B GIO DC V O TO

I HC NNG

CNG LUN VN THC S

ti:
NGHIN CU KH NNG S DNG MT S LOI HAI MNH V LM CH TH NH GI NHIM KIM LOI NNG TRONG TRM TCH KHU VC CA SNG KN V M TH NI, TNH BNH NH

Cn b hng dn: Ngi thc hin: Chuyn ngnh: Kho hc:

TS. V Vn Minh Hong Thanh Hi Sinh thi hc 2010 - 2012

 Nng - Nm 2012 1. TNH CP THIT CA TI 1.1 L do chn ti th ho cng nghip ha l xu hng tt yu ca mt nn kinh t pht trin. Tuy nhin, n lun ng ngha vi qu trnh lm bin i mi trng t nhin c hai khuynh hng tch cc v tiu cc. Theo ti liu ca IAEA th hin nay hng nm c t gy bi cc KLN do hot ng ca con ngi to ra vt qua c t tng cng ca tt c cc cht phng x v thi hu c. nhim KLN c kh nng tch t cao, kh loi b do vy khi xm nhp vo c th c hm lng vt qu tiu chun s nh hng n i sng ca cc sinh vt, gy nh hng n sc khe ca con ngi thng qua chui thc n. Cc cht nhim theo cc con sng ra bin v thng ti ca sng ven bin th kt ta, tch t li trong trm tch. Do vy, xc nh hm lng KLN trong trm tch ti ca sng l rt cn thit.(UNEP/FAO/WHO, 1996 trch trong Carles et al., 2000). S dng sinh vt ch th c th l ng vt hai mnh v (s, vm, trai,) nh gi nhim KLN trong mi trng l mt hng nghin cu c cc nh khoa hc trn th gii quan tm (Merlin, 1965; Ferrington., 1983; Doherty, 1993; Oeatel, 1998, Revera, 2003, Phillip, 1994). Qua nghin cu cho thy hm lng KLN trong m t bo ca nhng sinh vt ny cao hn nhiu so vi trong mi trng v th c th thng qua nh gi c cht lng mi trng ti khu vc chng sinh sng (Al-Madfa, 1998; AbdAllah v Moustafa, 2002). Phng php ny khng i hi nhng thit b hin i hay phi thu mu nh k, tn sut thu mu t v chi ph nh, ng thi nh gi c nhng tc ng tng hp, lu di i vi sinh vt v h sinh thi. nc ta c mt s tc gi nghin cu v kh nng tch ly KLN trong cc loi hai mnh v nh o Vit H (2002), ng Thy Bnh (2006), L Th Mi, L Th Vinh (2005), on Th Thm. Nm trong vng kinh t trng im min Trung gm 05 tnh, Bnh nh l a phng c qu trnh cng nghip v th ha pht trin mnh ca khu vc. Sng Kn l sng ln nht trong cc sng ca tnh, c tng din tch lu vc (F) l 3.067 km2, vi chiu di sng chnh l 178 km. Lu lng tn sut (Q 0,75%) khong 33 m3/s, lu lng kit (Qkit) l 3,8 m3/s, lu lng l (QL) l 5.200 m3/s . Sng bt ngun t vng rng ni ca dy Trng Sn c cao 700 1.000 m, chy theo hng Ty Bc- ng Nam n Thanh Quan- Vnh Phc
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(Vnh Thnh), chy theo hng Bc Nam, v n Bnh Tng (Ty Sn), chy theo hng Ty ng v n Bnh Thnh sng chia thnh 2 nhnh chnh: Nhnh p chy ra ca An Li ri vo m Th Ni; nhnh Tn An c nhnh sng G Chm cch ng ba v pha h lu khong 2 km, sau khi chy qua vng ng bng ri nhp vi sng Tn An cng vo m Th Ni ti ca Tn Ging (x Phc Ho, huyn Tuy Phc). Tt c cc nhnh sng p v Tn An sau khi vo m Th Ni c thng ra bin qua ca Quy Nhn. cao trung bnh ca lu vc khong 567 m, dc lu vc 15,8% v mt li sng l 0,65 km/km2 Sng Kn l con sng ln c tm quan trng rt ln ti kinh t, x hi, mi trng ca Bnh nh, c ca sng vi h sinh thi kh di do. Trong nhiu nm tr li y do tch t cht nhim c ngun gc t cc cht thi sinh hot v nh hng ca cc hot ng pht trin kinh t x hi ca khu vc lm tng nguy c nhim KLN. Trc nhng vn trn, vic nghin cu s dng ng vt 2 mnh v quan trc nhim KLN ng thi thng qua nh gi c kh nng nhim KLN ti khu vc ca sng tr nn cp thit. Xut pht t nhng c s trn, chng ti tin hnh ti Nghin cu kh nng tch ly sinh hc cc KLN mt s loi ng vt hai mnh v ti khu vc ca sng Kn v m Th Ni, tnh Bnh nh". 