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NOTES ON INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRs

(discussed in months of june and July )

Asian Development Bank ????? - a regional bank to facilitatet the development of Asian Countries - established in 1966 - has its motto "Fighting poverty in Asia and the Pacific" - has 67 members (both in Asia-Pacific Region and Outside) - its functional model resembles World Bank - China and India holds the Second and Third largest proportion in shares HQ is at manila in Phillippines. ONGC ????? Oil and natural gas corporation produces around 77% of India's crude oil NDTV profit news channel says it is the only oil company in India which earns 100 crore every day.. BRICS : -As of 2012, the group's five members are Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa

-BRICS is the title of an association of leading emerging economies, arising out of the inclusion of South Africa into the BRIC group in 2010. Summits : 1st BRIC (2009) -Russia 2nd BRIC (2010) -Brazil 3rd BRICS (2011) -China 4th BRICS (2012) -India 5th BRICS (2013) -South Africa ** International Red Cross is a humanitarian service organsiation. It was established by Henry Dunant! **The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) is a private humanitarian institution founded in 1863 in Geneva, Switzerland, by Henry Dunant. ** Its 25-member committee has a unique authority under international humanitarian law to protect the life and dignity of the victims of international and internal armed conflicts. *** The ICRC was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize on three occasions (in 1917, 1944 and 1963) **Henry Dunant is also the 1st recipient of Noble Peace Prize in 1901 for establishing International Committee of the Red Cross. The main organ of UNO is the? There r 6 main organs 1.general assembly

2.security council 3.trusteeship council 4. International court of justice 5.secretariat 6. Economic and social council - General Assembly is the main delibrate organ of the United Nations Organisation - has 193 member states - the work for the UNO derives largely from the mandate of the General Assembly Trusteeship Council - suspended its operation on 1 November 1994 - it got suspended with the independance of Palau, the last nation of UN trust territory - the Trust Territories were mostly the territories taken from the defeated nations of World War II - the major objective was to promote self advancement of the people of Trust Territories. - also their development towards independance or selfgovernment - this council was administered by the 5 permanent members Which of the following years is/ was declared as "International Year of Forests" by the UNO? A) 2010 B) 2009 C) 2012 D) 2011 E) None of these

in 2011 International Year of Forests; and International Year of Chemistry; and International Year for People of African Descent in 2012 International Year of Cooperatives salient features of american prez election...hw it is different from india's prez election? Is usa president directly elected by people? Can it be called a direct election? People choose persons who can elect the president. Every state has fixed number of electors and washing ton d.c is given the electors tht r equal to the least state electors process. These electors in turn choose vice president and president. Senate has the final authority in fixing the number. It calls for nomination process. Usa president directly responsible to people.

In our system president is elected through electoral college consists of 1. Elected members of both the houses 2. The elected members of legislative assemblies 3. The elected members of union territories of pondicherry and national capital territory delhi. It is held with the system of proportional representation of single transferable vote and the voting is secret ballot. All the disputes are adjudocated by supreme court

Proportional Representation of "Single Transferable Vote" - in this system each elector has only one vote, irrespective of the number of seats that needs to be filled - for instance, if 10 seats needs to be filled, elector gives 10 preferences instead of casting 10 individual votes - in ordinary system, if the candidate obtains majority he is elected - in this system, the candidate needs to obtain a quota of votes that is declared, inorder to get elected - for an example if there are 200 valid votes and 3 seats needs to be filled, - Quota = (number of vaild votes by number of seats + 1) + 1 - Quota would be (200/(3+1))+1 i.e., Quota = 51 - there may be many rounds of calculation based on the number of preferences

G-20 countries ??????? the finance minister of the group of (G-7) countries in September 1999 established the G 20 as an international forum to promote informal dialogue and coorperation among systematically important countries within the framework of Bretton woods institutional system with a view to preserving international financial stability . G-20 is the Group of 20 financially strong members, which is consisted of 19 Countries and European Union. The head of these nations along with their Finance Ministers and the Governor of their Central Banks started to meet from 2008. Till 2010, it was a biannual summit, which became an annual summit from 2011. 1st G-20 Summit held at Washington in 2008 whereas, the 2012 summit took place at Los Cabos of

