Chapter 5: Fundamental of Multimedia

5.1 Definition of Multimedia 5.2 Multimedia Elements

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5.1 DEFINITION OF MULTIMEDIA

LEARNING OUTCOME:
At the end of this topic, students should be able to: 1. Define Multimedia

What is MULTIMEDIA ??
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5.1 DEFINITION OF MULTIMEDIA

Multi
Multimedia

Media

Multi Many or various Media Any hardware or software used for communicating.

5.1 DEFINITION OF MULTIMEDIA

Multimedia is the use of several media such as text, audio, graphics, animation, video to convey information. [Wikipedia]

Multimedia is any combination of text, graphics, sound, animation and video delivered to you by computer or other electronic or digitally manipulated means. [Tay Vaughns (2001)]

Multimedia refers to a computer based interactive communication process that incorporates text, graphics, audio, video, and animation. [Shumans (1998)]5

Multimedia In Various Fields

1) Residential services Video-On-Demand Video phone, A/V conferencing Home shopping 2) Business services E-business 3) Education Digital libraries Distance learning
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Multimedia In Various Fields....cont

4) Science and technology Virtual environment Scientific visualization, prototyping 5) Information Kiosk Automated Teller Machine 6) Entertainment Games Interactive TV Post production of movie and music 7) Medicine Telemedicine

5.2 MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS

LEARNING OUTCOME:
At the end of this topic, students should be able to: 5.2 Describe the element of multimedia

Five (5) MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS

1) Text

2) Graphic

3) Animation

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Five (5) MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS .... cont

4) Audio 5) Video
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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS

Keyword: T.A.G.A.V

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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 1) Text

Text? combination of alphabets, numbers and symbol basic element of multimedia involves the use of text types, sizes, colors and background color. Hardware use? keyboard, light pen, virtual keyboard, etc Hypertext? In a multimedia application, a media that can be linked through the use of text are called as HYPERTEXT
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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 1) Text

Background and foreground color (BG Light colored, FG Dark) Size Style Leading

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USES

MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 1) Text

words, sentences, and paragraph that used to communicate thoughts, ideas, and facts.

used to provides a lot of information

the safest way to convey messages as it can avoid misunderstanding

How text is use in multimedia products? - Page titles - Delivering information - Labels for pictures - Instruction for operating the application

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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 1) Text

General guidelines: . Be concise text fills < screen. . Be consistent - Similar headings typeface, size, style. - Use same font for similar sections. . Use appropriate font, styles and size
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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 1) Text

Standard Text File Format
Text Files
*.doc / *.docx *.odt *.txt *.rtf

Full Name
Microsoft Word Document Open Document Text ASCII Rich Text Format

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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 2) Graphic

Graphics pictures, clip art, photographs, and line art to present information more attractively and effectively used in multimedia applications as: - background and texture - Main focus - Logos, images, paintings, figures and photographs object.
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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 2) Graphic

Hardware use?

digital camera, scanner

Types ???
Two (2) types of graphic
1) Bitmap graphic (or raster-based) 2) Vector graphic

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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 2) Graphic

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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 2) Graphic

i. Bitmap graphic.

A bitmap image is a computer file used to store a picture. It consists of tiny blocks called pixels in a grid.

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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 2) Graphic

i. Bitmap graphic.... cont

real images that can be captured from devices such as cameras or scanners. easily convert to another file format.

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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 2) Graphic

ii. Vector graphic

Vector graphics is the creation of digital images through a sequence of commands or mathematical statements that place lines and shapes in a given two-dimensional (2-D) or three-dimensional space (3-D)

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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 2) Graphic

ii. Vector graphic.... cont
Common vector formats include: AI (Adobe Illustrator), CDR (CorelDRAW), CMX (Corel Exchange), CGM (Computer Graphics Metafile), DXF AutoCAD (Drwing Interchange Format/ Drawing Exchange Format), WMF (Windows Metafile) a small file size. the ability to scale the image to any size without loss of quality

no background shapes easily edited

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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 2) Graphic

Standard Graphic File Format
Graphic Files
*.jpg *.png *.bmp *.tiff

Full Name
Joint Photographic Experts Group Portable Network Graphics Bitmap Tagged Image File Format

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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 3) Video

. Digital media that shows the arrangement or
sequence of static pictures that give an illusion as though we are looking at moving pictures. (Agnew and Kellerman - 1997)

Advantage :
capable of bringing elements that resemble actual situations attract the users attention and emotions.

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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 3) Video

Digital Video? Advantages video clips can be edited easily the digital video files can be stored like any other files in the computer and the quality of the video can still be maintained the video files can be transferred within a computer network it allows non-linear editing in any part of the video Disadvantages these digital video files are large in size transferring these files can take a long time especially when using the Internet.
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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 3) Video

Sources of video: i. recorded ii. captured from CD, DVD, BD iii. downloaded from Internet

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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 3) Video

Standard Video File Format
Video Files
*.avi *.mov *.mpeg *.wmv

Full Name
Audio Video Interleave Quick Time Motion Picture Experts Group Windows Media Video

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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 4) Audio

. any sound in digital form such as voice, music, narration and others that may be heard. . the most effective ways of attracting the attention of users. . provides listening pleasure of music, special effects, or the ambience of a mood-setting background.
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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 4) Audio

Audio / Sound.... cont

Two (2) basic types: a) analog audio b) digital audio.

Hardware used to enter audio is a microphone.

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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 4) Audio

Analog Audio? the original sound signal. we can record analog audio file. special audio editors like Audacity can be use to convert analog audio files into digital audio files Digital Audio? the digital sampling of the actual sound. used in multimedia

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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 4) Audio

Standard Audio File Format
Audio Files
*.wav *.midi *.aif / *.aiff *.au *.wma

Full Name
Waveform Musical Instrument Digital Interface Audio Interchange File Format Audio Windows Media Audio
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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 5) Animation

Animation? . A series of graphical images displayed one after another to simulate movement. . Use to make a presentation livelier and to present complex concept more briefly and easily.

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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 5) Animation

Animation?.... cont

is a process of making a static image look like it is moving. in multimedia, digital animation is used. Two (2) types of digital animation : a) 2D (2 Dimension) animations b) 3D (3 Dimension) animations

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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 5) Animation a) 2D (2 Dimension)

creating movements in basic objects these objects are put into various situations or positions and have movement on the screen.

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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 5) Animation 2D (2 Dimension) Step i

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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 5) Animation 2D (2 Dimension)....cont Step ii

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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 5) Animation 2D (2 Dimension)....cont Step iii

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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 5) Animation b) 3D (3 Dimension)

creating movements to 3D digital objects from 2D graphic movements like hopping and flying are some samples of animations.

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MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS 5) Animation Standard Animation File Format

Animation Files
*.swf *.gif

Full Name
Flash and Shockwave Graphic Interchange Format

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SUMMARY
Multimedia is any combination of text, graphics, sound, animation and video delivered to you by computer or other electronic or digitally manipulated means.
[Tay Vaughns (2001)]

T A

- Text - Audio - Graphic - Animation - Video

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5 lements

G A V