PROJECT WORK ON COMPUTER

PRESENTED BYPRATYUSH THAKUR ROLL NO 22 VI - B

SOME FACTS ABOUT THE

COMPUTER

INTRODUCTION

COMPUTERS HAVE COME A LONG WAY SINCE BRITISH MATHEMATICIAN CHARLES BABBAGE (1791-1871) INVENTED HIS DIFFERENCE ENGINE NO2. THEY WERE SO BIG THAT THEY COULD FIT IN ONE ROOM. BY COMPARISON SOME OF THE LATEST PCS ARE LESS THAN 3 CM THICK AND WEIGH AROUND 2.54 KG.

MINIATURISATION OF COMPUTERS
EARLY COMPUTERS WERE KNOWN AS MAINFRAMES, AND WERE SO BIG THAT THEY FILLED ENTIRE ROOMS. THE FIRST DIGITAL COMPUTERS WERE USED DURING THE WORLD WAR-2. LATER IN THE 1950S COMPUTERS WERE SMALLER, BUT IT WASNT UNTIL 70S AND 80S THAT COMPUTERS COULD FIT INTO DESKSAND WERE CHEAP ENOUGHTO BUY. NOW WITH THE HELP OF MINIATURISATION THE COMPUTERS ARE SMALLER.

CLASSIFICATIO N OF COMPUTERS

CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTER
1. 2. 3. 4.

COMPUTER CAN BE CLASSIFIED INTO : MICRO COMPUTERS / PCS MINI COMPUTERS MAINFRAME COMPUTERS SUPER COMPUTERS CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS IS BASED ON THE INTERNAL MEMORY AND THE SPEED OF

WHAT IS A COMPUTER ?
COMPUTER IS A PROCESSOR OF INFORMATION.IT IS A FAST AND ACCURATE ELECTRONIC DEVICE THAT ACCEPTS INPUT, STORES AND PROCESSES INFORMATION TO PRODUCE THE REQUIRED OUTPUT.

CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER
* ACCURACY: COMPUTERS ARE VERY ACCURATE . IT NEVER RESULTS IN ANY KINDS OF ERRORS IN THE CALCULATIONS * TIRELESS: SINCE COMPUTER GETS POWER CONTINUOSLY IT NEVE GETS TIRED. * SPEED: COMPUTER WORKS VERY FAST . IT CAN PERFORM THOUSANDS OF CALCULATION WITHIN SECONDS

SOME FUNCTIONS
1. 2.

3. 4. 5.

INPUT DEVICE : ACCEPTS DATA GIVEN BY USER. PROCESSING : PROCESSES THE DATA ACCORDING TO THE GIVEN INSTRUCTIONS. OUTPUT : PRODUCES RESULT. STORAGE : STORES THE RESULT. THE PHYSICAL PARTS THAT WE

INTERNET
GOOGLE GOOGLE IS THE MOST USED INTERNET SEARCH ENGINE IN THE WORLD. SINCE 1998 IT HAS INDEXED MORE THAN 12 BILLION WEB PAGES,

MAIN PARTS OF COMPUTER

*THE MAIN PARTS OF THE COMPUTER ARE THE MOST IMPORTANT FOR A COMPUTER TO START OTHERS WHICH ARE NOT

KEYBOARD
THE KEYBOARD IS THE MOST COMMONLY USED DEVICE. A KEYBOARD HAS A MINIMUM OF 104 KEYS.

MONITOR
MONITOR IS USED TO DISPLAY TEXT GRAPHIC IMAGES ETC. IT IS SIMILAR TO A TV SCREEN.

MOUSE
MOUSE IS A POINTING DEVICE . IT HAS TWO OR THREE BUTTONS ON THE TOP. ALWAYS USE THE MOUSE PAD TO KEEP AWAY THE DUST ROLLING OVER THE MOUSE BALL

C.P.U
A CPU IS USED FOR INSERTING CDS AND FLOPPYS IT IS AN IMPORTANT PART OF A COMPUTER.

U.P.S
A UPS SUPPLIES POWER TO THE COMPUTER . WITHOUT IT THE COMPUTER WOULD NOT START.

AND NOW THE OTHER PARTS OF THE COMPUTER

OTHER PARTS OF THE COMPUTER

JOYSTICK
* IT IS A DEVICE WHICH STANDS ON THE DESK AND GRABBED HOLD OF BY HAND. * IT IS PRIMARILY USED FOR PLAYING GAMES

MICROPHONE
A MICROPHONE IS USED TO INPUT SOUND TO THE COMPUTER SYSTEM. IT IS ALSO USED FOR MUSIC

PLOTTER
THE PLOTTER IS USED TO ATTAIN THE COMPLEX DRAWINGS,PI E CHARTS ETC. ON PAPER.

SCANNER
0 SCANNER IS AN INPUT DEVICE THAT TRANSFERS THE TEXT OR THE PICTURES FROM A PAPER TO A COMPUTER SYSTEM

PRINTER
A PRINTER SERVES AS A MEDIUM TO TAKE OUTPUT ON PAPER . PRINTER CAN PRINT AT A VERY HIGH SPEED

SPEAKERS
SPEAKERS OUTPUT SOUND FROM THEM. SOME COMPUTERS HAVE INBUILT SPEAKERS

INPUT DEVICES

KEYBOARD
KEYBOARD IS A COMMONLY USED DEVICE IT IS USED FOR TYPING WORDS, NUMBERS,SPE CIAL CHARACTERS INTO THE

MOUSE
MOUSE IS USED TO GIVE GRAPHICAL INPUT. IT IS A DEVICE THAT CONTROLS THE POINTER ON THE MONITOR

JOYSTICK
MOVING THE JOYSTICK IN ANY DIRECTION MAKES THE POINTER MOVE IN THE SAME WAY IT IS COMMONLY USED TO PLAY

MICROPHONE
A MICROPHONE INPUTS SOUND TO THE COMPUTER. IT IS USED FOR HEARING WITHOUT SPEAKERS.IT IS ALSO USED IN CALL CENTRES.

THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF SCANNERS FLAT BED HAND HELD

 A MONITOR IS THE MOST COMMONLY USED OUTPUT DEVICES. THE COLOURED MONITOR SHOWS TEXT AND PICTURES IN VARIOUS COLOURS.

MONITOR

PRINTER
A PRINTER IS CONNECTED TO THE COMPUTER WITH A CABLE. A PRINTED DOCUMENT IS REFFERED TO AS A HARD COPY

PLOTTER
A PLOTTER IS AN OUTPUT DEVICE DESIGNED TO PRODUCE HIGH QUALITY GRAPHICS IN A VARIETY OF COLOURS.

SPEAKERS
SPEAKERS ARE USED FOR SOUND OUTPUT AS FOR A GAME

DEVICES USED IN COMPUTER

CDS
WE CAN RECORD DATA , DOCUMENT , VIDEOS ETC. IN A CD . THERE ARE MANY TYPES OF CDS LIKE RECORDABLE , REWRITABLE. MOSERBAER AND SONY ARE SOME OF THE LEADING CD MAKERS

WEB CAM
o A WEB CAM IS USED FOR CHATTING ON THE INTERNET . IT PROVIDES THE PICTURE OF THE PERSON WITH WHOM WE ARE

PENDRIVE
WE CAN USE PENDRIVE FOR STORING DATA AND OTHER ITEMS. THERE ARE PENDRIVES OF MANY STORAGE SIZES LIKE 1GB,2GB,3GB,4GB ETC.

DVDS
DVDS ARE LIKE CDS BUT A CD CAN CONTAIN ONLY ONE FILM AND A DVD CAN CONTAIN 5-7 FILMS. THE FULLFORM OF DVD IS DIGITAL VIDEO DISPLAY.

FLOPPY
A FLOPPY IS USED TO STORE DATA ,GAMES MOVIES AND MANY

FULL FORMS

CPU :- CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT o ALU :- ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT o RAM :- RANDOM ACESS MEMORY o ROM :- READ ONLY MEMORY o CU :- CONTROL UNIT o PC :- PERSONAL COMPUTER o MU :- MEMORY UNIT o VDU :- VISUAL DISPLAY UNIT
o

MB :- MEGA BYTE KB :- KILO BYTE GB :- GIGA BYTE CD :- COMPACT DISC DVD :- DIGITAL VIDEO DISPLAY MS :- MICROSOFT GUI :- GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE CUI :- COMMAND USER INTERFACE DOS :- DISK OPERATING SYSTEM UPS :- UNINTERRUPTED POWER

THERE IS A GREAT USE OF COMPUTERS IN THE ADVANCED WORLD HERE WE HAVE LISTED A FEW USES-

THE ARMY
THE ARMY USES THE COMPUTERS FOR MANNING THE UNMANNED MISSILES AND TRACKING THE ENEMY MISSILES

SPACE TRAVEL
THE SPACE TRAVEL USES THE COMPUTERS FOR TRACKING THE JOURNEY OF THE SPACECRAFT.

MEDICINE
THE DOCTORS USE THE COMPUTERS FOR EXAMINING THE PATIENT S DNA , XRAYS ETC.

COMMON MAN
THE USE OF COMPUTER FOR COMMON MAN VARIES FROM DOING CALCULATION OR PLAYING GAMES.

BANKS
THE BANKS USE THE COMPUTERS FOR MAINTAINING THE RECORD OF CUSTOMERS AND EMPLOYEES

FARMING
COMPUTERS HAVE STIMULATED THE GROWTH OF CROPS IN OUR FIELDS. DIFFERENT EXPERIMENTS FOR THE BETTER YIELD OF CROPS ARE PERFORMED ON THE COMPUTERS WHICH GIVES THE RESULT IN SECONDS.

PREDICTING WEATHER
COMPUTERS ARE WIDELY USED IN METEOROLOGICAL DEPARTMENT FOR WEATHER FORECASTS. COMPUTERS ARE EVEN USED IN FUTURE FORECAST, IN MATCHMAKING AND IT CAN ALSO TELL OUR HOROSCOPE

ELECTION
COMPUTERISED VOTING IN ELECTIONS NOT ONLY REDUCES THE COST BUT ALSO SPEEDS UP THE PROCESS OF COUNTING THE VOTES

ZOOS
THE ZOOS USE THE COMPUTER FOR MAINTANING A RECORD OF THE ANIMALS

SCHOOLS
THE COMPUTERS ARE USED BY THE SCHOOLS FOR PREPARING RESULTS AND RELEASING THEM ONLINE.

BUISNESS HUBS
THE BUSINESS HUBS USE COMPUTERS FOR MANTANING RECORD THEY ALSO USE COMPUTER S FOR MAKING BILLS

END SHOW