CNG NG MNG MY TNH VIT NAM

Author: Luong Khiem

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WHAT IS JOOMLA?
See how easy it is!

I) What is Joomla? 1. Gii thiu Joomla 2. ng dng Joomla 3. Ci t Joomla II) Administrator Overview 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Tng quan trang qun tr Cu hnh chung Qun l ngn ng Qun l giao din Qun tr ni dung Qun l menu Qun l Module, Component

III) Advance Joomla 1. Template Joomla 2. Component 3. SEO 4. Bo mt Website Joomla

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KT NI CNG NG MNG

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CNG NG MNG MY TNH VIT NAM

I) What is Joomla?
1. Gii thiu Joomla
Joomla c pht m theo ting Swahili nh l 'jumla' ngha l "ng tm hip lc".

Joomla! l mt h qun tr ni dung m ngun m (ting Anh: Open Source Content Management Systems). Joomla! c vit bng ngn ng PHP v kt ni ti c s d liu MySQL , cho php ngi s dng c th d dng xut bn cc ni dung ca h ln Internet hoc Intranet. Joomla c cc c tnh c bn l: b m trang (page caching) tng tc hin th, lp ch mc, c tin RSS (RSS feeds), trang dng in, bn tin nhanh, blog, din n, bnh chn, lch biu, tm kim trong Site v h tr a ngn ng. Joomla! c s dng khp mi ni trn th gii, t nhng website c nhn cho ti nhng h thng website doanh nghip c tnh phc tp cao, cung cp nhiu dch v v ng dng. Joomla c th d dng ci t, d dng qun l v c tin cy cao. Joomla c m ngun m do vic s dng Joomla l hon ton min ph cho tt c mi ngi trn th gii.

2. ng dng Joomla
-

Cc cng thng tin in t hoc cc website doanh nghip: Thng mi in t trc tuyn Bo in t, tp ch in t Website ca cc doanh nghip va v nh Website ca cc c quan, t chc phi chnh ph Website cc trng hc Website ca gia nh hay c nhn ...

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3. Ci t Joomla
3.1 Ci t Home Server
-

Joomla! L mt h qun tr ni dung m ngun m c vit trn ngn ng PHP kt ni vi c s d liu MySQL do mt website Joomla c th chy c chng ta cn c mt server c ci t PHP v MySQL v mt s module khc. Thng thng th chng ta s thu Hosting t cc nh cung cp dch v Domain Hosting. phc v cho vic hc tp v nghin cu chng ta cng c th t minh xy dng mt Home Server chy website Joomla ngay ti my mnh. xy dng Home Server ta c th s dng nhiu ng dng khc nhau nh: Apache, XAMPP, Uniform Server,..Vi u im ni bt v cc plugin cng nh s tin dng d s dng th Uniform Server l mt la chn Ci t Uniform Server: Download Uniform Server ti: http://sourceforge.net/projects/miniserver/files/ Sau khi download ta chy gii nn Uniform Server:

Sau khi gii nn ta chy file Start.exe khi ng server

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Start Server:

Nh vy bn ci t xong Home Server

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3.2 Ci t Joomla
Bc 1:To c s d liu (CSDL) - Truy cp phpMyadmin to CSDL cho website http://localhost/apanel/phpmyadmin theo link:

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To CSDL cho website, y ta t tn CSDL l joomla

Bc 2: Ci t Joomla

Dowload source Joomla ti: http://www.joomla.org/download.html Gii nn source joomla vo th mc WWW ca server

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tin hnh ci t website ta http://localhost/joomla/installation/index.php

chy

ng

dn:

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Bm next qua bc 2: Pre-installation Check. Bc ny kim tra cu hnh Server. Bm Next qua bc 3: Licence. Bc ny gii thiu v bn quyn Joomla, nhng Joomla l m ngun m nn chng ta c th khng cn quan tm bc ny v nhn Next qua bc 4. bc tip theo ny chng ta khai bo thng tin CSDL cho website joomla

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Note:Chng ta cn i tn Prefix mc nh ca joomla l jos_ thnh mt tn khc v d nh: lk_ bo mt cho website, iu ny s c ni r hn trong phn Bo Mt Joomla bc tip theo FTP Configurationchng ta c th cu hnh ti khon FTP cho site ngay ti y, thng thng chng ta khng cu hnh FTP nn chn Next

B c

M a i n

C o n f iguration cu hnh thng tin website: Site name: t tn cho website Your Email: cu hnh email ca administrator
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Admin password: cu hnh password cho user: admin Install Sample Data: ci t d liu mu cho website bn d dng lm vic vi mt website mi bt u xy dng

bc cui cng hon tt vic ci t bn cn phi xa th mc Installation trong source ci t ca bn

