Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Rosalee B. Fajilan
Senior Industrial Hygienist, Occupational Safety and Health Center
Introduction
The production and use of chemicals is fundamental in the economic development of all countries and, at the same time, it may pose a risk to the health and well-being of all people and the environment if not managed in a responsible manner.
History of GHS
In 1989-90, ILO developed and adopted a convention and recommendation on Safe Use of Chemicals at Work. These instruments require countries to adopt a system for hazard classification and labeling.
History (cont.)
In 1992, United Nations Conference on the Environment and Development (UNCED) took place in Brazil, often called the Earth Summit Established 6 programme areas in Chapter 19, Agenda 21, to strengthen national and international efforts related to the environmentally sound management of chemicals.
International Mandate
A globally-harmonized hazard classification and compatible labeling system, including material safety data sheets and easily understandable symbols, should be available, if feasible, by the year 2000.
Developed in Agenda 21 of the United Nations Conference on the Environment and Development (UNCED) which took place in 1992 in Brazil.
GHS Implementation
The World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) & the Intergovernmental Forum for Chemical Safety (IFCS) have encouraged countries to implement the new GHS as soon as possible with a view to having the system fully operational by 2008
Who is responsible?
Internationally, the UN Subcommittee of Experts on the GHS is responsible for the maintenance, updating and promotion of the GHS: Over 30 countries have jointed the Subcommitte Observer countries and stakeholders also participate
What is GHS?
an international standard for chemical classification and hazard communication basis for establishing comprehensive national chemical safety program comprehensive approach to defining and classifying hazards and communicating information on labels and safety data sheets
Why GHS?
Countries with systems have different requirements for hazard definitions as well as information to be included on a label or safety data sheet. These differences impact both on protection and trade.
Examples of Differences
Australia - Harmful India - Non-toxic Japan - Toxic
Acute oral LD50 = 257 mg/kg
Note: LD50 = Lethal Dosage that kills 50% of the total test population
Korea - Toxic
Benefits of GHS
Countries, international organizations, chemical producers and users of chemicals will all benefit.
Provides a chemical classification and labelling system that is updated and maintained internationally Enhance protection of humans and environment. Facilitate international trade in chemicals.
Reduce need for testing and evaluation. Assist countries and international organizations to ensure the sound management of chemicals. Increases efficiencies; reduces costs of compliance with hazard communication regulations; lowers health care costs, etc.
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Sectors, cont.
Transport (emergency response): Another subset of occupational exposures that is often regulated separately. Involves many provisions beyond classification and labelling (e.g., packaging). These are addressed in the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods. Also impacts public exposures. Consumer Products (public): Involves products sold to the general public, and exposures of vulnerable populations (e.g., children).
GHS Classification
GHS Elements
Hazard Classification Physical Health & Environmental Hazard Communication Labeling Safety Data Sheets
GHS Classification:
Physical Hazards
Explosives Flammable gases Flammable aerosols Oxidizing gases Gases under pressure Flammable liquids Flammable solids Self-reactive substances Pyrophoric liquids Pyrophoric solids Self-heating substances Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Oxidizing liquids Oxidizing solids Organic peroxides Corrosive to metals
Physical Hazards
Hazard Class
Explosives Flammable Gases (including chemically unstable gases) Aerosols Oxidising Gases Gases Under Pressure Compressed Gases Liquefied Gases Refrigerated Liquefied Gases Dissolved Gases Flammable Liquids Flammable Solids Self-reactive Substances Pyrophoric Liquids Pyrophoric Solids Self-heating Substances and Mixtures Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Oxidising Liquids Oxidising Solids Organic Peroxides Corrosive to Metals
Unstable Explosives
Hazard Category
Div 1.1 1A 2 1B 3 Div 1.2 2 Div 1.3 2A Div 1.4 2B Div 1.5 Div 1.6
1 1 1 1
1 1 Type A 1 1 1 1 1 1 Type A 1
2 2 Type B
3 Type C
2 2 2 2 Type B 3 3 3 Type C
Type D
Type E
Type F
Type G
GHS Classification:
Health & Environmental Hazards
Acute Toxicity Skin Corrosion / Irritation Serious Eye Damage / Eye Irritation Respiratory of Skin Sensitization Germ Cell Mutagenecity Carcinogenicity Reproductive Toxicity Target Organ Systemic Toxicity (Single Repeated Dose) Hazardous to the Aquatic Environment Hazardous to the Ozone Layer
Health Hazards
Hazard Class
Acute Toxicity
Hazard Category 1 2 3 4 5
Acute Toxicity: Oral Acute Toxicity: Dermal Acute Toxicity: Inhalation Skin Corrosion/Irritation
1A
1B
1C
1
Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation Respiratory or Skin Sensitisation Germ Cell Mutagenicity Carcinogenicity Reproductive Toxicity - Fertility
2A
2B
1 1A 1A 1A
1A 1B 1B 1B
1B 2 2 2 Lactation
1
Specific Target Organ Toxicity - Single Exposure
1
Specific Target Organ Toxicity - Repeated Exposure Aspiration hazard
Environmental Hazards
Hazard Class
Hazard Category
1 1 1
2 2
3 3 4
GHS
Hazard Communication
What is harmonised?