Mexico. The group mainly discusses International Finance related issues, which calls for global co-operation and a consorted policy formation. This organization also seeks to address the concerns of the rising economic giants who are not the members of any elite international groups. There are 3 members from N.America(Canada, Mexico,U.S.A), 1 each from Africa(S.Africa) and Oceania(Australia), 2 from South America(Argentina, Brazil), 7 from Asia(China,Japan, India,Turkey,S.Korea,Indonesia, Saudi Arabia), 5 from Europe(Russia, France, Germany, Italy, U.K.) and European Union sir creek border ? strip of disputed water between India and Pakistan - located in Rann of Kutch marshland, about 96 KM in length - flows into Arabian Sea - India argue that the boundary should be in the middle - whereas Pakistan argues, that the boundary should be lie on the South East bank contribution of Franklin D. Roosevelt with the respect to UNO ? he suggested the name UNO south-south co-operation? South-South Cooperation is a broad framework for collaboration among countries of the South in the political, eocnomic, social, cultural, environmental and technical domains. Involving two or more developing countries, it can take place on a bilateral, regional, subregional or interregional basis. Developing countries share knowledge, skills, expertise and resources to meet their development goals through

concerted efforts. NATO was established in 1949 mainly due to the fear of USSR n communist policy...after the disintegration of USSR in 1991 crticaly examine the role of NATO...? NATO IS TODAY WHAT WE MEANT BY ACTIVE MEBERS OD USA AND UK AND OTHER MEMBERS ARE JUST THERE FOR SECURITY . IN TODAYS CONTYEXT NATO HAS TURNED ITS ENEMITY FROM COMMUNIST TO MILITANTS AFTER 9/11 MAINLY . NATO POER BLOC IS TRYING TO RULE THE EARTHS ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL ENVIORMENT DUE TO ITS STRONG PRESENCE !! Two plus Two" security talk ?/ ? two plus two security talk was in news when japan n india started the discussion on various issues at foreingn ministry level. Vlhadimir Putin become Chairman of Rassia. He has 3rd time chairman of RASSIA. He had been president since from 2000-2008 of RASSIA. RBI steps to shore up rupee fail ?? explain 4 steps ? RBI increased in the limit on foreign investment in government securities (G-Sec) by $5 billion to $20 billion while widening the investor base. It also hiked the limit of External Commercial Borrowing (ECB) allowed for Indian companies to $10 billion.

In an effort to widen the non-resident investor base for G-Secs, Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs), multilateral agencies, endowment funds, insurance funds, pension funds and foreign central banks to be registered with SEBI have also been allowed to invest in G-Secs. TAPI pipeline gas sale agreement signed. 1680 km pipeline to become operational by 2018. Aim-of boost peace and give new shape to reginal energy cooperation. INDIA PAK AFGAN TURkistan. Historic gas sale purchase agreement (GSPA) FOR d -$7.6 BILLION. TAPI-TURK,AFGAN,PAK,INDIA. India is set to become eighth largest shareholder in IMF: * India is ready to become the 8th largest shareholder in the IMF after quota reforms which are expected to be finalized at the agency's annual meeting at Tokyo in October 2012. *Once the quota reforms are put through, India's share at IMF will elevate to 2.75% from 2.44%. * Presently India is at 11th position India had committed to contribute10 billion dollars to the IMF's 430 billion dollars bailout fund for the Eurozone. * Some nations such as US have not yet ratified the proposal which is essential for its complete implementation. *The matter of quota reforms was discussed at the G20

summit at Los Cabos and the world leaders had highlighted the need for prompt completion of the quota reforms to provide more power to emerging economies. World Food Prize ? In 2012 DHANIEL HILLEL,(washington) NMIZs. ?????? National Manufacturing Investment Zone.... difference between World bank and WTO ?? World Bank is also known as International Bank for Reconstruction and Development established in 1945 with an objective to help the countries which are affected by the war. ** The name restructure and Development itself indicates. Now it provides loans for Infrastructure development, i.e long term loans. IDA, IFC, MIGA,ICSID through its agencies. WTO is previously known as GATT, a multilateral trading and also acts as trade dispute resoluting agency. Promotes trade Fernando Lugo. ????? Fernando Lugo :President of Paraguay was impeached by the Senate on multiple charges involvement in a confrontation with police and farmer,improperly signing and international protocol without consulting the Congress,allowed the leftist party to conduct a meeting in army base etc..

the theme of 4th BRICS Summit was..

a) partnership for global stabilty, security and prosperity b) partnership for global sustainable development, and strengthening BRICS for global leadership c) partnership for clean and green earth d) partnership for regional cooperation, sustainable devlopment and economic security. a) partnership for global stabilty, security and prosperity Kyoto Prize ? The Kyoto Prize is awarded each year by the Inamori Foundation, a charitable body established by the founder of Japanese electronic component maker Kyocera Corp. **It is Japans highest private award for global achievement. >> Indias Gayatri Spivak, a literary critic and professor at Columbia University, won the prize for arts and philosophy. >>Americas Ivan Sutherland has won Japans annual Kyoto Prize for his contributions to computer graphics technology and interactive interfaces >> Japans Yoshinori Ohsumi, a molecular, biologist at the Tokyo Institute of Technology, was awarded for his work in the basic sciences IUCN LIST ? UCN Red List has 132 species of plants and animals from India The Red list of threatened species, prepared by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), has listed 132 species of plants and animals as Critically

