‫بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم‬

‫يا رب لك الحمد كما ينبغي لجلل وجهك وعظيم سلطانك‬

‫يعجز لساني عن شكر ربي الذي هدانا لهذا وما كنا لنهتدي لول أن هدانا‬
‫الله‬
‫الحمد لله رب العالمين‬

‫النهاردة هناخد ‪Insecticides‬‬

‫وتشمل‬
‫‪organphosphorous compound-1‬‬
‫‪Carbamates -2‬‬
‫‪Hydrocarbons -3‬‬
‫‪Naphtalene-4‬‬
‫‪weed killer-5‬‬
‫‪(Rodenticide (warfarine-6‬‬
‫وقبل ما ننقل من هنا بمناسبة ‪rodenticide‬‬
‫مشروح ال ‪ warfarine‬باعتباره من المجموعة دي‬
‫لكن لو جالك سؤال اتكلم عن ‪ rodenticide‬مش هنكتفي بالوارفرين‬
‫بس لن فيه حاجات تانية أخدناه والمفروض إننا نجمعها زي‬
‫‪*Inorganic arsenic‬‬
‫*‪Yellow phosphorous‬‬
‫*‪Cyanide gas‬‬
‫‪*warfarine‬‬

‫نبدأ بال ‪organophosphorous compounds‬‬

‫‪Examples parathion ,malathione,DFP‬‬
‫‪fatal dose‬‬
‫‪mg 20-40‬‬
‫‪mechanism of action &C/P‬‬
‫معروفة‬
‫وال ‪ttt‬‬
‫معروفة من سنة ‪3‬‬

‫بعد كده ‪Carbamates‬‬

‫وهنعمل جدول‬
 Carbamate Organophoshate

*Reversible inhibitor Irreversible*

of cholinesterase inhibitor of
cholinestrase

*Degree of toxicity is Degree of*

less sever toxicity is more
sever
*Rapid reversal of
inhibition within 6 Delayed reversal*
hrs 24-48 hrs if delay
occurs to give
antidote

‫سؤال شفوي فزوة‬

‫ طب امتى نديه بقه‬PAM ‫مش احنا بنقول إن مش مهم‬
‫الجابة في حالتين‬
1-If the given insecticide is unknown
2-combination of 2 poisons ==carbamte
&organophosphate
clinical picture:
1-CNS:Headache
2-Eye :blurred vision ,miosis,lacrimation
3-Mouth :salivation,nausea ,vomiting
4-Skin:sweating
5-Chest :pain or tightness
6-Muscle :Weakness
7-Abdomen:Abdominal cramps
8- Excretory system :urination .diarrhea

More sever exposure 

Muscle cramps,fasciculations,pulmonary edema ,areflexia
&convulsions
Ttt as parathion

Chlorinated hydrocarbons
 Examples :DDT ,Toxaphene
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed produce CNS manifestations

NB : DDT is poorly absorbed from dermal exposure

Because of halogenated nature of these organic*

compounds Hepatotoxicity ,Renal toxicity&Myocardial
toxicity may occur

Site &Mechanism of action Signs &Symptoms

1-On sensory &motor nerve Parathesia of the tongue

fibers &motor cotexit is
capable of altering the
transport of Na &K ions
across the membranes of the
nerve axons
2-It sensitize myocardium to
adrenaline
,lips &face +apprehension
+hypersensitivity to stimuli
,irritability ,dizziness
,disturbed equilibrium
,tremors &chronic
convulsions

3- irritant effect on GIT,lungs Vomiting ,GIT upset ,Abd

&eyes .pain
Inhalation of the dust 
irritation in the lung
4- It induce liver damage
With large dose 
centrilobular necrosis of the
liver

NBs:
*Emesis is indicated except if comatosed,
convulsing,absent gag reflex
*Activated charcoal +saline cathartics
I said SALINE NOT OIL based
Oil based is contraindicated because it increase absorption
of the hydrocarbons
*Control convulsions by Diazepam
 *supportive measures for hepatic & renal failure

‫النفتالين بتاع العتة شائع التسمم بيه في الطفال يقول ايه ماما مخبية‬
‫مني اللبان في الدولب ويروح واكل قرصين تلتة‬
Fatal dose 1-2 gm
Clinical picture
GIT irritation
CNS manifestations
Hemolysis in big dose
Ttt
Gastric lavage with activated charcoal
Bicarbonate IV
Blood transfusion if there is hemolysis

Warfarin
coagulopathy &Haemorrhage
ttt :Vit K 1:20 mg IV
Fresh blood transfusion

Weed killer
Divided into
1- Dinitrophenol &dinitro –ortho cresol
2- Paraquate

1-Dinitrophenol & dinitro – ortho cresol

*absorbed by all routes
*cause hypemetabolic state resemble heat stroke
*With hot climate symptoms increase
symptoms include
Weakness,malaise ,headache,diaphoresis ,fever
,tachycardia ,dyspnea
Ttt
GL
Alkaline diuresis
Cold compresses for high temperature with IV fluide
therapy
Care for liver &kidney functions

2-Paraquate
Oral route is the usual route
C/P
 Local effect Systemic effect
*Local ulceration of Following massive
epithelial surface ingestion greter than
30 mg/kg
In the form of
pulmonary edema
*Burning &ulceration ,cardiac failure ,renal
of lips ,tongue failure ,hepatic failure
&pharynx &convulsions ==due to
CNS involvement
Progressive pulmonary
fibrosis ,hypoxia
&Death

Ttt
GL
Skin decontamination
Forced diuresis or charcoal haemoperfusion
Care of kidneys ,liver &lungs
corticosteroids

‫باقي الكيروسن وسموم العقارب والتعابين‬

‫أستأذن علشان أروح الكلية وأكمل لما أرجع‬