Technical Series

B.C.600 (Thales) (loadstone) ,

(Magnesia) magnes .
1600 (Gilbert) .
,
.
: /
/ ()

jphong@sarim.changwon.ac.kr http://ecad.eecu.net
jinhur@keti.or.kr

(ferromagnetic materials)

B-H .
2
, .

(Bsat)

- (Ferrite)

: BaO6Fe2O3

SrO6Fe2O3

(Br)

- (Rare-earth)

: 0
.

: - SmCo , NdFeB

(Hc)

- (Alico)

- : ,

: 0
.
.

1950

(
rec)

: .

rec= --H

(BHmax)
: .

116

EP&C

SmCo ,

. , 3 (a)

. NdFeB SmCo

r ( )

keeper (short circuit) .

14

. ,

12

. ,

10

.
6

Alnico

B(kG)

Nd-Fe-B

1 .

Ferrite

2
Sm-Co

(1), (2)

0
12 10 8 6 4 2 0

1 .

-H(kOe)

1.

Br(t)=Br[1+
(t-t0)]

(1)

Hr(t)=Hr[1+
(t-t0)]

(2)
B[kG]

, Br Hr 20[] .

Short-Circuit

1 NdFeB, SmCo

Br

Open Circuit

Hc

2.

H[kOe]

[%/]

[%/]

Curie
[]

[]

NdFeB

-0.13

-0.6

310

140

. 2

SmCo

-0.045

-0.25

720

250

Alico

-0.02

+0.01

830

500

Ferrite

-0.20

+0.40

450

300

1.

117

Technical Series

, H=0, B=Br .

, Br
. , 3 (b)
(open circuit) ,

=0

.
[2].
H = 0, B = Br

B = 0, H= -Hc

(a)

(b)

3.

B[kG]

0 4
2 .

Br

Pc

.
Operating point

Bm

, .
(Ampere)

knee point

(3) (4)
f (5) .

HmlmHclcHglg+0

(3)

Hmlm / Hglg= f

(4)

lg
Hm = -f Hg
lm

(5)

Hc

Hm

H[kOe]

4.

,
(6) (7)
l

lo/2
Am

(8) .
Ag

BmAm = BgAg l

(6)

Im
S

BmAm / BgAg =
l
(7)

Ag
Bm =
l Hg
Am

118

EP&C

lo/2

(8)

5.

lg

(5) (8)
(9) .

3
. 6
.

Bm

Ag lm
l
= - = pc
Hm
f Am lg

(9)

6 A .

, . (9)

. ,

(knee point)

, (8)
.

()

(10) ,

(11) . (11)

NIa
4
Ha = [A/m] 3 Ha [Oe]
lm
10

(10)

Pc
Bm= (Br-
recHa)
Pc
rec

(11)

Hm= -Bm/Pc-Ha

Br(T)

Pc

Pc

Br(20)
B'
B''

Bm
B
m

Hc

Ha

6.

Hc

Ha

7.

119

Technical Series

(12) .

6 B
.

B'
B''
=
Br(T) Br(20)

(12)

.
(Ferrite)
-0.2%/C, 0.4%/C.
, 120 ,
(20) 20%
, 40% 6 C

.

, ,
,

.


.

,

, ,

(1) (2) 1

,

. 7

.
, (20) (T)
Br(20) Br(T)

1. David K. Cheng, Fundamentals of Engineering

Electromagnetics, Addison Wesley.
2. Mulukutla S. Sarma, Electric Machines, PWS

.
, T
B'
, Br(20)

B'' .

120

EP&C

Publishing Company.
3. Jacek F. Gieras, Mitchell Wing, Permanent Magnet
Motor Thechnology, Marcel Dekker, Inc..