Endangered, the most threatened category, from India. Plants seemed to be the most threatened life form, with 60 species being listed as Critically Endangered, and 141 as Endangered;

SAARC countries ..???????? need of the same ? Sri Lanka, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. Afghanistan joined the organization in 2007. in 2010 upsc mains exam there was a ques...''israel is the natural ally of india'' comment on dis... This statement is given by SM Krishna on his visit to Israel He referred that terrorism is the mutual problem that existed in the two countries, so both shall work together on the menace of terrorism As Israel is often hit by the Hamas and our India is hit by the various Islamic organizations like LeT, Jaish etc., so both can work on the same issue. Mainly his intention stood for combatting terrorism on the mutual basis. Israel is good in defence equipment, by having good relations both can progress together. INS Sindhurakshak INS Sindhurakshak - Diesel Class submarine - built in 1997 - it is last submarine bought from Russia. It is of 10 Kilo Class submarine

- Currenty under modernisation process at Russia - it is under repair process due to battery accident happened in 2010 which resulted in death of a sailor and injuring others. - will be handed over to our navy later this year Amur-1650 Amur Class Submarine - Latest version of Russian Submarines. Improved version of Kilo Class submarines that we have in our naval band. - these are Non-Nuclear submarines - these are much quieter, have new combat systems and have Air-Independant Powerplant - there are two variants Amur 1650 and Amur 950 - Air Independant Powerplant was the main crieteria of our navy - it will be compatible for our BrahMos missile systems WHAT IS AIR INDEPENDENT POWERPLANT MEANS? - normally the submaries need to surface out of water to get contact with atmospheric oxygen. - this helps the battries to recharge, so that they can stay underwater for a considerable time - this is the reason why we move for Nuclear submarines. Because they allow the submarines to stay in water for longer time - similary AIP systems allows the submarines to recharge the batteries without the contact with atmospheric air. Eurozone crisis ???? explain few points ??? The European debt crisis is the shorthand term for Europes struggle to pay the debts it has built up in recent decades. Five

of the regions countries Greece, Portugal, Ireland, Italy, and Spain have, to varying degrees, failed to generate enough economic growth to make their ability to pay back bondholders the guarantee it was intended to be. Although these five were seen as being the countries in immediate danger of a possible default, the crisis has far-reaching consequences that extend beyond their borders to the world as a whole. In fact, the head of the Bank of England referred to it as the most serious financial crisis at least since the 1930s, if not ever, in October 2011. in GERMANY there is chancellor rules the country ......which type of democracy in germany? Germany is a democracy and a federal republic with sixteen states. What role you see for India economic transformation of Africa?? Mineral rich Africa offers great opportunity for resource hungry India. Indian govt should work with African counterparts on strengthening of democratic values & institutions by helping them financially, morally & politically, setting up new educational & healthcare facilities, Infrastructure & network development, software industry development & Cheap Medicines. Indian companies should play an active role in development of Industries in African continent as it offers cheapest raw material, labor, growing market & huge untapped natural resources; Lately India has started aid pr ograms & funding of infrastructural & other projects in Africa, which will give new direction to African progress.

UN Security Council ? Its primary responsibility is to look after peace and security. A representative of each of its members must be present at all times at United Nations Headquarters The General Assembly elected Azerbaijan, Guatemala, Morocco, Pakistan and Togo to serve as non-permanent members of the Security Council for two-year terms starting on 1 January 2012. The newly elected countries will replace Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Gabon, Lebanon and Nigeria. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) ? a) FAO recognized the tribals for Conserving Biodiversity ad Climate resilient farming systems. b) Kharia, Santhals, Gonds & Kohls are the tribes in this region. c) Long back Kahingo Prize set up by FAO. External Affairs Minister to visit Tajikistan July 02, 2012 The External Affairs Minister is visiting Dushanbe the Capital of Tajikistan on a bilateral visit on 2nd and 3rd of July. During the visit the External Affairs Minister is expected to hold comprehensive discussions with his Tajik counterpart and the Tajikistan leadership on India-Tajik bilateral relations and on the situation in the region. The External Affairs Minister will also address a Regional Conference of Indian Ambassadors in the Eurasian Region. This is the Sixth Regional Meeting of Heads of Mission that the External Affairs Minister is addressing. Given the growing strategic importance of the Eurasia Region including Central

