Calculus II: Final Exam Solution

Prashant Athavale July 25, 2008

1. (a) Let R be the region between the graphs of the equations y = x2 and y = 2x on [0, 2]. Find the volume V generated by revolving R about the x axis. 20 points Solution:
2

=
0 2

[(2x)2 (x2 )2 ]dx (4x2 x4 )dx

0

= = =

4 3 1 5 x x 3 5

2 0

64 . 15

(b) A swimming pool has the shape of a right circular cylinder with radius 10 feet and depth 8 feet. Assume that the pool contains water to a depth of 5 feet. Find the work W required to pump all of water to the top of the pool. Assume that the water weighs 62.5 pounds per cubic feet. (Evaluate the integral, but you need not do all the numerical computations.) 10 points Solution:
5

= = =

62.5
0

(102 )(8 x) x2 ) 2
5 0

62.5(100)(8x 171875.

2. (a) Find the general solution of the linear dierential equation. dy + 5y = 4e3x . dx 1

20 points Solution: The integrating factor is e the equation by e5x we get e5x
5dx

= e5x . Thus multiplying

dy + 5e5x y = 4e5x e3x dx d 5x (e y(x)) = 4e2x dy 4e2x +C e5x y(x) = 2 3x y(x) = 2e + Ce5x .

(b) Find the following limit.

ex . x x3 lim 10 points

Solution: Using the lHpitals rule three times consecutively we o get, ex x x3 lim ex x 3x2 ex = lim x 6x ex = lim x 6 = . = lim

3. Evaluate the following integrals. (a) ex cos xdx. 20 points Solution: Let I = e cos xdx. Here we can use the integration by parts with u = cos x and v = ex . thus du = sin xdx and v = ex . Thus, I = ex cos x + ex sin xdx. Now let I1 = ex sin xdx. With the substitution u = sin x and v = ex we get du = cos xdx and v = ex . Thus we get I1 = ex sin x ex cos xdx = ex sin x I. x Hence, I = ex cos x + ex sin x I + 2C, i.e. I = e2 (cos x + sin x) + C.
x

(b) tan3 x sec2 xdx. 10 points Solution: Let u = tan x, thus du = sec2 xdx. Thus, tan3 x sec2 xdx. = = = u3 du u4 +C 4 tan4 x + C. 4

4. (a) Find the equation in polar co-ordinates of a circle of radius = a, which is centered at (0, a). (You must show all your work. Please do not just write down the answer.) 10 points Solution: The equation of the circle centered at (0, a) and with the radius = a in cartesian coordinates is x2 + (y a)2 = a2 . Substituting x = r cos and y = r sin we get, r2 cos2 (r sin a)2 r2 cos2 + r2 sin2 2ar sin + a2 r2 (cos2 + r2 sin2 ) 2ar sin r2 r = a2 = a2 = = = 0 2ar sin 2a sin .

(b) Find the area A of the region inside the circle r = 2a sin and outside the circle r = a sin . 10 points Solution: Note that the circle r = 2a sin is a circle centered at (0, a) and of radius =a. And the circle r = a sin is a circle centered at (0, a ) of radius = a . Thus, the circle r = a sin is completely 2 2 inside the circle r = 2a sin . Thus, the area A inside the circle r = 2a sin and outside the circle r = a sin would be just the dierence of the corresponding areas of r = 2a sin and r = a sin . thus A = a2 ( a )2 = 3 a2 . 2 4

5. (a) Determine the values of x for which the series converges.

n x2n+1 n=0 (1) (2n+1)!

20 points

Solution:
n

lim

x2n+3 (2n + 1)! (2n + 3)! x2n+1

= =

x2 n (2n + 3)(2n + 2) 0 < 1. lim

Thus by the generalized ratio test, the given series converges for all values of x.

(b) Find the Taylor series of sin x. Show that this series converges to the function sin x for all x. 20 points Solution: Let f (x) = sin x. Note that f (2k) (x) = (1)k sin x and f (2k+1) (x) = (1)k cos x. Hence, f (2k) (0) = 0 and f (2k+1) (x) = x2n+1 (1)k . Therefore, the Taylor series of sin x is n=0 (1)n (2n+1)! . To show that this series converges to the function sin x we have to show that f (n+1) (tx ) n+1 lim x = 0. n (n + 1)! Note that f (2k) (x) = (1)k sin x and f (2k+1) (x) = (1)k cos x. Hence, f (n+1) (tx ) 1. Thus, we have 0 f (n+1) (tx ) n+1 xn+1 x . (n + 1)! (n + 1)!
xn+1 (n+1)!

(1)

Now if we show that limn the squeezing theorem that

= 0, then we can conclude by = 0.

xn n=0 n!

(n+1) (t limn f (n+1)!x ) xn+1

To this eect we apply the ratio test to the series see that limn
n

. We

n! x (n+1)! xn

n+1

= limn

x n+1

= 0 for all x. Thus the

x series n=0 n! converges. As the series converges, we must have xn xn+1 limn n! = limn (n+1)! = 0. Now using this result in (1) we (n+1) (t conclude that limn f (n+1)!x ) xn+1 = 0 by the squeezing theorem. x2n+1 Thus, the series n=0 (1)n (2n+1)! converges to the function sin x for

all x.

6. Extra credit problem :

1 We know that the innite sum n=1 n3 converges, but its sum is still unknown. A freshman student at the University of Maryland wants to approximate the sum using a calculator, such that the error between her

calculation and the actual sum is less than some > 0. Find the number of terms she must include in the addition to guarantee that this will happen? (Note that this number N depends on i.e. the answer is a function of ). 15 points
1 1 Solution: We want EN = n=1 n3 n=1 n3 . but we know from the 1 b 1 1 integral test that the EN N x3 dx = limb N x3 dx = 2N 2 . Hence, the error is guaranteed to be less than if we the number of terms to be included in the sum N is an integer such that N 1 . 2 N