Name: ________________________ Date: _______________

ANCIENT HISTORY
Final Exam
Fill in the Blank (1 pt. each) 1. ____Barter____ was the main means of trade during ancient times. 2. Chinampas were small islands of dirt, vegetation, & mud used by Aztecs to ____grow____ ____food_____. 3. A ____confederacy___ is a loose alliance that was often formed among different Indian peoples north of Mexico. 4. ____Oracles____ were priests and priestesses who predicted the future. 5. The ____Persian_____ Wars was the long string of battles which united the Greek city-states against a common foe. 6. The ____Vandals____ was the Germanic tribe with a kingdom in North Africa who sacked Rome in 455A.D. 7. The ____Fertile____ ____Crescent____ was a well-watered zone of potential farmland, surrounded by mountains and deserts in the Middle East. 8. The ____Berbers____ controlled North African trade routes and pushed others south. 9. The Great Wall was completed during the ____Qin____ Dynasty. 10. ____Circa____ means about that time. 11. The ____Phoenicians____ were seafarers and were known for producing a deep purple dye. 12. The ____Mandate____ of ____Heaven____ was the approval of the gods to rule. 13. ____Constantine____ was the first Christian Roman emperor. 14. Greek philosophy reached its height when the philosopher ____Aristotle____ was alive. 15. ___Julius____ ____Caesar____ fought for ten years in Gaul, showing his genius for leadership and military strategy. 16. An ____archaeologist____ is one who studies the human past. 17. ____Reincarnation____ is the rebirth of the soul into different bodies until it is purified. 18. The father of history is ____Herodotus____. 19. In India they have fixed social groupings called ____castes____.

20. People are believed to have crossed into America along the ____Bering____ Strait. 21. A quipi was a colored cord knotted at intervals and used for ____recordkeeping___ by the Inca. 22. Ostracism was the practice of ____expelling____ people. 23.An ____artifact____ is anything used, manufactured, or modified by human beings. 24. The Greeks called the land between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers Mesopotamia which means the land ____between___ the ____rivers____. 25.____Prehistory____ means before written history. 26. Centuries before Greek civilization, the Minoan civilization grew up on the island of ____Crete____. 27. The Mycenaean civilization began to decline after 1200 B.C. and was known for being ruled by ____warrior-kings____. 28. Sparta was known for their ____strong-bodied\fearless____ warriors. 29. Athens known for the development of ____democracy____. 30. ____Tribunes____ were the ten officials the plebeians elected in Rome. 31. Etruscan kings ruled Rome for more than ____100____ years. 32. The ____Senate____ was the 300-member council of patricians who led the Roman Republic. 33. The Parthenon is the temple of ____Athena____ on the Acropolis of Athens. 34.____Sumer____ was the first advanced civilization in Mesopotamia. 35. In ____China____ exams were given on Confucian ideas about government. 36. A ____dynasty____ is a family-line of rulers. 37. The people from the kingdom of ____Axum____ would say their kings were descendents of Solomon & the Queen of Sheba. 38. The secular forms for B.C. and A.D. (and their meanings) are ___B.C.E. Before the common era___ and ___ C.E. the common era___. 39. About 547 B.C. the Persians, led by ____Cyrus___ the Great, began to build the largest empire that had yet existed in the ancient Middle East. 40. ____Matthew____ was an early apostle who concentrated his missionary activities in Egypt. 41. A ___city-state____ was an independent, self-governing community that included a city and the surrounding farmlands. 42. In Egypt, the ____pharaoh____ was considered to be a god and believed to possess the secrets of heaven and earth. 43.A ____ziggurat____ was a large, brick temple shaped like a stair-step pyramid.

44. The Anasazi valued ____peace____ and had a farming culture in the dry lands of the southwest United States. 45. The ____Olmec____ had colossal heads that were carved from blocks of volcanic rock. 46.The Hopewell were also known as the ____Mound Builders____. 47.____Augustus____ was the first emperor of Rome. 48. ____Platos____ most famous work wasThe Republic. 49. ____Homer____ was the poet who wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey. 50. Chinese were taught to respect their ____parents_____, which was called filial piety. 51. The ____Assyrians____ were known for using terror to control their subjects and for building the Library at Nineveh. 52.The ____Shang____ Dynasty was the first historical dynasty in China. 53. The ____Socratic____ method was the question and answer approach to teaching started by Socrates. 54. The Peloponnesian War was the war between ____Athens____ and Sparta that eventually led to the weakening of the Greek city-states. 55. The Hellenistic Age was the period following _____Alexanders____ conquests when Greek culture was spread throughout the lands he had conquered. 56. A ____republic____ is a form of government without a king or queen in which power rests with citizens who elect their leaders. 57. The Punic Wars was a series of three wars fought between Rome and the North African city-state of ____Carthage____. 58. The First Triumvirate was made up of three generals (Pompey, Crassus, and ____Caesar____) who ruled the Roman Republic from 60 to 46 B.C. 59. The ____Bantu____ started to migrate in 1 AD and went across central & southern Africa. 60. About 3100 B.C. ____Menes____, the ruler of Upper Egypt, conquered Lower Egypt and brought all of Egypt under his rule. 61. ____Hammurabi____, the ruler of Babylon from 1792to 1750 B.C., had the laws of the land collected and carved onto a block of stone eight feet high. 62. The ____Great____ ____Pyramid____ was build about 2600 B.C. during the Old Kingdom for Khufu. 63. Terrace-farming is the method of growing food on ____mountainsides____. 64. The Second Triumvirate was made up of the three supporters of Julius Caesar (Mark Antony, Lepidus, and ____Octavian____) who controlled Rome after defeating Caesars murders.

65. The ___Pax___ ___Romana___ was the 200 year period when the Roman Empire enjoyed long periods of peace and prosperity. 66. ____Martyrs____ are people who suffer or die for a cause. 67. The ____Aztecs____ built Tenochtitlan on an island that is the present-day site of Mexico City. 68. ___Mayan ____ priests taught the gods would destroy the world if ceremonies werent done on the right days. 69.The ____Chaldeans____ were known for building the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. 70. Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were the two ancient cities that developed on the ____Indus____ River. 71. In 586 B.C. ____Judah____ was conquered by Nebuchadnezzar, the ruler of Babylon. 72. ____Mansa____ ____Musa____ was the wealthy king of Mali who made a pilgrimage to Mecca. 73. Egypt, Libya, and ____Ethiopia____ were the three countries that the ancients considered Africa to be made up of. 74. The wealth of the Ghana Empire came from gold and controlling ____trade____ ____routes____. 75. The Teotihuacanos built the Pyramid of the ____Sun____--larger than any pyramid made by the Egyptians. 76. The ____Incas____ had an empire that stretched 2,000 along the Pacific coast and had probably about six million people in it. 77.Alexander the Great is known for developing an empire on ___three___ continents. 78.Socrates encouraged his fellow Athenians to Know ____thyself____.

Map (1 pt. each) Write the # on the map in RED for each of the following: 1. Nile Riever 2. Tropic of Cancer 3. Himalaya Mts. 4. Tropic of Capricorn 5. Gulf of Mexico 6. Red Sea 7. Ganges River 8. Cape of Good Hope 9. Yellow River 10. Indus River 11. Congo Basin 12. Euphrates River 13. Aegean Sea 14. Lake Chad Write the # on the map in BLUE in the central area for each of the following: 15. Aztec Empire 16. Inca Empire 17. Illyrians 18. Center of Roman Empire 19. Athens 20.Sumer 21. Carthage 22.Kush