Asia in our foreign policy, the External Affairs Minister is expected to outline Indias policy priorities in this region. This policy aims at greater political, economic and people-to-people engagement with the countries of the region both bilaterally and collectively. New Delhi June 02, 2012 can india do something about zangmu dam controversy? put suggestions plz.. firstly china has assured india that it will be run of mill type secondly india doesnt have any agreement on sharing of rivers with china. so incase china doesnt maintain its promise, india can do little through legal route. We can sove either through dialogue or apply pressure through stalling trade etc thirdly, china has refused to sign any of international conventions on water sharing, so india cant take help of international organisations in this regard however there are signs of china willing to share hydrological data with india. If that happens, it will help build trust between the two nations atleast on issues regarding water. Explain the 'Grandfathering' pact signed between India and Russia. India and Russia have had a long enduring relationship. One of the earliest cooperation pacts between two nations was in field of nuclear energy. Russia has played an important role in building nuclear energy sector in india. Under the nuclear pact, russia helped india build reactors in kudankulam. However

following india's nuclear tests, india came under international sanctions which barred nations form cooperating with india in nuclear energy sector. Yet russia has continued partnership on grounds that its earlier agreement included cooperation in building more reactors and since agreement was signed before sanctions came into force, it wouldnt have to obey sanctions. This provision in agreement is known as grandfathering pact. Now china is using the same grounds, for extending nuclear cooperation to Pakistan 3 bigha corridor .......implicationss? ** is a strip of land belonging to India on the West Bengal Bangladesh border, which in September, 2011, was leased to Bangladesh so that it can access its DahagramAngarpota enclaves russia is a recently made a new member of WTO...t or f ? how may member in WTO . n when indin added as WTO Country ?. 154 members. It was formed on 1st January 1995 **85% majority support of WTO members is necessary to be a member for quota reforms it is 70%

CHOGM CHOGM - Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting - was first held in 1971 - everytime the meeting is held at different member states of commonwealth nations

- currently there are 54 member nations in commonwealth - Commonwealth leaders meet every two years to disuss the Global as well as commonwealth nation's issues - the meeting is chaired by the President/Prime Minister of the host nation - he/she holds the position until the next meet - Last meeting was held in 2011, in Perth, Australia, headed by Julia Gillard ** pakistan was suspended two times first in 1999.. n suspension was lift in 2004... agn suspended in 2007 for 6 mnths.. nigeria was d first state to get suspended.. but now.. Currently, there is one suspended member, Fiji. UNHCR ? United Nation's High Commission for Refugees , looks after cases related to refugees , their settlments , residence , plights , problems , etc & etc . the main condition is member countries can not refuse refugees to accept and settle down in their countries..and it is permanently working in ghaja strip as war between from the formation of Israel and Palestine...and else civil aspirant has been written.. *** *Headquarters-Geneva,Switzerland *has won 2 Nobel Peace Prizes[1954,1981] Conference of ministers of the Heart of Asia countries was held in Kabul: * Conference of ministers of the Heart of Asia countries was held in Kabul Afghanistan Delegations of 15 Heart of Asia

countries and the countries supporting Istanbul Process along with regional and international organizations are took part in the conference Countries favoring the Istanbul Process are United States, Britain, Canada, Japan, Egypt and Germany Along with several other European countries. Which are the Countries under HEART OF ASIA? There are 15 Countries in HEART OF ASIA region The Countries are:- . Afghanistan . Azerbaijan . Kazakhstan . Kyrgyzstan . India . Iran . Pakistan . Russia . Saudi Arabia . Tajikistan . Turkey . Turkmenistan . UAE . Uzbekistan. what is instabul process????

Istanbul process was declared after the Nov 02, 2011, Istanbul Conference, to achieve a peaceful, secure and stable state of Afganistan through regional co-operation by the countries of 'Heart of Asia'. What are the hurdles in UN reforms? What are the stands of the big powers - US, Russia and China on this issues? The major reform required in UN is increasing the non permanent members & permanent members in its Security Council . . . Regarding increase in non permanent membership , many countries have acquired an imp position , both politically & economically in several continents . It is now highly necessary to increase non permanent members from each continent to be aware of ground realities & circumstances . But the P5 can't see their 'rivals' being given opputunities of having their opinions in UNSC , which can contradict their policies & programmes that these P5 seek to pass as they posses VETO . . . But the most imp & must have reform INCREASE IN PERMANENT MEMBERSHIP seems to be more hurdled & resisted,infact vetoed by P5 . Big powers like US , RUSSIA , CHINA won't let , it seems so , to see their rivals & counter parts like India , Japan , Germany , Brazil , etc & etc to be included or given permanent membership . It is so bcoz the new members will have their own opinion & say in UNSC's policies & programmes . They will surely contradict the policies that these P5 seek for their own economic & political & millitary influence . But these reforms are necessary . Now there are not only these P5 which must be leaders of world , but there seem to be more

countries which have a global importance , both from political , economic , & millitary point of view . They also have to be given power for framing new SC policies which will have impact on whole world . Moreover , these P5 are developed states . These countries seem to be less serious or partial in their initiative to control problems relating pollution,green house gases , north south trade dialogues , WMD , biological weapons , racism , technology benefits , economic revieval of least developed countries , etc & etc . FATF? Financial Action Task Force (FATF) The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) is an intergovernmental body established in 1989 by the Ministers of its Member jurisdictions. The objectives of the FATF are to set standards and promote effective implementation of legal, regulatory and operational measures for combating money laundering, terrorist financing and other related threats to the integrity of the international financial system. What are 'anti-dumping investigations' in context to international trade? it is said dat sm nations like china give subsidy to their exports due to which the price of their products in international markets appears very less compared to other countries nd this has hit the domestic manufacturers of other nations badly.so bodies like WTO or for dat matter nations like USA has undertaken stringent steps like anti-dumping duties to stop such non-ethical trade practices.moreover since it hurt the