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Nh vy bn hon tt vic ci t mt website joomla. Bn c th xem website va ci t:

http://localhost/joomla/

II) Administrator Overview

Trang qun tr administrator ca Joomla iu hnh ton b website Joomla. Vi giao din c thit k tao nh d s dng ngi dng c th xy dng cu trc website, bin tp v xut bn ni dung trang web. - Cu trc mt trang qun tr Administrator ca Joomla thng gm 4 vng: Menubar thanh menu, Toolbar thanh cng c, Infobar thanh thng tin, Workspace vng lm vic. - ng nhp vo trang qun tr ta ng nhp vi ng dn /administrator. y ta ng nhp vi ng dn sau: http://localhost/joomla/administrator - Ti khon ng nhp ta ng nhp vi: o Tn ng nhp: admin o Mt khu: ****** (l mt khu m bn to trong qu trnh ci t joomla)
-

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1. Tng quan trang qun tr

Trang qun tr c b thanh nhng cc vng gip ngi dng d dn qun tr trang web ca mnh

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Vng 1: Thanh menu cha menu tt c cc chc nng, ng dng, qun tr ni dung ca website Vng 2:Thanh thng tin, gip ngi qun tr (admin) c th bit v tnh trng website nh: Phin bn joomla ang xi ( Phin bn 1.5.20) Nt Xem trc, email, user ang ng nhp, Nt Thot. Vng 3:Vng lm vic, gip admin c th d dng di chuyn n cc mc cn lm mt cch d dng v nhanh chng nh: Vit bi mi, qun l ch , qun l ngn ng, qun l thnh vin, Thm bi vit mi: bin son thm mt bi vit mi Qun l bi vit: qun l tt c cc bi vit Qun l nhm tin:qun l, chnh sa cc nhm tin Qun l ch :qun l, chnh sa ch ca cc nhm tin Qun l a phng tin: Cho php qun l cc hnh nh, flash, ti liu, ca website Qun l menu: Chnh sa, thm xa cc menu Qun l ngn ng:cho php chn ngn ng mc nh cho website cng nh trang qun tr. Qun l thnh vin: qun tr cc thnh vin ca website Cu hnh chung:cho php cu hnh h thng cho server, h thng cng nh tng th trang web. Vng 4:Cc Cng c ( Module) hin th trong trang qun tr gip admin d dng thng k tnh trng website nh: s lng user ang ng nhp, bi vit mi nht, bi vit c nhiu nht,

2. Cu hnh chung
L trung tm cu hnh chnh ca mt website Joomla, tt c cu hnh quan trng u c cu hnh y, tt c nhng chnh sa trong Cu hnh chung u c lu xung file configuration.php

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2.1.

Trang Web

Cu hnh Site: Cho php admin ty chn cho website ngng hot ng hay khng. Cu hnh tn website Chn trnh son tho ni dung bi vit Email website Cu hnh my tm kim:Ni Google hiu tng th v website ca bn thng qua cc t khoa Meta v m t v website ca bn (Keyword descriptions) Thit lp SEO: Admin c th chnh ng dn thn thin vi Google (Google friendly). Phn ny chng ta s i chi tit trong phn SEO.

2.2.

H thng

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L trung tm cu hnh ton b h thng website t thit lp h thng, cu hnh thnh vin, cache cng nh qun l a phng tin.

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2.3.

My ch

Cu hnh my ch: admin cu hnh th mc cha file tm (Temp). Nn trang dng GZIP: cho php nn website dng gzip ti u tc website Cu hnh mi gi:Ci t mi gi cho website Cu hnh FTP:Bc ny gip cu hnh, chnh sa FTP trong qu trnh ci t chng ta b qua. Thng thng admin khng cu hnh FTP y m bo v vn bo mt Cu hnh CSDL:cu hnh chnh sa thng tin v CSDL ca website Cu hnh mail:Cu hnh email cho website

3. Qun l ngn ng
Admin qun l ngn ng website thng qua trang ny, admin c th ci t cc gi ngn ng cho website. ci t gi ngn ng chng ta lm nh sau: Download gi ngn ng ti: http://extensions.joomla.org/extensions/languages/translations-for-joomla

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Sau khi download v my bn tin hnh ci t : Phn m rng Ci t/Tho g Chn tp tin Ti ln & Ci t

Mt website c th nhiu ngn ng bn c th chn ngn ng mc nh cho website nh sau: Trn thanh menu bn chn: Phn m rng Qun l ngn ng Chn ngn ng mc nh cho website

