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An electronic device on which the output signal of another electronic device may be presented in a visual form, also called display device. Typically the display device it is the screen of a cathode-ray tube, as in a computer monitor, but other forms of visual display such as LED or liquid crystal devices are also used. The printed output from a computer or other device is not considered as a display. The output signal from a computer program, displayed on a display device. The displayed signal may consist of letters, numbers, or any graphical image.
Colour capability Sharpness and view ability The size of the screen The projection technology
Colour Capability:
Today, most desktop displays provide colour. Notebook and smaller computers sometimes have a less expensive monochrome display. Displays can usually operate in one of several display modes that determine how many bits are used to describe colour and how many colours can be displayed. A display that can operate in Super VGA mode can display up to 16,777,216 colours because it can process a 24-bit long description of a pixel . The number of bits used to describe a pixel is known as its bit-depth. The 24-bit bit-depth is also known as true colour. It allows eight bits for each of the three additive primary colours - red, green, and blue. Although human beings can't really distinguish that many colours, the 24-bit system is convenient for graphic designers since it allocates one byte for each colour. The Visual Graphics Array ( VGA ) mode is the lowest common denominator of display modes. Depending on the resolution setting, it can provide up to 256 colours.
plasma technologies and are currently the primary technology for notebook and other mobile computers. Displays generally handle data input as character maps or bitmap s. In charactermapping mode, a display has a reallocated amount of pixel space for each character. In bitmap mode, it receives an exact representation of the screen image that is to be projected in the form of a sequence of bits that describe the colour values for specific coordinates starting from a given location on the screen. Displays that handle bitmaps are also known as all-points addressable displays.
There we will discuss three major types of displays you should be knowledgeable of:
CRT Monitor:
Cathode ray tube (CRT) displays are now fading in popularity but are still in widespread use on older systems. CRTs use a picture tube that is similar to the picture tube in a tube-based TV set. The narrow end of the tube contains an electron gun that projects three electron beams (red, blue, green) toward the wide end, which is coated with phosphors that glow when they are hit by the electron beams. Just
before the phosphor coating, a metal plate called a shadow mask is used to divide the image created by the electron guns into red, green, and blue pixels or stripes that form the image. Shadow masks use one of three technologies:
A phosphor triad (a group of three phosphorsred, green, and blue). The distance between each triad is called the dot pitch. An aperture grill, which uses vertical red, green, and blue phosphor strips. The distance between each group is called the stripe pitch. A slotted mask, which uses small blocks of red, green, and blue phosphor strips. The distance between each horizontal group is also called stripe pitch.
If you look closely at a CRT display, you can see the individual triads or strips. However, from normal viewing distances, they blend into a clear picture. Generally, the smaller the dot or stripe pitch, the clearer and sharper the onscreen image will be. Typical standards for CRT monitors call for a dot pitch of .28 millimeters (mm) or smaller. Generally, low-cost monitors have poorer picture quality than higher-cost monitors of the same size because of wider dot pitch, low refresh rates at their highest resolutions, and poor focus at their highest resolutions. Typical CRT displays range in size from 15 inches (diagonal measure) to 19 inches, and feature support for a wide range of resolutions. CRTs are analog display devices that can display an unlimited range of colors, and use the 15-pin VGA connector.
ADVANTAGES : A CRT can easily increase the monitors brightness by reflecting the light. It produces more colours. The CRT monitors have lower price rate. The quality of the image is superior to others. The contrast features are highly excellent.
DISADVANTAGES : It have a big back and It take-up space on desk. Constant refreshing of CRT monitors can resulting headache. CRTs are operating at very high voltage. These are heavy to pick-up and carry around.
