8EC1 Computer Networks Unit 1st Queuing Theory Q1.

Explain the mathematical queue for M/m/m queuing model. Q2. State and prove littles formula. Q3.For M/M/m queuing model calculate the probability that an arriving packet is forced to wait. Q4. For M/M/I queuing system with discouraged arrivals calculate Probability of having k packets in the system. Q5. A rural telephone exchange usually experiences 4 calls originated per minute. Evaluate the probability that exactly 8 calls occur in 30 sec interval. Q6. Let n= Number of customers in the system (total of in queue and in service) n= Arrival rate of customers given n in the system n= Departure rate of customers given n in the system Pn= Steady state probability of n customers in the system. Derive the relation between Pn, n and n. Draw the state transition diagram and also explain it. SHEET - 02 Q1. For M/M/I queuing system with discouraged arrivals calculate Average no. of packets in the system. Q2. For M/M/I queuing system with discouraged arrivals calculate Average time spent by packet in system. Q3. Explain M/M/1: N FIFO. Q4. Explain M/G/I Queuing. Q5. Using mathematical model, analyse the following queues 1.) M/M/m/m 2.) M/G/I Q6. Show through derivation , that if the time between arrivals is exponential with mean 1/, then the number of arrivals during a specific period t is Poisson with mean = t. Q7. Write short note on Birth Death process. SHEET - 03 Q1. On average, one call arrive every 5 sec, during period of 10 sec. Evaluate the probability that a.) No call arrive c.) one call arrive b.) Two calls arrive d.) more than two call arrive Q2. What do you mean by Poisson process? Q3. Derive the Poisson arrival process equation.

Q4. Write short note on Pure Birth. Q5. A retail store operators with check out customers. The sign by the check out area advises the customers that an additional counter will be opened any time the number of customers in any lane exceeds three. This means that for fewer than four customers, only one customer will be operational while all the three will be operational when the number of customers is more than six. Customers arrive at the counter area according to Poisson distribution, with a man of 10 customers per hour. The average checkout time per customer is exponential with mean12minutes. Determine the steady state probability Pn of n customers in check out area. Q6. Write short note on Pure Death. Q7. Packets arrive at the rate of one packet every 12 minutes.Time between arrivals follows exponential distributions find. i. Average number of packet in one year ii. Probability that no packet will occur in a day iii. Probability of arrival of 50 packets by the end of the next three hours given that 40 packets arrived during the last 2 last 2 hours.

8EC1 Computer Networks Unit 2nd Data Link Layer SHEET - 01 Q1.Descride various LAN topologies used in computer communication. Q2. Draw the layered architecture of OSI reference model. Q.3 Describe function of each layer of OSI reference model in brief. Q4. Elaborate TCP\IP and OSI reference model. Q5. Differentiate between message switching, packet switching and circuit switching Q6. Give applications of point-to-point protocol. Q7. Explain Go back N protocol. Q8. Explain selective repeat protocol. Q9. Explain Stop and wait ARQ. Q10. Explain the meaning of term piggybacking acknowledgement. SHEET 02 Q1. Describe sliding window protocol giving its important features by suitable examples. Q2. What is the need of framing? Q3. Mention different framing methods at data link layer. Q4. Calculate maximum link utilization efficiency for stop and wait flow control mechanism if frame size is 2400 bits, bit rate is 4800 bps and distance between devices is 2000km and speed of propagation over transmission media is 200000km/s. Q5. Draw a typical frame sequence to illustrate how piggybacking acknowledgement is used in HDLC protocol? Q6. Explain point to point protocol by drawing suitable diagram. Q7. In a different implementation of sliding window protocol, i. The receiver sends a negative acknowledgement when a frame with higher sequence number is received out of order. ii. The receiver sends a duplicate acknowledgement for the lower frame received in order when a frame with higher frame number is received out of order. Discuss the effect of the two approaches on the performance of the protocol. Q8. What is the purpose of using character stuffing in frame? SHEET- 03 Q1. Suppose you are designing a 1Mbps point-to-point link to the moon, which has a one way latency of 1.25 seconds. Assuming that each frame carries 1 Kb of data, what is the minimum number of bits required for sequence number for a sliding window protocol? Q2.In a sliding window protocol, the sender uses a three bit sequence number. What is the maximum window size for sender and receiver if the two windows are required to be of equal size? Justify your answer. Q3. A 1.5 Mbps link with a round trip tume of 45msec uses stop-and-wait ARQ. If the packet size is 1 KB, compute the maximum sending rate being used and link utilization. Q4. Explain framing in HDLC. Q5. How frames are processed in HDLC? Q6. Explain. How the situation of character stuffing in frame is handled in PPP?
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Q7. Compare TCP\IP and OSI reference model.