Tng t nh vy chng ta cng c th ci t v chn ngn ng mc nh cho trang Admin

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4. Qun l giao din

Trang Qun l giao din gip admin chn template mc nh cho site cng nh l c th chnh sa hoc xem trc template . o Chn: Phn m rng Qun l giao din vo trang qun tr
o

chn giao din mc nh cho website bn ch cn chn Template sau chn Mc nh Mun sa template no bn ch cn chn template v chn Sa

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5. Qun tr ni dung
Ni dung ca mt

trang Joomla c qun l thng qua cu trc 3 tng: Nhm Tin Ch con Bi vit Mt website s bao gm mt hoc nhiu Nhm tin, trong mi Nhm tin s bao gm mt hoc nhiu Ch con, v cc Bi vit c t trong tng Ch con qun l Nhm tin trn thanh menu chn: Ni dung Qun l nhm tin qun l Ch con trn thanh menu chn: Ni dung Qun l ch con qun l Bi vit trn thanh menu chn: Ni dung Qun l bi vit

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Trong trang Qun l bi vit admin c th qun l ton b cc bi vit ca website. Admin c th chnh sa mt bi vit, thm mi mt bi vit hay cng c th di chuyn bi vit t Ch con ny sang Ch con khc,.. Thm mt bi vit mi: thm mt bi vit mi th trong trang Qun l bi vit ta chn Thm mi

6. Qun l menu

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Qun l cc

menu ca website. Admin c th thm, xa, sa cc menu. Chng ta s to ra cc Danh mc menu, admin c th cho Danh mc menu hin ra trang ch cc v tr ty theo Layout ca website

7. Qun l Module, Component

7.1. Qun l Module

Module Joomla thng c ci t biu din ni dung trang web hoc l cc media ln trang ch website hoc cc trang trong ca website. vo Qun l Module trn thanh menu admistrator ta chn: Phn m rng Qun l Module

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Admin c th d dng thm, xa, sa cc module, cu hnh hin th v tr ca module ra ngoi website

7.2. Qun l Component

Cho php admin cu hnh, tinh chnh cc chc nng ca cc Component c ci t vo website

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Bng qung co: Component Bng qung co to ra cc banner qung co ng trn site, h tr khi ngi dng click vo banner s tr n mt url no . Ngoi ra component ny cn h tr m s lt click vo banner qung co gip admin qun l c hiu qu ca banner Lin h: Component Lin H cho php bn to thng tin lin h ca website, bn c th thm tn, a ch, s in thoi, fax, News Feed: Cho php bn thm nhng feed ly t website khc v trn website ca bn Thm d: Cho php bn to nhng bn thm d cho ngi dng website bnh chn Tm kim: Chc nng tm kim cho website ca bn Lin kt web: Cho php bn thm nhng link ca cc website khc ln trang ca bn

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III) Advance Joomla

1. HTML, CSS, Javascript
1.1. HTML Trong thc t trang Web thng c 2 loi l web tnh v web ng. Trang web tnh l trang HTML khng kt ni c s d liu(csdl) , ngc li trang web ng l trang c kt ni csdl nh trang PHP, ASP, JSP,. Nhng m n chung 1 trang web d tnh hay ng nu bn mun biu din d liu th bn cn phi dng n cc th HTLM trong . Nh vy cc th HTML rt quan trng trong mt trang web ca bn . Cu trc mt trang HTML c bn Nh ni trn HTML biu din d liu trang web v c trnh by trn cc Web Browser, v mt trang HTML c lu vi phn m rng l .htm hay .html . Cu trc trang web HTML c bt u bi th m <html> v kt thc bng th ng </html> . Bn mun lm ch c HTML th bn cn phi nm vng c cc th ca HTML , cc th trong HTML thng c 2 loi th l : Loi th m c km <body></body>,. theo th ng . Ex: <a>..</a>,

Loi th m m khng c th ng . Ex: <img>,<br>,<hr>,.. Ni chung l HTML rt d dng cc bn tip cn vi n , mnh s a ra cho cc bn mt cu trc ca 1 trang HTML c bn //cu trc mt trang HTML c bn <html> <head> <title>Wellcome to Website </title> //title ca mt trang web c bn <meta joomla, website> //th ny dung a thng tin trang web dzo b my tm kim