1.2 ngha ca ti ngha l lun ti gp phn nghin cu c s khoa hc xut phng php gim st nhim KLN bng cc loi ng vt hai mnh v cho cc vng ca sng ven bin vng kinh t trng im min Trung. ngha thc tin Nghin cu gp phn nh gi hin trng tch ly KLN trong trm tch v mt s loi ng vt hai mnh v, ng thi nh gi kh nng gim st nhim KLN vng ca sng Kn, tnh Bnh nh. 2. TNH HNH NGHIN CU V TNH MI CA TI 2.1 Tnh hnh nghin cu 2.1.1 Tnh hnh nghin cu trn th gii Theo ti liu hng dn khu vc b nhim ca trung tm nghin cu mi trng Ltd th trong s cc loi ng vt, ng vt khng xng sng l cc ch s hu ch hn so vi cc ng vt khc, v ng vt khng xng sng
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di nc hu ch hn so vi ng vt khng xng sng trn mt t khi s dng chng lm sinh vt ch th cho mi trng b nhim. D liu c tnh cp tnh trn ng vt khng xng sng nc ngt v c ca c c tng kt bi Firth (1981), Hart (1982) v Skidmore v Firth (1983). i vi c tin hnh nghin cu KLN Cr v Zn. i vi ng vt khng xng sng nc ngt, cadmium l kim loi c ch nht tip theo sau l ng, ri ti km. nhim km lm gim ng k s phong ph v a dng ca ng vt khng xng sng ca con sng Molonglo (Weatherley v Dawson, 1973; Weatherley v cs, 1967, 1975, 1980, Sharley, 1982; Norris, 1983). nhim km c tc ng tiu cc nh hng n sn xut ban u, cu trc cng ng ng vt ph du v cu trc cng ng sinh vt y trong h Burley Griffin (Hillman, 1974). Nghin cu bi Nicholas v Thomas (1978), Sharley (1982) v Norris (1983) ch ra rng khng c du hiu gim nhim Crom k t cuc kho st u tin vo nm 1963 [17]. Trong vic s dng ng vt khng xng sng lm sinh vt ch th nhim mi trng th ng vt hai mnh v l i tng c rt nhiu khoa hc nghin cu, p dng quan trc nhim KLN. Cynthia L.Brown, Samuel N.Luoma M thc hin nghin cu s dng loi hai mnh v Potamocorbula amurensis nh gi nhim kim loi ti vnh San Frasico vo nm 1995 [14]. Cc nghin cu khc cng dng ng vt hai mnh v l loi Anodonta woodiana v Dreissena polymorpha sng ti knh x nh my Patnw v Konin, tc gi Elzbieta Krlak xc nh nng kim loi Mn, Fe, Cr, Zn, Pb, Cd trong m v v ca chng, kt qu cho thy chng c kh nng tch ly Cr, Zn, Pb cao v vi nhng con c tui th cao th s tch ly cao hn [15]. Ngi ta c tnh, tng lng cadmi vo i dng ln ti 8.000 tn/nm; trong , mt na c ngun gc t hot ng ca con ngi. Cadmi thng tch t vi hm lng cao cc loi thu sn. Trn ng vt, thn v gan l c quan cha cadmi cao nht. Theo cc chuyn gia Ba Lan, nhng tiu chun lin quan n cc KLN, nht l cadmi v ch vt gn 100 ln. Ty Ban Nha, vo ma h nm 1988, ngi ta tin hnh kim tra hm lng cadmi, thu ngn v ch trong 31 loi c, nhuyn th v gip xc ly mu t 25 trm dc b bin a Trung Hi. Qua kim tra, hm lng cadmi loi vm n c Mytilus gallo provincialis tng gp 6 ln, cc loi c i hm lng KLN