domestic manufactures,markets nd employment level so nations keep eye over all imports to prevent them about ASEAN ? ASSOCIATION OF SOUTH EAST ASIAN NATION UN millenium Summit ? in sep 2005 ...known for"" Middle East Peace Negotiations""" and millenuim declaration middle east peace negotiation is very imp for civil services why india,china relations r so complicated give five reasons in short * Indias grudge over the friendship of china with pak. * border disputes and territorial claims, including an absense of a clearcut historical demarcation of national boundaries. For e.g. the lasa and tawang regions. * India's relation with US. * Growth of India and the predictions of surpassing of india's growth over china's growth * Pro-Tibet attitude of india. * Political instability of close neighbours viz pak, afgan and myanmar. * Where did the first Coference of Parties (COP) overseeing implementation of UN Conventions to compact desertification was held A) Geneva B) Gyeongnam C) Rome D) Dakar

rome , Itly 1997 what is full form of news north east west south No.of countries having ICBMs??names?? us, russia, china, india, uk n france

25 th NATO MEETINGS HELD WHERE???????? hosted country??//wat r main points or descision taken here??????? At the Chicago ( U.S.A.) Summit, 20-21 May 2012. The summit will principally focus on three main themes: the Alliance's commitment to Afghanistan through transition and beyond ensuring the Alliance has the capabilities it needs to defend its population and territory and to deal with the challenges of the 21st century and strengthening NATO's network of partners across the globe. what is MIRCH stands for mangolia,india,russia nd china consortium for cultural co-operation write full detail about RAW ? Raw also known as research analysis wing. It was formed on 21 sep 1968 with r.n kao as its director. ** It was formed due to the weakness of IB in external affairs. Its work is to counter terrorism, gather clandestine information and other nuclear power related. **This is not answerable to the parliament of india. **It comes under prime minister purview

In 2001, which Indian player was appointed as 'Messanger of Peace' by United Nations (UN), to promote its peacekeeping efforts ? vijay amritraj

what was outcome of tokyo summit on afghanistan? what are implications of US announcement of afghanistan as a major non NATO ally? At a major donor conference this weekend in Tokyo, the international community linked its hefty financial aid for Afghanistan over the coming years to concrete progress in reforms by the government of Afghan President Hamid Karzai. Countries pledged to provide a generous $16 billion in reconstruction aid for Kabul for the coming four years. But that money is only supposed to flow if swift and tangible improvements are made in governance, in the fight against corruption and in the strengthening of civil rights especially for women. opec ?? Organisation of Petroleum Exporting countries, H.Qrs Baghdad, Iraq. Member countries Republic of Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia Venezuela, Qatar , Indonesia , Libya , the United Arab Emirates , Algeria, Nigeria, Ecuador, Gabon and Angola. Ecuador suspended its membership.Gabon terminated its membership in 1995. Indonesia suspended its membership effective January 2009. Currently, the Organization has a total

of 12 Member Countries. Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is to coordinate and unify the petroleum policies of its Member Countries and ensure the stabilization of oil markets in order to secure an efficient, economic and regular supply of petroleum to consumers, a steady income to producers and a fair return on capital for those investing in the petroleum industry. The Naval Science and Technological Laboratory (NSTL), ....... a unit of Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has developed an affordable cochlear implant (also known as a bionic ear). t or f? True Cochlear Implant - it is a surgically implanted electronic device - provides a sense of sound to a person who is profoundly deaf - or severely hard of hearing due to loss of sensory hair cells in their cochlea International Labour Organisation ? The International Labour Organization (ILO) is the only tripartite U.N. agency with government, employer, and worker representatives. This tripartite structure makes the ILO a unique forum in which the governments and the social partners of the economy of its 183 Member States can freely and openly debate and elaborate labour standards and policies. The ILO was created in 1919,

Boy Scouts ?? The Boy Scouts of America (BSA) is one of the largest youth

organizations in the United States, with 2.7 million youth members and over 1 million adult volunteers.. it is founded in 1910 by founded by powell Salvation Army ? The Salvation Army is an integral part of the Christian Church, although distinctive in government and practice. operation ghost is deals wid ? Operation Ghost is a code name given by FBI to a two-year investigation of a criminal gang based in Estonia which is now successfully completed.. releted to malware scam ''liu yang'' in news why Chinas first female astronaut climbed excitedly out of a capsule to find herself in a strange wasteland. For a moment, she may have thought herself in some far-off planet as she gazed around the sprawling terrain of Inner Mongolia. Liu Yang, 33, completed the 13-day mission to the country's space station site along with commander and veteran astronaut Jing Haipeng, 45, and crew mate Liu Wang, 43. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization that was created on July 22, 1944 at the Bretton Woods Conference and came into existence on December 27, 1945 when 29 countries signed the Articles of Agreement.

