (Aciva Ki
_vK), Avi Dg Acivax Zviv hviv ZvIev Ki| (Rvg wZiwghx,
nv`xm bs 2499, Beb gvRvn, nv`xm bs 4251) Ab GKwU nv`xm
AvQ, Avjvn ZvAvjv H gywgb ev`vK fvjevmb h bvn cwZZ
nj ZvIev Ki| (gymbv` Avngv`, nv`xm bs 605) bvn _K
ZvIevKvix H ewi bvq, hvi Kvb bvn bB| (mybvb Beb
wnmby` `yAv 183

gvRvn, nv`xm bs 4250) ZvB Kviv viv hw` bvn nq hvq Zvnj
wbivk bv nq mv_ mv_ Avjvni wbKU ZvIev I BwMdvi Kiv
DwPZ|
Avjvn ZvAvjvi Amxg ingZi wb`kb
Kvb ew bKxi BQv KiQ wKy GLbv Zv Kiwb, ZLb Avjvn
ZvAvjv Zvi BQvK GKwU bKx wnme wjLb| Avi hw` bKxi
BQvi ci Zv mv`b Ki Zvnj Avjvn ZvAvjv Gi `k Y _K
mvZk Y eis eY (Aci GKwU eYbvq mvZ nvRvi Y) ch bKx
wnme wjLb| Abw`K h cvci msK KiQ wKy Zv Kiwb,
ZLb Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvi wbR BQvK (c~Y bv Kivi KviY) GKwU
bKx wnme wjLb| Avi hw` bvni BQvi ci Zv mv`b Ki
Zvnj Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvi Rb GKwU gv bvn wjLb|
[myenvbvjvn, Avjvn ZvAvjvi wK KiYv!] (mnxn eyLvix, L. 8, c. 103,
nv`xm bs 6491)
GKwU nv`xm Kz`mx

Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb t h Avgvi wbKU GKwU bKx wbq DcwZ
ne, Zvi Rb `k Y cyivi iqQ Ges Avwg GiI ewk wè| Avi
h ew GKwU bvn wbq Avme, Zvi Rb GK Y kvw iqQ
A_ev Avwg gv Ki wè| h GK weNZ Avgvi wbKU Avm, Avwg
GK nvZ Zvi wbKU hvB| h GK nvZ Avgvi wbKU Avm, Avwg GK
evg (mvo wZb nvZ) Zvi wbKU hvB| h Avgvi wbKU nuU Avm,
Avwg Zvi wbKU ùo hvB Ges h Avgvi wbKU cw_ex cwigvY bvn
wbq Avm Avgvi mv_ KvDK kixK Kiv Qvov- Avwg Zvi mv_ H
cwigvY gv wbq mvvZ Kwi| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 4, c. 2068, nv`xm bs
2687)
Ab GKwU nv`xm Kz`mxZ Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb t n Av`g

mvb! Zvgvi bvn hw` AvKvk ch cuQ hvq| AZtci Zzwg Avgvi
wbKU gv PvI, Avwg ZvgvK gv Kie| Avwg KviI ciIqv Kwi
bv| n Av`g mvb! Zzwg hw` cw_ex cwigvY bvn wbq Avgvi mv_
wnmby` `yAv 184

KvDK kixK bv Ki Avgvi mvvZ Ki, Avwg AekB cw_ex cwigvY
gv wbq Zvgvi wbKU DcwZ ne| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 548,
nv`xm bs 3540)
Avjvn ZvAvjvi NvlYv

Avjvn ZvAvjv bvdigvb ev`vi Rb Gfve NvlYv Kib-
wdi Gmv wdi Gmv, Zzwg hB nI bv Kb wdi Gmv;

hw` Kvdi nI, AwMc~RK nI wKsev g~wZc~RK nI wdi Gmv|
Avgvi G ìevi, wbivk nIqvi ìevi bq;
hw` GKk eviI ZvIev f _vK, wdi Gmv|
BwMdvi viv `ywv `~i nq Ges wiwhK ew cvq
h ew me`v BwMdvi KiZ _vK, Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvK msKU
_K gywi c_ Ki `b| hveZxq `ywv _K ckZv I ckvw
`vb Kib Ges ZvK Zvi aviYvZxZ RvqMv _K wiwhK `vb Kib|
BwMdvi viv ghv`v ew nq

1| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg m~Y wbvc nIqv mI
`wbK mi eviiI ewk Avjvn ZvAvjvi ìevi ZvIev I
BwMdvi KiZb| (mnxn eyLvix, nv`xm bs 6307) Kbbv ZvIev ay
bvnB gvPb Ki bv eis ghv`vI ew Ki|
2| h ew gywgb bi-bvixi Rb BwMdvi I gv c_vbv Kie,
Avjvn ZvAvjv cZK gywgb bi-bvixi wewbgq ZvK GKwU Ki
bKx c`vb Kieb| (gvRgvDh hvIqvwq`, L. 10, c. 352, nv`xm bs
17598)
wnmby` `yAv 185

gZì Rb mevg Dcnvi nj BwMdvi
Kei kvwqZ gZ ewi Aev nj mgy` Wye ewi bvq, h
mvnvhi Rb AvKzj cv_bv Rvbvq| m Zvi wcZv-gvZv, fvB-evb
wKsev ez-evei _K ingZ I gvMwdivZi `yAv jvfi Acvq
_vK| KviI c _K `yAvi G Dcnvi Zvi Rb MvUv cw_ex I
cw_exi mewKQz Acv ewk wcq| `ywbqvevmxì `yAvi KviY gZ
ewiv Avjvn ZvAvjvi c _K h weivU mvIqve cvq, Zv GKgv
cvnvoi mv_B Zzjbxq nZ cvi| gZì Rb RxweZì mePq
eo Dcnvi nQ Zvì Rb gvMwdivZi `yAv Kiv| (Aveyj Cgvb, L.
6, c. 203, nv`xm bs 7905)
Avjvn ZvAvjv enkZ Zuvi Kvb bK ev`vi ghv`v nVvr ew

Ki `b| m ej, n Avgvi cwZcvjK! wK KviY Avgvi G ghv`v
ew cj? ZLb Avjvn ejb t Zvgvi Rb Zvgvi mvbi gv
PvIqvi KviY| (gymbv` Avngv`, L. 2, c. 509, nv`xm bs 10618)
ZvIev I BwMdvii Rb AmsL `yAv iqQ| ivm~jyjvn
mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi cwVZ ewki fvM `yAvZ BwMdvi
I gvi cv_bv iqQ| hgb- Ah~i iZ, Ah~i kl Ges Bwv
_K dvwiM nq BZvwZ| wbg AwZ iZcY~ KqKwU BwMdvi
ewYZ nQ|
(1) mvwq`yj BwMdvi (k BwMdvi)
fmi
f3 $ fi fmi
fi f
fi f$
fi
3 =
fi
fmmi
q m mi fi
3
& fi
f$ fmmmmi
fmmi
fi
& fi
f
fi f i f i fi9fi
mmmi
m ifi f

ifi
1f

fi
fi
E fi
Gfifi
f m mi
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg Avgvi ie| Zzwg eZxZ Kvb gvey` bB| Zzwg
AvgvK mw KiQ| Avwg Zvgvi ev`v| Avwg Avgvi mvavbyhvqx
Zvgvi mv_ KZ Iqv`v I AxKvii Dci Kvqg AvwQ| Avwg h
bvn KiwQ Zvi Awb _K Zvgvi Avkq cv_bv KiwQ| Avgvi Dci
Zvgvi `vbKZ wbqvgZmg~n Avwg ^xKvi KiwQ Ges wbRi cvcmg~nI
wnmby` `yAv 186

^xKvi KiwQ| myZivs Zzwg AvgvK gv Ki| Kbbv Zzwg eZxZ
Aciva gvKvix Avi KD bB| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 8, c. 67, nv`xm bs
6306)
(2) BwMdvi
dvq`v t h ew G BwMdvi coe Zvi mg bvn gvd nq hve,
hwÌ m hyi gq`vb _K cjvqb Ki _vK|
f mi Gfi . fm mi f
3 _
0
f m m m i
fi
i f i fi
A_ t Avwg Avjvni KvQ gv cv_bv KiwQ, whwb eZxZ Kvb gve~`
bB| wZwb wPixe I mewKQzi aviK| Avi Avwg Zuvi mgxc ZvIev
KiwQ| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 568, nv`xm bs 3577)
(3) ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi BwMdvi
dvq`v t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg GK eVK GKk evi
G BwMdvi cvV KiZb|
fmif
f
$ fi
fi

fi
i Gfmi
1 f m i G=
A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! AvgvK gv Ki Ges Avgvi ZvIev Keyj

Ki| wbq Zzwg ZvIev KeyjKvix, cig `qvjy| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1,
c. 475, nv`xm bs 1516)
(4) AviKwU BwMdvi

dvq`v t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg `wbK mi eviiI
AwaK BwMdvi cvV KiZb|
fmi
Gfi

0
f m mmi
L f \ f i =
fi9
A_ t Avwg Avgvi cwZcvjK Avjvni KvQ gv cv_bv KiwQ, mKj
cKvi cvci Rb| Avi Avwg Zuvi mgxc ZvIev KiwQ| (mnxn eyLvix,
L. 8. c. 67, nv`xm bs 6307)
(5) gv I RvbvZ jvfi `yAv

fm mi f
mi f
m i = 1 fm i fmmi
3
wnmby` `yAv 187

A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK gv Ki, Avgvi cwZ `qv Ki Ges AvgvK
RvbvZ cek KivI| (Zeivbx, L. 7, c. 154, nv`xm bs 6686)
(6) bvn _K gv Pq `yAv
fi
i fi
i fi
mfif
fm
^=f
^f
fifi
fi
i fi
m$ fi
fi 1 f m i fmmi
3
K f m$
fi
fi
3 f i fmi
fi
.fmmi
mf
fi
i fi
A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK gvd Ki hv Avwg c~e KiwQ Ges hv ci
Kie| hv Avwg Mvcb KiwQ, Avi hv cKvk KiwQ Ges hv Avwg
mxgvwZwi KiwQ, Avi hv Zzwg Avgvi Pq ewk Rvb| ZzwgB c_g,
ZzwgB kl, Zzwg eZxZ Avi Kvb gve~` bB| (gymbv` Avngv`, L. 1,
c. 102, nv`xm bs 803)
(7) mKj cKvii bvn _K gvMwdivZi `yAv

K f m$ fi
fmmi
f
fK m\ _
1 f m i fmmi
fi
i f mi
f i a af
3 mf
i fi
3
mmi
fi 1 f m i fmmi
3 f \ 1f
_
1 f m i
fi9
ififmi
i f
fmi
fmi
3 m_
mi
f \ f3$ fi
fi
i fi
i fi
fi
^=f
fifi
^f
fi fmi
.fmmi
fm
m$ fi

f+i fi
&L*

A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK gv Ki `vI Avgvi fyj-wU, g~LZv Ges
Avgvi mKj welqi mxgvjNb h mK Zzwg Avgvi Pq ewk
AeMZ| n Avjvn! AvgvK gv Ki `vI Avgvi AwbQvq, BQvq,
ARv, Aenjvq KZ bvn Ges H me bvn hv Avgvi ga
we`gvb| n Avjvn! Avgvi H me bvn gv Ki hv Avwg AvM I
ci KiwQ Ges cKvk I Mvcb KiwQ| ZzwgB AMmiKvix I
cvZKvix Ges ZzwgB mKj wRwbmi Dci gZvevb| (mnxn eyLvix, L.
8, c. 84, nv`xm bs 6398)
wnmby` `yAv 188

(8) wbR I gywgb-gywgbvZi Rb BwMdvi
dvq`v-1 t nv`xm ewYZ AvQ, h ew `wbK cuwPk wKsev mvZvk
evi mKj gywgb bi-bvixi Rb gvMwdivZi `yAv Kie m gyvRvey`
`vIqvZ (hvì `yAv Avjvni wbKU Keyj nq) jvKì Afy nq
hve| Zvi `yAvi eiKZ cw_ex evmxiv wiwhK cve| (wnmb nvmxb, c.
94)
dvq`v-2 t h ew gywgb bi-bvixi Rb BwMdvi I gv cv_bv

Kie, Avjvn ZvAvjv cZK gywgb bi-bvixi wewbgq ZvK GKwU
Ki bKx c`vb Kieb| (gvRgvDh hvIqvwq`, L. 10, c. 352, nv`xm bs 17598)
^fmmmmi
;mmmmi
;mifmmi
m i fmmi
^fmifmi
1f
3
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg Avgvi, mKj gywgb bi-bvixi Ges mKj
gymjgvb bi-bvixi bvn gvd Ki `vI|
(9) wbg BwMdviwU wZbevi coj bvn gvd nq

dvq`v t GK jvK ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi wbKU
Gm ejj t Bqv ivm~jyjvn! Avgvi viv bvn nq MQ| Avcwb
ejjb t G `yAv wZbevi cvV Ki, m wZbevi G `yAv cvV Kij|
AZtci ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ZvK ejjb t DV,
hvI! Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvgvi bvn gvd Ki w`qQb| (gyvìvK
nvwKg, L. 1, c. 728, nv`xm bs 1994)
f
f mi 3= fmmi= fi9 fi fi fifm m i fmmi
3
m i fi _
A_ t n Avjvn! Zvgvi gvMwdivZ Avgvi bvni Pq AbK ck
Ges Avgvi ga wbR Avgvji Pq Zvgvi ingZi Avkv (fimv)
AbK ewk|
(10) BwMdvihy `yAv
dvq`v t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ewk ewk G `yAv
KiZb|
f
fi 9 f
fmmi
9 fifi
fmmi
fi f
mmi
3
m mmi
mmmi
wnmby` `yAv 189

A_ t n Avjvn! AvgvK Zvì Afy Ki, hviv fvj KvR Kij
Lykx nq Ges g` KvR Kij gv Pvq| (mybvb Beb gvRvn, L. 5, c.
721, nv`xm bs 3820)
(11) dRi I Avmii ci covi BwMdvi (3 evi)

dvq`v t h ew cZK dRi I Avmii bvgvhi ci wbgv
BwMdvi wZb evi coe Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvi bvnmg~n gvd Ki
wèb, hwÌ Zv mgyì dbvi cwigvY nq| (Bebym mybx, c. 66, nv`xm
bs 126)
f mi Gfi . fm mi f

3 _
fmmmi
0
f m m m i
fi
i f i fi
A_ t Avwg gnvb Avjvni KvQ gv cv_bv KiwQ, whwb eZxZ Kvb
gve~` bB| wZwb wPixe I mewKQzi aviK| Avi Avwg Zuvi mgxc
ZvIev KiwQ|
è t D BwMdvihy `yAvwj me`v cov DwPZ| Ze PjZwdiZ I DVZ-emZ me mgq QvU BwMdvi 0
f m m mi A_ev
AekB coZ _vKe| Kbbv ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn
1 fm i G=
Iqv mvjvg AwaK cwigvY BwMdvi KiZb| ewk ewk BwMdvi
Kij hveZxq `ywv I cikvbx `~i nq Ges me`v BwMdviKvixK
Zvi aviYvZxZ RvqMv _K wiwhK `vb Kiv nq| Gi viv bvn gvd
nq Ges gh`vI ew nq| nv`xm BwMdvihy AmsL `yAv ewYZ
nqQ mjv wfb Kvb wjLbxZ ck Kiv ne BbkvAvjvn|
wnmby` `yAv 190
Aavq t 9
dvhvqj KziAvb, dvhvqj whwKi,
wnmby` `yAv 191
9g Aavq
dvhvqj KziAvb, dvhvqj whwKi,

dvhvqj KziAvb
1| KziAvb gvRx` ewk ewk wZjvIqvZ Kiv DwPZ| Kbbv wKqvgZi

w`b KziAvb gvRx` wZjvIqvZKvixi Rb Avjvni ìevi mycvwik
KiZ Avme Ges Zvi mycvwik MnY Kiv ne| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 178,
nv`xm bs 2915)
2| h ew KziAvb gvRxì GKwU nid coe Zvi Rb cZK

nidi e`j `kwU bKx jLv ne, cZKwU bKx Avevi `k Y
ew ne| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 175, nv`xm bs 2910)
3| Avgvi DZi mevg (bdj) Bev`Z nj, KziAvb gvRx`
wZjvIqvZ Kiv| (Aveyj Cgvb, L. 2, c. 354, nv`xm bs 2022)
nv`xm KziAvb gvRx` wZjvIqvZi AmsL dhxjZ eYbv nqQ
ZvB me`v wZjvIqvZ gM _vKv DwPZ| wbg KqKwU m~ivi msw
dhxjZ DjL Kiv nqQ| G m~ivwji AviI wevwiZ dhxjZ
RvbZ nv`xmi wKZvemg~n `Lyb|
m~iv dvwZnvi dhxjZ
m~iv dvwZnvK m~iv wkdvI ejv nq| m~iv dvwZnvq (kvixwiK I
gvbwmK) mKj ivMi AvivM iqQ| (Aveyj Cgvb, L. 2, c. 450,
nv`xm bs 2370)
GUv ghv`vi w`K w`q meenr m~iv| GUv Ggb GKwU m~iv hgb
ZvIivZ, he~i I Bwj bvwhj nqwb| GUvB mveq gvQvbx Ges gnvb
KziAvb| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 155, nv`xm bs 2875)
GKevi m~iv dvwZnv cvV Kij `yB ZZxqvsk KziAvb cvV cwigvY
mvIqve cvIqv hvq| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 1, c. 868, nv`xm bs 2495)
wnmby` `yAv 192

m~iv evKvivi dhxjZ
Zvgiv Zvgvì NiK Keivb evwbI bv| h Ni m~iv evKviv
wZjvIqvZ Kiv nq m Ni kqZvb cek Ki bv| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5,
c. 155, nv`xm bs 2877)
h ew m~iv evKviv ivZ coe wZb ivZ ch m Ni kqZvb

cek Ki bv Avi h ew m~iv evKviv w`b coe wZb w`b ch m
Ni kqZvb cek Ki bv| (mnxn Beb wnevb, L. 3, c. 61, nv`xm
bs 782)
m~iv evKvivi kl `yB AvqvZ I AvqvZzj Kyimxi dhxjZ

h ew m~iv evKvivi kl `yB AvqvZ ivZi mgq coe GUv Zvi
Rb h_ nq hve| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 5, c. 84, nv`xm bs 4008)
cZK wRwbm GKwU kxlvb AvQ, Avi KziAvb kxlvb nj
m~iv evKviv Ges GZ GKwU AvqvZ AvQ mg AvqvZi mi`vi mwU
nj, AvqvZzj Kzimx| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 155, nv`xm bs 2878)
h ew cZK dih bvgvhi ci AvqvZzj Kzimx coe m ew
cieZx bvgvh ch Avjvni whvq _vKe| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c.
155, nv`xm bs 2878)
GKevi AvqvZzj Kzimx covi mvIqve KziAvbi GK PZz_vsk cvV