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tng ln 30 ln v c th gy nhim c cho ngi qua chui thc n (kt qu c cng b nm 1994) [9]. Sari Airas t vin thy sn v sinh vt bin i hc Bergen Nauy cng c ti phn tch ng, km, bc, asen, thy ngn, cadmium trong loi vm xanh Mytilus edulis v nhn thy rng loi ny c s tch ly KLN trong m c th rt cao [22]. Loi ngao du Meretrix meretrix l i tng c p dng kh nhiu ch th KLN ti mt s khu vc trn th gii. Jon Bhlmark s dng n nh l ch s ca s tp trung KLN ti vnh Maputo Thy in [18]. Mohd.Harun Abdullah, Jovita Sidi v Ahmad Zaharin Aris cng s dng loi ny cng vi vic phn tch hm lng KLN trong trm tch so snh Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb v Zn ti ca sng khu vc nng thn v th ca Malaysia [19]. ng vt hai mnh v thng c s dng nh gi nhim KLN v chng c nh loi r rng, d nhn dng, c kch thc va phi, s lng nhiu, d tch t cht nhim, c thi gian sng di v c i sng tnh ti. Nhng loi ng vt hai mnh v c nghin cu rng ri trn th gii v mang li hiu qu cao. 2.1.2 Tnh hnh nghin cu Vit Nam Vit Nam, s dng ng vt khng xng sng c ln nh gi cht lng mi trng nc c nghin cu t nm 1995, quy trnh ly mu v phn tch s liu c thit lp. Phng php ny tin hnh nhiu sng ngi, n cho thy y l phng php ph hp vi nc ta . c nhiu cng trnh nghin cu v s tch ly KLN trong sinh vt. Tuy vy cn t cng trnh nghin cu v mi quan h gia hm lng KLN trong bn v mi trng sng xung quanh, cc dng tn ti ca chng vi kh nng tch ly lan truyn cc KLN trong cc loi nhuyn th. c tnh ca loi nhuyn th hai mnh v l sng y v n lc, s hp th v tch ly KLN c th t nhiu ngun thc n ca chng. Qua nghin cu ca Phm Kim Phng, Nguyn Thi Dung ti ca sng Cn Thnh, huyn Cn Gi, TP. H Ch Minh cho thy trong c th nghu (Meretrix Lyrata) cha cc KLN As, Pb, Cd, Hg v hm lng ca n tng ng l 1, 65; 0,041 ; 0,65; 0,006 mg/kg. V hm lng trong nc thp hn trong trm tch, c nhng kim loi mc d trong nc rt thp nh Cd (0,01mg/kg) nhng trong c th li cao (0,065mg/kg). S liu cho thy ngay c khi nng KLN trong mi trng nng rt thp (dng vt) chng cng c th tch ly trong sinh vt sng [6].
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Nghin cu hm lng KLN trong loi nghu la ( Paphia undulata) vng bin ven b Bnh Thun, L Th Vinh v cs thy rng hm lng Zn v Cr nm 2004 cao hn 2002 ( Zn : 22,67 44, 46 mg/g kh), Cr ( 2,58 8,59 mg/g kh), hm lng Cr, As, Hg cao hn vng bin Thi Lan v Malaysia chng t nghu la c du hiu nhim KLN [12]. Cng tip cn vi phng php ny ng Kim Chi v cs tin hnh nghin cu tham d kh nng tch t Cr, Cd trn trai ( Sinanodonta Modell ) v c (Anlugyagra Sinotaita Hass) vi cc nng nghin cu l 0,1; 0,2 mg/lvi Cr; 0,02mg/l vi Cd cho thy c trai v c u c kh nng tch t Cr, Cd. Kh nng tch t ph thuc v bn thn sinh vt, nng KLN trong nc v thi gian tip xc [2]. Theo nghin cu ca o Vit H (2002), hm lng cc KLN trong Vm xanh (Perna viridis) ti m Nha Phu (Khnh Ha) l : t 0,003 0,21 g/g (tnh theo khi lng ti) i vi Cd; t 0,14 1,114 g/g i vi Pb; v t 0,54 1,81 g/g i vi Cr. Nghin cu ca ng Thy Bnh v cng s nghin cu ti o ip Sn (Khnh Ha) cho thy rng hm lng As tch ly trong Vm xanh (Perna viridis) l 1,76 g/g [1]. Mt nghin cu khc ca on Th Thm nghin cu v s tch ly km trong mt s loi vm, nghu, s ti mt s im ven bin Nng cho thy loi Vm xanh (Perna viridis) c hm lng km l 12,94 14,57 g/g; loi Nghu la (Paphia undulata) t 5,99 10,54 g/g, loi S lng (Anadara subcrenata) t 6,38 10,96 g/g, loi Nghu trng (Meretrix lyrata) t 6,97 8,17 g/g. Theo nghin cu ca L Th Mi (2007) v s tch t ch v ng ca mt s loi nhuyn th ti mt s im ven bin Nng cho thy hm lng trung bnh trong khong 1,13 - 2,12 g/g khi lng t i vi Pb v 7,15 -16,52 g/g khi lng t i vi Cr [10]. Nhn chung s tip cn phng php s dng ng vt hai mnh v lm sinh vt ch th cho mi trng nc ta cn kh mi m. Cc cng trnh nghin cu thnh cng trong vic nh gi c hm lng KLN trong cc i tng nghin cu song cn hn ch trong vic nh gi tng quan gia hm lng KLN trong trm tch vi hm lng trong m t bo. Trong cc lp y ca cc dng sng do cc qu trnh sinh hc cc KLN d to phc vi cc cht hu c trong mn, do mn l yu t chnh mang KLN trong nc. Thng thng hm lng kim loi trong cc mu bn lng cao hn nhiu so vi hm lng kim loi cng nguyn t trong nc ly cng a im v thi gian
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[5]. Da trn c s nhng thnh tu ca nghin cu trc, tip cn trn kha cnh mi s gp phn m rng hng nghin cu ny nc ta. 2.2 Tnh mi ca ti ti l cng trnh u tin p dng phng php ch th sinh hc gim st nhim KLN trong cc loi ng vt hai mnh v v trm tch ti ca sng Kn v m Th Ni, tnh Bnh nh. Nghin cu mang tnh h thng v c s nh gi ton din trn nhiu loi hai mnh v v nhiu i tng kim loi nng. 3. MC CH NGHIN CU Xc nh mc nhim KLN trong trm tch v trong m ca mt s loi ng vt hai mnh v vng ca sng Kn v m Th Ni, tnh Bnh nh. 4. I TNG V PHNG PHP NGHIN CU 4.1. i tng nghin cu - ti nghin cu vi i tng l cc KLN: Pb, Cr, Cd v Hg trong m ng vt hai mnh v v trm tch ti khu vc nghin cu; - Cc loi ng vt hai mnh v ti vng ca sng Kn v m Th Ni, tnh Bnh nh. 4.2. Phng php nghin cu 4.2.1 Phng php tng hp ti liu Thu thp, s dng cc ti liu c sn ti Chi cc mi trng khu vc min Trung Ty nguyn, S ti nguyn mi trng tnh Bnh nh (Bo co hin trng mi trng, Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng, Bo co gim st mi trng nh k, ); cc ti liu, cc kt qu nghin cu khc tng t hoc c lin quan nhm tng quan l lun ca ti nghin cu. 4.2.1 Phng php nghin cu ngoi thc a ti tin hnh thu mu vo 2 t: thng 7 - 8/2012 v thng 1 - 2/2012. Thu mu ng vt: Ly mu ti 3 khu vc gm: x Phc Ha , x Phc Sn v x Phc Thun (hnh 1). Mi khu vc chn 3 im thu mu, mi im 1 - 2 loi ng vt HMV c mt c trng ti khu vc nghin cu. Dng co, gu ly mu ng vt, sau khi thu thp s c bo qun 4oC (theo Goksu) v a v phn tch ti phng th nghim [20].

