4

4.0

:
TEMPUS JPHES 158781
Occupational safety and health degree curricula and lifelong learning

.
.
.
his project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This
publication reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held
responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

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1


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FIRE PROTECTION AND THREATS TO PEOPLE

AIMS AND OUTCOMES
The aim of the lecture is to introduce the basic threats to people's lives in case of fire.
On the arth around 50,000 people annually die in the fires. Many of them did not have to
become victims of fire - when facing a mortal danger they chose the wrong step and thus sealed
their fate. The aim of the lecure is to draw the listeners' attention to the dangers and the ways
deathe occurs in fires. In addition, this lecture intends to educate readers and listeners in a
logical sequence of actions that do not guarantee survival without injury, but in most cases can
help save the lives of those endangered the fire.
Key words: pirotoxicollogy, lakrimation, laryngospasm, obscuration.

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50.000.000

CASS
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624-83-9
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7726-95-6
7446-09-05
7446-09-05
7446-09-05

CEE
612-042-00-2

615-001-00-7
603-034-00-X
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017-001-00-7
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608-003-00-4
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10

 158781, 2, 2010
(SO2), (SO3), (PO3),
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 158781, 2, 2010
2: [2]

vol [%]
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CO2
CO
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18
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17,5
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 158781, 2, 2010
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 158781, 2, 2010
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16

 158781, 2, 2010
Cleveland Clinic Diseaster, 50.000
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Birky- 1,

, . 2 Birky-
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Columbia County Jail Columbia 26.
1977 42 .

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USA 1977 - 1979. [8].
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6,2 8,5 %.
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1

M. M. Birky, F. B. Clarke, "Inhalation of toxic products from fires", Bull. NY, Acad. Med.
1981, vol. 57, p. 997-1013.
2
isto, str. 997-1013

17

 158781, 2, 2010
, ,
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6: USA
.
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1.
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
2.
3.

()
(*)

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1977
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[%]
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6.135
82,2
4.835
64,8
1.030
13,8
155
2,1
115
1,5
740
9,9
590
7,9
7.465
100

1978

[%]

1979

[%]

6.185
4.945
1.070
130
40
1255
690
8.130

5765
4.320
1.180
140
125
1.535
480
7.780

76,1
60,8
13,2
1,6
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8,5
100

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55,5
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100

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6: USA
.
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1977
1978

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[%]
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[%]

1979

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[%]

1.
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
2.
3.

22.600
17.465
4.175
575
385
3515
5.075
31.190

20.450
14.650
4.175
1225
400
5.175
5700
31.325

()

72,4
56,0
13,4
1,8
1,2
11,3
16,3
100

21.275
15.400
5.000
600
275
3700
4.825
29.800

71,4
51,7
16,8
2,0
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12,4
16,2
100

65,3
46,8
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 158781, 2, 2010
603 [2]. , 1845.
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 158781, 2, 2010
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25

 158781, 2, 2010

Viger R.: 30 conseils face au feu, 1977, Hatier, Paris, p. 57

.: , 1994,
, , . 108
R. H. Dreisbach, Handbook of Poisoning: Diagnosis & Treatment, Lange Medical
Publications, Drawer L, Los Atos, 1977, p. 229.
B. Kulenovi, "Poar i fenomenologija masovnog reagovanja", u: Poar - Eksplozija - Pr
eventiva, ( Sarajevo), I-II, januar-april 1990, str. 192.

D. Boljkovac, i dr, "Postkambustijska endotoksemija kao uzrok respiratornog

distresa", u: Poar - Eksplozija - Preventiva, (Sarajevo), 1990, vol. 1-2, str. 89-92
. ," ", : -
- , (), I - II, - 1990, . 93-95.
K. L. Gregory, V. F. Malinoski, C. R. Sharp, "Cleveland Clinic Fire Survivorship
Study 1929-1965.", Arch. Environ. Hith., 1969, vol. 18, p.508-515.
G. P. McKinnon, (Ed) et al, Fire Protection Handbook, National Fire Protection
Association, Fi- fteenth Edition, Quincy, 1980, Massachusetts, p.2-19.
J. C. Noris, S. J. Moore, A. S. Hume, "Synergistic Lethality Inducedby the
Combination of Carbon Monoxide and Cyanide", Toxicology, 1986, vol. 40, p. 121129.
T. Beriti, I. Zrili, "Dim i nemo (inkapacitacija)", u: Poar - Eksplozija Preventiva, (Sarajevo), april 1990, I-II, str. 103-105
B. Tachikawa (Ed): Toxic and Hazardous Industrijal Chemicals Safety Manual , Tokyo, The
International Technical Information Institute, 1981, p. 63

