Maths 3rd ESO

EXAM UNIT 3 (SEQUENCES)

Remember: in each question, write the steps you have taken to reach the solution. 1) For each of the following sequences, determine whether it is arithmetic or geometric. Find the tenth and twentieth terms, and the sum of the first 20 terms. (4 points) a. 3, -1, -5, b. 32, 16, 8,...

c. 2, 14, 26, d. 3, 9, 27, 2) Find the sum to 100 terms of an arithmetic progression whose fourth and sixth terms are 10 and 16. (1.25 points) 3) Find the sum to 20 terms of a geometric progression whose first term is 5 and the common ratio 1/3. Find the sum of all the terms. (1.5 points) 4) A culture of bacteria doubles every 2 hours. If there are 500 bacteria at the beginning, how many bacteria will there be after 24 hours?(1.25 points) 5) Find the sum of the 50 first multiples of 7. (1.25 points)

6) The sum of all terms of a geometric progression is 4, and the first term is 3. Find the common ratio. (1.25 points)

SOLUTIONS 1) For each of the following sequences, determine whether it is arithmetic or geometric. Find the tenth and twentieth terms, and the sum of the first 20 terms. a. 3, -1, -5, It is an AP, with d = 4 an = a1 + (n 1)d a10 = 3 + 9 ( 4 ) = 33 and a20 = 3 + 19 ( 4 ) = 73 (a + an )n (3 73) 20 = 700 Sn = 1 S20 = 2 2 1 b. 32, 16, 8,... It is a GP, with r = 2
25 1 1 1 1 and a20 = 32 = 6.1 10 5 an = a1 rn 1 a10 = 32 = 9 = 4 = 16 2 2 2 2 1 6.1 10 5 32 an r a1 3.05 10 5 32 2 Sn = S20 = = = 63.9999 1 1 r 1 1 2 2 c. 2, 14, 26, It is an A.P. with d = 12 an = a1 + (n 1)d a10 = 2 + 9 12 = 110 and a20 = 2 + 19 12 = 230 Sn =
9 19

Maths 3rd ESO

(a1 + an )n
2

S20 =

(2 + 230 ) 20 = 2320
2

d. 3, 9, 27, It is a GP, with r = 3

Sn =

an = a1 rn 1 a10 = 3 39 = 310 and a20 = 3 319 = 320

an r a1 320 3 3 321 3 S20 = = = 5230176600 r 1 31 2

2) Find the sum to 100 terms of an arithmetic progression whose fourth and sixth terms are 10 and 16. a4 = 10 , a6 = 16 a6 = a4 + 2d 16 = 10 + 2d d = 3 a4 = a1 + 3d 10 = a1 + 9 a1 = 1 a100 = a1 + 99d a100 = 1 + 99 3 = 298 (a + an )n (1 + 298) 100 = 14950 Sn = 1 S100 = 2 2

3) Find the sum to 20 terms of a geometric progression whose first term is 5 and the common ratio 1/3. Find the sum of all the terms.
1 a20 = 5 3
19

= 4 10 9

4 10 9 1 5 4.99999999 an r a1 3 Sn = S20 = = = 7.4999999 1 2 r 1 1 3 3 a 5 2 S= 1 S= = 5 = 7.5 1 1r 3 1 3

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Maths 3rd ESO

4) A culture of bacteria doubles every 2 hours. If there are 500 bacteria at the beginning, how many bacteria will there be after 24 hours? G.P: 500, 1000, 2000, a1 = 500; r = 2 24 hours are 12 times 2 hours a12 = 500 211 = 1024000 bacteria

5) Find the sum of the 50 first multiples of 7. 7 , 14, 21,... multiples of 7, it is an A.P. with a1 = 7; d = 7 a50 = a1 + 49d a50 = 7 + 49 7 = 350 (a + an )n (7 + 350 ) 50 = 8925 Sn = 1 S50 = 2 2 6) The sum of all terms of a geometric progression is 4, and the first term is 3. Find the common ratio.
S= a1 1 3 4(1 r) = 3 4 4r = 3 4 3 = 4r r = 4= 1r 1r 4