Objective 7. L.

1: Understand the processes, structures and functions of living organisms that enable them to survive, reproduce and carry out the basic functions of life.

Clarifying Objective:
7.L.1.1 Compare the structures and life functions of single-celled organisms that carry out all of the basic functions of life including: Euglena; Amoeba; Paramecium; Volvox.

Language Objective: 7.L.1.1 (You) Students Will Be Able To:

Define and explain the following terms:

-Euglena -Amoeba -Paramecium -Volvox -Protists -Flagellum -Cytoplasmic streaming -Cilia -Chlorophyll

Language Function
7.L.1.1 SWBAT DESCRIBE AND COMPARE the structures and functions of single celled organisms. (Euglena, Amoeba, Paramecium, and Volvox)

Language Skills
7.L.1.1 SWBAT DISCUSS how single celled organisms are similar and how they vary, based on their structures and functions.

Language Structures
7.L.1.1 SWBAT USE CORRECT SENTENCE FORMATION to describe the similarities and differences between single celled organisms. (Euglena, Amoeba, Paramecium, and Volvox)

Lesson Tasks
7.L.1.1 SWBAT DRAW PICTURES of single celled organisms and DRAFT SENTENCES about their life functions. (Foldables)

Essential Question: What are the characteristics of the following single-celled organisms?

Euglena Amoeba Paramecium Volvox

Comparisons of Single-celled Organisms

Euglena

Found in calm fresh and salt water Used as a model organism in the lab Contain chloroplasts (Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells and
other eukaryotic organisms that conduct photosynthesis.)

Autotrophs get energy via photosynthesis Can also get nourishment heterotrophically like animals (heterotrophically is an organism that cannot synthesize its own food and
is dependent on complex organic substances for nutrition.)

Euglena

Have features of both plants and animals > Kingdom Protista Heterotrophic feeding surrounds particle of food Autotrophic feeding produces sugars via photosynthesis where sufficient sunlight is present Possess a red eyespot which filters sunlight and allows the Euglena to find and move towards light

Euglena

Does not contain a cell wall May form a protective barrier and become dormant until environmental conditions are more favorable Moves by use of a flagella
http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLMWvLl-qJ8mb1maLoPUtppQJkUCFl9FA7

Amoeba

Can change its shape Live in fresh and salt water, in soil, and as parasites in moist body parts of animals Heterotroph One large pseudopod on back end, and several smaller ones branching to the sides

Amoeba
Eukaryotic contains one or more nuclei Dines on bacteria, algae, and other protozoa Food is enveloped, stored, and digested in vacuoles Reproduce asexually (mitosis and cytokinesis)
(Mitosis is the process by which a eukaryotic cell separates the chromosomes in its cell nucleus into two identical sets, in two separate nuclei.) {During Cytokinesis, the cytoplasm (the liquid center of the cell that holds the organelles into place.) splits into two equal halves, a cleavage point appears and the cell becomes two daughter cells.}

Can survive being forcibly divided the part with the nucleus survives, other part dies

Amoeba
May become dormant by forming into a ball and secreting a protective membrane to survive harsh environments Moves using pseudopod (false foot into which the body then flows) or by changing shape Feed on plankton and diatoms by engulfing them with a pseudopod
http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLMWvLl-qJ8mYt7rgFNpzZhXm8pim1zjxW

Paramecium

Moves via cilia and spirals through the water Can move about 12 body lengths per second Shape resembles a shoes sole Uses an oral groove to draw food inside Feed on bacteria and other small cells Heterotrophic Relatively large

Paramecium
Very common in scums and other calm freshwater environments Stiff elastic membrane gives it a definite shape Outer membrane is covered in cilia

Paramecium
Contain two nuclae (macro and micro) Feed on micro-organisms like bacteria, algae, and yeasts Uses cilia to sweep food into the cell mouth after falling into the oral groove to eventually be enveloped in a food vacolue (A
vacuole is a membrane-bound sac that plays roles in intracellular digestion and the release of cellular waste products.)

http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLMWvLl-qJ8mbRm9VWx_h5mgj8hFF5teCT

Volvox

Type of green algae Forms spherical colonies of up to 50,000 cells Live in lots of freshwater habitats ponds, ditches, puddles, lagoons Colonies have flagellate cells for swimming

Volvox
Cells have eyespots which enable the colony to swim towards light Make food via photosynthesis Heterotrophs Act like one multicellular organism Reproduce sexually or asexually

 Asexual colonies:

Volvox

Daughter colonies are held within the parent colony and have flagella directed inward Parent eventually disintegrates and the daughter colonies invert

Sexually reproducing colonies:

Two gametes are produced Male colonies release sperm Female colonies grow a single oogamete or egg
http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLMWvLl-qJ8mbaKi29FtoRsT0zKKJbGHeP

Quiz
Be sure you have these in your notes!!!

Which single-celled organisms moves by flagellum? A. Euglena B. Amoeba C. Paramecium D. Volvox

A. Euglena

Which single-celled organism moves by cilia or hairlike projections? A. Euglena B. Amoeba C. Paramecium D. Volvox
C. Paramecium

Which single-celled organism uses pseudopods to surround and engulf their food?
A. Euglena B. Amoeba C. Paramecium D. Volvox
B. Amoeba

Which single-celled organism is a colony of ciliates of which some contain chlorophyll?

A. Euglena B. Amoeba C. Paramecium D. Volvox
D. Volvox

Which single-celled organism has a unique feature of an eye spot?

A. Euglena B. Amoeba C. Paramecium D. Volvox

A. Euglena

Which single-celled organism moves by cytoplasmic streaming?

A. Euglena B. Amoeba C. Paramecium D. Volvox

B. Amoeba

Which types of single-celled organisms can have chlorophyll?

A. Euglena and Amoeba B. Amoeba and Paramecium C. Paramecium and Volvox D. Euglena and Volvox

D. Euglena and Volvox

Which organism appears in the photos?

paramecium

Look at the picture. Be able to answer the questions on the following slide!

What organelle engulfs food?

A. cytoplasm B. pseudopods C. vacuoles D. nucleus

What organelle digests the food?

A. cytoplasm B. pseudopods C. vacuoles D. nucleus

B. pseudopods

C. vacuoles

A.

B.

Name the organelles located at A. and B.

A. Is the nucleus

B. Is the cytoplasm