- Thu mu trm tch: Mu trm tch thu ng thi vi mu ng vt. Dng gu Peterson ly bn su 0 10 cm. ng trong ti nha polyethylene v c k hiu theo quy nh. Tt c cc qu trnh thu mu, bo qun mu v vn chuyn mu... u c tin hnh ng theo cc TCVN v QCVN hin hnh.

Hnh 1: S v tr ly mu 4.2.2. Phng php phn tch trong phng th nghim - X l mu ng vt + Mu c nh loi hnh thi theo Thi Trn Bi, ng Ngc Thanh, Phm Vn Min [8] Mu ng vt c nh loi hnh thi ng vt theo ti liu ca F. J. Springsteen v F. M. Leobrena [F. J. Springsteen v F. M. Leobrena (1986), Shells of the philippines. Carfel seashell museum.] v gi gim nh ti Vin Hi Dng Hc Nha Trang. + Mu ng vt c tch ly phn tht, v c ha mu ng vt bng dung dch HClO4 + HNO3 c hoc H2O2 + KNO3. Chit cc nguyn t vt tan trong nc cng thu (TCVN 6649:2000). - X l mu trm tch:

 kh t nhin mu trm tch, nghin, ry, cn 5 gam mu kh, v c ha bng axit H2SO4 + HNO3 + H2O2 trong bnh Kendan. Chit cc nguyn t vt tan trong nc cng thu (TCVN 6649:2000). 4.2.3 Phng php phn tch - Trong nghin cu ny phng php phn tch c s dng phng php quang ph hp ph nguyn t AAS. Xc nh cadimi, crm, ch, trong dch chit t bng cng thy. Cc phng php ph hp th nguyn t ngn la v nhit in (khng ngn la) (TCVN 6496:2009). Xc nh thy ngn trong dch chit t cng thy dng ph hp th nguyn t hi - lnh hoc ph hp th nguyn t hunh quang hi - lnh (TCVN 8882:2011) - Kim sot cht lng (QC) Thc hin phn tch mu thm chun (spiked sample), mu lp (replicate analysis) v mu trng. 4.2.4. Phng php x l s liu S liu c x l theo phng php thng k, s dng cng c l cc phn mm Excel, Origin 6.0. Phn tch phng sai (Anova) v kim tra LSD vi mc ngha = 0,05. Cc gi tr trong phn tch tng quan c chuyn dng theo cng thc x = lg10(x + 5) [7]. 5. NI DUNG NGHIN CU - iu tra, kho st chn i tng ng vt hai mnh v c mt ti khu vc ny (xc nh loi u th, tn sut xut hin cao, phn b u...), t chn ra mt s loi ph hp vi yu cu, v hm lng KLN c mt trong trm tch ti khu vc nghin cu. Trong s cc KLN phn tch, la chn cc KLN c du hiu nhim, t xut cc phng n gim st; - Thu mu trm tch v mu ng vt hai mnh v; - Phn tch hm lng KLN tch ly trong trm tch v mu ng vt bng my phn tch quang ph hp th nguyn t (AAS); - nh gi kh nng gim st nhim KLN qua phn tch mi tng quan gia KLN trong trm tch v trong m ca ng vt hai mnh v; - xut quy trnh gim st sinh hc (da trn kt qu phn tch tng quan).
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B cc lun vn d kin: M u
CHNG 1: Tng quan nghin cu 1.1. Tnh hnh nhim KLN trong trm tch khu vc ca sng trn Th gii v Vit Nam 1.2. Tnh hnh nghin cu s dng ng vt hai mnh v gim st nhim KLN 1.3. Hin trng mi trng khu vc ca sng Kn, tnh Bnh nh CHNG 2: i tng, a im, phng php v ni dung nghin cu 2.1. i tng, a im nghin cu 2.2. Phng php nghin cu 2.3. Ni dung nghin cu CHNG 3 : Kt qu v bin lun 3.1. Danh mc cc loi ng vt hai mnh v v KLN trong trm tch c mt ti ca sng Kn, tnh Bnh nh. 3.2. Kt qu phn tch hm lng KLN trong m ng vt hai mnh v v trong trm tch 3.3. Phn tch tng quan gia hm lng KLN trong m ng vt v trm tch 3.4. xut chng trnh gim st sinh hc Kt lun v kin ngh 6. DANH MC TI LIU THAM KHO 6.1. Ti liu ting Vit 1. ng Thy Bnh, Nguyn Thanh Sn v cs (2006). Nghin cu s tch ly KLN trong c Hng v mt s i tng thy sn (Vm. Hi sm, Rong sn) ti o ip Sn, vnh Vn Phong, Khnh Ha. Tp ch Khoa hc - Cng ngh thy sn, s 03 04/2006. 2. ng Kim Chi. Thm d kh nng tch t Chromium (Cr), Cadium (Cd) trn trai v c nhm xy dng ch th sinh hc nh gi cht lng nc thi cng nghip. Hi ngh khoa hc ln th 20 HBK H Ni.

