PASSIVE VOICE

A/ FORMING THE PASSIVE:

Active: Mary helped the boy effectively this morning. Passive: The boy was helped effectively by Mary this morning. Active: An accident happened. Passive: (None.) Subject + Verb + Object + A/m + A/p + A/t Passive Subj + Be - PP(V3) + A/m + A/p + By Agent + A/t Adverbs of manner (A/m) can be placed between BE and PP: They have been badly treated by the boss. 1. REGULAR VERBS:

Mary Mary Mary

doesn t didnt wont

help help help

John . John . John .

Joh n Joh n Joh n

isnt was nt be

wont

helped by Mary. helped by Mary. helped by Mary.

2. QUESTIONS:
- Who wrote this letter? written by? - What did they steal? - What has delayed you? delayed? - Does Mary want it? - Did the boys break the vase? by the boys? Who(m) was this letter What was stolen? What have you been Is it wanted by Mary? Was the vase broken

3. IMPERATIVES:
- Open the door, please. Let the door be opened. - Dont close the windows. Don let the windows be closed. - Lets paint the room blue. Let the room be painted blue. EXERCISE 1: Supply the correct form of BE: 1. Mary opens the door. The door ... ... ... ... ... . opened by Mary. 2. Mary is opening the door. The door ... ... ... ... ... ........ opened by Mary. 3. Mary opened the door. The door ... ... ... ... ... ... opened by Mary. 4. Mary would open the door. The door ... ... ... ... ... . opened by Mary. 5. Mary had opened the door. The door ... ... ... ... ... ........ opened by Mary. 6. Mary is going to open the door. The door ... ... ... ... opened by Mary.

ACTIVE
Mary Mary Mary Mary Mary Mary Mary Mary Mary was had will is going used to is has helps helpi ng helpe d helpe d helpi ng helpe d help to help help John . John . John . John . John . John . John . John . John . Joh n Joh n Joh n Joh n Joh n Joh n Joh n Joh n Joh n is has

PASSIVE
is bein g been was was had will is going used to bein g been be to be be helped Mary. helped Mary. helped Mary. helped Mary. helped Mary. helped Mary. helped Mary. helped Mary. helped Mary. by by by by by by by by by

7. Mary will have opened the door. The door ... ... ... ... opened by Mary. 8. Mary was opening the door. The door ... ... ... .. ... opened by Mary.
EXERCISE 2: Change the active to the passive:

the famine-stricken area. 7. The teacher gave students a lot of exercises to do yesterday. 8. A policeman showed the tourists the way to the Art museum. 9. They promised good jobs to the best English students in the city. 10. The government will build the homeless a big house in a quiet district. 5. PASSIVE WITH REPORTED VERBS:

1. Shakespeare wrote that play. 2. Bill will invite Ann to the party. 3. Alex is preparing that report. 4. The teacher is going to explain the lesson. 5. Shirley has suggested a new idea. 6. Two horses were pulling the farmers wagon. 7. Kathy had returned the book to the library. 8. By this time tomorrow, the president will have made the announcement. 9. I didnt write that note. Jim wrote it. 10. Alice didnt make that pie. Who made it? Did Mrs. Bonn make it? 11. Does Ms. Ha teach this class? I know that Mr. Le doesnt teach it. 12. Has Mr. Andrews signed the papers yet? Mrs. Andrews hasnt signed them yet. 13. Dont touch this switch. 14. Lock the door, please. Burglars may break into the house. 15. Say nothing more about the matter. Just forget it. 4. INDIRECT and DIRECT OBJECTS as PASSIVE SUBJECTS: - Some one gave Mrs. Lee (I.O) an award (D.O). Mrs. Lee was given an award. -Some one gave an award to Mrs. Lee. An award was given to Mrs. Lee.
EXERCISE 3: Make two passive sentences from one active:

People say that he is 108 years old. : It is said that he is 108 years old. : He is said to be 108 years old. They said that he kicked a policeman. : It was said that he kicked a policeman. : He was said to have kicked a policeman. Reported verbs: say, think, believe, consider, report, know, expect, understand
EXERCISE 4: Turn one active sentence into two passive:

1. Someone handed Ann a menu at the restaurant. 2. Indiana University has awarded Peggy a scholarship. 3. Some company paid Fred three hundred dollars in consulting fees. 4. A local advertising company has offered Mary a good job. 5. They will send you a bill at the end of the month. 6. The Sisters of Charity will give the starving people a weeks supply of rice as soon as the food supplies arrive in

1. People believe that the strike will end soon. 2. They think the weather will be good tomorrow. 3. They guessed that the thieves got in through the windows. 4. They say that the building has been badly damaged by fire. 5. They reported that the company lost a lot of money last year. 6. People believed that Arthur robbed a bank a long time ago. 7. They thought that the prisoner escaped by climbing over a wall. 8. They report that many people are homeless after the flood. 6. CAUSATIVE VERBS: HAVE/ GET

I had my son clean the window.

 I had the window cleaned by my son. She got someone to post the letter. She got the letter posted. EXERCISE 5: Change the following sentences into passive voice & vice versa: 1. She often has a hairdresser cut her hair. 2. Why dont you get an oculist to test your eyes? 3. Im employing a man to paint my fence. 4. I think we should have a lift installed in our new house. 5. Im going to get a computer expert to install some software. 6. My parents have an intention to get a tutor to teach my brother. VERBS OF PERCEPTION: see, hear, watch, notice, let and make

* He advised me to sell the house. I was advised to sell the house. He advised that the house should be sold. agree, arrange, determine, decide + Inf + Obj: - He decided to sell the house. He decided that the house should be sold.

B. USING PASSIVE:

I saw him go/ going out. He was seen to go/ going out. - He made us work hard. We were made to work hard. But: They let us go We were let go = We were allowed to go.
EXERCISE 6: Turn into passive:

1. 2. 3. 4.

We saw the thieves run/ running through the front door. The police observed him enter the bank building. Can you smell something burning from the kitchen? Did you notice anyone standing in the corner? 5. I could feel the heart beat/ beating wildly when they were announcing the result. 8. OTHER COMBINATIONS: Advise, beg, order, recommend, urge+ IO + Inf + Obj:

This tree was planted by my grandfather. Rice is grown in many Asian countries. BY + AGENT is not used when it is not known or not important to know who perform the action. Three-quarters of the earth surface is covered with water. WITH is used to introduce Materials. EXERCISE 7: Turn into passive with or without BY: 1. John broke the vase. 2. The new of her success astonished all of us. 3. They use wood to build houses. 4. Those workers used wood and glass to build this building. 5. They teach language skills in every school in the country. 6. The Chinese invented paper, the main writing material today. 7. Someone must have dropped this watch in a hurry. 8. What sort of experiment are they doing in the laboratory now? 9. Women used to wash clothes by hand. 10. The thief used a master key to open the door. A master key/ The door 11. Students mustnt use pencils to write the essays. Pencils/The essay THUDUC HIGH SCHOOL nt_camha