Kivi mgvb| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 1, c. 882, nv`xm bs 2536)
m~iv Avj Bgivb Gi dhxjZ
h ew ivZ m~iv Avj Bgivbi klvsk (Bbv dx LvjwKm
mvgvIqvwZ _K kl ch) coe Zvi Rb c~Y ivZ bvgvh KvUvbvi
mvIqve jLv ne| (mybvb `vigx, L. 2, c. 544, nv`xm bs 3396)
h ew RygAvi w`b m~iv Avj Bigvb coe, dikZvMY Zvi
Rb ivZ ch `yAv KiZ _vKe| (mybvb `vigx, L. 2, c. 544, nv`xm
bs 3397)
wnmby` `yAv 193

m~iv n~` Gi dhxjZ
ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb Zvgiv RygAvi
w`b m~iv ` coe| (`vigx, L. 2, c. 544, nv`xm bs 3403)
m~iv Kvnd Gi dhxjZ
h ew RygAvi w`b m~iv Kvnd coe, Zvi (Cgvbi b~i) G
RygAv _K cieZx RygAv ch PgKvZ _vKe| (mybvb evqnvKx,
L. 3, c. 249, nv`xm bs 5792) Ab GKwU nv`xm AvQ h, m b~i
m~iv Kvnd cvVKvix _K evBZzjvn kixd ch `xNvwqZ ne|
h ew m~iv Kvnd Gi c_g `k AvqvZ gyL Kie, m
`vvji dZbv _K iv cve| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 1, c. 555, nv`xm bs
809)
m~iv Bqvmxb Gi dhxjZ

cZK wRwbmi `q AvQ Avi KziAvbi `q nj m~iv Bqvmxb|
h ew GKevi m~iv Bqvmxb coe Zvi Rb `k evi LZg KziAvbi
mvIqve jLv ne| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 155, nv`xm bs 2887)
h ew w`bi i (mKvj) m~iv Bqvmxb coe Zvi mg
cqvRb c~Y ne| (mybvb `vigx, L. 2, c. 544, nv`xm bs 3418)
dvq`v t G KviYB eyhMy ì Rxeb j Kiv hvq h, Zuviv wbR
cqvRbi K_v gvLj~Ki KvQ bv ej Avjvn ZvAvjvi wbKU ck
KiZb Ges G Rb Zuviv me`v dRii bvgvhi ci Av`wqvq
gvmb~bv _K dviM nq AekB m~iv Bqvmxb cvV KiZb|
h ew ay Avjvni mvl jvfi Dk m~iv Bqvmxb coe,
Zvi c~eeZx (mMxiv) bvn gvd Kiv ne, myZivs Zvgiv Zvgvì
gZ (khvq) ewì wbKU G m~iv co| (Aveyj Cgvb, L. 2, c. 478,
nv`xm bs 2458)
m~iv Avwjd-jvg-gxg Zvbhxj Gi dhxjZ

h ew G m~iv (ivZ) coe G m~iv Zvi Rb kvdvAvZ Kie
Ges Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvi kvdvAvZ Keyj Kieb| (`vigx, L. 2, c.
544, nv`xm bs 3408)
wnmby` `yAv 194

cieZx nv`xm AvQ, h ew m~iv Avwjd-jvg-gxg Zvbhxj I
m~iv gyjK coe Zvi Rb 70wU bKx jLv ne, Zvi 70wU bvn gyQ
djv ne Ges Zvi ghv`v 70 Y ew Kiv ne| (mybvb `vigx, L. 2,
c. 544, nv`xm bs 3409)
m~iv `yLvb Gi dhxjZ

h ew ivZ m~iv `yLvb coe mi nvRvi dikZv Zvi Rb
mKvj ch BwMdvi KiZ _vKe| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 155, nv`xm bs
2888)
h ew evi ivZ m~iv `yLvb coe ZvK gv Ki `qv ne|
h ew evi w`b ev ivZ m~iv `yLvb coe Avjvn ZvAvjv

Zvi Rb RvbvZ GKwU cvmv` Zwi Kieb| (Zeivbx, L. 8, c. 264,
nv`xm bs 8026)
nv-gxg hy m~ivjv nQ KziAvbi hxbZ (m`h)

nv-gxg hy m~ivwjK KziAvbi hxbZ ejv nqQ ZvB Gjv ewk
ewk wZjvIqvZ Kiv DwPZ| mvZwU m~ivi iZ nv-gxg iqQ| m~iv
Mvdi, dzm&wmjvZ (nv-gxg mR`vn), k~iv, hyLid, `yLvb, Rvwmqv I
AvnKvd| (Aveyj Cgvb, L. 2, c. 483, nv`xm bs 2471)
m~iv Avi-ingvb Gi dhxjZ
cZK wRwbmi hxbZ (m`h) iqQ Avi KziAvbi hxbZ
(m`h) nj m~iv Avi-ingvb| (qveyj Cgvb, L. 2, c. 489, nv`xm bs
2494)
m~iv IqvwKAvn Gi dhxjZ

h ew cZK ivZ m~iv IqvwKAvn coe m KLbI `vwi`
cwZZ ne bv| (evqnvKx dx qvwej Cgvb, L. 2, c. 491, nv`xm bs 2497)
dvq`v t Avjvn ZvAvjvi wbKU bv Pq ay Avmeve-DcKiY Aej^b
Ki wiwhK (I Abvb cqvRb) cvIqv hve bv| Kbbv wiwhK Zv
Avmgvb ivqQ|
wnmby` `yAv 195

f$
fmi=

fi fi
a
& fmmi
A_ t AvKvk iqQ Zvgvì wiwhK I cwZkZ mewKQz| (m~iv AvhhvwiqvZ, 51: 22) G RbB eyhyMvb wKivg gvMwiei ci AekB
m~iv IqvwKAvn wZjvIqvZ KiZb|
m~iv gyjK Gi dhxjZ
m~iv gyjK Avhve Kei _K gyw`vbKvix| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c.
164, nv`xm bs 2890)
KziAvbi 30wU AvqvZ (m~iv gyjK) wKqvgZi w`b wbR cvVKi

Rb Keyj bv nIqv ch kvdvAvZ KiZ _vKe| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5,
c. 164, nv`xm bs 2891)
m~iv Kì Gi dhxjZ

GKevi m~iv Kì covi mvIqve KziAvbi GK PZz_vsk cvVi
mgvb| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 1, c. 954, nv`xm bs 2710)
m~iv whjhvj Gi dhxjZ
ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg m~iv whjhvji cvVKi
Rb Kvwgqvexi myLei w`qQb| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c. 445, nv`xm
bs 1399)
h ew GKevi m~iv whjvhvj coj Zvi Rb wewbgq AaK

KziAvbi mvIqve jLv ne| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 165, nv`xm bs
2893)
m~iv Avw`qvZ Gi dhxjZ

GKevi m~iv Avw`qvZ covi mvIqve AaK KziAvb covi mgvb|
(Zvdmxi gvIqvwneyi ingvb, L. 1, c. 13.)
m~iv ZvKvQzi Gi dhxjZ

m~iv ZvKvQzi GKevi cvV Kivi mvIqve GK nvRvi AvqvZ cvV
Kivi mgvb| (Aveyj Cgvb, L. 2, c. 498, nv`xm bs 2518)
wnmby` `yAv 196

m~iv Kvwdib Gi dhxjZ
h ew m~iv Kvwdib coj Zvi Rb wewbgq GK PZz_vsk
KziAvbi mvIqve jLv ne| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 165, nv`xm bs
2893)
h ew kqbKvj m~iv Kvwdib coe m wkiK _K gyw cve|

m~iv bvmi Gi dhxjZ

m~iv bvQi GKevi covi mvIqve KziAvbi GK PZz_vski mgvb|
m~iv BLjvm Gi dhxjZ

m~iv BLjvm GKevi covi mvIqve KziAvbi GK ZZxqvski
mgvb| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 6, c. 189, nv`xm bs 5013, Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c.
167, nv`xm bs 2896)
h ew m~iv BLjvm coj Zvi Rb RvbvZ IqvwRe nq Mj|
wZb Cgvb`vi ew RvbvZi h ìRv w`q BQv cek Kie

Ges hZjv n~i Cbì mv_ BQv weevn KiZ cvie| (1) h wbR
nZvKvixK gv Ki w`qQ| (2) h Mvcb gvbyli FY Av`vq
KiQ| Ges (3) h ew cZK dih bvgvhi ci `kevi m~iv
BLjvm coQ| (gymbv` Avex Bqvjv, L. 3, c. 332, nv`xm bs 1794)
h ew `kevi m~iv BLjvm coe Zvi Rb enkZ GKwU
evjvLvbv Zwi Kiv ne, h wekevi coe Zvi Rb enkZ `ywU
evjvLvbv Zwi Kiv ne Ges h wk evi coe Zvi Rb enkZ
wZbwU evjvLvbv Zwi Kiv ne| (nhiZ Dgi iv. G A Avgji GZ
cyivii K_v b weq cKvk Kij ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn
Iqv mvjvg ejQb t Avjvni ingZ Zvgvì cwZ GiPqI AbK
ck)| (mybvb `vigx, L. 2, c. 551, nv`xm bs 3429)
wnmby` `yAv 197

m~iv dvjvK I m~iv bvm Gi dhxjZ
G `ywU m~iv Zzjbvnxb| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 170, nv`xm bs 2902)
h Kvb wecv`vc` _K Avjvni Avkq cv_bv Kivi Rb G `ywU
m~ivi bvq Avi Kvb m~iv bB| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c. 463, nv`xm bs
1463)
ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg cZK bvgvhi ci D

m~iv `ywU covi wb`k w`qQb| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 170, nv`xm bs
2903)
9 wgwbU 9 LZg KziAvbi mvIqve

dvq`v t G msw m~ivwj covi KviY Avjvn ZvAvjv wbR
gnievbxZ LZg KziAvbi mvIqve c`vb Ki _vKb| Ze Gi
mvIqve KLbB c~Y LZg KziAvbi dhxjvZi mgvb bq| c~Y LZg
KziAvbi mvIqve I dhxjvZ Gi Pq AbK ewk| ZvB c~Y LZg
KziAvbi ceYZv Avgvì ga AekB _vKv DwPZ|
3 evi m~iv dvwZnv covi mvIqve 2 LZg KziAvbi mgvb
GKevi m~iv dvwZnv covi mvIqve KziAvbi `yB ZZxqvski mgvb
A_vr 3 evi coj 2 LZg KziAvbi mgcwigvY mvIqve cvIqv
hve| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 1, c. 868, nv`xm bs 2495)
4 evi AvqvZzj Kzimx covi mvIqve 1 LZg KziAvbi mgvb
GKevi AvqvZzj Kzimx covi mvIqve KziAvbi GK PZz_vski mgvb
4 evi m~ivZzj Kì covi mvIqve 1 LZg KziAvbi mgvb
GKevi m~iv Kì covi mvIqve KziAvbi GK PZz_vski mgvb
wnmby` `yAv 198

2 evi m~iv whjhvj covi mvIqve 1 LZg KziAvbi mgvb
GKevi m~iv whjvhvj covi mvIqve AaK KziAvb covi mgvb A_vr
2 evi coj 1 LZg KziAvbi mgcwigvY mvIqve cvIqv hve|
2 evi m~iv Avw`qvZ covi mvIqve 1 LZg KziAvbi mgvb

GKevi m~iv Avw`qvZ covi mvIqve AaK KziAvb covi mgvb A_vr
2 evi coj 1 LZg KziAvbi mgcwigvY mvIqve cvIqv hve|
(Zvdmxi gvIqvwneyi ingvb, L. 1, c. 13.)
4 evi m~iv Kvwdib covi mvIqve 1 LZg KziAvbi mgvb

GKevi m~iv Kvdib covi mvIqve KziAvbi GK PZz_vski mgvb
4 evi m~iv bvmi covi mvIqve 1 LZg KziAvbi mgvb
GKevi m~iv bvmi covi mvIqve KziAvbi GK PZz_vski mgvb
3 evi m~iv BLjvm covi mvIqve 1 LZg KziAvbi mgvb
GKevi m~iv BLjvm covi mvIqve KziAvbi GK ZZvski mgvb
hve| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 6, c. 189, nv`xm bs 5013, Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c.
167, nv`xm bs 2896)
1 evi m~iv ZvKvQzi covi mvIqve 1 nvRvi AvqvZ covi mgvb

GKevi m~iv ZvKvQzi cvV Kivi mvIqve GK nvRvi AvqvZ cvV Kivi
mgvb| (Aveyj Cgvb, L. 2, c. 498, nv`xm bs 2518)
LZg KziAvbi `yAv
f ]]i 3 f]]mmi
fm]]mmi
= f]]mmi
3f m if]]i f
a f
]]mi
3 m_e]]i
3
m]]i
1 f]]mmi
b ]mi=
f]]i f]
f
f
]mi
]mi
=f]
b ]i
fmm]
b
]i f]]i f]
] i 9 f]
3 mf]
_f]
] mm$
]mmi
b ]i f]]ifi
wnmby` `yAv 199

b ] mi 1 f]]
G=
] mmi
E ]ifi
f]]
& f]]]i3 f]]
]mmi
=f]]
& f]]]i3 f ]]]mmi
f]]]i f]]
f
]]]i=

]mmi
;mifmi

A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg Keii wbRbZvq Avgvi mv_x nq hvI| n
Avjvn! gnvb KziAvbi Amxjvq Avgvi Dci ing Ki; Ges G
KziAvbK Avgvi Rxebi Rb Bgvg (c_ c`kK) evwbq `vI Ges
GK Avgvi Rb b~i (Avjv), wn`vqvZ I ingZ evwbq `vI| n
Avjvn! Avwg KziAvb gvRxì hv fyj wMqwQ Zv AvgvK iY Kwiq
`vI Ges AvgvK wkwLq `vI hv Avwg Rvwb bv| AvgvK wèv-wbwk
KziAvb gvRx` wZjvIqvZ Kivi ZvIdxK `vb Ki Ges KziAvbK
Avgvi Rb `jxj (AvwLivZ Cgvb, Avgj I bvRvZi cgvY) evwbq
`vI n iveyj Avjvgxb! (Avj-wnheyj Avhg wjjKvix, c. 132)
dvhvqj whwKi
whwKi mK Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb t
fif
f
1 f

i 9fi
m "i
mi
i 9 f
A_ t myZivs Zvgiv AvgvK iY Ki, AvwgI Zvgvì iY ivLev
Ges Avgvi KZZv cKvk Ki; AKZ nqv bv| (m~iv evKvi, 2: 152)

8fi
fmifi

a fi
= f i 9
fmmi
3
f i f m m i
8fmi
fb$f mi
fb mmi
;mifmi
fi f" i
A_ t Avi iY KiZ _vK Zvgvi cwZcvjKK gb gb ^webq I
^fq AbyPî mKvj-mvq Ges D`vmxbì Afy nqv bv| (m~iv
AvbAvg, 7: 205)
f+if i fi
b fi
mmi
E fmi
Ef
f mi
3 f i f i 9 f i f m i fi
fifmmi
A_ t h ew `qvgq Avjvni iY _K wegyL nq Avwg Zvi Rb
GK kqZvb wbqvwRZ Ki `B, AZtci mB nq Zvi mx| (m~iv hyLid,
43: 36)
b mmi
f3i fifmmi
.fi
i fi
i fib m i fm
E fi _
E mm
f
f i 9 f i xf
fi
wnmby` `yAv 200

A_ t h ew Avgvi whwKi (iY) _K gyL wdwiq wbe, Ze Zvi
RxweKv msKxY ne Ges wKqvgZi w`b Avwg ZvK A Aevq DwZ
Kie| (m~iv Zv-nv, 20: 124)
whwKi mK KqKwU nv`xmt
1| h ew Zvi cwZcvjKK iY Ki Avi h ew Zvi
cwZcvjKK iY Ki bv Zvì Zzjbv gZ I RxweZ ewi bvq|
A_vr h ew whwKi Ki m RxweZ Avi h whwKi Ki bv m gZ|
2| GK ewi KvQ AbK UvKv AvQ Ges m Gjv (Avjvni c_)

eq KiQ| AviK ew Avjvn ZvAvjvi whwKi e iqQ| Ze
whwKiKvix ewB Dg| (gyRvgyj AvImvZ, L. 6, c. 116, nv`xm bs
5969)
3| Avhve Kei _K bvRvZ `vbKvix Avgji ga mevg Avgj

nj Avjvn ZvAvjvi whwKi| (gymbv` Avngv`, L. 5, c. 239, nv`xm
bs 22132) Ab GKwU nv`xm Avjvni whwKiK Zuvi Avhve _K
bvRvZ `vbKvix Avgj ejv nqQ| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 459, nv`xm
bs 3377)
0
3 fmm
fm
3
i , 0
m i , F
fi
Ges ei
Gi dhxjvZ
0
0
f3 i t Kvwjgvq ZvInx` Gi dhxjZ
G Kvwjgvi AbK dhxjZ nv`xm ewYZ nqQ| wbg KqKwU bgybv
`qv nj|
1| G Kvwjgvi mePq eo dhxjZ nj, h ew Ggb Aevq G
Kvwjgv coe h, Zvi Ai GKwU Re cwigvY BLjvm ev Cgvb
iqQ Zvnj ZvK `vhL _K ei Kiv ne| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 1, c.
17, nv`xm bs 44)
wnmby` `yAv 201

