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Final - Innatism vs. Other Theories
Final - Innatism vs. Other Theories
Innate knowledge
LAD
Universal Grammar:
Early
INPUT
LAD
Final State
Language Acquisition
DISPELLING A COMMON-SENSE ACCOUNT There have been a great number of attempts to explain how language acquisition proceeds, but none of them has been able to account for what Innatism claims: Trial and error Corrective feedback Imitation Expansion Motherese
WHY LANGUAGE DOES NOT HAVE TO BE TAUGHT? Behaviourist children learn language with someone, usually their parents, who teaches them.
How come children can utter sentences that they had never been said before?
Innatism
HALLIDAY
CHOMSKY
SKINNER
PIAGET
Innate knowledge
Linguistic capacity
Social aspects
Inter-organism, takes context and interaction with other people into account.
Inter-organism, Intra-organism, takes the interaction with environment into the environment. account.
Environment
Primary linguistic Stimuli come data to set the from the parameters. environment.
Phases
Semantic functions Instrumental
Characteristics Preespeech (sound and gestures) + semantic content Meaning begins to be constructed. The act is SYMBOLIC
Personal Heuristic
Increase in the number of meanings. Mathetic Around 18 months. The identification by the child of her/his self Pragmatic becomes part of the same function that uses to explore the rest of the universe. Language as doing interact with other people and control objects and people. Development of dialogue. Ideational Interpersonal Textual Both functions are used together in the same utterance. The textual function allows the speaker or writer to operate in discourse in a way that is relevant to the situation. All are activated by aspects of the context in which language is being used.
Communicative Competence
Dell Hymes
Competence
Pragmatics Other Aspects: Language functions Discourse analysis Styles and registers Language and Gender Nonverbal Communication
NATURAL APPROACH
-Communication as primary function of language. - Krashens language acquisition theory i + 1 - Emphasis on input. - Comprehensible input in the target language.