Lovati Al., Lovati An.: Lanalisi del rischio, 1984, EPC, Roma, p. 294

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 158781, 2, 2010

1 , 2



( .106/09), , ,
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SAFETY AND HEALTH AT WORK WHEN USING WORK

EQUIPMENT WITH SCREENS
AIMS AND OUTCOMES
The lecture deals with some principles in the application of the Regulation on the
preventive measures for safe and healthy work when using the work equipment with the screens
(Official Gazette of RS No.106/09), in order to, as much as possible, help employers who use
equipment with screens in the application of those principles. The Regulation is based on EU
guidelines that indicate how Member States how to regulate the issues associated with the use
of equipment with a screen. Considering the very rapid development of volume and diversity of
usage of equipment with screens, and the even greater tendency of development, it is reasonable
to expect that the problem of organising workplaces where screens are used should be given
special attention.
Key words: equipment with a screen.; EU guidelines; usage.

1.

2009
[1].
[2]. ,


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1
2

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, . 27, 11000 .

36

 158781, 2, 2010
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a U 89/391 EEC ,
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41

158781, 2, 2010

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158781, 2, 2010

43

158781, 2, 2010

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158781, 2, 2010

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 158781, 2, 2010

1


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EN ISO 2.0 3.0.

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STRATEGY OF CHOOSING SAFETY MEASURES ON MACHINES

AIM AND OUTCOMES
Strategy of choice of safety measures is a systematic way to identifying and analyzing
potential sources of hazard on the machine in order to reduce or eliminate the risk of injury
and / or health hazards. The aim of this paper is the continuation of the education of designers,
manufacturers and users of machinery in the stage of higher education, in relation to the
Regulation on Safety machine presented in Module 2.0 and 3.0.
This paper contains the general principles underlying the choice of preventive safety
measures on the machines.
Key words: safety measures, the purpose of machines, the operating instructions.

1.


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EN ISO 14121-1 EN ISO 14121-2,
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 158781, 2, 2010

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18001:2007.

5.
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***:
101/05.
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***: EN ISO 12100-1:2003
***: EN ISO 12100-2:2003

60

158781, 2, 2010

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158781, 2, 2010

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 158781, 2, 2010

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WORK MEDICINE AND DOCUMENTATION ON WORK INJURIES

AND PROFESSIONAL DISEASES
AIMS AND OUTCOMES
Work medicine service is an active participant in realisation of occupational health and
safety (OHS), either on its own or in collaboration with the OSH manager.
High-quality documentation of this service, the registers of injuries at work,
professional diseases and work-related diseases, good communication and coordination of all
stakeholders form the basis for an efficient and effective prevention. This leads to provision of
safe and healthy work places and thus to safe and healthy working-age population. This comlex
process must be based on facts and proofs, analyses and predictions, systematic approach and
proactive actions, as well as documenting all of this.
Key words: Work medicine, documentation, injuries at work, professional diseases,
prevention.

1.


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68

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 158781, 2, 2010
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 158781, 2, 2010

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(1.004 ):
46%
20%
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5 %
4.7%
3.5%
2 %
2000. 2009. 100.000 2,67 2000. 1,85
2009. . 2001. : 3,21, 2007. :1,12.

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61.
2. Laesio traumatica nervi tibialis regionis cruruis lat sin. S 84.0
3. Fracturae costarum multiplices S 22.4.
4. Vulnus apertum regionum extremitatis superioris multiplices T01.2
62. V 73.0.
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 158781, 2, 2010

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158781, 2, 2010




,

Pneumoconiosis silicotica J 62.8

-

1 -

2 -

3 -

4 -

5 -

5.
, (Work-related dieseases)
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160
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800.000 .
45 .
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 158781, 2, 2010

9.
[1]

.: "
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), , 2010:517;
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:148;;
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2009:207;
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2009. ;
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, , 1997. :1282.

81

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93

 158781, 2, 2010

1


.
,
.

.

.
: , , ,

WORKING ENVIRONMENT AND NOISE IN PRINTING

AIMS AND OUTCOMES
Noise as a physical agent can have serious consequences on the health of people whose
work is related to a space in which working machines produce a lot of noise. These are mainly
machines that produce shocks, the machine - drums to trim the edges and devices that use
compressed air. In these work areas, it is very probable that the level of noise exceeds the
allowed values and that the safety measures are necessary.
Assessment of the noise level as a physical agent is performed on the basis of
measurements results of noise in working premises of a printing unit.
Key words: sound intensity, sound level, equivalent level, octave analysis

1.