2| h ew AvwiKZvi mv_ G Kvwjgv cvV Kie m wbq RvbvZ
cek Kie hwÌ m whbv I Pzwi (Gic RNb cvc) Ki _vK|
3| G Kvwjgv cvVKvixi Dci Rvnvbvg nvivg nq hve| (mnxn eyLvix,
L. 8, c. 90, nv`xm bs 6422)
4| h ew BLjvmi mv_ G Kvwjgv coe m RvbvZ cek

Kie| wRm Kiv nj, Kvwjgvi BLjvmi AvjvgZ wK? Avcwb
ejjb t G Kvwjgv ZvK nvivg KvR _K weiZ ivLe| (Zeivbx, L.
5, c. 197, nv`xm bs 5081)
5| Ggb Kvb ev`v bB h G Kvwjgv coQ Ges Zvi Rb AvKvki

ìRv Lyj bB| AZtci Zvi G Kvwjgv mvRv Avik cuQ hvq hw`
m bvn Kexiv _K euP _vK| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 575, nv`xm
bs 3590)
6| nhiZ g~mv (Av.) Avjvn ZvAvjvi wbKU Ave`b Kijb, n

Avjvn! AvgvK Ggb GKwU wRwbm wkwLq `b hvi gvag Avwg
Avcbvi whwKi I `yAv Kie| ZLb Avjvn ZvAvjv ejjb t n g~mv!
Zzwg 0
f3 i cvV Ki| AZtci g~mv (Av.) ejjb t n Avjvn!
Avcbvi me ev`vB Zv Gfve ej| AvgvK GKwU wekl wRwbm `vb
Kib| Avjvn ZvAvjv ejjb t n g~mv! hw` mvZ Avmgvb I Gi
Awaevmx Ges mvZ hgxb I Gi Awaevmx GK cvjvq ivLv nq Ges
0
f3 i -K Aci cvjvq ivLv nq Zvnj 0
f 3 i Gi cvjvB ewk
fvwi ne| (mybvb bvmvqx, L. 6, c. 208, nv`xm bs 10670, gyvìvK
nvwKg, L. 1, c. 710, nv`xm bs 1936)
7| h ew 100 evi G Kvwjgv cvV Kie wKqvgZi w`b Avjvn

ZvAvjv Zvi Pnviv c~wYgvi Puvì bvq b~ivbx Ki DVveb| mw`b
Zvi _K ay H ewiB Avgj Dg ne h ew G Zvmexn Zvi
Pq ewk cwigvY coQ| (gvRgvDh hvIqvwq`, L. 10, c. 96, nv`xm bs
16830)
8| mePq Avdhvj whwKi nj 0

f 3 i Ges mePq Avdhvj `yAv
nj F
3 fm
mi | (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 462, nv`xm bs 3383)
wnmby` `yAv 202

Kvwjgvq kvnv`vZ Gi dhxjZ
1| h_vme PjZ-wdiZ me`v G Kvwjgv kvnv`vZ cov DwPZ|
Kvwjgvq kvnv`vZ Ai _K coe Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvi Dci
Rvnvbvgi Avb nvivg Ki wèb| nhiZ gyAvh web Rvevj (iv.)
Avih Kijb, Bqv ivm~jvjvn! Avwg wK jvKì G mymsev` w`q wè
hvZ Zviv my nq hvq? ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg
ejjb t Zvnj Zv jvKiv ay Gi Dci fimv Ki em _vKe
(Avi evKx mg bK KvR eRb Kie)| G KviYB nhiZ gyAvh
(iv.) nv`xmwU (mZ Mvcb Kivi) bvn _K euvPvi Rb wbR gZzi
c~e eYbv KiQb|
0
8fi
3 fmi
b i fmi
0

fi
= fmm
A_ t Avwg mv w`wQ h, wbq Avjvn eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB|
Avwg AviI mv w`wQ h, wbq gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv
mvjvg Avjvni ivm~j| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 1, c. 37, nv`xm bs 128)
2| A_ev wbgv Kvwjgv kvnv`vZ me`v coZ _vKe|
fi
E fi=
3 fmi
E fmm
0
b i fmi

fi
fmi
A_ t Avwg mv w`wQ h, wbq Avjvn eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB;
Avwg AviI mv w`wQ h, wbq gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv
mvjvg Zuvi ev`v I ivm~j|
dvq`v t nv`xmyj weZvKvZ ewYZ AvQ h, Kvwjgvq kvnv`vZ wjwLZ
KvMRwU H wbivbeB `dZi Acv IRb AbK ewk fvix ne hvi
ga cZKwU `dZi `w mxgv ch j^v ne| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c.
24, nv`xm bs 2639)
0
fm
m i Gi dhxjZ
dvq`v t wKqvgZi w`b c_g ZvìK enkZi w`K WvKv ne,
hviv myL-`ytL me mgq Avjvni cksmv Ki (Avjnvg`y wjjvn
co)| (Aveyj Cgvb, L. 4, c. 90, nv`xm bs 4373)
wnmby` `yAv 203

Pwjk nvRvi bKxi `yAv
dvq`v t h ew `k evi wbgv `yAv cvV Kie Zvi Rb Pwjk
nvRvi bKx jLv ne| (gymbv` Avngv`, L. 4, c. 103, nv`xm bs 16993)
fE]]i f]]mi f]]i fb]]i fbmif
]]i f]]m m i f]]i fbm]]i fb]]i fb]]i
0
f]]i3
f+i fbm i
A_ t Avjvn Qvov Kvb gvey` bB| wZwb GK, GKK I AgyLvcx|
Zvi Kvb x wKsev mvb-mwZ bB| Zvi mgZzj KD bB|
GK j Pwek nvRvi bKxi `yAv
dvq`v-1 t h ew wbgv `yAv GKkZ evi cvV Kie, Zvi Rb
GK j Pwek nvRvi bKx jLv ne| (gymZvìvK nvwKg, L. 4, c.
279, nv`xm bs 7638)
dvq`v-2 t h ew w`b GKkZ evi wbgv `yAv cvV Kie, Zvi

bvnmg~n gvd Ki `qv ne hwÌ Zv mgyì dbvi bvq ewk nq|
dvq`v-3 t h ew wbgv `yAv mKvj-mvq GKkZ evi cvV

Kie, wKqvgZi w`b Zvi G Kvwjgv Acv k evK KD wbq
DcwZ nZ cvie bv| H ew eZxZ, h Zvi Abyic A_ev Zvi
Pq AwaK ewk cvV Kie| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 4, c. 2071, nv`xm bs
2692)
dvq`v-4 t h ew ivZi K mn Kiv _K fq cvq ev KcYZvi

KviY Zvi Rb gvj eq Kiv KwVb ev KvcyilZvi KviY wRnvì
mvnm nQ bv m hb G `yAv ewk ewk co| Kbbv GUv Avjvn
ZvAvjvi wbKU mvbv-icvi cvnvo cwigvY eq Kivi PqI ewk
wcq| (Zeivbx, L. 8, c. 194, nv`xm bs 7811)
fmm
fm
K i 0
m i
A_ t Avwg gnvb Avjvn cvKi cweZv Ges Zuvi cksmv eYbv KiwQ|
(gymbv` Avngv`, L. 5, c. 161, nv`xm bs 21466)
wnmby` `yAv 204

20 j bKxi `yAv
dvq`v t h ew GKevi G Kvwjgv cvV Kie Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvK
20 j bKx `vb Kieb| (gvRgvDh hvIqvwq`, L. 10, c. 95, nv`xm bs
16827, dvhvqj whKi, c. 105)
fb mi fi
i fi
E f m i fi
E fif
E 0
b fi
b fi
fi
f i fmi
f3 i
fifi
fmi
fi
+
A_ t Avjvn Qvov Kvb gvey` bB| wZwb GKK, Zuvi Kvb kixK
bB| wZwb GKK, wZwb Kviv gyLvcx bb| Zuvi Kvb mvb-mwZ
bB| wZwb KviI mvb bb| Zuvi mgZzj KD bB|
AvLivZi `vwo-cvjvq mePq fvix Kvwjgv
f mmmi
fm
fm
K i 0
m i fmm
m i
0
A_ t Avwg gnvb Avjvn cvKi cweZv Ges Zuvi cksmv eYbv KiwQ|
Avjvn gnvb-mvwbZ| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 9, c. 162, nv`xm bs 7563)
Avjvni wbKU mePq cQ`bxq `yAv
dvq`v-1 t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb t wbgv
`yAvwU ejv Avgvi wbKU mgM cw_ex AcvI wcqZi| (mnxn gymwjg,
L. 4, c. 2072, nv`xm bs 2695)
dvq`v-2 t wgivRi ivZ nhiZ Beivnxg (Av.) ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv

AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvgK ejQb t n gynvv`! Avcwb Avcbvi
DZK msev` wèb h, enkZ nj myM-gwKv I wgw
cvwbwewk; wKy mLvb Kvb MvQ bB| Avi Zvi MvQ nj, wbgv
`yAvwU| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 510, nv`xm bs 3462)
dvq`v-3 t h ew wbgv `yAv cvV Kie cZK Kvwjgvi e`j
Zvi Rb RvbvZ GKwU Ki MvQ jvMvbv nq| (gyRvgyj AvImvZ, L. 8,
c. 226, nv`xm bs 8475)
e
3 fmm
fm
3 F
i 0
mi
0 fi
i 0
wnmby` `yAv 205

A_ t Avjvn cwe, mKj cksmv Avjvni, Avjvn Qvov Kvb gve~`
bB Ges Avjvn gnvb| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 8, c. 138, nv`xm bs 6680, mnxn
gvmb~b Ahxdv
w`b-ivZi wekl Ahxdv
1| dRii ci- m~iv Bqvmxb
2| hvnii ci- m~iv dvZvn
3| Avmii ci- m~iv bvev
4| gvMwiei ci- m~iv IqvwKqvn
5| Bkvi ci- (1) m~iv gyjK (2) m~iv `yLvb (3) m~iv mvR`vn Ges
(4) gvbwhj (00bs cvq `Lyb)
6| RygAvi w`b- m~iv Kvnd
è t D m~ivwj DjwLZ bvgvhi ci covi wekl dhxjZ
iqQ| ZvB iZmnKvi cov DwPZ|
mKvj-mvi Ahxdvmg~n
1| wZb Zvmexn (300 evi) mKvj-mvq coewbgewYZ `yAv 100 evi|
ei
3 fmm
fm
3 F
i 0
mi
0
fi

0
h Kvb `yi` kixd 100 evi| hgbK 3 f3 $
fmmmmi
i f3 $ f i fmmi
b fmi
i fmm
3
f
fi
h Kvb BwMdvi 100 evi| hgbf mi Gfi . fm mi f
3 _
0
f m m m i
fi
i f i fi
Dciv wZbwU ZvmexnK wZb Zmexn ej|
dvq`v t wZb Zvmexn Gi AbK dhxjZ ewYZ nqQ| ZvB eyhyMvb
wKivg G AvgjwU me`v Ki _vKb|
wnmby` `yAv 206

è t hviv AwZwi eZvi KviY wZb Zvmexn Av`vq KiZ cvi
bv, Zviv GKevi ev` bv w`q QvU BwMdvi I QvU `yi` co wbZ
cvib| Ze GUv Abyg|
QvU BwMdvi t 0
A_ev 1 f m i G=
f m mmi

QvU `yi` t
m$ 0
f i
i f $ 0 f i A_ev fmi
f
fm
2| eviv Zvmexn (1300 evi) mKvj-mvq coe0
f3 i - 200 evi
0
- 400 evi
0 0
- 600 evi
0
- 100 evi
dvq`v t D ZvmexnK eviv Zvmexn ejv nq, hwÌ GZ ZikZ
Zvmexn iqQ| eyhMy vb wKivg mvwjKxbìK c_g 3 Zmexn
coZ ejb| Zviv wZb ZmexnZ Af nq Mj ci 12
Zmexni Avgj w`q _vKb|
è t `bw`bi wevwiZ Ahxdv RvbZ wnmbyj AhvBd `Lyb|
wewfb mgqi wekl Ahxdv
LZg `yAvq BDbym (Av.)

dvq`v-1 t `ywv I gymxeZ _K `Z bvRvZ cZ ewk ewk G
AvqvZwU cov DwPZ| G `yAvi eiKZB nhiZ BDbym Av. gvQi cU
_K cwivY cqwQjb|
dvq`v-2 t wKQz eyhMy M Y wjLQb h, KD hw` Kvb evjv-gymxeZ
_K gyw cvIqvi Dk `yAvq BDbym 40 w`b ch 1,25,000
(GK j cuwPk nvRvi) evi co| Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvK AekB
cikvbx I gymxeZ _K gyw wèb| cZK w`b 3125 evi Ki
coe|
;mifmi
fifm m i fi
f3 i
f i fmi
wnmby` `yAv 207

A_ t Zzwg eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB| Zzwg cwe (wb`vl) Avwg
bvnMvi| (m~iv Avw^qv, 21: 87)
LZg LvRMvb
dvq`v t LZg LvRMvb Gi G ZiZxewU nvKxgyj DvZ nhiZ
gvIjvbv Avkivd Avjx _vbex (in.) Gi Ljxdvq gvRvh gywnDm mybvn
nhiZ gvIjvbv Aveivij nK nvi`vqx (in.) Gi _K ewYZ| GUv
Avw_K msKU I wecv`vc` _K ivi Rb cixwZ Avgj| `wbK
cvV KiZ ne Ges kl mgmvejx DjL Ki `yAv KiZ ne|
(gvgyjvZ gvQziv, c. 46)
(1) `yi` kixd 3 evi

(2) fmi
0
fm m i 0fi
8fi
f i fmm i
(fi
- 360 evi
mi
(3) m~iv fi
fi
5f
- 360 evi

(4) fmi
0
fm m i 0fi
8fi
f i fm m i
(fi
- 360 evi
(5) `yi` kixd 3 evi
`ywv _K euvPvi wekl Avgj
dvq`v t G `yAvwU cwZw`b 100 evi coj cZK `ywv _K gyw
cve| wekl Kvb cqvRb coj wZb w`b 12 nvRvi evi coe|
(gvKeyj `yAv, c. 164)
Jmmi

fi
3 fmi
fmsmi
1fmi
f mi
fmi
0
fmi
A_ t Avjvn cvK Avgvì Rb h_, Avi Dg Kgmv`bKvix|
fvj ez Ges gnievb| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 4, c. 620, nv`xm bs 2431)
wiwhK ewi wekl Avgj
dvq`v t wiwhK ewi Rb G `yAvwU cZK dRii bvgvhi ci 100
evi coe, wekl Aevq 200 evi coe| hZY ch Aevi
DbwZ bv NU ZZY ch G `yAv coZ _vKe| (gvKeyj `yAv, c.
165)
wnmby` `yAv 208

f \fm
fi fif
i fif
i 0
f m i f i
b m i fEi fmm
i f i mfmqm
i fmi
=fi
f$
L f i i 0
E fmi
K i f ifi 0
mf
fi
mfmmi
fmi

0
b &*
A_ t Avi h ew AvjvnK fq Ki, Avjvn Zvi Rb wbwZi c_
Ki wèb Ges ZvK Zvi aviYvZxZ RvqMv _K wiwhK wèb| Avi
h ew Avjvni Dci fimv Ki Zvi Rb wZwbB h_| Avjvn Zvi
KvR c~Y Kieb| Avjvn mewKQzi Rb GKwU cwigvY wi Ki
iLQb| (m~iv ZvjvK, 65: 2-3)
è t G cZK gvMwiei bvgvhi ci m~iv IqvwKqvn cov
LyeB dj`vqK| m~iv IqvwKqvn Gi dhxjZ 194bs cvq è|
Kvw `~i Kivi Avgj
dvq`v t nhiZ dvwZgv (iv.) KvR-Kgi KviY Kvwi AwfhvM
Kij h~i mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejb t Nygvbvi mgq 33
evi 0
3 fmmi Ges 34 evi e
f
mm i , 33 evi F
coe| Zvnj
i 0
Zvgvi mKj Kvw `~i nq hve Ges GUv Lv`g Acv AbK
Dg| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 4, c. 2092, nv`xm bs 2728)
KwVb ivMi wPwKrmv
kvBLyj Avie Iqvj AvRg nhiZ gvIjvbv mvBb Avngv` gv`vbx
(in.) _K ewYZ h, m~iv dvwZnvi wbgv AvgjwU Ggb me ivM
_K AvivM jvfi Rb cixwZ hme ivM mK WvviMY
wPwKrmvnxb ej w`qQb| (gvgyjvZ gvQziv, c. 67)
1| `yi` kixd 7 evi
2| c_g GKevi fmif
9fi
coe|
i fmmmi
f i 0fi
AZtci fmif
fmi
i f mi
-K m~iv dvwZnvi mv_ wgwjq
3 f i 0
coe, hgb t ;mifmi
3 fmm
fmi
i fmif
i f mi
| Gici Avgxb
3 f i 0
F
G=
eje| Gfve 7 evi m~iv dvwZnv coe|
3| `yi` kixd 7 evi
wnmby` `yAv 209

AZtci m cvwb ev Zj G duyK wè| G cvwb ev Zj ivMx
eenvi Kij m~iv dvwZnvi eiKZ BbkvAvjvn AekB AvivM
jvf Kie|
è t dRii mybvZ I dih bvgvhi gaeZx mgq D wbqg
(A_vr wemwgjvnK m~iv dvwZnvi mv_ wgwjq) 41 evi m~iv dvwZnv
coj KwVb I RwUj ivM (hvi wPwKrmvi Avkv ivMx Qo w`qQ)
fvj ne| i Ges kl 11 evi `yi` kixd coe| hw` mybvZ I
dih bvgvhi gaeZx mgq cov me bv nq Zvnj dRii bvgvhi
ci coe Ges kl eyK duyK wè| (gvgyjvZ BqvIwgqv, c. 11)
99 ivMi wPwKrmv