Labels
Compressed Gas
Oxidizing Material
Class D
Class D
Class E
Class F
Corrosive Material
Hazardous Materials Information System (HMIS) / Hazardous Materials Identification Guide (HMIG)
EU
China
U.S.A.
Flammability Symbols
South Africa
Malaysia
Australia
SYMBOLS
US WORKPLACE CANADA CONSUMER EU CONSUMER WORKPLACE MALAYSIA and HONG KONG THAILAND
EU WORKPLACE
TAIWAN CHINA
CANADA WORKPLACE
INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT
Signal Word (Warning) Hazard Statement(s) (Harmful if inhaled) Precautionary Statement(s) (Use only outdoors or in a wellventilated area)
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Exploding Bomb
Explosives Self Reactives Organic Peroxides
Corrosion
Gas Cylinder
* Gases under Pressure
Exclamation Mark
Irritant Dermal Sensitizer Acute toxicity (harmful)
Environment
* Environmental Toxicity
Signal words
Signal words serve two purposes in the GHS: Get the attention of the label reader Indicate the severity of the hazard There are two signal words in the GHS Danger Warning
Hazard statements
Describe the hazards covered by the GHS Indicate the degree of severity of the hazard Text of the statements has been harmonised Harmonised statements are assigned to each hazard class and category, and have been codified (a numbering system has been applied to them for ease of reference) Example: H318 Causes serious eye damage.
Precautionary pictograms
Some systems may choose to illustrate precautionary information using pictograms. These are not harmonised in the GHS.
GHS Label
ToxiFlam (Contains: XYZ) Danger Toxic if Swallowed, Flammable Liquid and Vapor Do not eat, drink or use tobacco when using this product. Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Keep container tightly closed. Keep away from heat/sparks/open flame. No smoking. Wear protective gloves and eye/face protection. Ground container and receiving equipment. Use explosion-proof electrical equipment. Take precautionary measures against static discharge. Use only non-sparking tools. Store in cool/well-ventilated place. IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CONTROL CENTER or doctor/physician. Rinse mouth. In case of fire, use water fog, dry chemical, CO2, or alcohol foam. See Material Safety Data Sheet for further details regarding safe use of this product MyCompany, MyStreet, MyTown, NJ 00000, Tel: 444 999 9999
Do not eat, drink, or use tobacco when using this product. Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Wear protective gloves and eye/face protection. Keep container tightly closed. Keep away from heat, sparks and open flames. No smoking. Ground container and receiving equipment. Use explosionproof electrical equipment. Take precautionary measures against static discharge. Use only non-sparking tools. Store in cool/wellventilated place. IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a Poison Control Center or physician. Rinse mouth. See Safety Data Sheet for further details regarding safe use of this product. ToxiFlam Manufacturing Company, Route 66, MyTown, TX 00000 Phone: 1 555 666 8888
What is CSDS/MSDS?
Chemical Safety Data Sheet/ Material Safety Data Sheet
- A summary of the important health, safety
and toxicological information on the chemical or the mixture ingredients.
Contents of CSDS/MSDS
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Identification of the Chemicals Composition/Information on ingredients Hazards identification FirstFirst-aid measures Fire fighting measures Accidental release measures Handling and storage Exposure control and personal protection
Contents of CSDS/MSDS
9. Physical and chemical properties 10. Stability and reactivity 11. Toxicological information 12. Ecological information 13. Disposal considerations 14. Transport information 15. Regulatory information 16. Other information
SINGAPORE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 16
CHINA 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 MALAYSIA 2 1 12 3 2 3 4 4 9 56 5 3 78 6 4 7 5 9 10 8 6 11 12 9 7 13 14 10 8 15 16 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 12 JAPAN 13 THAILAND 14 1 15 2 16 AUSTRALIA 3 NEW ZEALAND 4 1 MEXICO 5 123 2 6 456 3 7 789 4 8 10 11 12
TAIWAN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
KOREA
INDIA
INDONESIA 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
MSDS
1. Product and company information 2. Composition information on ingredients 3. Hazards identification 4. First aid measures 5. Fire fighting measures 6. Accidental release 7. Handling and storage 8. Exposure controls, personal protection 9. Physical, chemical properties 10. Stability and reactivity 11. Toxicological information 12. Ecological information 13. Disposal considerations 14. Transport information 15. Regulatory information 16. Other information
1. Product and company information 2. Hazards identification 3. Composition information on ingredients 4. First aid measures 5. Fire fighting measures 6. Accidental release 7. Handling and storage 8. Exposure controls, personal protection 9. Physical, chemical properties 10. Stability and reactivity 11. Toxicological information 12. Ecological information 13. Disposal considerations 14. Transport information 15. Regulatory information 16. Other information
GHS Document
Purple Book:
provides explanatory information on how to apply the system
United Nations (UN) publication of the GHS Outlines the provisions in four parts: Introduction (scope, definitions, hazard communication) Classification criteria for physical hazards Classification criteria for health hazards Classification of environmental hazards
Annexes
1 Allocation of label elements 2 Classification and labelling summary tables 3 Codification of hazard statements, codification and use of precautionary staement, and examples of precautionary pictograms 4 Guidance on the preparation of Safety Data Sheets (SDS) 5 Consumer product labelling based on the likelihood of injury
Annexes (cont.)