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3. L c, Trn Khc Hip, Nguyn Xun C, Phm Vn Khang, Nguyn Ngc Minh (2002). Mt s phng php phn tch mi trng. NXB i hc quc gia H Ni. 4. Nguyn Vn Khnh, Phm Vn Hip (2009). Nghin cu s tch ly KLN Cadimium (Cd) v Ch (Pb) ca loi Hn (Corbicula sp.) vng ca sng thnh ph Nng. Tp ch Khoa hc v Cng ngh 1(30)/2009. 5. Hong c Lc (1999). Nghin cu nhim KLN trong nc thi cng nghip v sinh hot. Bo co tng kt ti nghin cu cp B 1998 1999. 6. Phm Kim Phng (2007). Nghin cu s tch ly KLN As, Cd, Pb v Hg t mi trng nui t nhin ln nhuyn th hai mnh v. Tp ch khoa hc v cng ngh, tp 45, s 5/2007, trang 57 62. 7. Bo Thy (2009). Gio trnh Tin hc thng k trong qun l ti nguyn thin nhin. 8. ng Ngc Thanh, Thi Trn Bi, Phm Vn Min (1980). nh loi ng vt khng xng sng nc ngt Bc Vit Nam. NXB Khoa hc K thut.
9. Nguyn Phc Tng (2010). nhim lng thc v thc phm bi KLN ,