0fi
8fi
(fi

A_ t Avjvn eZxZ Avi KviI Kvb gZv bB|
dvq`v-1 t G `yAvwU nj, 99wU ivMi wPwKrmv| hvi ga mePq
QvU ivM nj wPv I cikvbx| (wgkKvZzj gvmvexn, L. 2, c. 23, nv`xm
bs 2320)
dvq`v-2 t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg G `yAvwUK

RvbvZi LvRvbv ej AvLvwqZ KiQb| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 8, c. 78,
nv`xm bs 6409)
dvq`v-3 t hLb ev`v G `yAvwU co ZLb Avjvn ZvAvjv

dikZvì ejb t Avgvi ev`v AbyMZ nqQ Ges we`vn Qo
w`qQ| (wgkKvZzj gvmvexn, L. 2, c. 23, nv`xm bs 2322)
dvq`v-4 t nhiZ Ave~ ivqiv (iv.) ejb t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv
AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg G `yAvwU AvgvK ewk ewk coZ ejQb
Kbbv GUv RvbvZi LvRvbv| nhiZ gvKn~j in. (cwm Zveqx)

ejb t h ew fmi
0
0fi
8fi
f i fm m i
(fi
coe Avjvn
ZvAvjv Zvi _K mi cKvii K `~i Kieb| hvi ga mePq
QvU nj `vwi`Zv| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 580, nv`xm bs 3601)
wnmby` `yAv 210
AvqvZ wkdv
ivMgywi 6wU AvqvZ
dvq`v t Kvb RwUj ivM `Lv w`j, GKwU evZj cwivi cvwb
fi GZ GKUz gay I hghgi cvwb wgwkq wbb| AZtci i I
kl `yi` kixd:
f mi fmm
L i f3 $ f i fmmi
i fifi=
3 coe Ges
f
D AvqvZ wkdv 41 evi co cvwbZ `g Kie| `wbK dRii ci
41 w`b ch cvwb cvb Kive| BbkvBjvn AekB wkdv (AvivM
jvf) ne| (BqvDwgqv AvhKvi, c. 106) A_ev AvqvZjv Rvdivb
w`q wjL cvwbZ wgwkq cvb Kive| (gv`viRyb beyqZ)
( : !") ;mifi
( )
L = fi
.fi
fmi
+ _fi
(% :$!) ;mifmm
(# )
b = fmi
i fmi=
a fm i &+fmi
m i (&)
(* :'()) fmm
+ i Gf
E fmmm
i &+fmi f mi
fmi
fifi
+ i fmi
f i |f
+ &+fmi fi
(# :+) ;mifmm
( )
i fmi=
fi 3f m i f i 8 i
(. :,-) ;mmi

i 9 (%)
fmi
fif
( :/01+ 23) &+fmi _fi

b fmi
fi
f i (*)
3 fi fmi
AvqvZ wndvhZ
mKvj-weKvj G AvqvZmg~n cvV Kij mKj wec`vc` _K wndvhZ
ne| (BqvDwgqv AvhKvi, c. 108)
(#%% :/4
) f
( )
mi
fi
E fi

f

mmmi
fmmmmi
b mi fmm
(* :5,) fm
m$ f i f i (#)
(% :6!7) f+mmi

L f \ f3 $ =
(&)
&*
(* :8+!) ;mif

b J
( )
i fi=
fi
fmifi
+ i 0fi
fi
K f i fifi
( :09) 0
f i f i fi
;i
E fm
E (% )
+ mmi
fi ^fm
mm i fmmi
wnmby` `yAv 211

( :1:) fmifm
i f m i fi (*)
E fi f i fi
fmif
i fi
( :1:) f
( )
L mi=
L f \ f i fifmmmi
fmmi
(# :
) ;mifi
( )
fmi
fmi
( # :/01+ 23) f
93 fmmi
b ( )
fi
mmmi
f ifmi
f i f mi
(* :;!-) f
L mi
fi
f
i fi
( .)
0
m$ f
m$ f+ mmi
f
(# :
+) f+mmi
L f \ f3 $ fi=
( )
&*
( :<=) =fi
L fmmi
b ( #)
L f \ fi fmmi
( :>) f+mmi
mi
( &)
Gfmi
+ fif
( . :?@) ;mifm
i fmm
m$ ( )
(##D# :ABC) Lf mm i 5fi
+ 3 i fi
i f
f i ( %)
L a mf+mm
f \ ( *)
( :>?) fifi
+ fmm
fL mi
m$ fmi
gvbwhj
wbgv gvbwhj ev 33 AvqvZ ivM-ewa, wec`vc` Ges wRbkqZvb _K wndvhZi Rb LyeB KvhKix Avgj| ZvB G gvbwhjK
`wbK Ahxdvi ZvwjKvi Afy Kiv DwPZ| G gvbwhj (AvqvZi
Kg-ewki eYbvmn) Gi dhxjZ nhiZ kvn Iqvwj Djvn gynvwm
`njfx (in.) DjL KiQb| nvKxgyj DfZ nhiZ gvIjvbv
Avkivd Avjx _vbex (in.) enkZx RIi G wjLQb t hw` KviI
Dci wRbi AvQi nq Zvnj G AvqvZwj wjL Zvi Mjvq Szwjq
wè Ges cvwbZ duyK w`q Zvi Dci wQuwUq wè| Avi hw` Kvb
Ni wRbi AvQi nq Zvnj cvwbZ duyK w`q Nii Pvi cvk wQuwUq
wè|
wnmby` `yAv 212

fmif
fmi
i f mi

3 f i 0
f i fi
fi
3 fmm
i3 f mif
i
.fi
fm
3 f i ;mifmi
F
G=
i f mi
fmmi
f
i
;mmmi

f
mm
i fmmm
mi
fif
i fifi
fi
mm
i f
;
f

f
ifmi
m$ G fmmm
m$
i J
fmif
fmi
i f mi

3 f i 0
fmmifi
3 f ]i
b f mi
;mmmm
i _fi
fi=
fmifi
i fi9
f i fi
Gfm"
fmi
8f
i fmi
fifmi
fmi
fmm
( fmi
fmifi

fm
f ifi
mi
=
mmi
fm
fmmi
3 i fmi
f i 8f
i fi
i 3fi
b f3 $ fm

fi
i= fi _fi
fi
(f
fi
fi
3 i
fm
m$ &+ fi
m i f ifi
f
fm
. fmi=f
i & f
mmmi
[/4
/!+] fmifi

fi=f
mi
[/4
/!+] f
3 fi
+ fmm]
+ fi
3 f i fi
i f mi
mif
fi
3 i

+ fifi
a fi
E m.fi
3 0
E m.fmmi
a fi fi
^fmmi
+ fmi
f

i fi
fi
_fi
K fmi
mfm

E f m mi
fmifi
mfi9fi
9 f i mx=
fi f mmi
mmi fi
;i

mx=

^f
K f i &Lf
i f i m&fi fmi
if
mmi
i
fmm$
i fmmm
3 fm
f i fif
mi
fi
E
i fmmmi
i ;mi
a f
fmi
fi f i fi
f
fmmmmi
.fmm
3 f i fi
^ fifmifi
i
mi
f
Ffi
i f3 ifi
fi fmmm
i
(f
fmi
f m mi f mi
wnmby` `yAv 213

1 ^fm
3 fi fi
0
f i fmif
mmi
1
0
f+mm$
fmi

f+ mmi
m i fmi
^fm
1 = fmi
mmi
= fmi
m i f ifi
f
f i fmi
fif
m i ^ fifmi
fifmi

[/4
/!+] fifi
3 i
fi
fm mi
Gfm
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=fmi
fi
3
fmmifm
a fi
3 a fi F
^fmmi
x=
i f mm i fmm
mi a fi fmi
fi 3 f+i fi
0
f m mmi
&L*
&fmi f mi
&fmi f i G fmi

f \ f3 $ 0
K fmqi
K fmmm
K 3 mi
fmi=
3 fi 3 f+ \ fmifmi
8f
i fmi
Ffi
8 fif
fK i= fi fmi
i
K fi fi
Jmmi
fmi=
f m i fmmi
fi
fmmmi
fifi
L ;i
{ f m i
fmi=
fmi
fmi=
fmmqi
fi fmm
fi fmi
f mi i
m$ fmmi
fmmi
fmmi
b 0

f i f ifi
fm)mi
fmi=
fifmi
m$ f m mi
E fmi
f $ fmmmi

fififi
fb i fm)
fi fmm
K fmi
f
fmi=
mfmi
fi
fi
mfmi
f mi
fifi
mm

mfmmmi
i
i mfmmi=
[/4
/!+] f
m ifi mfifi
f $ fif
if i fi i .fmi

3 mmi
fmm
fif mi
fmi
3 fmmifi
3 fi
E 0

fi
fi
fmi
b fi fmmi
fi
fi
fi
[GH9 IJ /!+] f
i
mmm
f i f m i &fmi

i
Bfi
fifi
fm
f mi
f i fmmi
fmmi
&fmi
fmmi
3mi f i
&fmi
a f mmi
&fmi
Jm
f i 8fi

f ifi f+i fi
&L*
f \ f3 $ fi
i fmi
m i f
m i f mmi
f
mmi
a =fmmi
i |f
i f i fmm
i |f

f i f
=fmmi
f ifi
[GH9 IJ /!+] Gfmi
i
f i {f
&fmi
L Jmi
wnmby` `yAv 214

f
a x=
^fmmi
3 f mi _
mi
0
L fmi

f $ _fmi
fmi=
fi
.fi

3 fi
f
E mmi
K i fi ^L f m mi
fbm)mi
f m i
fm
f mmi
=fmmi
m i f mmi
. fm
f mmi
b f$f
fi
f i
fi
f mmi fi
E fmmi

f mi=
b mi
=fmi
G=
0
;mifmi
b fi
fifi
fi fmmmi
a fmmi
x=
fm
fi
fmi

fmi
i
[K9 /!+] ;mmm
fmi=
fmmi
b

mi
f i f
+ if i 0
f mm
f3 mm
i f mi

f i
3 f i fi
i
fi
0
i &fmi
f mi fifi
fif
fi
3 fmm
fi
93 ;i
fmi
i f i fbmsi
m i
F
fif
f m i fmi
fi

_fi
mi
Jm"
f i +1
a f+ if i fi
E f m i fi
E f m i fi
b fm

fi
fmmi
fi
b i ei
8fi
[+ /!+]
fmif
fmi
i f mi

3 f i 0
b f
fifi
m 3 mi
3 fb i ^f
mifi
i f ifi fmi
+ fmm
fb i 9 ^fmm
3
3]i
fmifi
fi {=fmmi
^fmmi
3 G=
x=
fmi
G=
fi
&fmmi
fmmm)i

fmmmi
fmi
if i
L L fmmi
b fif"
1
f \ fi fmmi
i fm
=fi
f i fi
L f \ f i fifmi
+ fmi
=b fi
fifi
f3 $
+ Gf$
b fi
f i .
fi fifi

E f mmm
fi
fmmi
i fmi
m mi
+ fmmifi
f
+ Gfmi
[<= /!+] G
mi
L ;i
L fi fifmm
mi fi mfmm
x=
f m i f mmi
fi
^fmmi
3 =fmi
fmmmmi
f i
f i f
mmi

f i f i fi
i fmm
fmi
L f
f"
i = & 3 _
fmmmi
mmi f
mifi
fi
+ fmmm
i fi fm
i fmm
+ i =fi
fmi
f"
mm
i= & 3 _
f
m$
L fi fi
wnmby` `yAv 215

b fifi
fmm

i 9fi
(=
i &fmmi
fmi
fif\
i= & 3 _
fi
fmm
fmm
K i9 f i 8fmi
fmifmi
L fi
i
+ f+i fm
fmi
f"
i= & 3 _
fi
[LM /!+] fi
i
f"
3 fmif
fmi
fmmi
f i f$b fmmi
0
i fi
E i fL m i f3 $ 3f m i fi
fmifi
b fmif
fmmmi
fif$
mi
3 _fi
8f

fmif
fi
0
mi
m m mi
fi
fi
f
fmmi
fmmi
fi
3 _fi
fmmi
3 f i fi
fi
0
i fmi

fi
fmif
(fmmi
fmi
fm
. fmi
f i fmi
m i e"
f m mmmi
0

=fmm
fmi
m mi
i f if mi
f ifm i 0
fi fi

f3 mm
E f mmi
= fmmi
fi
=fmi
i &fmi
fi
fif
mi
[-: /!+] f
^fmmi
3 a
fi
m i f i f mi
mm
x=
fmif
fmi
i f mi

3 f i 0
_

1
fi
fi fifmi
1
fmm
b i fib 3f i fmmmi
fmi
f i
f m i f i f+ m i f mmi
b fm
i fi fm i= fi
K fmi
mi
fmifi
f i fi
3fi fif
E fi
1fmi
b fm if i f
i
3 fi
[LN /!+] fmmi
f $ fmm
mmi
8 fmi
E fi
b
fi
b 0
f\
fmif
fmi
i f mi

3 f i 0
fmi
fmmi
fi fif$
f
f3i f i
fm
fi fmi
ifi i fmi
i
fi fif$
f"
fi

fi fif$
+ fi
fm
m i f"
i fmi
i
fmi
fmif
fmi
i f mi

3 f i 0
[GB<O /!+] f

i 1
fb mi fi
E f m i fi
0
+ 0
fi
fi
fi
fi
f i
fifi
fmi
fmmi
[PQR /!+] fi
+
wnmby` `yAv 216

fmif
fmi
i f mi

3 f i 0
fi
fL i f f i f i f mi fi f i f i f mm i Gf
i 9 fi
f i
9
3 f i f i
[ST@ /!+] fmi
fifi
m3mmi
9
L f i f i fmmi
a f
fmif
fmi
i f mi

3 f i 0
fifi
fmi
f i f i fmi
f 3 i fmi
fmi
Gf
i 9 fi
f i
/!+] fmi
i f i fmi
_fi
fmm
= fi
i
fmm
a fifi
[U)
dvhvqj AvmgvDj mbv

(Avjvni wbivbeBwU bvg)
Avjvn ZvAvjvi wbivbeBwU (Z_v GK Kg GKkZ) bvg iqQ|
h ew G bvgjv gyL Kie m RvbvZ cek Kie| (mnxn eyLvix,
L. 3, c. 198, nv`xm bs 2736, mnxn gymwjg, L. 4, c. 2062, nv`xm bs
2677, Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 530, nv`xm bs 3507)
AvmgvDj mbv covi ci `yAv Kij m `yAv Keyj nq| ZvB

cZK gymjgvbK AekB AvmgvDj mbv gyL Kiv DwPZ|
AvmgvDj mbvi AviI GKwU w`K iqQ| AvmgvDj mbv nj,
Avjvn ZvAvjvi YevPK bvg| cZKwU bvgi GKwU myì A_, Y
I PvwiwK wkv iqQ| hw` ev`v wbRK Avjvn ZvAvjvi G
YvejxZ Yvw^Z Ki Zvnj m Zuvi wcq ev`vì Afy ne|
ZvB cZK bvgi A_, Y I PvwiwK wkv cZK gymjgvbi Rvbv
Ges m Yvejx wbRi ga cwZv Kivi Pv Kiv DwPZ|
G wjLwbZ AvmgvDj mbvi PvwiwK wkv I Yvejx
mswvKvi ck Kiv nqQ| wKy G bvejx I mswk welqvw`
wevwiZfve Dcvcb Kivi LyeB cqvRb| Gi viv gymjgvbì
eZgvb kvPbxq AvLjvK I Pwii wPwKrmv me ne| AvmgvDj
wnmby` `yAv 217

mbvi Yvejxi wevwiZ AvjvPbv AvmgvDj mbvi PvwiwK wkv
wkivbvg c_K Kvb wjLwbZ ck Kiv ne Bb&kvAvjvn|
wbgewYZ 99wU AvmgvDj mbvjv Rvg wZiwghx _K bKj
Kiv nqQ| Gwj Qvov Avjvn ZvAvjvi AviI wKQz AvmgvDj mbv
Z_v YevPK bvg iqQ| Ze G wbivbeBwUB cwm| Djvgvq
wKivgi c _K AvmgvDj mbvi wekl dhxjZ I KvhKvwiZv
ewYZ nqQ| wbg Bgvg Rvhix (in.) Gi gZvbyhvqx AvmgvDj mbvi
wKQz dhxjZ I Ahxdv eYbv Kiv nQ| (wnmb nvmxb, c. 48-66)
c_g bvg I A_, Zvici H bvgi PvwiwK wkv eYbv Kiv
nqQ| AZtci H bvgi dhxjZ ewYZ nqQ|
1. 0
- Avjvn ZvAvjvi hvZx bvg
wkv t Avjvn ZvAvjvi mv eZxZ Kviv w`K avweZ ne bv|
h ew `wbK 1000 evi 0
fi coe Zvi Ai _K hveZxq
m`n `~i ne Ges Ai BqvKxb I wekvm mw ne|
Kvb `~ivivM I wPwKrmvnxb ivMx ewk ewk 0
fi co Ges
Avjvni wbKU ivMgywi `yAv Ki m AvivM jvf Kie|
2. fmi
3 f i - cig KiYvgq
wkv t Avjvn ZvAvjvi ev`vì cwZ KiYv I ing Ki|
h ew cZK bvgvhi ci 100 evi fm3 i = fi cvV Kie Zvi
Ai _K mKj cKvii wbziZv, wbggZv I MvdjZ `~i ne|
3. fmif
i - AwZ `qvjy
wkv t Avjvn ZvAvjvi ev`vì cwZ `qv I ing Ki|
h ew cZK bvgvhi ci 100 evi fmi=
fi cvV Kie, m
mg cvw_e wec`vc` _K wbivc` _vKe Ges mg gvLj~L
Zvi Dci gnievb _vKe|
wnmby` `yAv 218
4. fmmi
- ev`kvn
wkv t wbRi bd&mi Dci kvmb Ki|
h ew `wbK dRii bvgvhi ci AwaK cwigvY fmi
fi cvV
Kie Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvK abx Ki wèb|
5. fm
i - cvK-cwe
wkv t xb eZxZ mKj wRwbm _K cwe nq hvI (A_vr
ZvM Ki)|
h ew `wbK m~h Xj hvevi ci AwaK cwigvY fi
fi cvV
KiZ _vKe Zvi Ai AvwZK ivMgy _vKe|
hw` 319 evi co wgw wRwbmi Dci duyK w`q kK LvIqvbv
nq, Zvnj k ez nq hve| (kin AvmgvDj mbv)
6. .fmi
- kvw`vZv
wkv t bvn I KzPwi _K wbivc` _vK|
h ew AwaK cwigvY .fi fi cvV KiZ _vKe m mKj cKvi
wec`vc` _K wbivc` _vKe|
h ew 115 evi .fi fi cvV Ki Kvb ivMxi Dci duyK wè
Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvK wkdv (myZv) `vb Kieb|
7. fi fmi
- wbivcv `vbKvix
wkv t gvbylì wbR wRnv I nvZ _K wbicv` ivL|
h ew Kvb fq-fxwZi mgq 630 evi f i fi
fi cvV Kie m
mKj cKvii fq I Awb _K wbivc` _vKe|
h ew f i fi
fi cvV Kie Ges wjL mv_ ivLe Zvi hvwni I
evwZb (evwni I wfZi) wbivcvq _vKe|
wnmby` `yAv 219
8. fm mmmi
- ivKvix
wkv t wbR hvwni I evwZbK bvn I KzPwi _K iv Ki|
h ew Mvmj Ki `yivKAvZ bvgvh co BqvKxbi (wekvmi)