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</head> <body> <b>HTML v cc th c bn</b> </body> </html> Note: Cc th trong HTML u khng phn bit ch hoa ,chng thng. Cc th HTML thng dng 1) Th <head></head> nh ngha cc m t v trang HTML.Tt c cc thng tin tong th ny u khng xut hin trn trang web . Cc bn c th chn thm cc th bn trong th head nh <title>,<meta>,<link>, Ex: <head> <title>Wellcome to www.thegioimang.org</title> //title ca mt trang web c bn <meta Din n Mng My Tnh, Network,groupw3> //th ny dung a thng tin trang web dzo b my tm kim </head> 2) Th <title>.</title> Title cho php bn trnh by chui thng tin ca trang web ln trn thanh tiu ca trang web mi khi web chy . Ex: <title>Wellcome to website </title> 3) Th <body></body> Trong HTML th tt c cc thng tin trong thanh <body> u c biu th ln trn trang web ngi s dng nhn thy . Trong th <body> ny bn cn kt hp tht nhun nhuyn cc th vi nhau t nn mt trang web hon thin

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4) Cc th nh dng Trong phn n th mnh ch gii thiu n cc bn cc th thng dng dng h tr trong vic nh dng vn bn trn web HTML. Mt s th c bit cc bn nghin cu thm nha . 4.1. Th <div>..</div>

Cho php bn nh dng mt on vn bn bng cc thuc tnh ca n . V d nh bn mun canh gia mt on vn bn th bn dng thuc tnh algin=center: <div algin=center> Cho mng bn n vi website. </div> 4.2. Th <p></p>

Th ny cng tng t nh th <div> nhng m khi kt thc th </p> th dn liu trnh by s t ng xung hng . Nu nh bn s dng 2 th <p> lin tip th sau khi kt thc th </p> th nht s cch th th 2 mt khong nht nh. Ngoi ra ta c th s dng th <br> dng xung hng . <br> l th khng c th ng v khi xung hng n s khng cch 1 on ging nh th <p> m n s hin th hng tip theo. 4.3. Th <font></font>

Th <font> dng cc bn nh dng font ch ca on vn bn nm trong tag ny bng cc thuc tnh ca n nh : Color: nh dng mu ch cho on vn bn. Mu sc th cc bn c th biu din bng cch dng tn mu bng ting anh nh: red,blue,green,hoc cc bn cng c th ly m mu chn dzo nh color=#66CCFF. Size: nh dng c ch Face: nh dng kiu ch cho vn bn nh: arial,time new romal,tohoma,.. Mt s th dng vn bn thng thng:

4.4.

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<H1> </H1> : Headers (H1 to H6) (TIU - 6 cp t 1 n 6) <P> </P> : Paragraphs (Xc nh mt an vn bn)

<UL > </UL>: Un order List (danh sch - Bullet ) <OL > </OL>:Order List (danh sch - Numbering) <HR> : Horizontal Rules. (chn ng k ngang). <BR> : line breaks ( ngt dng) < U ></ U> : underline (gch chn vn bn) < I ></I> : Italic (Vn bn Nghing) < B ></ B> :Bold (gch chn in m) Khong trng (trong trng hp mun c nhiu hn 1 k t trng): &nbsp; Du nh hn (<) v ln hn (>): &lt; Du ngoc kp (): &quot; K hiu : &copy; &gt;

5) Th nh dng bng <table></table> Khi bn mun trnh by mt bng d liu ln web chng hn nh trnh by bng im ca sinh vin hay l danh sch cc sinh vin th bn cn phi dng n th ny . Sau khi khai bo th <table> th bn cn quan tm n cc th hng <tr>..</tr> v th ct <td></td> V bn cn quan tm n cc thuc tnh ca n . y l mt s thuc tnh ca th <table>:

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BORDER=x : kch thc vin BGCOLOR: mu nn, ALIGN: canh chnh WIDTH,HEIGHT : kch thc cao, rng CELLPADDING, CELLSPACING : khong cch gia cc hng v ct ROWSPAN, COLSPAN: trn cc dng hoc ct <TR>: dng, <TD> ct, <TH>: heading <CAPTION>: tiu m t bng bgcolor=mu: mu nn ca bng background=a_ch_nh: a ch ca file nh lm nn cho bng. Nn s dng ng dn tng i nu c th Note: Khi thit k table cc bn ch cn quan tm n chiu rng ch khng cn quan tm n chiu cao ca <table> v chiu cao ca n ph thuc vo di s liu ca ta. Tng t th th hng <tr> th ta ch quan tm n chiu cao ,cn th ct th ta ch quan tm n th rng. Ex: cc bn hnh dung r hn v table ta a ra mt v d cc bn lm th cc bn s hiu c table. Cc bn hy xy dng trang web ging nh hnh di:

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Code: <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title> HTML v cc th c bn </title> </head> <body> <table border="1" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="7" width="500"> <tr> <td width="15%" align="top" rowspan="2"> STT </td> <td width="35%" align="center" rowspan="2"> H & Tn <td width="50%" align="top" colspan="2"> <center>profile</center> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="25%" align="center"> MSSV </td>

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<td width="25%" align="center"> Qu Qun </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="15%" align="center"> 001 </td> <td width="35%" align="center"> Nguyen Van A </td> <td width="25%" align="center"> 0511125 </td> <td width="25%" align="center"> Si Gn </td> </tr> </tr> <tr> <td width="15%" align="center"> 002 </td> <td width="35%" align="center">

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Nguyen Van B </td> <td width="25%" align="center"> 0511126 </td> <td width="25%" align="center"> H Ni </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="15%" align="center"> 003 </td> <td width="35%" align="center"> Nguyen Van C </td> <td width="25%" align="center"> 0511127 </td> <td width="25%" align="center"> H Ni </td> </tr> </table>

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<table> </table> </body> </html> 5) Th Hnh nh <img > Th ny dng chn hnh nh vo trong trang web , cc bn c th thm cc thuc tnh chiu cao , rng cho hnh nh ch thch cho hnh nh(alt). Th <img> l th khng c th ng. Ex: <img src=joomla.gif alt=group w3 with=500 hight=450 boder=0> 6) Th Lin Kt <a></a> Khi m bn cn lien kt n m trang web hay mt a ch email th bn c th dng th <a> ny lin kt . cho ngi dng c th chn ng lin kt th bn c th s dng tn lien kt hay cng c th dng hnh nh biu din cho lin kt . 7) Th Input <input> Th <input> l th khng c th ng . ,n cho php ngi dng nhp d liu hay ch thc thi mt nhim v no . Trong th input bao gm cc thuc tnh : text , password,submit,button,reset,checkbox,radio,hidden,image.Sau y ta trnh by cho cc bn v cc thuc tnh trn ca th <input> 7.1. Th input dng text

Th ny cho php ngi dng nhp d kiu dng text. Ta c th gii hn s lng ch bng option maxlenght ,gii hn chiu di theo kch thc ca table bng option size hay c th gn gi tr mc nh bng option value. Ex: <input type=text name=Fullname size=20 maxlenght=30> 7.2. Th input dng password value=luongkhiem

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Ci ny cng tng t nh dng text , n cho php ngi dng nhp Password ng nhp.V cc gi tr m ngi dng nhn thy ch di 2 dng * hay . ty thuc vo trnh duyt web ca bn Ex: <input=password name=nhappassword value= size=20 maxlenght=30> 7.3. Th input dng checkbox Cho php chn mt la chn trong mt nhm la chn c a ra. Trn 1 form c th c nhiu nhm la chn kiu ny. Th: <input>: Mi cn 1 th Thuc tnh: name=tn_t: quan trng. Cc i tng cng tn th thuc cng nhm. type=radio value=gi tr: y l gi tr chng trnh s nhn c nu NSD chn ny. checked: nu c th nt ny mc nh c chn

7.4.

Th input dng radio

Cho php chn mt la chn trong mt nhm la chn c a ra. Trn 1 form c th c nhiu nhm la chn kiu ny. Th: <input>: Mi cn 1 th Thuc tnh: name=tn_t: quan trng. Cc i tng cng tn th thuc cng nhm. type=radio

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7.5.

value=gi tr: y l gi tr chng trnh s nhn c nu NSD chn ny. checked: nu c th nt ny mc nh c chn Th input dng submit

Th ny cho php bn chp nhn d liu nhp trong cc th input trang Web. C ngha l khi cc bn ng chuyn d liu ln bng phng thc post (trong form) hay get (trong query string) Ex: <input type=submit value=save name=submit> 7.6. Th dng Button

Cho php chn mt la chn trong mt nhm la chn c a ra. Trn 1 form c th c nhiu nhm la chn kiu ny. Th: <input>: Mi cn 1 th Thuc tnh: name=tn_t: quan trng. Cc i tng cng tn th thuc cng nhm. type=radio value=gi tr: y l gi tr chng trnh s nhn c nu NSD chn ny. checked: nu c th nt ny mc nh c chn 7.7. Th input dng Reset Th reset cho php bn phc hi nhng d liu nhp hay chn trong th input ,select ,textarea tr v trng thi ban u. Ex: <input type=reset value=cancel name=reset> 7.8. Th input dng Combo Box (Drop-down menu)