** originally had 45 members. **The IMF's stated goal was to stabilize exchange rates and assist the reconstruction of the worlds international payment system post-World War II. is thr any limitation for IMF ? The IMF will only lend money to countries if they agree to certain conditions. These conditions increase poverty. The livelihoods of people in poorer countries are destroyed by unfair competition from foreign goods and services. The IMF does not give good financial advice. Countries have suffered by following it. Org of Islamic Conference has hw mny members 57 Its an international organisation head quartered in saudi arabia which is the main voice of muslim world in safegaurding the interests & well being of muslims OIC aims to preserve Islamic social and economic values; promote solidarity amongst member states; increase cooperation in social, economic, cultural, scientific, and political areas; uphold international peace and security; and advance education, particularly in the fields of science and technology. rohingyas issue? rohingyas r actually muslim refugees frm bangladesh residing in myanmar...currently their number is 7.5lakh in myanmar.they often clashes with ethnic buddhist myanmaris who r in majority there.problem is dat myanmar is finding it difficult to keep them while bangladesh is refusing to accept them as its citizen

Which country is not the permanent member of the Security Council ? A. Russia B. USA C. Britain D. Italy Italy meta-university meta university scheme allows a student to pursue 2 different courses in 2 different universities, for example a student who is pursuing his engineering frm jammu university can at the same time enroll himself for a sociology course in jawahar lal nehru university delhi which 3 states recently banned smokeless tobacco in india mp,kerala nd bihar ** kerala and goa also banned gutka HED? higher education dialogue. the dialogue between india and us What are EURO Norms-1,2,3,4,5,6 and their predetermined levels???? Permissible emission levels of automobiles, like Bharat 1,2,3,4. let's discuss on WIPO and issues attached with it ..?? WIPO is a non elected body and each state one vote regardless of its population or contribution so it is inclined

toWARDS Nothern countries so not taking strangent measures against them in voilating IPR s n GI. what is UNEP? United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) the world's leading institute which truly works on environmental issue and as it's under uno..so, of course member countries will have pressure to follow on some limit...and earth summit, Kyoto protocol, Durban summit and RIO20+ could be considered as successful summit..and many others projects and awareness programs are working under it..it's subsidiary branch united nation convention on climate change ( UNCCC ) can be considered as overlooked to the world on pollution matters.. hq--NAROIBE sdr is an instrument used by world bank and imf to create the international liquidity of currinces and reduce the higher dependency on doller in international market. SDR = Special Drawing Rights SDR is associated with IMF only What measures are being taken to secure India's coastlines? -enhance coastal police stations -Technogical upgaradation of forces using GPS based system,improve maritime security-clearcut divisions of responsibility of coastal police,indian coastguard and navvy and proper coordination among them, satteklite based monitoring data etc

Memogate scam??? scandal about alleged memorandom by pakistan ambassador to usa, hussain haqqanini to us admiral m mullen to help pakistani civil govt. in case of a coupe by pak armu

istanbul process? afghan's effort for promoting regional co-operation & sustainable economic growth.india insists that istanbul process be an afghan owned process... 'the scream''? nd why in news norwageian painting of $119.8 million due to which norway's trade surplus in may rose to 44.5% Western China Crisis (20 Words) Xinjiang shares a border with Pakistan Occupied Kashmir (PoK); China blames the separatist East Turkistan Islamic Movement (ETIM) for fomenting trouble in the province. what is micro irrigation (20-50 words technique to feed directly the water to plant where it is needed.by using sprinkle system,israel irrigation technique etc. GOI started National Mission on Microirrigation providung 60 percent subsidy in lying pipes etc.it reduce the water wastage and insure optimum use of water resources. scientist involved in this got dis yrs world food prize. what is Ginni -Cofficient? inequality measuring index...it can be social or economic inequality...value is between 0 nd 1.more is value more is

inequality.e.g.-in 2010 gini coefficient ws 0.27 nd in 2011 it ws 0.28 which means inequality increased in india in last one yr! @#$% Expand the term SWIFT (A) Society for Worldwide Inter-national Financial Telecommunications (B) Society for Worldwide Inter-bank Financial Telecommunications (C) Society for Worldwide Inter-national Financial Transfers (D) Society for Worldwide Inter-bank Fiscal Transactions Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications It enables to financial institutions to send and receive information about financial transactions world wide national pension system(5 points ) 1.applicable to all earners be it public ,private or any unorganised sector. 2.compulsory for govt employees nd voluntary for rest 3.adopted in 2004 4.pple between 18-60 yrs of age can invest. 5.govt actually invests the money in equity,govt bond nd corporate bonds....(only)...this easesd the burden which previously used to be charged from GOI pocket. 6.pfrda established to make it popular...bt pfrda yet to get constitutional status becoz bill is pending frm last 8 yrs due to which it face problem in dealing with defaulter pension fund managers ,as to punish them in cases it has to visit civil court