mv_ 100 evi fm mm
i fi cvV Kie Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvi hvwni I
evwZbK cwe Ki wèb| Avi h ew 115 evi coe m
ARvbv wRwbm mK AeMZ ne|
9. fif m i - kwkvjx, weRqx

wkv t wbR bdmi wei KVvi I Rqx nI|
h ew Pwjk w`b hveZ 40 evi Ki f i f i fi cvV Kie Avjvn
ZvAvjv ZvK mvwbZ I AvZ wbfikxj evwbq wèb|
h ew `wbK dRii bvgvhi ci 41 evi Ki f i f i fi cvV
Kie m Kviv gyLvcx ne bv Ges AwaK mvb nvwmj ne|
10. =fmm
i - gZvkvjx
wkv t myì Yvejx ARb Ki, Ryjyg ZvM Ki|
h ew `wbK mKvj-mv 226 evi =fmi
fi cvV Kie m
hvwjgi wbhvZb I va _K wbivc` _vKe|
h ew icvi AvswUi Dci =fmi
fi wjL eenvi Kie gvbyli
Ai Zvi kvb-kIKZ (ghv`v I fq) cq`v ne|
11. e"
- gwngvw^Z, Mievw^Z
m mi
wkv t `ywbqv Ges Gi m wRwbm mg~nK ZzQ gb Ki|
h ew AwaK cwigvY e"
m i fi cvV Kie Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvK
mvb I eoZ `vb Kieb|
h Kvb KvRi AvM ewk ewk e"
m i fi cvV Kij m KvR
mdjKvg ne|
wnmby` `yAv 220

hw` Kvb ew x mnevmi c~e 10 evi e"
m i fi cvV Ki
Zvnj Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvK bK mvb `vb Kieb| (kin
AvmgvDj mbv)
12. f ifm i - mwKZv

wkv t wbRi ga myì Yvejx Ges bK Avgj cwZv Ki|
h ew mvZw`b ch 100 evi Ki f ifi fi cvV Kie m mKj
h ew m`v-me`v f ifi fi cvV Kie Avjvn ZvAvjv GKRb
dikZv mw Kieb h Zvi Rb Bev`Z KiZ _vKe Ges H
ewi Pnviv me`v b~ivbx (Dj) _vKe|
i - DvebKZv, mwKZv
13. =fm
wkv t wbRi ga myì Yvejx Ges bK Avgj cwZv Ki|
fi cvV Kie, gviv hvIqvi ci
h ew cwZ mvq 100 evi =fi
ZvK Kei _K wiqvh Kz`ym (RvbvZi Ask wekl) G wbq
hvIqv ne| (kin AvmgvDj mbv)
hw` wb tmvb Kvb bvix mvZ w`b ivhv ivL Ges cvwb viv
cvV Ki Zvnj m cy
BdZvi Kivi ci 21 evi =f mmi =fmi
mvb jvf Kie|
14. =fmmi
- AvKwZ `vbKvix
wkv t wbRi ga myì Yvejx Ges bK Avgj cwZwZ Ki|

15. =fmm
i - gvkxj
wkv t gvbyli fyj-vw gv KiZ _vK|

h ew RygAvi bvgvhi ci 100 evi =fmi
fi cvV Kie Zvi
Dci gvi wb`kbejx cKvk cZ _vKe|
wnmby` `yAv 221

h ew `wbK Avmii bvgvhi ci 1f
m i =fmi
fi cvV Kie
Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvK gvcv jvKì Afy Kieb|
16. =fmm
i - gnv kvw`vZv
wkv t bvd&m I kqZvbK wbcwZZ ivL|
h ew `ywbqvi gneZ MdZvi m hw` ewk ewk =fmi
fi cvV
Ki Zvnj Zvi Ai _K `ywbqvi fvjevmv `~i nq hve Ges
Ai Avjvn ZvAvjvi gneZ cq`v ne|
17. Gfif
i - gnvb `vZv
wkv t Avjvni ivvq Rvb-gvj wbtmvP eq Ki|
h ew Afve-AbUb I zav-`wi`Zvq wj nq m hw` AwaK
cwigvY Gf
fi cvV Ki ev wjL wbRi KvQ ivL A_ev
i
PvkZi bvgvhi mekl mR`vq 40 evi Gfi
fi cvV Kie
Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvK aviYvZxZfve Afve-AbUb I zav-`vwi`
_K wbwZ wèb|
hw` Kvb wekl mgmv ev cqvRb `Lv `q Zvnj Ni A_ev
gmwRì eviv`vq wZbwU mR`v Ki nvZ DVve Ges 100 evi
Gfi
fi cvV Kie BbkvAvjvn mgmv `~i ne Ges cqvRb c~Y
ne|
h ew dRii bvgvhi ci 300 evi Gfi
fi cvV Kie Zvi
wiwhK ck Ki `qv ne| i I kl 11 evi `yi` coe
Ges `yAv Kie| (kin AvmgvDj mbv)
18. {f
i - wiwhK`vZv
wkv t wbR cwievi-cwiRb I QvìK Lvicvk (fvZKvco) I DcKvix wkv w`Z _vK|
wnmby` `yAv 222

h ew dRii bvgvhi c~e wbR evoxi Pvi KvY 10 evi Ki
{=
fi cvV Ki duyK wè Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvi Rb wiwhKi
ìRv Lyj wèb Ges ivM I `wi`Zv Zvi Ni cek Kie bv|
Wvb KvY _K i Kie Ges Pnviv wKejvgyLx ivLe|
mi - weRq`vZv
19. 5fm
wkv t Bjg Ges DcKvii ìRv e Kie bv| SMov-weevì
dqmvjv Ki `vI|
h ew dRii bvgvhi ci `ynvZ eyKi Dci eua 70 evi
fi cvV Kie Zvi Ai Cgvbi b~i cwic~Y I AvjvwKZ
5fmi
nq hve|
20. fmmm
i - me
wkv t DcKvix vb (wkv) ARb Ki|
h ew AwaK cwigvY fmm$
fi cvV Kie Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvi
Rb Bjg I wnKgì ìRv Lyj wèb|
21. f
ifm i - AvqKvix
wkv t bdm we`vn Kij Zvi cwZ KVviZv Aej^b Ki|
h ew iwUi Pvi UzKivi Dci f ifi fi wjL 40 w`b ch Lve
m zav, wccvmv, hLg I ev_vi K _K wbivc` _vKe|
22. fifm
i - mcmviYKvix
wkv t bdm nq Mj Zvi cwZ big AvPiY Ki|
h ew `wbK PvkZi bvgvhi ci AvKvki w`K nvZ Zzj 10
evi fifi
fi cvV Kie Ges Pnvivi Dci nvZ wdive Avjvn
ZvAvjv ZvK abx evwbq wèb Ges m KLbv Abi gyLvcx
ne bv|
wnmby` `yAv 223

cZK bvgvhi ci 72 evi fifi
fi cvV Kiv wiwhKi ckZvi
Rb LyeB KvhKix| (kin AvmgvDj mbv)
23. f
i fm i - cZbKvix
wkv t evwZjK me`v bxPz ivL|
h ew `wbK 500 evi f i fi fi cvV Kie Zvi mgmvejx `~i
ne Ges cqvRb c~Y ne|
h ew wZbwU ivhv ivLvi ci PZz_ w`b GK vb em 70 evi
f
ifi fi coe m ki Dci Rqx ne|
24. f i f i - DbwZ c`vbKvix

wkv t nKK me`v mgyP ivL|
h ew cZK gvmi PZz`k ivwi gaivZ 100 evi f i = fi
cvV Kie m gvLj~Li gyLvcx _vKe bv Ges abx nq hve|
25. f m mi - mvb`vZv

wkv t bKKviìK mvb `vI|
h ew mvgevi ev evi gvMwiei bvgvhi ci 40 evi f m i fi
cvV Kie Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvK gvbyli ga mvwbZ I
cfvekvjx evwbq wèb|
26. 8fmi
- AcgvbKvix
wkv t g` jvKìK bxP fve|
h ew 75 evi 8fi
fi cvV Ki mR`viZ Aevq `yAv Kie
Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvK wnsmv I wel cvlYKvix Ges hvwjg I
ki Awb _K wbivc` ivLeb| hw` wekl Kvb ew k
nq Zvnj mR`vi ga Zvi bvg DjL Ki Gfve `yAv Kien Avjvn! AgyK hvwjg A_ev ki Awb _K AvgvK wbivc` ivL|
wnmby` `yAv 224
27. fmm
mi
- mekvZv
wkv t fvj K_v b|
h ew enwZevi PvkZi bvgvhi ci 500 evi A_ev 100

evi A_ev 50 evi fmmi
fi cvV Kie BbkvAvjvn Zvi mKj `yAv
Keyj ne| covi gvS Kviv mv_ K_v eje bv|
h ew enwZevi dRii mybvZ I dihi gvS 100 evi
f mmi
fi cvV Kie Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvi w`K wekl KiYvi `w
wèb Ges weklfve Zvi hZevb neb|
28. Jmmi
- me`v
wkv t ay Rvqh wRwbm `L|
h ew RygAvi bvgvhi ci 100 evi Jmi
fi cvV Kie Avjvn
ZvAvjv Zvi `wkw ew Ki wèb Ges Ai b~i `vb
Kieb|
29. fmm
i - wePviK, Av`k c`vbKvix
wkv t wbR Ges Acii dqmvjv KiZ _vK|
h ew kl ivZ Ah~ Aevq 99 evi fmi

fi cvV Kie Avjvn
ZvAvjv Zvi AiK Cgvb I wnKgvZi Avjv viv AvjvwKZ
Kieb|
h ew evi ivZ fmi
fi AwaK cwigvY coZ coZ
AvZnviv nq hve Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvi AiK Kvk&d I Bjnvg
`vb Kieb|
30. 8fm
i - bvq dqmvjvKvix
wkv t me`v bvqi ccvwZZ Ki|
h ew RygAvi w`b A_ev RygAvi ivZ 20 UzKiv iwUi Dci
fm
i fi wjK Lve, Avjvn ZvAvjv gvLj~KK Zvi AbyMZ evwbq
wèb|
wnmby` `yAv 225
31. fmmmi
- m~`kx
wkv t bgZv Aej^b Ki| wePY nI|
h ew 133 evi fmmi
fi cvV Kie Zvi wiwhK eiKZ ne Ges
Zvi mKj KvR myfve mb ne|
h ew Afve-AbUb, mxgvnxb AmyZv I wec`vcì mgq
fvjfve Ah~ Ki `yivKAvZ bvgvh co wbR DkK Ai
iY iL 100 evi fmmi
fi cvV Kie BbkvAvjvn Zvi Dk
c~iY ne|
32. Jmm
i - meRvv, mevbx
wkv t bdm Gi avKvi cwZ mRvM `w ivL|
h ew mvZ w`b ch J
fi AwaK cwigvY cvV Kie Zvi
mi
Dci f` cKvwkZ nZ ne|
Kvb ew bvdmvbx Lvqk (AvZcebvq) cwZZ nj Jmi
fi
AwaK cwigvY cvV Kie| BbkvAvjvn Gi _K invB cve|
33. fmmm
i - ahkxj
wkv t mwnzZv (mnbkxjZv) Aej^b Ki|
h ew fmmi
fi Kvb KvMR ayq wbe Ges cvwb h wRwbmi
Dci wQwUq wè H wRwbm eiKZ I KjvY ne Ges H wRwbm
34. fmmm
i - gnvb
wkv t xb kLvi evcvi mvnm ivL|
h ew fmmi
fi AwaK cwigvY cvV Kie Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvi
mvb I gnZ evwoq wèb|
wnmby` `yAv 226
35. =f mm i - gvkxj

wkv t gvbyli fyjmg~n gv Ki `vI|
h ew =f
mi fi AwaK cwigvY cvV Kie Zvi mg `ytL-K I
`y`kv `~i nq hve Ges gvj I AvIjv` eiKZ ne|
nv`xm GmQ, h ew mR`vi ga 3 evi 1f
m i G = fi cvV
Kie Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvi Rxebi mKj bvn gv Ki wèb|
36. =fmmi
- g~jvqbKvix, KZZv
wkv t Avjvni bqvgZi Rb wqv vcb Ki|
h ew Avw_K Afve-AbUb Ges `ytL-K I `ywvq cwZZ ne

fi cvV Kie, m `ytL-K _K invB
`bwK 41 evi =fmi
cve|
37. f m i - mgyP, DP ghv`vkxj

wkv t `ywbqv`viì KvQ bxPz ne bv|
h ew f $ fi me`v coZ _vKe Ges wjL wbRi wbKU ivLe
Zvi ghv`v ew ne, mQjZv ARb ne Ges Avkv c~iY ne|
38. Jm"
i - mygnvb, mek
wkv t `ywbqv`viì KvQ bxPz ne bv|
Kvb ew ^x` c` _K eiLv nq Mj m hw` mvZ w`b ivhv

ivL Ges `wbK 1000 evi Jmi
fi co Zvnj m wbR c` cybenvj
ne Ges Zvi gnZI evoZ|
39. fmm mi - ivKZv, ZveavqK

wkv t kixAvZi mxgv iv Ki (f Kiv bv)|
h ew fmm i fi AwaK cwigvY coe Ges wjL wbRi wbKU
ivLe m mKj cKvi fq, Avkv I Awb _K wbivc` _vKe|
wnmby` `yAv 227
40. fmmmi
- RxweKv c`vbKvix
wkv t zavZ ewì LvIqvI|
h ew Lvwj cqvjv (ev Mvm) Gi ga 7 evi fmmi
fi co dzuK
w`q m cqvjvq wbR cvwb cvb Kie Ges AbK cvwb cvb
Kive Zvi Dk c~Y ne|
41. fmmm
i - h_, wnmve cixK
wkv t gvbyli cqvRb c~iY Ki| wbR bdmi wnmve bvI|
h ew Kvb ew wKsev Kvb wRwbmK fq Ki m hw`

enwZevi i Ki cieZx 8 w`b ch mKvj-mvq 70 evi
fmmm
f
co m mKj wRwbmi Awb _K wbivc`
mi
i 0
_vKe|
42. fmmm
i - gnv-ghv`vkxj
wkv t myì Yvejxi gvag wbRi ga eyhMy x cq`v Ki|
h ew gkK I hvdivb viv fmmi

fi wjL wbRi KvQ ivLe
Ges AwaK cwigvY cvV Kie Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvK mvb I
ghv`v `vb Kieb|
43. fif
" i - eo `qvevb, AbyMnKvix
wkv t `qv Ges `vbi Afvm Aej^b Ki|
h ew `wbK kvqvi mgq fif
i fi coZ coZ Nygve, Avjvn
ZvAvjv ZvK Djvgv I mvjnxbì gvS mvb I ghv`v `vb
Kieb|
44. fmif
i - iK, `kK
wkv t bdm I kqZvbi _K wePY _vK, hb Zvgvi Dci
weRqx bv nZ cvi|
wnmby` `yAv 228

h ew `wbK wbR mvb-mwZ I ab-mì Dci 7 evi
fmi=
fi co duyK w`Z _vKe Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvK mKj evjvgymxeZ _K wbivc` ivLeb|
45. fmm
mi
- `yAv KeyjKvix
wkv t Avjvn ZvAvjvi wewa-weavb Keyj Ki|
h ew fmm
i fi AwaK cwigvY coe, Zvi `yAv Avjvn
ZvAvjvi ìevi Keyj ne|
46. f i f i - Amxg

wkv t gvbyli cwZ jb-`b msKxYZv Kiv bv|
h ew f i fi AwaK cwigvY coe Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvK
hvwnix I evwZbx m` `vb Kieb|
47. fmmm
i - wnKgZIqvjv, eo vbx
wkv t wnKgvZ I cv (Zèxi) Gi vb ARb Ki|
h ew fmmi
fi AwaK cwigvY coZ _vKe Avjvn ZvAvjv
Zvi Dci vbi vi Dby Ki wèb|
Kvb ewi hw` Kvb Dk nvwmj bv nq m hb wbqwgZ
fmmi
fi coZ _vK, BbkvAvjvn Zvi Dk c~Y ne|
48. f
i - AZ mngq, k ez
wkv t xb`vi ewK fvj evm|
h ew 1000 evi
fi co Lvevii Dci duyK wè Ges xi
mv_ em m Lvevi Lve Zvnj BbkvAvjvn ^vgx-xi gvS
SMov-wee` kl nq hve Ges gneZ cq`v ne|
wnmby` `yAv 229

