4541/2 Scheme Mark scheme Paper 2

SULIT

No. 1 (a) (b) (c) (d)

Answer The temperature at which substance change from solid to liquid Q2 C Solid + Liquid
0

Sub Mark 1 1 1

Mark 1

1 1 2

Heat energy is absorbed to overcome the force of attraction between particles

1 1

(e) 1

(f)(i) 1. Both axis are labeled and with correct unit 2. Correct shape of the curve and mark Q2

1 1

Temperature ( C) Suhu (oC)

Q2

t1 (ii)

t2

Time(s) Masa(s) 1 1

Liquid X should be stirred continuously during cooling // the boiling tube containing liquid X should be placed inside the conical flask.

Total

4541/2 Scheme

SULIT

Question Explanation No 2 (a)

Mark

Mark

(b)

(c )

Atomic size E smaller than D//The number of proton in atom E more than atom D The force of attraction between proton and electron of atom E stronger Easier for atom E to accept electron 4A + B2 2A2B Correct formula of reactant and product Balanced High melting/boiling point //can conduct electricity in molten state or aqueous solution // soluble in water. Show different oxidation number // form coloured ion/compound //act as catalyst // form complex ion

1 1

(d) (i)

1 1 1

2 1

(ii)

(e)

TOTAL

4541/2 Scheme

SULIT

No.

Answer

Sub Mark

Mark

3 (a) (b) (c) (d)(i) (ii)

Ionic bond (i) 2.8.2 (ii) 2.8.7 7 CY4//CCl4 1. Nucleus for both atoms are label & all shells filled with correct number of electrons. 2. Sharing one pair of electrons

1 1 1 1 1 1

1 2 1 1 2

(e)

1. Melting point of compound Diagram 4 / XY2 is higher 2. Electrostatic forces between particles/ ions is stronger 3. More heat/energy required to overcome the forces

1 1 1 3 10

Total

No. 4 (a) (b) (i)

Answer Formula that show the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in the compound Sample answer Zinc and hydrochloric acid (ii) Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2 - correct formula for reactants and products - balance the equation

Mark 1

2 (c) The air in the combustion tube must be displaced before lighting the hydrogen gas 1

4541/2 Scheme

SULIT

(d)

(i) Element Mass Number of mole Simplest ratio Empirical formula is XO (ii) XO + H2 X + H2O - correct formula for reactants - correct formula for products 2 Total 10 X 0.64 g O 0.16 g 1

0.64 64
1

0.01

0.16 16
1

0.01

No. 5(a) (b)(i) (ii) (iii) (c)(i)

Answer Cl- and OHColourless gas bubbles Oxygen

Sub Mark 1 1 1

Mark 1

1 1 2 1

Insert a glowing splinter into the test tube. The glowing splinter rekindles. Copper

1 1
1

(ii)

Correct formulae of reactant and product Cu2+ + 2e Cu

(d)(i)

Correct formulae of reactant and product 1 2 Cl- Cl2 + 2e 1 1 1

1

(ii) (iii)

Chlorine

1 2 11

1. Cl ion donate / loss 1 electron to form chlorine atom 2. Two chlorine atoms combine to form chlorine molecule/ gas

Total

4541/2 Scheme 6 (a) (b) (c) conical flask neutralisation (i) (ii) (d) (i) (ii) (e) Titration pink to colourless NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O sodium chloride 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

SULIT

No. of moles of NaOH = 25 x 1.0 // 0.025 mol 1000 1 mol NaOH react with 1 mol HCl // 0.025 mol NaOH react with 0.025 mol HCl Volume of HCl = 1000 x 0.025 cm3 // 25 cm3 1.0 Or VHCl = 1 x 1.0 x 25 1 1.0 = 25 cm3

1+1 1

(f)

Sulphuric acid is a diprotic acid // hidrochloric acid is a monoprotic acid produce same concentration of H+ ion

1 1 11

4541/2 Scheme 7 (a) (i) Electrod Q. Mark from negative battery to cathode // from anode to positive battery. (ii)Electrode P: Concentration of ions in the electrolyte. Electrode Q: Position of ion in the electrochemical series. (iii) Electrode P: iodine molecule//iodine Electrode Q: hydrogen molecule/gas//hydrogen P: 2II2 + 2e 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

SULIT

Q: 2H+ + 2e H2 Confirmatory test at P: - Starch solution is added into the solution around electrode P , -blue colouration / precipitate is formed (b) Cell X Type of cell Electrolytic cell The energy change Electrical energy to chemical energy The terminal of Positive terminal the cell / anode: Copper Negative terminal / cathode: copper Cu 2+, H+ SO4 2- , OHAnode: Thinner Cell Y Voltaic cell Chemical energy to electrical energy Positive terminal / cathode: copper