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Bao gm mt danh sch c nhiu phn t. Ti mt thi im ch c 1 phn t c chn NSD c th chn 1 phn t trong danh sch x xung bng cch kch vo mi tn bn phi hp danh sch. Th to hp danh sch: <select>Danh sch phn t</select> Thuc tnh: name=tn_T: quan trng Th to 1 phn t trong danh sch: <option>Tiu phn t</option> Thuc tnh: 7.9. value=gi tr: gi tr chng trnh nhn c nu phn t c chn selected: nu c th phn t ny mc nh c chn Th input dng ListBox

Tng t nh Combo box, tuy nhin c th nhn thy nhiu phn t cng lc, c th la chn nhiu phn t Th: <select></select> Thuc tnh: tng t ca combo tuy nhin c 2 thuc tnh khc: size=s dng multiple: cho php la chn nhiu phn t cng lc

Th <option></option> tng t ca combo box 7.10. The input dng Hp nhp vn bn nhiu dng (TextArea) Cho php nhp vn bn di trn nhiu dng. Th:

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<textarea> Ni dung mc nh </textarea> Thuc tnh: name=tn_T: quan trng rows=s dng cols=s ct rows tnh theo s dng vn bn, cols tnh theo s k t chun trn dng. 7.11. Th input dng Hidden

L mt dng th dng text nhng khng cho ngi dng thy d liu. Vi th ny th cc bn cn phi nh ngha trc mt gi tr c th trong trong th ny . Vi th ny th bn s lm nhng ci tim n nh : nu nh bn ng nhp qu 5 ln th s kha ng nhp 15 pht ri mi tip tc cho bn ng nhp Ex: <input type=hidden name=textform value=1> 8) Th Form <form></form> phia trn chng ta c gii thiu cc th input nhng chc hn cc bn cha bit rng cc th input ny s c nhp u? Cu tr li y chnh l th <form>. Khi cc bn submit d liu nhp t cc Web Browser ln server bng 2 phng thc Post v Get trong th form . Mt s ch i vi th form: S dng cha mi i tng khc Khng nhn thy khi trang web c hin th Quy nh mt s thuc tnh quan trng nh method, action. Th to form: <form></form>

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Cc thuc tnh: name=tn_form: Khng quan trng lm action=a ch nhn d liu: Nn s dng ng dn tng i nu nm trong cng 1 web method=phng thc gi d liu. Ch c 2 gi tr: GET (mc nh) POST Ex; Mt v d cho th form dng upload tp tin ln server. <form entype=multipart/formdata action=upload.php name=form method=post onsubmit=return upload();>

Li kt : HTML c th ni l ngn ngun ca mi trang web , tt c cc trang web d bng ngn ng no cng phi u s dng n HTML. 1.2. CSS

1.2.1. CSS l g
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) c hiu mt cch n gin l cch m chng ta thm cc kiu hin th (font ch, kch thc, mu sc...) cho mt ti liu Web 1.2.2. Mt s c tnh c bn ca CSS 1. CSS quy nh cch hin th ca cc th HTML bng cch quy nh cc thuc tnh ca cc th (font ch, mu sc). cho thun tin bn c th t ton b cc thuc tnh ca th vo trong mt file ring c phn m rng l ".css" CSS n ph v gii hn trong thit k Web, bi ch cn mt file CSS c th cho php bn qun l nh dng v layout trn nhiu trang khc nhau. Cc nh pht trin Web c th nh ngha sn thuc tnh ca mt s th HTML no v sau n c th dng li trn nhiu trang khc. 2. C th khai bo CSS bng nhiu cch khc nhau. Bn c th t on CSS ca bn pha trong th <head>...</head>, hoc ghi n ra file ring vi phn m rng ".css", ngoi ra bn cn c th t chng trong tng th
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HTML ring bit Tuy nhin ty tng cch t khc nhau m u tin ca n cng khc nhau. Mc u tin ca CSS s theo th t sau. 1. Style t trong tng th HTML ring bit 2. Style t trong phn <head> 3. Style t trong file m rng .css 4. Style mc nh ca trnh duyt Mc u tin s gim dn t trn xung di. 3. CSS c tnh k tha: gi s rng bn c mt th <div id="vidu"> c khai bo u file css vi cc thuc tnh nh sau: #vidu { width: 200px; height: 300px; } mt ch no trong file css bn li khai bo mt ln na th <div id="vidu"> vi cc thuc tnh. #vidu { width: 400px; background-color: #CC0000; } Sau on khai bo ny th th <div id="vidu"> s c thuc tnh: #vidu { width: 400px; /* ln khai bo c */ height: 300px; background-color: #CC0000; }

2. Template Joomla
2.1. Tng quan v template Joomla
H thng Template Joomla l mt h thng kh d trong h Content Managerment System (CMS). Di y l mt cu trc c bn ca mt template Joomla: /templates /basic_template

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/css template_css.css /images index.php template_thumbnail.png templateDetails.xml Trong : index.php y l file gin trang template. template_css.css Css stylesheet cho template (trang nh kiu). templateDetails.xml File siu d liu (metadata) theo nh dng XML. template_thumbnail.png Mt mt mn hnh (screenshot) thu nh ca template, thng khong rng 140 pixel v cao 90 pixel.