everytime. after getting constitutional status pfrda will hav power of civil court,nd will take such actions on its own. 7.due to volunteer nature scheme is nt popular among private or unorganised sector.moreover pension fund managers dont take much initiative in this regard becoz intensive is very low(only0.0009%) Which is NOT the principle of Indian Foreign Policy? A. Anti-imperialis m B. Peaceful coexistence C. Nuclearisation Anti-imperialis m anti-imperialism:------ against any for of colonialism peaceful Coexistence: panchsheel sidhant liu wang who? one of the 2 chinese astronaut to visit space twice contribution of G 8 AND G 20 in the world economy.. G8 and G20 r axis of world economy.the entire wrd eco r depend on them. g-20 developing nations grouping established at cancun summit of wto,includes countries with export interests Paraguay is undergoing crisis recntly...wrte abt it ? The Republic of Paraguay is in crisis. The institutional breakdown caused by the National Congress through a parliamentary coup, broke the democratic process that the people voted and elected in 2008. this attack against the legitimate government of Paraguay, elected at the polls, besides being a terrible reversal of democracy that affects all citizens Paraguayan democracy seriously threatens the entire region, as it stands as a destabilizing element for all of Latin

America. International Trade Administration ? The International Trade Administration strengthens the competitiveness of U.S. industry,promotes trades and investments also ensures fair trade through rigorous enforcement of its laws and agreements. ITA works to improve the global business environment and helps U.S. organizations compete at home and abroad.ITA supports President Obamas recovery agenda and the National Export Initiative to sustain economic growth and support American jobs. ITA consists of four sub-units. These are: Import Administration (IA), Market Access and Compliance (MAC), Manufacturing and Services (MAS) and the US Commercial Service (USCS). Kabuki theater? Kabuki theater is in Tokyo,Japan where last week,a confrence of 70 countries was organised for Restructuring Afganistan after Nato leave it in 2014.they have decided to provid 16 billion dollor for reconstruction of Afganistan in forth coming 4 years. Millenium Alliance? The Millennium Alliance: An India-US Innovation Partnership for Global Development will raise $50 million in seed capital, grants, loans, guarantees, and technical support for base of the pyramid solutions. The Alliance will be modeled on USAIDs Development Innovation Ventures to deliver maximum development impact by focusing on

cost-effective solutions, rigorous testing and evaluation, and transition to scale via public and private pathways. USAID has committed $7.5 million to help launch the partnership with the Indian businesses matching it. ''Fatou Bensouda'',in news why? 1st women nd 1st african lady to hold the post of chief prosecutor at icc here icc means international criminal court... FII 'explain. in FDI dere is a direct long term investment through infrastructure et c. nd in FII its through sheyers nd securities etc........ Duma??? The lower house of russian parl. different between fdi n portfolio investment? Foreign direct investment can be described by directly investing into another country. For example, Ford has discovered they can increase their profits by building a car plant in Mexico. This is considered foreign direct investment because Ford is directly using Mexican workers as their means of production directly. Foreign portfolio investment can be explained through the example of an American business man investing in stocks in the Tokyo Stock Exchange. The business man is more passive in his investment. He is not going out of his way to start up a company or expand a company into the country. He is simply investing in to a company that already exists. So, the key difference between foreign direct investment and foreign portfolio investment is how involved the investor is. A corporation is more likely to engage in foreign direct investment because they will probably have enough money to

expand. An individual is more likely to engage in foreign portfolio investment because the environment is simply better for them. The risk of foreign portfolio investment for an individual is less risky than expanding or creating their company to a different country. World Economic Forum? WEF is a non profit Swiss foundation headquartered in Cologny,Geneva. it is an independent international organization committed to improving the state of the world by engaging business, political, academic and other leaders of society to shape global, regional and industry agendas. The 2012 meeting was held on 25-29 January 2012, with the theme "The Great Transformation: Shaping New Models"WEF is a non profit Swiss foundation headquartered in Cologny,Geneva. it is an independent international organization committed to improving the state of the world by engaging business, political, academic and other leaders of society to shape global, regional and industry agendas. The 2012 meeting was held on 25-29 January 2012, with the theme "The Great Transformation: Shaping New Models Macarthyism? is the practise of making accusations of disloyalty without any proper evidence came into picture during 2nd Red Scare period in US.is the practise of making accusations of disloyalty without any proper evidence came into picture during 2nd Red Scare period in US.Macarthyism?is the practise of making accusations of disloyalty without any proper evidence came into picture during 2nd Red Scare period in US.Top of Form