Unit 3rd Medium Layer SHEET - 01 Q1. Show that the maximum throughput for pure ALOHA is 1/2e. Q2. Show that the maximum throughput for slotted ALOHA is 1/e. Q3. 10,000 reservation stations are competing for the use of a single slotted ALOHA channel. An average satation marks 18 requests/hrs. With a slot of 125 microsec. Find the total channel load. Q4. Explain working of pure ALOHA. Q5. Explain working of slotted ALOHA. Q6. List the function involved in the maintenance of a token ring. Q7. A token ring has 5 stations and a total wire length of 230 m. How many bits of delat must the monitor insert into the ring of 4 Mbps capacity? Assume that propagation speed is 2.3X108 m/sec. Q8. Derive the expression for the maximum throughput of Slotted ALOHA. Unit 3rd Medium Layer SHEET - 02 Q1. Explain Fast Ethernet in brief. Q2 .What is FDDI? Explain in brief. Q3 .Explain Token ring and token bus Q4.Describe briefly carrier sense MAC protocol. Q5. Draw and explain the format of IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD frame. Q6. Explain the term Bridge in detail. Q7. Explain the term Switch in detail. Q8. Explain how the functions in maintenance of token ring are accomplished? Q10. A token ring has 5 stations and a total wire length of 230 m. How many bits of delat must the monitor insert into the ring of 16 Mbps capacity? Assume that propagation speed is 2.3X108 m/sec. Unit 3rd Medium Layer SHEET - 03 Q1. A large population of ALOHA user manage to generate 50 request/sec, included both original and re- transmission. Time is slotted in units of 40msec. 1.) What is the chance of success on the first attempt. 2.) What is the probability of exactly K collision then success? 3.) What is expected number of transmission attempts needed? Q2. Explain the term Hub in detail. 1.) Hub 2.) Router 3.) Bridge 4.) Switch

Q3. Measurement of a slotted ALOHA channel with an infinite number of user. Show that 10% of the slots are idle: 1.) What is channel load? 2.) What is throughput? 3.) Is that channel overload or under load? Q4. Calculate ring latency of 20 stations separated by 100 m and operate at a speed of a mbps. Assume the delay introduced by each station to be 2.5 bit. Q5. Explain the relation between the maximum distance between two stations and the minimum frame length of an Ethernet frame. Q6. Explain the effect of number of stations in the performance of a CSMA protocol. Q7. Derive the expression for the maximum throughput of Pure ALOHA. Q8. Explain the term Router in detail. Unit 4th Network Layer SHEET 01 Q1. Explain Network layer in internet. Q2. Discuss any of the congestion control algorithms. Q3.Explain Flooding algorithm. Q4. State about the general principle of congestion control. Q5. Write short note on Leaky Bucket Algorithm. Q6. Can a single network have IPV4 as well as IPV6? Justify your answer. Q7. Explain the significance of window size field segment. What will happen if a receiver sends the size=1 over multiple segments? Q8. Explain the connection establishment procedure. Unit 4th Network Layer SHEET - 02 Q1. Write down the basic principle of congestion prevention policies. Q2. Write short note on adaptive routing algorithm. Q3. Explain non-adaptive routing algorithm. Q4. State advantages and disadvantages of intermediate reassembly of an internet fragmented datagram versus reassembly at the final destination. Q5. Write short note on Token Bucket Algorithm. Q6. Explain the multicast routing. Q7. Compare Virtual Circuit and Datagram Subnet in a tabular format. Q8. Compare the Distance Vector and Link State routing techniques. Q9. Explain the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). Unit 4th Network Layer SHEET 03 Q1. Draw diagram representation of TCP header details. Q2. Explain distance vector routing algorithm. Q3. What is count to infinity problem? What is the ultimate solution? Q4. Draw header details of IPV4 protocol and describe in brief.

Q5. A computer on a 6Mbps network is regulated by token bucket. Token bucket is filled at a rate of 1 Mbps. Its initially filled to a capacity with 8 megabits. How long can computer transmit at the full 6 Mbps? Q6. Explain Dijkistras algorithm. Q7. Draw header details of IPV6 protocol and describe in brief. Q8. Explain the hierarchical routing. Unit 5th ATM Networks SHEET- 01 Q1. What different type of service categories is offered by ATM network? Described them briefly along with specific application associated with these services? Q2. With the help of neat sketch, explain the ATM protocol architecture. Compare ATM reference model with OSI reference model. Q3. Write short note on ISDN. Q4.Write short note on X.25 architecture. Q5. Draw the frame format of Frame relay. Q6. Why is flow control absent in ATM? What problems would have been encountered if flow control had been introduced? Q7. What do you understand by network standardization? Unit 5th ATM Networks SHEET 02 Q1. What is Cell Delineation procedure? In this procedure explain clearly the safeguards against false misalignment due to bit error. Comment on how the values of ALPHA and DELTA affect misalignment and resynchronization. Q2. Draw the ATM cell format at NNI and UNI. Discuss QOS parameter of ATM networks. Q3. Draw B-ISDN reference model and describe this model. Q4. Write short note on ATM Adaptation layer. Q5. Write short notes on Frame Relay Q6. What is the need for AALs in ATM? On what basis is the AALs categorized? Explain different AAL/s in brief? Q7. How ATM does provide convergence of various data types? What is the role of adaptation layer in this? Unit 5th ATM Networks SHEET 03 Q1. Explain the term Committed Information Rate. How it is implemented in the frame networks? Q2. Write short notes on Broadband-ISDN or B-ISDN Architecture. Q3. Write short notes on Header Error Control (HEC) operation. Q4. What is cell rate decoupling? Q5. What is cell scrambling? Q6.What are the different frame relay standards? Q7. Explain with the help of a diagram, the user Network Interface protocol architecture for frame relay. 6

Q8. Name the ATM layers and their functions. Q9. How is information transferred in ATM? Q10. What are the application areas where ATM networks can be used?