2.2. Ci t template Joomla

ci t template Joomla bn chn: Phn m rng Ci t/ Tho g Chn template Ti ln v ci t

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Sau khi ci t template xong bn cn chn template lm mc nh chy template Bn chn: Phn m rng Qun l giao din Chn giao din Chn mc nh

2.3. Qun l Template

Vi chc nng qun l Template, Admin c th chnh sa, cu hnh chc nng giao din ton b trang web theo ca mnh. chnh sa template th trong trang Qun l giao din bn click vo giao din cn chnh sa s c nh sau:

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Chi tit: Thng tin v tn ca template v m t v template ca bn Ch nh menu: Chc nng ny gip ta xy dng mt trang website a giao din, chng ta c th chn giao din ny s c s dng nhng menu no th giao din ch chy trn menu . Cc tham s: Khu vc bn cu hnh giao din ca mnh, ty theo mi giao din s c cu hnh khc nhau Xem trc: Chc nng xem trc giao din d dng chnh sa trc khi lu li giao din Sa HTML: Admin c th chnh sa html ca template trc tip trong trang qun tr Sa CSS: Chnh sa CSS ca giao din Lu li: Sau khi chnh sa xong giao din ta c th nhn Lu li hon tt p dng: Bn mun lu li cu hnh v mun tip tc chnh sa th bn chn chc nng ny

3. Component
3.1. Ci t Component

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Ci t Component cng tng t nh vic ci t cc module, trn thanh menu ta chn: Phn m rng Ci t/Tho g Chn component cn ci t Ti ln v ci t

3.2. Mt s Component thng dng

3.2.1. Component Gallery
Cc component gallery ca Joomla gip cc bn c th xy dng cho mnh mt website biu din hnh nh nh cc website v ni tht, thi trang, cc shop, Joomla c mt cng ng pht trin cc component kh ln, download cc component gallery ti: http://extensions.joomla.org/extensions/photos-aimages/photo-gallery

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Joomla c rt nhiu component gallery nhng c mt s component kh ph bin v thng dng nh: Automicon

Gallery, sigPlus, Phoca Gallery, Jphoto,

3.2.2. Component Docman Bn mun xy dng mt trang web chia s ti liu, bn

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mun xy dng mt website gio dc vi cc bi ging c chia s trn website hay l bn mun chia s nhng ti liu hng dn s dng ca sn phm trong cng ty,. Component Docman l mt Component ca Joomla gip chng ta c th chia s cc ti liu trc tuyn. Component ny h tr chia s cc loi file, thng k file, s lt download, Bn c th download component ny ti: http://www.joomlatools.eu/docman-14.html

3.2.3. Component Joomfish Ngy nay website dn tr thnh b mt ca mt doanh

nghip, mi thng tin n ngi dng u c truyn ti nhanh nht thng qua knh website. Cng nh l xu th hi nhp th mt website khng ch l mt ngn ng m i hi cn thm mt vi ngn ng na.

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Joomfish c xy dng phc v cho vic xy dng mt

website a ngn ng, ngoi ngn ng mc nh ca website Joomfish h tr cho bn dch ra cc ngn ng khc Bn mun website mnh chy bao nhiu ngn ng th trc tin cc bn cn phi ci t cc gi ngn ng trong Qun l ngn ng. Joomfish s c chc nng gip bn dch t ngn ng mc nh sang cc ngn ng khc Bn download Joomfish ti: http://www.joomfish.net/downloads

3.2.4. Component Virtual Mart

Joomla khng ch dng li CMS m cn pht trin website gii thiu sn phm v hn na l website thng mi in t Virtual Mart l component c th ni l ng u trong mng component sn phm v thng mi in t cho Joomla. Virtual Mart h tr y cc tnh nng gii thiu sn phm, bn hng trc tuyn, qun l n hng, phiu gim gi,

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Cc bn download Virtual http://virtuemart.net/downloads?task=view