49. fmm
mi
- AZ ghv`vkxj, eyhMy xIqvjv
wkv t Pwi Ki eyhMy x ARb Ki|

h ew Kvb K`vqK ivM Avv ne m Puvì 13, 14 Ges
15 ZvwiL ivhv ivLe Ges BdZvii mgq fmm
i fi ewk ewk
co cvwbi Dci duyK w`q cvb Kij BbkvAvjvn H ivM
`~ixf~Z ne|
50. fifm
i - cybivbKvix, Rxeb mviKvix
wkv t AiK RxweZ (cvYgq) ivL|
h ew `wbK kvqvi mgq eyKi Dci nvZ iL 100 evi
fifi
fi coe Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvi AiK Bjg I wnKgZ viv
RxweZ Ki wèb|
51. fmmmi
- mvx, DcwZ (nvwhi I bvwhi)
wkv t bK KvR DcwZ _vK|
h ewi x A_ev mvbvw` Aeva m mKvj ejv Zvì Kcvj
nvZ iL 21 evi fmmi
fi co duyK wè BbkvAvjvn Zviv AbyMZ
nq hve|
52. f m i - mZ, mycwZwZ

wkv t nK (mwVK) KvR Pv Ki|
h ew Pvi KvY wewk KvMRi Pvi Kvbvq f m i wjL mnixi
mgq KvMRwUK nvZi ZvjyZ iL AvKvki w`K nvZ DuPz Ki
`yAv Kie BbkvAvjvn m Zvi nvivbv ew ev ey cq hve
Ges wZ _K wbivc` _vKe|
wnmby` `yAv 230
53. f mi
f i - mgmv mgvavbKvix, Kg-weavqK
wkv t gvbyli KvR mnhvMx nI|
h ew AvKwK wecì fq AwaK cwigvY fmi

fi coZ
_vKe BbkvAvjvn m hveZxq wec`vc` _K wbivc` _vKe|
54. _fm
i - kwkvjx
wkv t xbi cwZ `p I AUj _vK|
h ew eve gvhj~g, `yej Ges civ ne m H AZvPvix I

kwai kK cwZnZ Kivi wbqZ AwaK cwigvY _ f i fi coe
BbkvAvjvn k _K wbivc` _vKe| Ze cqvRb Qvov G
Avgj Kie bv|
55. ;mmi
- AUj, ewj
wkv t xbi cwZ `p I AUj _vK|
h bvixi b `ya Avm bv ZvK GKwU KvMR ;mmi

wjL aZ
Ki cvb Kivj BbkvAvjvn Zvi b cPzi cwigvY `ya Avme|
56. 1f
i - ez, AwffveK
wkv t xbi Zid`vix Ki|
h ew wbR xi AvPiY I Pwi viv Amy, m hLb Zvi

mvgb hve 1 fi ewk ewk coe BbkvAvjvn xi AvPiY I
Pwi wVK nq hve|
57. fmmm
i - ckswmZ
wkv t cksmvi DchvMx nI|
h ew cqZvwjk w`b ch `wbK wbRb 93 evi fmmi
fi coZ
_vKe Zvi mg Lvivc Pvj-Pjb I Afvm `~i nq hve|
wnmby` `yAv 231
58. f
- myz MYbvKvix
m mi
wkv t wbR KZ Avgj gb ivL|
h ew `wbK iwUi 20 UzKivi Dci f
m i fi co duyK w`q
Lve Avjvn ZvAvjvi mKj gvLj~K Zvi AbyMZ nq hve|
mmi
59. f
- c_g mRbKvix, Avw` mwKvix
wkv t bK KvR AvM _vK|
h ew MfeZx bvixi cUi Dci nvZ iL mvnixi mgq 99
i fi coe BbkvAvjvn Zvi AKvj MfcvZ NUe bv|
evi fm
60. fmmmi
- cybivq mwKvix
wkv t bK KvR evievi KiZ _vK|
wbLuvR ewK wdi cZ Nii mg jvK Nygvbvi ci Nii
Pvi KvYi cZK KvY 70 evi Ki fmm
i fi coe BbkvAvjvn
mvZ w`bi ga nvivbv ew wdi Avme A_ev Zvi LuvR
cvIqv hve|
61. f
- Rxeb `vZv
mi
wkv t wbR AiK RxweZ ivL|
h ew AwaK cwigvY f
i fi coe A_ev Kvb Amy ewi
Dci co duyK wè BbkvAvjvn m AvivM jvf Kie|
h ew 89 evi f
mi co wbRi Dci duyK wè m mKj
cKvi ew` Aev _K wbivc` _vKe|
wnmby` `yAv 232
62. fmmmi
- gZz `vZv
wkv t bd&mK gi dj|
h ewi bdm Zvi wbqY bq, m kqbKvj eyKi Dci nvZ
iL fmm
mi coZ coZ Nywgq coj Zvi bdm Zvi AbyMZ
nq hve|
63. f
i - wPixe, me`v RxweZ
wkv t gvbyli gb wPixe nq _vK|
h ew `wbK 3 nvRvi evi f
i coe BbkvAvjvn m KLbv
Amy ne bv|
h ew wPwbi cv G bvgwU gkK I Mvjvci cvwb viv wjL
wgw cvwb w`q ayq cvb Kie A_ev Amy ewK cvb Kive
BbkvAvjvn m c~Y myZv jvf Kie|
64. .fmm
i - wPivqx, ^cwZwZ
wkv t AvbyMZi Dci vqx nI|
h ew AwaK cwigvY .fmi
fi coe BbkvAvjvn jvKì gvS
Zvi mvb I cfve ew cve|
h ew wbRb ewk ewk G bvgwU coe BbkvAvjvn Zvi Avw_K
mQjZv jvf ne|
h ew dRii bvgvhi ci m~hv`q ch .fmi
fi
fi coZ
_vKe BbkvAvjvn Zvi AjmZv `~i nq hve|
65. fif
i - cKZ abx
wkv t Avjvn eZxZ mevi _K AgyLvcx nq hvI|
h ew Lvbv LvIqvi mgq fi
fi coZ _vKe Avjvn ZvAvjv
Zvi AvZvi ga kw Ges b~i `vb Kieb|
wnmby` `yAv 233
66. fifmi
y xIqvjv
- Miegq, eyhM
wkv t myì Yvejx ARbi gvag eyhMy x jvf Ki|
h ew wbRb G bvgwU AwaK cwigvY cvV KiZ KiZ
AvZnviv nq hve, BbkvAvjvn Zvi Ai Avjvni b~i cKvk
cZ _vKe|
67. fi
- fifi
- GK, AwZxq
wkv t Bev`Z-e`Mx Av`vq AwZxq nq hvI|
h ew `wbK 1000 evi fi
fi fi coe BbkvAvjvn Zvi
Ai _K gvLj~Li gneZ I fq `~i nq hve|
h ewi mvb nq bv, G bvgwU wjL wbRi mv_ ivLj
BbkvAvjvn m bK mvb jvf Kie|
68. fmmi
- AgyLvcx
wkv t gvLj~Li AgyLvcx nq hvI|
h ew mvnwii mgq mR`vq gv_v iL 115 evi A_ev 125
evi G bvgwU cvV Kie Zvi hvwni I evwZbi mZZv nvwmj ne|
h ew Ah~i mv_ ewk ewk G bvgwU coZ _vKe BbkvAvjvn
m gvLj~Ki AgyLvcx nq hve|
69. =fm
i - kwai, gZvevb
wkv t xwb YvejxZ gvbyli K`j nq hvI|
h ew `yivKAvZ bvgvh co 100 evi =fm
i coe Avjvn
ZvAvjv Zvi kK jvwZ I Ac` Kieb|
h ewi Kvb KwVb mgmv `Lv w`qQ m 41 evi =fi
fi
coj BbkvAvjvn Zvi mgmv `~i nq hve|
wnmby` `yAv 234
70. =fmmmi
- mekwgvb, gZvkvjx
wkv t bdmi Lvqk (BQv) Gi Dci wbqY ivL|
h ew Nyg _K DV AwaK cwigvY A_ev Kgc 20 evi
=fmmm
i coe BbkvAvjvn Zvi mKj KvR mnR nq hve|
71. .fmmi
- AMmiKvix
wkv t AvbyMZ AvM _vK|
coZ _vKe Avjvn
h ew hyi mgq AwaK cwigvY .f mmi
ZvAvjv ZvK mvgb AMmi nIqvi kw `vb Kieb Ges
kì _K ZvK wndvhZ ivLeb|
h ew m`v-me`v .fmi
fi coZ _vKe BbkvAvjvn m Avjvn
ZvAvjvi AbyMZ nq hve|
72. f i fmi
- cvZKvix
wkv t bvn _K `~i _vK|
h ew AwaK cwigvY f i f mi coZ _vKe BbkvAvjvn Zvi
Lvwjm ZvIev bmxe ne|
h ew `wbK 100 evi G bvgwU cvV Kie m Avjvn ZvAvjvi
bKU jvf Kie|
73. 8
- mevi AvM
wkv t xbi evcvi mevi AvM _vK|
h ewi Qj mvb nq bv, m hw` Pwjk w`b ch `wbK 40

evi 8
co Zvi Dk c~Y ne|
gymvwdi ew RygAvi w`b 1000 evi 8
coj BbkvAvjvn
kvwi mv_ ^`k cZveZb Kie|
wnmby` `yAv 235
74. fi 3 - mekl

wkv t `ywbqvi evcvi mevi kl _vK|
h ew `wbK 1000 evi fi 3 cvV Kie BbkvAvjvn Ai

_K MvBijvni gneZ `~i nq hve, Rxebi fyj-wUi Rb
Kvd&dviv nq hve Ges Cgvbi mv_ gZz ne|
75. f i fmi - cKvk

wkv t wbR hvwniK kixAvZ viv mwZ ivL|
h ew BkivKi bvgvhi ci 500 evi f i fm i coe Avjvn
ZvAvjv Zvi PvL Avjv Ges Ai b~i `vb Kieb|
76. f i fmi - AcKvk (A`k)

wkv t wbR evwZbK Avjvni fq viv mwZ ivL|
h ew `wbK 33 evi f i fi fi coZ _vKe Zvi Dci evZbx
f` mg~n cKvk cZ _vKe Ges Zvi Ai Avjvn ZvAvjvi
gnveZ cq`v ne|
h ew `yivKAvZ bvgvh Av`vq Kivi cif+i f i &L*
fi 3 8 fi
f \ f3$ fi fi fmi fi fmi
coe Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvi mKj mgmvejx `~i Kieb Ges mKj
cqvRb c~Y Kieb|
77. 1f
i - AwfeveK, gvwjK
wkv t wbR bdmi gvwjK nI|
h ew AwaK cwigvY 1fi

coe m AvKwK wec`vc`
_K wbivc` _vKe|
wPwbi cqvjv ev cv G bvgwU wjL aZ Ki m cvwb Nii
ga wQuwUq w`j H Ni mKj cKvi wec`vc` _K wbivc`
_vKe|
wnmby` `yAv 236

Kvb ewK wbR AbyMZ KiZ PvBj G bvgwU 11 evi coe
BbkvAvjvn m AbyMZ nq hve|
78. 1fmmmi
- mevP ghv`vevb
wkv t bdm I kqZvbi Dci weRqx nI|
h ew AwaK cwigvY 1fmmm
i coZ _vKe BbkvAvjvn Zvi
mKj msKU `~i ne|
Kvb bvix FZz Aevq AwaK cwigvY G bvgwU coj Zvi K `~i
ne|
79. e
i - cig DcKvix
wkv t gvbyli cwZ AbyMn (DcKvi) KiZ _vK|
h ew g` cvb, whbv-ewfPvi BZvw` RNb cvc wj m `wbK
7 evi G bvgwU coj BbkvAvjvn Gme KvRi AvKlY Zvi Ai
_K Pj hve|
h ew `ywbqvi gneZ MdZvi m G bvgwU AwaK cwigvY
coj BbkvAvjvn Zvi Ai _K `ywbqvi gneZ Pj hve|
h ew Rb nIqv gvB wbR mvbi Dci 7 evi G bvgwU co
duyK wè Ges Avjvni wbKU ZvK mvc` Kie, G mvb evjM
nIqv ch mKj wec`vc` _K wbivc` _vKe|
80. Gfmi
- ZvIev KeyjKvix
wkv t gvbyli Ihi-Avcw Keyj Ki|
h ew PvkZi bvgvhi ci 360 evi G bvgwU coe
BbkvAvjvn Zvi LuvwU ZvIevi ZvIdxK ne|
h ew AwaK cwigvY G bvgwU coZ _vKe BbkvAvjvn Zvi
hveZxq KvR mnR nq hve|
wnmby` `yAv 237

Kvb Rvwjgi Dci G bvgwU 10 evi co duyK w`j H hvwjgi
_K wbwZ cvIqv hve|
81. fmm
- kvw `vbKvix, cwZkva MnYKvix
mi
wkv t Avjvn ZvAvjvi Rb cwZkva bqvi ga Kvb Qvo
wÌ bv|
h ew nKi Dci iqQ wKy k _K cwZkva MnY Kivi
gZv Zvi bB, m hb wZbwU RygAvZ ewk Ki fmm
i fi
co Avjvn ZvAvjv ^qs wbR Zvi k _K cwZkva wbq
wbeb|
82. f mm i - gvkxj, cvc gvPbKvix

wkv t gvbyli fyj gv Ki `vI|
h ew AwaK cwigvY f m mi coZ _vKe Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvi
bvn mg~n gv Ki wèb|
83. f
i - mnevb, gnievb
wkv t gvbyli cwZ gnievb nI|
h ew AwaK cwigvY =
f]i coZ _vKe BbkvAvjvn mg
gvLj~K Zvi Dci gnievb nq hve Ges mI gvLj~Ki Dci
`qvevb nq hve|
h ew 10 evi `yi` kixd Ges 10 evi G bvgwU cvV Kie
BbkvAvjvn Zvi ivM `~i nq hve| Ab Kvb ivMvw^Z ewi
Dci co duyK w`j Zvi ivMI `~i nq hve|
84. f mmi
- mg cw_exi (ivRZ mg~ni) gvwjK
fifi
wkv t wbR mv I `ki Dci kvmb Ki|
h ew me`v f mmi
fi coZ _vKe Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvK abx
fifi
Ges gvLj~K _K AgyLvcx Ki wèb|
wnmby` `yAv 238
85. .f
8 fm i 9
i
- mvwbZ I `qvjy
wkv t xb`viì mvb Ki|
h ew AwaK cwigvY .f
8 fm i 9 coe Avjvn ZvAvjv
i
ZvK mvb I gnZ `vb Kieb Ges gvLj~Ki AgyLvcx
Kieb|
- bvq wePviKvix
86. fm
mmi
wkv t bvq cwZv Ki|
h ew `wbK G bvgwU coZ _vKe BbkvAvjvn m kqZvbi
KzgYv _K wbivc` _vKe|
Kvb wekl Dk G bvgwU 700 evi coj BbkvAvjvn m
Dk nvwmj ne|
87. f i fm i - GKKvix (wKqvgZi w`b)

wkv t Bjg I Avgji hvMZv GwKZ Ki|
h ewi AvZxq Ges ez-eve wewQb nq MQ m hw`
PvkZi mgq Mvmj Ki Avmgvbi w`K gyL DwVq 10 evi
f i fi fi coe Ges GKwU Avyj e Kie| Gfve cZK 10
evi GKwU Ki Avyj e KiZ _vKe Ges mekl `ynvZ
Pnvivq wdwiq wbe| BbkvAvjvn Zvi AvZxq Ges ez-eve
GKwZ nq hve|
Kvb ew ev ey nvwiq Mj coe
f
fi fi fi fmmi
mi
3
ifi fm i f mi f
i= .Lfm i f
G `yAv coZ _vKe| BbkvAvjvn nvivbv ew ev eyK cq
hve| ea gneZi RbI G `yAvwU AZ KvhKi|
wnmby` `yAv 239
88. f
m i - AgyLvcx, abx
wkv t `ywbqv`viì AgyLvcx nI|
h ew `wbK 70 evi f
i fi coe Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvi gvj
eiKZ `vb Kieb Ges m Kviv gyLvcx ne bv|
Kvb ew cKvk Ges AcKvk ivM Avv nj cZK AcZ Ges kixi f
i fi co duyK wè BbkvAvjvn myZv jvf
Kie|
89. f
- AgyLvcxKvix, m` `vbKvix
m mi
wkv t Afvexì abx (AgyLvcx) Ki `vI|
h ew i Ges kl 11 evi `yi` kixd co G bvgwU 1111
evi coe Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvK cKvk Ges AcKvk m` `vb
Kieb| dRi A_ev Bkvi bvgvhi ci G bvgi mv_ m~ivq
gyh&hvwjI wZjvIqvZ Kie|
90. f ifmi - evav c`vbKvix

wkv t kixAvn AmZ wRwbm evav `vI|
hw` xi mv_ SMov-weev` A_ev wZZvi mw nq Zvnj weQvbvq
q 20 evi G bvg coe BbkvAvjvn SMov-weev` kl nq
hve Ges ciii ga gneZ-fvjevmv cq`v ne|
Kvb ew AwaK cwigvY G bvg cvV Kij hveZxq Awb _K
wbivc` _vKe| Kvb Rvqh Dk G bvg cvV Kij Dk
nvwmj ne|
91. =fmi
- wZ mvabKvix
wkv t xbi kì wZ mvab Ki|
h ew RygAvi iv 100 evi =fmi

coe BbkvAvjvn m
cKvk-AcKvk evjv-gymxeZ _K wbivc` _vKe|
wnmby` `yAv 240
92. f i fmi - DcKvi mvabKvix