is the practise of making accusations of disloyalty without any proper evidence came into picture during 2nd Red Scare period in US. UNFPA??? The agencys main goals are: Universal access to reproductive health services by 2015 Universal primary education and closing the gender gap in education by 2015 Reducing maternal mortality by 75 per cent by 2015 Reducing infant mortality Increasing life expectancy Decreasing HIV infection rates.. Head Quarters is located in New York Sheikh Mohammad bin Rashid al Maktoum???? The Prime Minister and Vice President of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and constitutional monarch of Dubai UNIDO??? is the specialized agency of the United Nations that promotes industrial development for poverty reduction, inclusive globalization and environmental sustainability. it's headquartered in Vienna, Austria. It is also a member of the United Nations Development Group. it has Presently, 173 states are members of UNIDO Executive head :Kandeh Yumkella United Nations Industrial Development Organization UNCTAD??? The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development ( UNCTAD) It is the principal organ of the United Nations General

Assembly dealing with trade, investment, and development issues. The Secretary-General of UNCTAD is Dr. Supachai Panitchpakdi. it hq at Geneva, Switzerland established in 1964 . Ladli lakshmi scheme ? A benefit of Rs .1mn,for the girls marrying legally after 18yrs of age, and born and brought up in Goa. for those born outside, the state of goa, the cases will be scrutinised. Launching this noble scheme goa cm Mr. M parikkar said, this scheme would aim towards abolition of female foeticide cases. For this scheme, the goa state govt has granted a package of rs. 150cr. Rs. 1 lack each Girl to meet expenses

Compare and contrast the role of IMF with that of world bank? IMF monitor the world economy its member countries economic activities.all members of IMF R automatically member of world bank. world bank gives loans to developing countries.wb is co- institution of imf.
define state party nd national party a party which gets minimum 6% of votes in 3states in state level elections or 4% of votes in loksabha election or aquires 1seat in every 25 of loksabha seats is calld a natinal party....... 6 1 inc 2 bjp 3 bsp 4 cpi

5. cpi (m) 6 ncp rupaantar project? rupaantar means transformation..it has been implemented in assam with the help of oil india limited..it is becoming one of the role model for the rural development..in this various self help groups are formed and they are trained by the state insitute of rural development..it assist te unemployed youth and women to find alternate means of employment.its main focus is on agro based industries.. Who was Famous as Frontier Gandhi????? khan abdul gaffar khan The newly-elected chairperson of the African Union Commission, South Africa's Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, was sworn into office today, becoming the first woman to lead the pan-African institution. Erastus Mwencha, the newly-elected deputy chairperson of the AU Commission, and five new AU commissioners also took the oath at the closing ceremony of the 19th AU Summit, held in the Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa. The five new commissioners will be in charge of peace and security, political affairs, social affairs, infrastructure and energy, and rural economy and agriculture, respectively......... tell me about AU Summit AU s a union consisting of 54 African states. The most important decisions of the AU are made by the Assembly of the

African Union, a semi-annual meeting of the heads of state and government of its member states. The AU's secretariat, the African Union Commission, is based in Addis Ababa,Ethiopia. political capital are Addis Ababa and Midrand. Financial institutions OF AU 1. African Central Bank Abuja, Nigeria 2. African Investment Bank Tripoli, Libya 3. African Monetary Fund Yaound, Cameroon The African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights, in existence since 1986, is established under the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights .currently it combating malaria and the AIDS/HIV epidemic in its region , estabilising democratic regime in region etc. discuss points about AUTOCRATIC GOVERMENT.. kin countries me thi ya abhi hai.. wahan ki rulings... orders... ????? An autocracy is a form of government in which the political power is held by a single individual.e.g. in Russia from the 1600's-1917 there was on tsar (emperor) who is all powerful over the country. There is no way for changing an autocratic rulers mind because they believe they are there on God's will.in this there would be no vote because political parties are illegal. how many communist countries in world? .the word communism is not really framed..it's by socialism.. Marxism ( Karl Marx )..but when govt. continue deal with every sector of society and economy in automatically turned in communism..the main purpose is all are equal and it's govt's

responsibility that they must be equal..it's true somehow the que of china and russia are very debatable just because both have opened their economy with LPG concept but russia has only one way globalization..their companies goes outside and do business but other companies of the world are not allowed except special permission of govt..you can see govt. is still holding 95 % authority of economy ..that means govt. have very crucial role in their economy.. What is the present political scenario of Iraq? polity is divided in sectarian lines as kurds,shias,sunnis

THIS IS ALL ABOUT WE DISCUSSED IN THE MONTH OF june and july.......... COMPLIED BY -: Hemant kumar saini (hemantkumarsain@gmail.com)

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