Mart

ti:

4. SEO
4.1. Gii thiu v SEO
SEO hay ti u ha Website cho my tm kim nm trong chin dch qung b Website l t vit tt ca "Search Engine

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Optimization" hoc "Search Engine Optimizers". Mc ch ca SEO l nhm ci thin lng truy cp v c cht ln lng cho Website, trc tip n t trang kt qu ca cc my tm kim (Google, Yahoo, Microsoft) vi mt s t kha nht nh. Phng php ti u SEO: Google, Yahoo hay Bing l cc b my tm kim v th n xy dng cc tiu chun nh gi, xp hng website. Mt website cng p ng c nhiu cc tiu chun ca my tm kim th cng c nh gi tt, c hi ln trn TOP s cao hn. Hin nay, c mt s cch thc quan trng sau thc hin SEO: Title - Tiu trang: khai bo th Page Title ca website ngn gn, sc tch, duy nht trong tng webpage. Cc my tm kim nh gi rt cao th Page Title do n l nhng g xc tch, hm cha nht ca website. Description- Th m t: N ging nh mt on tm tt ni dung ca website. Khi khai bo Description cng phi vit ngn gn, xc tch. Desciption thng thng l on text mu en hin ra bn trn ng link, bn di tiu trang trong phn kt qu tm kim. T kho: S dng th meta keyword thng bo cc t kha chnh ca website ti cc cng c tm kim. L mt cch gip cng c tm kim nhanh chng hiu c ni dung chnh ca website. URL: Phi xy dng mt URL tnh - hay URL thn thin vi ngi dng v my tm kim. Trong URL thn thin khng nn c cc k t c bit (%, $, ~, ...) m phi ging nh ng dn th mc trong window. Vic ny lm cc cng c tm kim d dng hn trong vic tm v thu thp ni dung trong website. Dung lng website: My tm kim lu tr ni dung website trong Server ring ca n. Nn website cng nh (di 100KB) s tt hn cho vic lu tr thng tin v qut thng tin ca my tm kim. Xy dng Backlink: L vic trao i link, xy dng lin kt ti cc website khc. Vic trao i ny da trn trao i vi cc website c cng ni dung ch v cht lng tt th s c hiu qu cao hn. Submit Website vo danh b web: danh b website ni ting v cn thit nht l ca Google, Yahoo. Hin nay Google khng cn nh gi cao vic khai bo vo cc danh b
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web do cng v sau cht lng cc danh b web cng gim, mt s danh b web bt ngi ng k phi tr tin. Pht trin, xy dng ni dung hng ti Khch hng: Content is King. My tm kim sinh ra l phc v ngi tm kim trn Internet nn ni dung l ci n quan tm nht. Nhng Website c c ni dung phong ph lun nm trong TOP u. Chn la t kha: L cch chn cch t kha ph hp vi ni dung website, ph hp vi vic Search ca ngi dng. T kha l h tr my tm kim nn chn la t kha ng, chnh xc l bc v cng quan trng, n quyt nh s thnh cng ca chin dch SEO.

4.2. Ti u website Joomla v ci t cc mod SEO 4.2.1. Ti u website Joomla

To ng dn thn thin vi cc cng c tm kim: cu hnh trong Cu hnh chung

Bt tnh nng nn website bng Gzip trong cu hnh chung

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Bt Cache website

Vic ti u mt website quan trng nht l phn ti u giao din website, chng ta lm sao cho giao din cng nh cng tt, xa b tt c cc li CSS, Javascript Ti u hnh nh flash ca website

4.2.2. Ci t cc mod SEO

Plugin Jacompress: Plugin ny gip nn tt c cc CSS, Javascript ca website, gip ti u v tc website, gim dung lng website

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Component sh404SEF: Component ny gip to ra ng link thn thin vi cc cng c tm kim, vic s dng v cu hnh rt d dng

5. Bo mt Website Joomla Thng xuyn cp nht cc phin bn update mi nht cho website Joomla ca bn Nn download source Joomla ti http://joomlacode.org Trong qu trnh xy dng hoc chnh sa website chng ta cn kim tra k source ca cc module, component, plugin, template trc khi tin hnh ci t s dng. Xa tt c cc template, module, component, plugin khng s dng Bo v k chc trang qun tr administrator trnh cc truy cp tri php Tng cng bo v file configuration.php Chmod quyn i vi th mc l 755 v file l 644 Chn mt server an ton t website mnh trn hoc c th thu mt server ring t website mnh.

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Ci t mt s module, component security cho website joomla nh: Jdefender, Ksecure,

The End!

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