wkv t xb`viì DcKvi Ki|
h ew bKv ev Ab Kvb hvbevnb AvivnY Ki ewk ewk
f ifi fi coZ _vKe BbkvAvjvn m mKj wecv`c` _K
wbivc` _vKe|
h ew Kvb KvR i Kivi mgq 41 evi f i fi fi coe
BbkvAvjvn Zvi KvR BQvbyhvqx mvw`Z ne|
h ew x mnevmi mgq G bvgwU coe BbkvAvjvn m bK
mvb jvf Kie|
93. =fmi
- RvwZgq, wZwb Avjv
wkv t Cgvbi b~i Ges Avjvn ZvAvjvi gvwidvZ (cwiPq)
ARb Ki|
h ew RygAvi iv 7 evi m~ivq b~i Ges 1000 evi G bvgwU
coe BbkvAvjvn Zvi Ai Avjvn ZvAvjvi b~i AvjvwKZ
ne|
94. _fmi
- c_ c`kK
wkv t g~L I c_ gvbylì c_ `LvI|
h ew nvZ Zzj Ges AvKvki w`K gyL Ki AwaK cwigvY
_fi
fi coe, Aekl Pnvivq nvZ wdwiq wbe BbkvAvjvn
m c~Y wn`vqvZ jvf Kie Ges Avjvni gvwidvZ jvf Kie|
95. fifmi
- DveK, webv bgybvZ mwKvix
wkv t bKxi c_ LuyR ei Ki Ges AvbyMZ AwZxq nq

hvI|
wnmby` `yAv 241

Kvb ew `ywv, wec` A_ev Kvb mgmvi myLxb nj 1000
evi x=
^fmmi

3 f i fi
fi coe BbkvAvjvn Zvi Kvb mgmv
_vKe bv|
h ew Ah~ Aevq G bvgwU coZ coZ Nywgq hve m h
wRwbmi BQv Kie Zv ^c `LZ cve|
h ew Bkvi bvgvhi ci 1200 evi fi f i fi J
fi
mif i f
ifmm i f i fi
eviv w`b ch coe h KvR Ges h Dk coe Zvi Avgj
kl nIqvi c~eB Zvi Dk nvwmj nq hve| GUv cixwZ|
96. fm
i - wPivqx
wkv t Ggb Avgj Ki hvi DcKvi (mvIqve) Zvgvi giYi
ciI evKx _vKe|
h ew RygAvi iv G bvgwU 1000 evi coe Avjvn ZvAvjv
ZvK mecKvi wZ I Awb _K wbivc` ivLeb Ges Zvi
mg bK Avgj Keyj ne|
97. =f
i - mKji DivwaKvix, P~ov gvwjKvbvi AwaKvix
wkv t xwb Bjg wkL bexì Iqvwik (DivwaKvix) nq hvI|
h ew m~h Dw`Z nIqvi mgq 100 evi =
fi coe
BbkvAvjvn m hveZxq wec` I `ytL-K _K wbivc` _vKe
Ges Cgvbi mv_ gZz ne|
h ew gvMwie I Bkvi gaeZx mgq G bvgwU 1000 evi coe
BbkvAvjvn m mecKvi `ywv I nqivbx _K wbivc` _vKe|
98. fmif
i - mrc_ c`kK
wkv t gvbylì mwVK c_ `LvI (DcKvix Dc`k `vI)|
h ewi Kvb KvRi Zèxi eyS AvmQ bv m hw` gvMwie I
Bkvi gaeZx mgq 1000 evi fmi=
fi co m nqZ ^c H
wnmby` `yAv 242

KvRi Zèxi `LZ cve A_ev Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvi Ai H
KvRi mwVK Zèxi Xj wèb|
99. =fmmi
- ahkxj, mshgx
wkv t Ki mgq ah ai|
h ew m~hv`qi c~e 100 evi G bvgwU coe BbkvAvjvn m
Hw`b mg wec`vc` _K wbivc` _vKe| k I wel
cvlYKvixì gyL e nq hve|
hw` Kvb ew wec` cwZZ nq, m hb 1000 evi G bvgwU
co| BbkvAvjvn m H wec` _K gyw cve Ges gvbwmK
kvw jvf Kie|
wnmby` `yAv 243
Aavq t 10
`yi` kixdi dhxjZ
wnmby` `yAv 244
10g Aavq
dvhvqj `yi` kixd

() *$#

n Avgvi cwZcvjK! m`v-me`v `yi` I mvjvg elY Ki;

Zvgvi nvexei cwZ whwb MvUv mwKji mevg ew|
`yi` kixdi KqKwU dhxjZ
1| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb t h ew Avgvi
Dci GKevi `yic cvV Kie, Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvi cwZ `kwU ingZ
ciY Kieb| (mnxn gymwjg, L. 1, c. 306, nv`xm bs 408)
Dci GKevi `yic cvV Kie, Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvK `kwU ingZ `vb
Kieb, Zvi `kwU bvn gvd Ki `qv ne Ges Zvi ghv`v `k Y
ew Kiv ne| (mybvb bvmvqx, L. 1, c. 385, nv`xm bs 1220)
3| h ew ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi Dci GKevi
`yic cvV Kie, Avjvn ZvAvjv Ges Zuvi dikZv Zvi cwZ miwU
ingZ ciY Kieb| (gymbv` Avngv`, L. 2, c. 172, nv`xm bs 6605)
4| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb t wbq wKqvgì
w`b H ew Avgvi mePq ewk wbKU ne h Avgvi cwZ mePq
ewk `yi` cvV Ki| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 2, c. 354, nv`xm bs 484)
5| Zvgvì w`bjvi ga kZg w`b nQ RygAvi w`b| IB
w`b Avgvi Dci ewk ewk `yi` cvV Ki| KviY Zvgvì `yi`jv
Avgvi KvQ ck Kiv nq| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L. 1, c. 479, nv`xm bs
1531)

Keii wbKU Gm `yi` cvV Ki Zv Avwg wbR wb (Avw^qvq wKivg
wnmby` `yAv 245

wbR Kei RxweZ AvQb Ges bvgvh cob- gymbv` Ave~ Bqvjv,
nv`xm bs 3425) Ges h ew `~i _K `yi` cvV Ki Zv Avgvi
KvQ cuQvbv nq| (Aveyj Cgvb, L. 2, c. 215, nv`xm bs 1583)
Ab GKwU wiIqvqZ AvQ h, `yi` cvVKvix I Zvi wcZvi bvg mn
Avgvi KvQ cuQvbv nq| (gymbv`yj evh&hvi, L. 1, c. 245, nv`xm bs
1425)
`yi` kixd cvV bv Kivq agK

1| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb t mePq eo
KcY nQ H ew hvi mvgb Avgvi AvjvPbv nj, A_P m Avgvi
Dci `yic cvV Kij bv| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 551, nv`xm bs 3546)
2| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb t h gRwjm
Avjvn ZvAvjvi whwKi Ges Zvi ivm~ji cwZ `yi` cvVvbv nq bv m
gRwjm wKqvgZi w`b Zvì Rb wec` nq hve| Avjvn PvBj
gv Kieb Avi PvBj kvw wèb| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 461,
nv`xm bs 3380)
dvq`v t cwm `yiì ga ewki fvM `yi`B gvmb~b bq (A_vr

nv`xm DjL bB) Ze GZ DwM nIqvi Kvb KviY bB| Kbbv
ewki fvM eyhMy vb wKivg ay G welqwU j iLQb h, Zuviv Ggb
k w`q `yi` cvV Kieb hv Gi c~e eenvi nqwb| Gfve ewk
mvIqve I ghv`vi AwaKvix neb| ZvB gynvwK-gvkvwqLì _K
ewYZ `yi` cvV Kij `yi` kixd mK ewYZ dhxjZ AekB ARb
ne| Ze mKj Djvgvq wKivgì gZ `yi` Beivwngx-B mePq
Avdhvj I Dg `yi`| AZGe, G `yi`B ewk ewk cvV Kiv DwPZ|
Avdhvj `yi` (`yi` Beivwngx)
dvq`v t GK ew bvgvh coj, AZtci Avjvn ZvAvjvi cksmv Kij
Ges ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi Dci `yi` coj|
ZLb ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejjb t n bvgvhx
`yAv Ki! Zvgvi `yAv Keyj Kiv ne| (Rvg wZiwghx, L. 5, c. 516,
nv`xm bs 3476)
wnmby` `yAv 246

fmi fm
fmif
3 f3 $ fmif
3 f3 $ fL m m i f3 $ f i fmmi
L m i 8
3
i 8
i f3 $ fmmi
f3 $ f

+ i fmmi
+ fi
3 f3 $ fm
L m i 8
L m i f3 $ =f
i=fi fmi fm
3 mfmm
i fmmi
f+mm i f+ mm i fi
fmif
3 f3 $ fmif
i 8
i
A_ t n Avjvn! Zzwg ingZ elY Ki gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv
mvjvg I Zuvi cwievi-cwiRbi Dci, hic ingZ elY KiQ
mvwbZ| n Avjvn! Zzwg eiKZ bvwhj Ki gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn
Iqv mvjvg I Zuvi cwievi-cwiRbi Dci, hic eiKZ bvwhj KiQ
mvwbZ| (mnxn eyLvix, L. 6, c. 120, nv`xm bs 4797)
80 eQii bvn gvdi `yi`
dvq`v t h ew RygAvi w`b Avmii bvgvhi ci wbR RvqMv _K
DVvi c~e 80 evi (wbgv) `yi` cvV Kie Zvi 80 eQii (mMxiv)
bvn gvd Kiv ne Ges Zvi Avgjbvgvq 80 eQii (bdj)
Bev`Zi mvIqve jLv ne| (Zeivbx, L. 1, c. 750, nv`xm bs 2149)
K 3 f3 $
fmmmmi
i f3 $ f i fmmi
b fmi
i fmm
3
f
fi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avcwb Dw bex gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv
mvjvg Gi Dci ingZ elY Kib Ges Zvi cwievii DciI wekl
kvw elY Kib| (dvhvqj `yi` kixd, c. 38)
GK nvRvi w`b ch mvIqve jLvi `yi`
dvq`v t h ew wbgv `yi` GKevi cvV Kie 70 Rb dikZv
GK nvRvi w`b ch Zvi Rb bKx wjLZ _vKe| (gvRgvDh
hvIqvwq`, L. 10, c. 254, nv`xm bs 17305)
fE mi fi fi fbm mi fm i 0

_fi
A_ t n Avjvn! gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvgK Avgvì
c _K cwZ`vb w`b hvi wZwb Dchy|
wnmby` `yAv 247

AwaK mvIqvei `yi`
Pvq h, Zvi `yiì mvIqve eo `vwocvjvq gvcv nvK (A_vr ewk
mvIqve ARb KiK) m hb wbgv `yi` co| (mybvb Ave~ `vD`, L.
1, c. 323, nv`xm bs 982)
fmi fK m )i f i fK ifi= 9 ;

mi fKi
i f3 $ f i fmmi
f
m i fmi ^f
i fmm
3
f+mm i f+mm i fi fmi
fi f3$ f
mmi
A_ t n Avjvn! gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi cwZ, Zuvi

xMY- gywgbì gvZvì cwZ, Zuvi mvb-mwZ I Zuvi cwievicwiRbi cwZ ingZ elY Ki, hgb Zzwg ingZ elY KiQ nhiZ
Beivnxg (Av.) Gi cwZ| wbq Zzwg ckswmZ I cwe|
h `yi` m`Kvi e`j
dvq`v t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv Qvjvg ejQb t hvi KvQ
m`Kv Kivi Rb wKQz bB m hb wbgv `yi` cvV Ki| Zvnj
GUv Zvi Rb m`Kv îc ne| G `yi` ewk ewk cvV Kiv hveZxq
Avw_K DbwZi Rb LyeB KvhKi| (wnmb nvmxb, c. 265)
^f
mi fmi ;
m i fmi f$ f i f ifi= f mi fLm mi f3$ f i fmmi
3
^f
m mmmi ;
m mmmi
A_ t n Avjvn! gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi Dci
ingZ elY Kib whwb Zvgvi ev`v I ivm~j Ges mKj gywgb bibvix I gymjgvb bi-bvixi DciI ingZ elY Kib| (mnxn Beb
wnevb, L. 3, c. 185, nv`xm bs 903)
`yi` kvdvAvZ
dvq`v-1 t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv Qvjvg ejQb t h ew
wbgv `yi` kixd cvV Kie Zvi Rb Avgvi kvdvAvZ (mycvwik)
IqvwRe nq hve| (Zeivbx, L. 5, c. 25, nv`xm bs 4481)
fifmmi
.fi
fmi Gf m m i fmmmi fif i fLm mi f3$ f i fmmi
3
wnmby` `yAv 248

A_ t n Avjvn! gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi cwZ
ingZ ciY Kib Ges ZuvK wKqvgZi w`b Avcbvi KvQ bKUkxj
wVKvbvq cuQ w`b|
dvq`v-2 t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv Qvjvg ejQb t h ew
mKvj-mv Avgvi Dci `k `k evi `yi` kixd cvV Kie| m
wKqvgZi w`b AekB Avgvi mycvwik MnY Kie| (Zeivbx, dvhvqj
`yi` kixd, c. 25)
`yi` whqviZ
dvq`v t h ew RygAvi ivZ (enwZevi wèvMZ ivZ) `yivKAvZ
bdj bvgvh coe| cwZ ivKAvZ m~ivq dvwZnvi ci GMvi evi
AvqvZzj Kzimx I GMvi evi m~iv BLjvm coe| mvjvgi ci GKk
evi G `yi` cvV Kie BbkvAvjvn wZb RygAv AwZevwnZ nIqvi
c~eB ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv Qvjvg Gi whqviZ bmxe ne|
wKy G wbqvgZ ARb nIqvi Rb c_g kZ nj, cKvk I Mvcb
bvn _K euP _vKv| (ZviMxevZzm mv`vZ, kvBL Ave`yj nK gynvwm
`njfx in., dvhvqj `yi` kixd, c. 47)
K i fi
K 3
fmi
i f3 $ f i fmmi
i fmm
3
f
fifm
A_ t n Avjvn! Avcwb Dw bex gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv
mvjvg Gi Dci, Zvi cwievi I mvnvevì Dci ingZ elY Kib
Ges wekl kvw elY Kib|
A_ev G `yi` coe
dvq`v t Nygvbvi mgq wbgv `yi` KqKevi cvV Kij BbkvAvjvn
ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv Qvjvg Gi whqviZ bmxe ne| wKy
G wbqvgZ ARb nIqvi Rb c_g kZ nj, cKvk I Mvcb bvn
_K euP _vKv| (dvhvqj `yi` kixd, c. 48)
5 f i f mi .f
msi G = .
mmi f i f i G = .
fm i f
fm i f m i G = fmmi
3
.fmi
fm i fLm mi fifi fif m i
wnmby` `yAv 249

A_ t n Avjvn! wm I wbwl GjvKvi gvwjK! evBZzjvni gvwjK!
gvKvg Beivnxgi gvwjK! Avgvì mi`vi I bZv gynvv` mvjvjv
AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi ini Dci Avgvì c _K mvjvg
cuwQq w`b|
`yi` Lgmv
Bgvg kvdqx (in.) K Zuvi BKvji ci GK ew ^c `L Zuvi
wbKU gvMwdivZ Gi KviY wRm Kij| wZwb ejjb t Avwg
evii iv (enwZevi wèvMZ iv) wbg ewYZ cuvPwU `yi`
coZvg| (dvhvqj `yi` kixd, c. 84)

f mi
m$ f 3 i f i fmi
fLm mi f3$ f i fm
fLm mi f3$ f i fmmi
fi
3
f i fmi

m$ (fmifi
m$
^f
i fmi
fm
fLm mi f3$ f i fm
fLm mi f3$ f i fm
i fmi
fmi
fm
m$ f 3 mi
m$ f 3 mi

f
fLm mi f3$ f i fm
m i
`yi` kvdqx
Bgvg kvdqx (in.) Gi GK cwk kvMi` BmgvBj web Beivnxg
gyhbx Bgvg kvdqx (in.) K Zuvi BKvji ci ^c `L wRm
Kijb t Avjvn ZvAvjv Avcbvi mv_ wK AvPiY KiQb? wZwb
ejjb t AvgvK gv Ki w`qQb Ges AvgvK ^mvb RvbvZ
wbq hvIqvi wb`k Kijb| Avi Gme nqQ G `yi`wUi eiKZ hv
Avwg me`v coZvg| (dvhvqj `yi` kixd, c. 83)
f
f
i 9 f i f m i fmm\
f
i 9 fmm\
L i f3 $ f i fmmi
mifmi
ifi
f
fmm
3
`yi` Zybvxbv (wec`-Avc` _K ivi `yi`)

dvq`v-1 t wec`vc` _K iv cvIqvi Rb wbgv `yi`wU GK
nvRvi evi cov LyeB KvhKi|
dvq`v-2 t kvBLyj Bmjvg nhiZ gvIjvbv mvBb Avn&gv` gv`vbx
Kzwmv wmi&i evjv-gymxevZ _K wndvhZi Rb `yi`wU Bkvi ci
70 evi coZ ejQb| (gvKZevZ, c. 95)
wnmby` `yAv 250

^fi
i f3 $ f i fmmi
8fi
fi fmi
m i (b fi fmm
3
f mmi
L i fifm
fm)m
3
i f mmi
fmi
i ^ fm)m
f i fmi
fmi
f
i f mmi
^fifm
fmmif
fi f mmi
fmi
m i
i
(fmm
f i ^fifmi
^fi=fi
i a ^Jm
i f mmi
f i fmi
f $ fm
fmmmmi
f+ ifi
^fmmi
fmi

&L*
f \ f3 $ fi
A_ t n Avjvn! Avgvì mi`vi gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv
mvjvg Gi cwZ `yi` ciY Kib; Ggb `yi` hvi gvag Avcwb
AvgvìK hveZxq fq I wec`vc` _K gyw èb, hvi gvag
Avgvì mg Afve `~i Kieb, hvi gvag mg bvn _K cwe
Kieb, hvi gvag AvgvìK Avcbvi KvQ DPyu vb Avmxb Kieb
Ges hvi gvag Avgvì mg mrKgi kl j cuQ wèbcvw_e RxebI Ges gZzi ciI| wbq Avcwb mekwgvb|
(dvhvqj `yi` kixd, c. 83)
ivm~jyjvn (mv.) Gi kvdvAvZ IqvwRe nIqvi Avgj

dvq`v-1 t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb t Avhvb
bj Zvgiv Avhvbi Di `vI| AZtci Avgvi Dci `yi` cvV
Ki| ... Ges Avjvn ZvAvjvi wbKU Avgvi Rb Amxjv Gi `yAv
Ki| Amxjv nj, RvbvZi GKwU vb, hv ay GKRb ew cve| Avi
Avwg Avkv Kwi m GKRb ew AvwgB| h ew Avjvni wbKU
Avgvi Rb Amxjv Gi `yAv Kie Zvi Rb Avgvi kvdvAvZ
IqvwRe (Awbevh) nq hve| [Amxjvi `yAv nj, Avhvbi kli
`yAv] (mnxn gymwjg, L. 1, c. 288, nv`xm bs 384)
dvq`v-2 t ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg ejQb t h ew
mKvj-mv Avgvi Dci `k `k evi `yi` cvV Kie m ew
wKqvgZi w`b AekB Avgvi kvdvAvZ (mycvwik) jvf Kie|
(Zeivbx, dvhvqj `yi` kixd, c. 25)
wnmby` `yAv 251