LCD Monitor:
Liquid crystal displays (LCD) use liquid crystal cells to polarize light passing through the display to create the image shown on the monitor. In color LCD displays, liquid crystal cells are grouped into three cells for each pixel: one each for red, green, and blue light. All LCD displays use active matrix technology, which uses a transistor to control each cell, as the basic technology. Variations in how quickly a display can refresh, how wide the viewing angle, and how bright the display help distinguish different brands and models from each other. An LCD monitor is a digital design, but many models, particularly low-end models and older designs, use the same VGA analog interface as CRTs. In such cases, the monitor must include an analog-digital converter to change the analog signal received by the VGA cable into a digital signal. High-end LCD displays and most recent midrange models also support digital signals and use DVI-D ports. Compared to CRT monitors, LCDs are much lighter, require much less power, emit less heat, and use much less desk space. An LCD display has only one native resolution; it must scale lower resolutions to fit the panel, or, depending upon the options configured in the video card driver, might use only a portion of the display when a lower resolution is selected. When a lower resolution is scaled, the display is less sharp than when the native resolution is used. LCD displays are found in both standard (4:3 or 1.33:1) and widescreen (16:9 or 16:10) aspect ratios, and range in size from 14 inches (diagonal measure) to 24 inches or larger.
ADVANTAGES : The sharpness of a LCD display is at maximum weakness. High peak intensity produces very bright images. Screens are perfectly flat. Thin, with a small footprint. Consume little electricity and produce little heat. The LCD display unit is very light and can be put anywhere or moved anywhere in the house.
DISADVANTAGES : After a while the LCD display the some of the pixels will die you will see a discoloured spot on a black spot on the display. The cost of a LCD is considerably at a high price. The LCD display will have slow response times. The LCD display has a fixed resolution display and cannot be changed.
Data Projector:
Data projectors can be used in place of a primary display or can be used as a clone of the primary display to permit computer information and graphics to be displayed on a projection screen or a wall. Data projectors use one of the following technologies:
LCD projectors use separate LCD panels for red, green, and blue light, and combine the separate images into a single RGB image for projection, using dichroic mirrors. A dichroic mirror reflects light in some wavelengths, while permitting light in other wavelengths to pass through. Red and blue dichroic mirrors are used to split the image into red, blue, and green wavelengths. After passing through the appropriate LCD, a dichroic combiner cube recombines the separate red, green, and blue images into a single RGB image for projection. LCD projectors use a relatively hot projection lamp, so LCD projectors include cooling fans that run both during projector operation and after the projector is turned off to cool down the lamp.
DLP projectors use a spinning wheel with red, green, and blue sections to add color data to light being reflected from an array of tiny mirrors known as a digital micro mirror device (DMD). Each mirror corresponds to a pixel, and the mirrors reflect light toward or away from the projector optics. The spinning wheel might use only three segments (RGB), four segments (RGB+clear), or six segments (RGB+RGB). More segments help improve picture quality. Advantages: Largest possible picture. Smaller images a great option also. Low cost. Space saving. Easy to install.
Disadvantages: Dark room often required. Maintenance required. Separate audio system required.
Touch Screens:
Touch screen (or touch screen) monitors enable the user to transfer data into the computer by pressing onscreen icons. Touch screen monitors are popular in publicaccess and point-of-sale installations. Touch screen monitors use liquid crystal display (LCD) or cathode ray tube (CRT) technology and also incorporate one of the following surface treatments to make the monitor touch sensitive:
Touch screens are available in freestanding versions similar to normal desktop CRT and LCD displays as well as in kiosk and built-in designs. Touch screens, like ordinary LCD and CRT monitors, use standard VGA analog or DVI digital interfaces to the video card. However, the touch signals are transmitted to the computer through a separate interface known as the touch screen controller. Touch screen controllers can use either of the following interfaces:
USB A touch screen monitor with an internal USB interface uses a standard
USB cable to connect to a USB port on the computer.
DISADVANTAGES:
Screen has to be really big not to miss things when pressing them with your finger: I only like HTC Touch HD, screen size wise, and big screen means increased size of the device. Big screen leads to low battery life. Touch screen means screen cant be read too well in direct sunlight as it applies an additional not 100% transparent.
Touch screen devices usually has no additional keys and this means when an app crashes, without crashing the OS, you cant get to the main menu as the whole screen becomes unresponsive. Touch screens usually have low precision, virtual QWERTY keyboards being one of the most annoying things. Most user interfaces are not optimized for thumb operation, so a stylus in necessary, and this means using two hands. Screens get very dirty. These devices require massive computing power which leads to slow devices and low battery life.
ADVANTAGES:
Big screen is ideal for web browsing, picture and movies. Touch screen gadgets usually have simple user interfaces, which are more intuitive. Touch screen devices have fewer buttons that might break after a few months/years of operation.