6 7 Comprehensibility testing methodology Examples of arrangements of the GHS label elements 8 An example of classification in the Globally Harmonized System 9 Guidance on hazards to the aquatic environment 10 Guidance on transformation/dissolution of metals and metal compounds in aqueous media
Purple Book
Agriculture (FPA)
Transport (DOTC)
Industry
(6 Associations)
Board of Investments (BOI) Coordinating agency and co-chair of all sectoral committees.
Industrial Workplace
Transport
Consumer Products
Industry
Crop Life Phils., Samahan sa Inc. Pilipinas ng mga Industriyang Kimika (SPIK)
Civil Society
Components of the UNITAR GHS Phase I Project (conducted from 2006 to 2008)
Phase Activity/Sector Responsible Entity FPA BPS DOTC OSHC
AA. Situation and Gap Analysis Agriculture Consumer Products/Chemicals 3. Transport 4. Industrial Workplace/Products
B. Comprehensibility Testing
Components of the UNITAR GHS Phase I Project (conducted from 2006 to 2008)
Phase
Activity/Sector A. National GHS Workshop B. Industry and Civil SocietyDirected Activities 1. Industry 2. Civil Society a. Agriculture b. Consumer Products c. Transport d. Industrial Workplace C. Preparation of Draft Legislation Responsible Entity BOI
SPIK PAN, Phils. NACI TUCP TUCP GHS Subcommittee and TWG on Legislation co-chaired by the BOI and the EMB BOI
June 2002
- Integrated Chemists of the Philippines - Ateneo de Manila - Phil. Inst. of Pure and Applied Chemistry (PIPAC) - Phil. Society of Sanitary Engineers, Inc. (PSSEI) - National Poison Management and Control Center - Ecowaste Coalition
Training by those who were trained by the UNITAR experts of 300 stakeholders, with emphasis on SMEs. 1st Batch 08 October 2012
DA - FPA Since there is already an existing labeling for pesticides, the FPA is waiting for the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and World Health Organization (WHO) to harmonize their guidelines with GHS principles first before amending their existing classification and labeling guidelines for pesticides.
(Note: The WHO has published the WHO Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard and Guidelines to Classification: 2009).
June 2002
DENR - EMB
EMB has been continuing the promotion of GHS Basic Principles and awareness raising and capacity building through seminars and lectures. In coordination with the GHS Sub-Committee on Legislation, EMB has already prepared the draft DENR GHS DAO or the IRR for the GHS implementation of industrial chemicals. The draft DAO has already undergone several consultations and for signature of the DENR Secretary by December 2012. EMB has collaborated with SPIK on the preparation of GHS Guidance Document
June 2002
June 2002
DOH - FDA
FDA, together with the DOH main office, has started working on the preparation of the IRR for consumer chemicals.
June 2002
DILG BFP
R.A. 9514, otherwise known as the Revised Fire Code of the Philippines of 2008, was approved on 18 December 2008. Its IRR was approved on 20 June 2009 and it took effect on 18 November 2009. It provides for the use of the placards, composed of four (4) diamonds forming one big diamond, which is not in accordance with the provisions of GHS. BFP will prepare an amendment to the IRR.
June 2002
Status of GHS Implementation by Concerned Agencies DOTC and its Attached Agencies
DOTC will implement GHS through the UN Model Regulations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods and the major legal instruments regulating transport of dangerous goods, e.g., International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG Code) and International Civil Aviation Organization Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air (ICAO TI). DOTC will prepare the IRR for land transport.
Reproduction and distribution of IEC materials such as posters, brochures, chemical safety tips in government offices and industrial workplaces. Info campaign thru tri-media: Radio, TV and focus group discussions
June 2002
Basic Workshop on GHS Intermediate Workshop on GHS Advanced Seminar/Workshop Instructors Training Course (in Tokyo, Japan)
2004 to 2005 (Manila, Phils.) 2009 (Tokyo, Japan) under the AOTS VINACHEM Training 2004 to 2005 (Manila, Phils.) 2004 to 2005 (Manila, Phils.) 2005 (Manila, Phils.) 2007 (Tokyo, Japan)
4 3 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
162 41 18 2 8 2 4 4 2 5 3 4
2006 (Tokyo, Japan) 2007 (Tokyo, Japan) 2008 (Tokyo, Japan) GHS Practitioners Course 2008 (Tokyo, Japan) 2009 (Tokyo, Japan) GHS Practical Skills Course 2008 (Tokyo, Japan) 2010 (Tokyo, Japan) 2011 (Tokyo, Japan)
June 2002
June 2002
June 2002