(. 101/05) ,
.

.
,
[1,2].
,
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2.
2.1.


:

I=

( p ) 2
2 c

(1)

( p ) - , -
c - .
W/m2.
, 12
2
1000 Hz, I 0 = 10 W / m .

10 W / m 2 .
95

 158781, 2, 2010
, 13
[3,4].

.
10 n - n - .

,

. .
2.2.
1000 Hz,
I 0 :

L = log I log I 0 = log

I
.
I0

(2)

(2) .
,
(dB), :

L = 10 log

I
.
I0

(3)

(3) .
0 dB , 130 dB .

1.
1:

L (dB)
10
40
60
90
120

ZVUNI IZVOR

2.3.
, ()
:

1
Leq = 10 log
N

N 10
i =1

0,1L Ai

Leq - dB(A), L Ai - dB(A)

2, 3, 4
96

 158781, 2, 2010
5 dB(A), N i - , N n -
[3,4,5].

3.
JUS N. R6. 032- .
(BRUEL & KJAER 2250)
[4,6].
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1 ,
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1
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 158781, 2, 2010
2

1
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L (dB)
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85

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3
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88 dB,
[5] .
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115
110
105

100

N- kriva

95
90
85
80
75
100

1000

f (Hz)

Lq
= 88 dB

3:
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3
98

 158781, 2, 2010
3 2
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.
85.1 dB,
[5] .
4.

L (dB)

115
110
105
100

N - k riv a

95
90

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85
80
75
100

Lq =

1000

f (H z)

85.1 dB

4:
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1
2
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 158781, 2, 2010
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871, 1, , 2010.
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2008, , 2008.

100

158781, 2, 2010

101

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102

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103

158781, 2, 2010

104

158781, 2, 2010

105

158781, 2, 2010

106

158781, 2, 2010

107

 158781, 2, 2010

1, 2


, ,
.
,
,
,
(1)
(2).
,
,
.


.

.
: , , .

WORKING ENVIRONMENT AND WORK IN THE OPEN

AIMS AND OUTCOMES
When there is an interruption of power supply, there is a need for emergency
interventions in order to eliminate defects as quickly as possible, and consumers remained the
shortest possible time without supply. This kind of intervention is sometimes carried out in the
open when the outdoor temperatures are increased or decreased in relation to the optimum, as
well as at stronger wind speeds than allowed, as regulated by the Regulations on general
measures of health and safety of the hazardous effects of electric current in work facilities, work
areas and job sites (1) and the Law on Safety in Health at Work (2)
The paper presents the working conditions outdoors encountered by the electrical
technicians, with special emphasis on working outdoors at very high or very low temperatures,
as well as the consequences when performing such work.
The aim of the lecture is to introduce course participants and future instructors with the
ways of working in the open during high and low temperatures and the impact on safety and
health at work. Special attention was paid to the consequences that can occur when performing
work under such conditions and to the measures to be applied when performing such works.
Key words: electric power, temperature, safety and health at work.
1

, 1,
2 , , 100/5,
2

108

 158781, 2, 2010

1.

.
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.

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.
35C
18C, 17 m/s
60 km/h. ,
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.

2.

2.1.

,
(1)
350C,

.


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-
C. ..
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. (W/m2).
(UV) , ()
(IC) .
-
.
(m/s), .
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 158781, 2, 2010
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37 C.
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( 11 15 )


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111

 158781, 2, 2010

2.2.

,
(1)
-18C,

.
,
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: , .
2.2.1.
.
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,
.
2.2.2. Wind chill indeks () wcti

. Wind chill . Wind chill
,
10 C 4,2 km/h.
Wind chill
.
(C), Wind chill
.
.
Wind chill -
.
, .
112

 158781, 2, 2010
Wind chill :

W = 13,12 + 0,6215 Tair 11,37 V100,m16 + 0,3965 Tair V100,m16

:
W= wind chill
Tair' = 0C
V10m = 10 ( ),
(km/h)
Wind chill
. , wind chill
.
1.Wind chill +5C + 50C

113

 158781, 2, 2010


10-30
5-10
2-5
2
: Environment Canada Wind Chill Cart
(http:/www.ohcow.on.ca/clinics/windsor/docs/workplaceconcernsseminars/win
dchillchart.pdf)
2.2.3.

(,
) 36,5C 37,0C
(0,5 C) , ,
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32C,
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 158781, 2, 2010

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2.2.5.


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( , ..)
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3.
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4.
[1]

, ,
, , . 21, 1989.
, , . 101, 2005
, e "
", 2009.

116

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117

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118

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119

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120

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127