RvbvZ `L gZzi nIqvi Avgj
Avgvi Dci w`b GK nvRvi evi `yi` cvV Kie m ew (G
`ywbqvZ) RvbvZ bv `L gviv hve bv| (Kvbhyj Dvj, L. 1, c. 779,
nv`xm bs 2233)
wbgewYZ `yi`wU cov hZ cvi|

K 3 fmm
(f
fi
fi
L i fi
L i f3 $ f i fmmi
3
Dg cksmv, Dg `yi` I Dg `yAv
dvq`v t h ew Pvq h, Avjvn ZvAvjvi Ggb cksmv Kie hv H
mKj cksmvi ga mevg hv G hver Zvi gvLj~K KiQ, h~i
mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi cwZ Ggb `yi` cvV Kie hv H
mKj `yiì ga mevg hv G hver KD cvV KiQ Ges Avjvni
wbKU Ggb `yAv cv_bv Kie hv H mKj `yAvi ga mevg hv G
hver KD cv_bv KiQ, m hb wbgv `yi` cvV Ki| (dvhvqj
`yi` kixd, c. 41)
fi
f mi
fi
fi
i f i fmmi
fE mi
L i f3 $ f mi
fi fmi
fmi
fmi
fE mi
fmm
fmm
3
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f i _fmmi
fE mi
L m mmi

fifi
3 f i fi
A_ t n Avjvn! mg cksmv ZvgviB, hv Zvgvi kvbi DchvMx|
AZGe, gynvv` mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi cwZ ingZ ciY
Ki hv Zvgvi kvbi DchvMx Ges Avgvì mv_ Ggb AvPiY Ki hv
Zvgvi kvbi DchvMx| wbq Zzwg Gi DchvMx h, ZvgvK fq
Kiv nvK Ges Zzwg gvkxj|
wnmby` `yAv 252
Mc

y x

] [ :
: !( +&#-. / *+, ('& % "# !
!6!;< : 2 3 96 67 45-
>= : + @& + (+&7 7+
"!
)(' & ) $ F&;G HG ] ( &E [ :
! N7 O < : 2 3 ML 67 K;J
>= : + @& + (+P< 7+
/ *+, -. ] [ :
! :2 3<& + ! / N&><3 ; TG<S <;! N7 4&L!9 Q )-(
>= : + [6 >Y
/ ] ,1 -. [ :
! : 2 3<S 67 ; N7 %E#< N# ;Y %E#< N7 +&\, )-(
>= : + @& + (+&7 7+
/3 ", 451 ] [ :
! : 2 3< 69 N7 F#&L N7 !;< F#&L 67 ^<+ )-(
>= : + @& + (+&7 7+
789 451 ] [ :
! : 2 3<S 67 !&E9 N7=( T -) #Y#(
>= : + +&7 +-
] :15, 451 [ :
! : 2 3<S L N!@+@! FEL N7 a&(= N7 >-) `#(
>= : + a (+&7 H&!E
]
48; 451 [ :
! : 2 3<S H< N7 L 67 GG N7 !;< K ,-) >G(
>= H< : + 7 !([+&7
= ] -.8 [ :
!:2 3<S F NGL 67L N7 !;< K K a&bQ G+ )-(
>= : + ! a+&7 <9S
wnmby` `yAv 253

>" -+ ? -.*+ ] [ :
;= c/ NG@! +Y@ N7 EL N7 ( ,# \-) (/(
>= : + +&7 +-
? -.*+ ] [ :
!:2 3 (<7 H NG6!;< !;< 67 N7@! ; E (&> )-(
B -.@A = -.8
! : 2 3<S bE9 N7 EL <;! )< (EL , )-(
5 D > 45F)B9 >9 ] [ :
<S L EL NG !#@ N7 F, NG > +6- )-(
>= H#93< : + +&7 H 9+
+ I5 ] [ :
! : 2 3 L +7 67 + N7! (>P
>= : + ! a+&7 <9S
48; I5 ] J+. 8 [ :
L +7 7 N7 !;< N7 K H&= 7 ( # /6
!e Y 6G H;-P,/ <" [( H H&-E# > HG H!G,
%&e+.@6G TG H([ "< f/ HE,
45F ] [ :
!:2 3L !;< 67L N7 K +7 N7 N!@+ < >e+!# )-(
>= : + (+&7 7+
45F ] 5LB [ :
!:2 3<S 67 ; +!L N7 EL N# \& c/; 7 + g )-(
>= : + !(+&7 H/+
451+ ] M.+, [ :
! : 2 3<S ; c/ +767@! N7 ; N# &-) ,(
>= H< : + H< ! H<+
! & ] M.+, [ :
! : 2 3 +7 67@! N7 ; N&# &,
>= : + a (+&7 H&!E
? -.+ 48 !.@"8+,8 48 ] [ :
!@ N7 !;< : 2 3 N7@! %.@ 67 !&! #
>= H#93< : + +&7 H 9+
? -. ] J DN 48 [ :
! N7 !;< : 2 3;9 H!Gh N7 +7 67 !E# >&67#
>= : + ! a+&7 <9S
wnmby` `yAv 254

51& ] O+5 48 [ :
! : 2 3<S ; c/L67 K@! 4>@ N7 \& )-(
>= H[+e H#93< : + ,+
51 ] 7, 8 [ :
! : 2 3@! N7 EL N7 ! > F FE(G 67 ! EJ6 !&!
>= : + !6<i +E <\ f
/+L, .+ ] [ :
! : 2 3<S 67 !&E9 %9, N7@! +b )-(
>= H< : + (6E ; % ! 4J6
/9+L, PF ] [ :
! : 2 3<S 67 !&E9 %9, N7@! +b )-(
>= : + ; N&<+ ,+
/+L, .Q ] [ :
! : 2 3<S 67 !&E9 %9, N7@! +b )-(
>= : + ! a <9S !L+&7 !L
/D : +5)A ] :( :
!6 : 2 3 N7 EL NG +7 7 & !
>= : + +&7 +- -
)Q+, J51 ] [ :
! : 2 3 ;6(#< N7 N&# 6g
>= : + ! a <9S<\ f +&7 -
@ )
4 ) ] [ :
! L N7 !;< N7 !;< : 2 3 + ; >&# &7j )-(
>= : + HG
O). J,.,
! : 2 3 ; c/ +7 7@! !;< N7 6>G !(+ N77 >#
>= H< : + & <\f
9 4U .F89
! ;< : 2 3 NG 7+= N7 F&;G G+ >6 \(/
>= H< : + < F-bP H< !-H<+ G+
J.] 48 48 [ :
! !;< : 2 3<& L N7 +!L N7 N ( NG7L G <\F,
>= : + HLbE +- >\+&7 -+
D W9
! : 2 3 \&bE9 N7 EL p <;! + !(+ < EL ,
>= H< : + +Yq fGP >
wnmby` `yAv 255

() )+
5
"%&'() *+, ./&' 1% .3" 41 567" :
='F'H @'A CD 89:9.; 8<=7 : ./'&
(KM: KL7
)
"%&'() *+, ./&' 1% .3" 41 567" :
='F'H *O. 4,'/1 :./'&
(KL7 )
"%+:&'' 9. :LS '&1% .3" R9:SM T6/ :
*O. *YL :6XD 59 W9 :./'&

":& *+, [FSM %@ :6D '&1% CD.7Z :
*O. CD' 9.\& ]+^ :./'&

*O. 66LM *YL )' :./'&
"! #
:& .7F, c 4LX& :LS :b).
'9 &K7 @(:(M d<=7 :./'&
)*+ ,- /+ / 0#" #
& '#
';* ", fSM :<, :LS .&' 1% c'@ ', :b).
*O. <'n\[ +l (:LM ./ )6;./ 9: g'h&'i :./'&
3#
& '#
[L".M :<, *=Z d+LM 86h; '/ bF" oSM %LS *=Z :b).
s' r9 +q@ [\9 ;'&d+LM 86h; :./'&
wnmb nvmxb (evsjv)
g~j/Abyev`: Avjvgv gynvv` Avj Rvhix/gvIjvbv Avyj nvB

cKvkK: gynvv`x eyK nvDm, PKevRvi, XvKv
nvw`qvZzj gyQvjxb
msKjb: gydZx gynvv` Avgxgyj Bnmvb in.

cKvkK: eviKvwZ cvewjKk, m~vcyi, XvKv
+&Q 7 r!.
wnmby` `yAv 256
jLKi Abvb wKZvemg~n

1| KziAvb gvRx` fve cob
[ZvRex` mK, cKvwkZ]
2| wndhyj KziAvbi AvaywbK cwZ
[KziAvb gvRxì 558wU iK I 610 cvi ZvwjKv, cKvwkZ]
3| wnmby` `yAv
[wevwiZ nvIqvjvmn gvmb~b `yAvi fvvi, cKvwkZ]
4| Bmjvg AvDi Rv`x` gvAvkx gvmvqj [evsjv Abyev`, cKvwkZe]
[Bmjvgx A_bxwZ welq gydZx ZvKx Dmgvbx `v.ev. Gi gZvgZ]
5| gvIjvbv nvgx`yxb dvivnx in.

[gvIjvbvi Rxebx, cKvwkZ]
6| wnKvqvZ jZxd
[dvimx-evsjv, cKvwkZ]
7| bvgvhi Zvrch [cKvwkZe]
8| bvn I gvbwmK Akvw [cKvwkZe]
[AvZw, bvn Kexiv I mMxiv Ges ZvIev mK wevwiZ AvjvPbv]
9| Iqe GvWm evsK
[10,000 Iqe GvWm, cKvwkZe]
10| BmjvwgK Iqe GvWm evsK

[5,000 Bmjvgx Iqe GvWm, cKvwkZe]
11| gvBvmdU Awdm cvMvg&m
[GKi wfZi `k, cKvwkZe]

12| KziAvb gvRx` eyS cob [cKvwkZe]
13| mnxn Bmjvgx AvKx`vn [cKvwkZe]
14| gymwjg cybRvMiYi c_ [cKvwkZe]
15| gymjgvbì wkveev Kgb nIqv DwPZ? [cKvwkZe]
wnmby` `yAv 257
kxNB AvmQ!!
kxNB AvmQ!!!
kvBLyj Bmjvg gvIjvbv gydZx gynvv` ZvKx Dmgvbx `v.ev.

Gi A_bxwZ welq Qovbv-wQUvbv wjLbx, ee, wKZve I cwKvi
wewQb cemg~n mvgb iL AvU L msKjbKZ AZzjbxq wKZve
Bmjvg AvDi
Rv`x` gvAvkx gvmvqj
kvBLyj Bmjvg gydZx ZvKx Dmgvbx `v.ev.

msKjb t gvIjvbv gydZx gvng~` Avngv`
Abyev` t gydZx Kwei Avngv` Avkivdx
KziAvb I mybvni AvjvK wbfihvM
`bw`bi Avgj I Ahxdv
wnmbyj AhvBd
kv_ Avj-KziAvb
cZK ki Avjv`v A_ I avivevwnK mij evsjv Abyev`

hvMvhvM t BmjvwgK wimvP G `vIqvn dvDkb, 3/4, eK- GBP,
mKkb-1, wgicyi, XvKv-1216| gvevBj: 01714-323296
wnmby` `yAv 258
myLei !
myLei !!
myLei !!!
Arabic-Urdu Complete Solution
KziAvbx LZ GLb KwDUvi

0

0 - /
0

fi
fmi
&fmi
fi
E fif
3
E 0
i fi
fi

3 $ fmm
K 3f
K mi Ji
;mmi
K i fi
L i fm
f
(fmi
fifm
3 $ .fmi

Gjv nvZi jLv bq eis KwDUvi jLv
GZ iqQ t Lvov hei, Lvov hi, Dv ck, wZb Avwjd I

Pvi Avwjd gi wPmg~n ; D`~ bvvjxK LZ|
mdUIqviwU cZ AvRB hvMvhvM Kib

KvUKv KwDUvm
evmv- 4, ivW- 3, eK- GBP (Mv`vivNvU), mKkb- 1
wgicyi, XvKv-1216| gvevBj t 01714-323296
E-mail: kabir323@gmail.com, URL: www.irdf.webs.com

HISNUD DUA (Mufti Kabir Ahmad Ashrafi)

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Available Formats

G c_g we

`vIiv I BdZv, RvwgAv Avkivdzj gv`vwim, KivPx

(nhiZ gvI. nvKxg gynvv` AvLZvi `v.ev. Gi Zveavb cwiPvwjZ)

Dvh, RvwgAv Bmjvwgqv `vij Dj~g XvKv

BmjvwgK wimvP G `vIqvn dvDkb

gydZx Kwei Avngv` Avkivdx

cKvkKvj t AvM, 2010

bex mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg Gi c`wP nj RvbvZi c_;

e`ii cwiek Zwi Ki, dikZviv Zvgvi mnhvwMZvq;

kvqLyj Bmjvg gydZx ZvKx Dmgvbx `v.ev. Gi

my`xN 11 eQii mskecv I AZ gneZi cv

Avjvgv gydZx w`jvIqvi nvmvBb `v.ev. Gi

Rbve gvIjvbv Kwei Avngv` ek KqK eQi ai Avgvi

(Avjvgv gydZx) w`jvIqvi nvmvBb

nhiZ gvIjvbv kvn& nvKxg gynvv` AvLZvi mvne `v.ev.

nhiZ gvIjvbv gydZx Rvdi Avngv` `v.ev. Gi

gydvmwmi KziAvb nhiZ gvIjvbv Avngv` Avjx jvnvix (in.) I

(gvIjvbv gydZx) Rvdi Avngv`

gynZvwgg, gv`ivmv evBZzj Dj~g XvjKvbMi

GUvB wbqg h, PvIqv Qvov cvIqv hvq bv| Zvnj Avgiv

nhiZ Avbvm (iv.) _K ewYZ| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv AvjvBwn Iqv

G aiYi AviI GKwU nv`xm nhiZ Ave~ ivqiv (iv.) _K

D AvqvZ I nv`xm mg~ni mvigg nj, `yAv Bev`vZi gZB

Zvgvi KvQ ay ZvgvKB PvB, hvZ mewKQz cq hvB;

ay mvq covi `yAvmg~n

ZvIev I BwMdvii A_ ...................................................

msw jKL cwiwPwZ

`yAv cm KwZcq iZcY~ AvjvPbv

gywnDm mybvn nhiZ gvIjvbv kvn Aveivij nK (in.) Gi

wbR bvni KviY cw_exevmx hb wbivk bv nq;

4| nhiZ Ave~ ivqiv (iv.) _K ewYZ| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv

5| nhiZ Ave~ mvC` Ly`ix (iv.) _K ewYZ| ivm~jyjvn mvjvjv

`yAv Keyj nIqvi kZvejx

5| gbvhvM I GKvMZvi mv_ `yAv Kiv| AgbvhvMx I Mvdj

9| `yAvi ga mxgvjsNb bv Kiv A_vr Kvb Ame I Aeve eyi

nvZ Kuva ch DVvb Ges Lvjv ivLv gyvnve|

wbRi gZzi Rb `yAv bv Kiv| (mnxn eyLvix, 7: 5672)

(Rvg wZiwghx, 2: 357)

`yAvKvix Ges `yAv keYKvix Dfqi Rb Avgxb ejv gyvnve|

3| ivhv`vii `yAv BdZvii mgq| (Rvg wZiwghx, 4: 2526)

RygAvi w`b `yAv Ke~j nIqvi gyn~Z

BKvgZi mgq `yAv Keyj nq|

(gymvbvd Beb Avex kvBevn, 10: 29858)

mR`vq _vKv Aevq `yAv Keyj nq| (mnxn gymwjg, 1: 482)

ewi mgq `yAv Keyj nq| (wgkKvZzj gvmvexn, 1: 672)

`yAv Keyj nIqvi wekl (gv gyKvi&igvi) vbmg~n

gybvRvZ Kivi gvmb~b ZixKv

hw` KqKRb jvK GKwZ nq `yAv Ki, Zv`i GKRb `yAv

KziAvb gvRx` ewYZ `yAvmg~n

A_ t n Avgv`i cwZcvjK! Avgiv Cgvb GbwQ; myZivs Zzwg

7| xbi mvx`i Afy nIqvi `yAv

10| Avjvni KvQ gv I ingZ cv_bv Kiv

11| AvLivZi KjvYi Rb `yAv

12| wbR cvc ^xKvi Ki gv I ingZ cv_bv Kiv

14| ah I gymjgvbic gZz nIqvi `yAv

16| Kvdi`i Drcxob _K ivi `yAv

22| gvZv-wcZvi Rb `yAv

27| wec` I ivM _K gywi `yAv

A_ t n Avgvi cwZcvjK! Avwg Zvgvi Avkq cv_bv KiwQ kqZvbi

A_ t Avwg Zv Amnvq, AZGe Zzwg cwZweavb Ki| (m~iv Kvgvi,

30| hvbevnbi weiwZKvj Ges Me cuQj coe

A_ t n Avgv`i cwZcvjK! Avgv`i _K Rvnvbvgi kvw we`~wiZ

33| mrKg Kivi I bKKvi`i Afy nIqvi `yAv

36| wKqvgZi w`b jvwZ bv nIqvi `yAv

f mi Gfi . fm mi f

=bfmi &fmi fm i _