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  • Hiv Life Cycle: Fact Sheet Number 106

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    The document describes the 10 step life cycle of the HIV virus: 1) The virus binds to CD4 and CCR5/CXCR4 coreceptors on the cell surface and fuses with the cell. 2) The virus releases its contents into the cell. 3) The reverse transcriptase enzyme creates HIV DNA from the viral RNA. 4) The viral DNA integrates into the host cell DNA. 5) The integrated HIV DNA directs the cell to produce new HIV proteins and RNA. 6) The proteins and RNA assemble new immature viruses. 7) The immature viruses bud from the cell, acquiring a lipid envelope. 8) A protease enzyme matures the viruses by cleaving viral proteins. 9) The

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    The document describes the 10 step life cycle of the HIV virus: 1) The virus binds to CD4 and CCR5/CXCR4 coreceptors on the cell surface and fuses with the cell. 2) The virus releases its contents into the cell. 3) The reverse transcriptase enzyme creates HIV DNA from the viral RNA. 4) The viral DNA integrates into the host cell DNA. 5) The integrated HIV DNA directs the cell to produce new HIV proteins and RNA. 6) The proteins and RNA assemble new immature viruses. 7) The immature viruses bud from the cell, acquiring a lipid envelope. 8) A protease enzyme matures the viruses by cleaving viral proteins. 9) The

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    11 views1 page

    Hiv Life Cycle: Fact Sheet Number 106

    Uploaded by

    Nap Villarosa
    The document describes the 10 step life cycle of the HIV virus: 1) The virus binds to CD4 and CCR5/CXCR4 coreceptors on the cell surface and fuses with the cell. 2) The virus releases its contents into the cell. 3) The reverse transcriptase enzyme creates HIV DNA from the viral RNA. 4) The viral DNA integrates into the host cell DNA. 5) The integrated HIV DNA directs the cell to produce new HIV proteins and RNA. 6) The proteins and RNA assemble new immature viruses. 7) The immature viruses bud from the cell, acquiring a lipid envelope. 8) A protease enzyme matures the viruses by cleaving viral proteins. 9) The

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    of 1

    AIDS InfoNet

    www.aidsinfonet.org

    Fact Sheet Number 106

    HIV LIFE CYCLE


    1 Free Virus 2 Attachment and Entry: Virus binds to a
    CD4 molecule and one type of "coreceptor" (either CCR5 or CXCR4). Receptor molecules are common on the cell surface. Then the virus fuses with the cell.

    CD4 Receptor

    3 Penetration: virus empties


    its contents into cell.

    CCR5 Coreceptor CXCR4 Coreceptor

    4 Reverse Transcription:
    The reverse transcriptase enzyme makes a mirror image of viral RNA strands to create double-stranded DNA.

    HIV DNA Human DNA HIV RNA HIV DNA

    5 Integration: viral DNA is


    inserted into the cell's own DNA by the integrase enzyme.

    Human DNA

    6 Transcription: When the


    infected cell divides, the viral DNA is "read" and long chains of proteins are made.

    Chains of HIV proteins

    8 Budding:
    immature virus pushes out of the cell, taking some cell membrane with it. The protease enzyme starts processing the proteins in the newly forming virus.

    7 Assembly: sets of viral


    proteins chains come together.

    10 Maturation: the protease enzyme finishes


    cutting HIV protein chains into individual proteins. These combine to form the viral core and make a new working virus.

    Immature virus breaks free of the infected cell.

    Revised April 21 2010

    A project of the New Mexico AIDS Education and Training Center. Partially funded by the National Library of Medicine Fact Sheets can be downloaded from the Internet at http://www.aidsinfonet.org

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