S khoa hc cng ngh Ngh An. 10. on Th Thm, L Th Mi (2008). Nghin cu xc nh hm lng km trong mt s loi vm, nghu v s vng bin Nng bng phng php Von ampe ha tan. Hi ngh sinh vin nghin cu khoa hc ln th 6 i hc Nng. 11. Nguyn Th Tin, Phng Ch S, Hunh Th Minh Hng (2006). Cc vn mi trng trong qu trnh th ha cng nghip ha thnh ph Nng. Tp ch pht trin khoa hc v cng ngh, tp 9, mi trng v ti nguyn/2006. 12. L Th Vinh (2005). Hm lng KLN trong nghu la vng bin ven b Bnh Thun. Tp ch Khoa hc v Cng ngh bin, tp 5, s 4/2005, trang 58 63. 13. L Th Vnh (2005). nh hng ca ht Nix t nh my ng tu Huyndai Vinashin ti hm lng kim loi trong Hu Saccostrea cucullata vinh Vn Phong. Tp ch Khoa hc v Cng ngh Bin, trang 198 -204.
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6.2. Ti liu ting Anh 14.Cynthia L.Brown,Samuel N.Luoma (1995). Use of the euryhaline bivalve Potamocorbula amurensisas a biosentinel species to assess trace metal contamination in San Francisco Bay, Vol 124 pp : 129-142. 15. Elzbieta Krlak, Bogustaw Zdanowski (2001). The bioaccumulation of heavy metals by the mussels anodonta woodiana (Lea, 1834) and dreissena polymorpha (pall.) in the heated konin lakes. Archives of Polish Fisheries, Vol. 9, pp 229-237. 16. Environmental Reseach Centre Ltd (2004). Guidance on preliminary site inspection of contaminated land, CLR No 2 Volume Two, page 9. 17. John Wiley & Sons. Studies of Heavy Metal Pollution in Australia with Particular Emphasis on Aquatic System, page 187-189. 18. Jon Bhlmark (2003). Meretrix meretrix as an Indicator of Heavy Metal Contamination in Maputo Bay. A Theses Work at Uppsala University School of Engineering, Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden. 19. Mohd. Harun Abdullah, Jovita Sidi and Ahmad Zaharin Aris (2007). Heavy Metals (Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb and Zn) in Meretrix meretrix Roding, Water and Sediments from Estuaries in Sabah, North Borneo , International Journal of Environmental & Science Education. pp 69-74. 20. M.nir Ziya Lugal G.KSU, Mustafa AKAR, Fatma .EVK, zlem FINDIK, (2003). Bioaccumulation of Some Heavy Metals (Cd, Fe, Zn, Cu) in Two Bivalvia Species (Pinctada radiata Leach, 1814 and Brachidontes pharaonis Fischer, 1870). Faculty of Fisheries, Ukurova University, 01330 Balcaly, Adana - TURKEY. 21. Perey Perera (2004). Heavy metal concentrations in the Pacific Oystre Crassostrea gigas. Auckland University of Technolo, Auckland. 22. Sari Airas (2003). Trace metal concentrations in blue mussels Mytilus edulis (L.) in Byfjorden and the coastal areas of Bergen. Master Thesis in Marine Biology for the degree Candidata Scientiarium.

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7. D KIN KINH PH THC HIN LUN VN 7.1. D kin tng kinh ph: 11.000.000 (Mi mt triu ng chn) 7.2. D kin kinh ph cho cc mc chi: (n v tnh: ng) Stt 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ni dung chi n v tnh S lng 6 2 40* 20 1 n gi 200.000 500.000 100.000 50.000 1500.000 Thnh tin 500.000 1.200.000 1.000.000 4.000.000 1.000.000 1500.000 1.000.000 800.000 11.000.000

Ti liu Nng Quy Chuyn Nhn v ngc li Cng ly mu t Phn tch mu Mu X l s liu Cng Vit ti Cng In n, photo Chi ph khc Tng cng

(*)Tng s mu = 2 t x [(3 khu vc thu mu x 6 mu/ 1khu vc)] +1 mu trng + 1 mu thm chun + 2 mu lp)]

8. D KIN K HOCH THC HIN HON THNH LUN VN Stt Thi gian Nhim v D kin kt qu

2 3 4 5 6

Kho st chn c i Kho st thc a tng nghin cu (ng 03/2012 06/2012 Thu thp ti liu th cp vt, KLN) Thu thp c cc ti liu cn thit Tin hnh thu mu t 1 C c cc kt qu phn 07-08/2012 v phn tch tch t 1 X l cc s liu t 1 v nh gi c kt qu 08/2012- 10/2012 vit bi quan trc ca t 1. Tin hnh thu mu t 2 nh gi c kt qu 01-02/2013 v phn tch quan trc ca t 2. Tng hp kt qu 2 t Bn tho 02/2013 Vit lun vn 02/2013 Chnh sa lun vn Lun vn hon chnh

9. CH K CA KHOA PH TRCH CHUYN MN, NGI HNG DN V NGI THC HIN TI

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Ngi hng dn

Ngi thc hin ti

TS. V Vn Minh

Hong Thanh Hi

Khoa Sinh - Mi trng

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