1 1

1 Negative terminal / anode: aluminium 1

Ions present in the electrolyte Observation

Negative terminal/Aluminium plate: thinner Positive terminal/Copper plate: brown deposit//brown solid is deposited//thicker Al plate/- terminal: Al Al 3+ + 3e Cu plate//+ terminal: Cu 2+ +2e

1 Cathode: brown deposit//brown solid is deposited//thicker Half equation for both electrodes Anode: Cu Cu 2+ + 2e Cathode: Cu 2+ +2e

1+1

Cu

1+1 Cu max 10 Total 20

4541/2 Scheme

SULIT

No. 8 (a)(i)

Answer Oleum 1. Moles of sulphur = 48 / 32 =1.5 2. 1 moles of sulphur produce 1 moles of SO2 // 1.5 moles of sulphur produce 1.5 moles of SO2 3. 1. 2. 3. Volume of SO2 = 1.5 24 dm3 // 36 dm3 Catalyst: Vanadium (V) oxide // V2O5 Temperature: 450 - 500oC Pressure: 1 atm

Sub Mark

Mark 1

1 1 1

(ii)

(iii)

1 1 1 1

(iv)

(NH4)2SO4 Urea % of nitrogen in ammonium nitrate = 2 x 14 x 100 % // 35% 80 % of nitrogen in urea = 2 x 14 x 100 % 60 // 46.7 %

1 1

1
4

(b)(i) (ii)

the percentage of nitrogen by mass of urea is higher Polymer is a long chain / big molecules made up of many repeating units / monomer PVC
H C H H C Cl n

1 1 1

Chloroethene
H C H C Cl H

1+1

(iii)

1. 2. 3. 4.

(iv)

Polymer not easily biodegradable / decomposed by bacteria Block / clog up the drainage system // causing flash flood Burning of polymer will produce toxic gas Gas dissolved pollutes the lake / river and making the water not suitable for aquatic organism. 1. Reused, recycle and reduce 2. Heating the polymer without oxygen / pyrolysis Total

1 1 1 1 1 1
20

4
2

4541/2 Scheme Question Explanation No 9 (a) Group 1, Period 2 one valence electron two shells occupied with electrons (b) Correct electron arrangement of 2 ions Correct charges and labeled +
X X X X X
X

SULIT Mark 1 1 1 1 1 X X X X XX
X X X X

Mark

XX
X

XX

A Electron arrangement of atom A is 2.1 to achieve octet electron arrangement atom A donate 1 electron to form A+

B 1 1 1 1 1 1 8

Electron arrangement of atom B is 2.7 Atom B accept 1 electron to form BA+ ion and B- ion are attracted to each other by a strong electrostatic force/ ionic bond

(c)

1. A crucible is filled with solid R until it is half full. 2. Two carbon electrodes are dipped in the solid R and connected to the batteries. 3. Switch is turned on and observation is recorded. 4. The solid R is then heated until it melts completely. 5. The switch is turned on again and observation is recorded. 6. Steps 1 to 5 are repeated using solid T to replace solid R. 7. Observations: R does not light up the bulb in both solid and molten states. T lights up the bulb in molten state only. R: naphthalene // any suitable answer T: lead(II) bromide // any suitable answer

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 20 10

TOTAL

4541/2 Scheme
No. 10(a)(i)

SULIT
Sub Mark 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 Mark

Answer
Burette yellow Mol of lead(II) ion = 5x1/1000 // 0.005 Mol of chromate(VI) ion = 5x1/1000 // 0.005 (ii) 1 mol CrO42Ionic equation : Pb2+ + CrO42 PbCrO4 1. Add sulphuric acid and then follow by iron(II) sulphate solution 2. Slowly and carefully add concentrated sulphuric acid 3. Brown ring form indicate the presence of NO3- ion Magnesium nitrate is a soluble salt // No precipitate is formed Compound formed when hydrogen ion from an acid is replaced by metal ions or ammonium ions Silver chloride // AgCl Double decomposition reaction (iii)

(iii)

(iv) (b)(i) (ii)

3 2 1

1
1 1

1. Pour [50-100 cm ] [0.5-2.0 mol dm ] silver nitrate solution into 2.

3. 4. 5. 6. 7. a beaker Add [50-100 cm3] [0.5-2.0 mol dm-3] sodium chloride / any soluble salts solution contain chloride ions into the beaker Stir the mixture Filter the mixture Rinse the residue with distilled water Dry the salt by pressing it between filter papers Equation:

-3

1
1 1 1 1 1

Ag+ + Cl - AgCl

1 20

TOTAL